Counselling in SW1W

Photo of Susan Tyler - London APC, Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
London APC
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
London SW1W
We offer evidence-based, affordable therapy with skilled and qualified psychotherapists and psychologists. Visit our website www.londonapc.co.uk which details options such as Psychodynamic therapy, Jungian or Psychoanalytic therapy or analysis or EMDR. LAPC is an inclusive space and we assist clients from all backgrounds, offering assistance to work with whatever you are struggling with day to day. Each therapist in our practice offers individual qualities and experience. Your time in therapy can be creative, build around sensitive listening and and helping you discover new psychological insights
We offer evidence-based, affordable therapy with skilled and qualified psychotherapists and psychologists. Visit our website www.londonapc.co.uk which details options such as Psychodynamic therapy, Jungian or Psychoanalytic therapy or analysis or EMDR. LAPC is an inclusive space and we assist clients from all backgrounds, offering assistance to work with whatever you are struggling with day to day. Each therapist in our practice offers individual qualities and experience. Your time in therapy can be creative, build around sensitive listening and and helping you discover new psychological insights
01748 900760 View 01748 900760
Photo of Fernanda Wagland, Psychotherapist, BPC
Fernanda Wagland
Psychotherapist, BPC
London SW1W
More often than not, the roots of emotional problems go deeper than normal awareness can reach, and my role is to enable you to identify, and focus on, some of the destructive ways of relating to yourself and others that might leave you feeling depressed, anxious or alone. ​ Together, we will create a safe and creative environment, which will help you to explore the different aspects of yourself – some which harmoniously coexist, and others that are at odds with each other.
More often than not, the roots of emotional problems go deeper than normal awareness can reach, and my role is to enable you to identify, and focus on, some of the destructive ways of relating to yourself and others that might leave you feeling depressed, anxious or alone. ​ Together, we will create a safe and creative environment, which will help you to explore the different aspects of yourself – some which harmoniously coexist, and others that are at odds with each other.
020 3095 0465 View 020 3095 0465
Photo of Sara Williams, Counsellor, MBACP
Sara Williams
Counsellor, MBACP
London SW1W
Welcome. I’m a Relational Therapist who works with the full breadth of human experience. I support individuals, couples, siblings, family members, colleagues and friends, not because I specialise only in “relationships,” but because everything we live is relational. My approach has grown out of more than 26 years in bodywork, healing and talking therapies. Whether you are facing crisis, navigating change or pursuing deeper personal growth, the practice offers a thoughtful, confidential and committed space for exploration and healing.
Welcome. I’m a Relational Therapist who works with the full breadth of human experience. I support individuals, couples, siblings, family members, colleagues and friends, not because I specialise only in “relationships,” but because everything we live is relational. My approach has grown out of more than 26 years in bodywork, healing and talking therapies. Whether you are facing crisis, navigating change or pursuing deeper personal growth, the practice offers a thoughtful, confidential and committed space for exploration and healing.
020 4538 5667 View 020 4538 5667
Photo of Alexandra Tarr, Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Alexandra Tarr
Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
1 Endorsed
London SW1W
Feeling uncertain in your relationship, stuck in repeated arguments, or navigating a major life transition? I help individuals and couples gain clarity, communicate more effectively, and make intentional decisions that strengthen connection and stability.
Feeling uncertain in your relationship, stuck in repeated arguments, or navigating a major life transition? I help individuals and couples gain clarity, communicate more effectively, and make intentional decisions that strengthen connection and stability.
020 8016 2229 View 020 8016 2229
Photo of Vanessa Wheldon, Psychotherapist, MSc, UKCP Trainee
Vanessa Wheldon
Psychotherapist, MSc, UKCP Trainee
London SW1W
You might be feeling anxious, stuck, or sensing that something isn’t quite right. Therapy offers a safe space to slow down, reflect, and start making sense of what’s happening. My approach is relational, and together we’ll find a way of working that feels supportive and meaningful for you. I work with adults experiencing anxiety, trauma, low self-esteem, and life transitions and a wide range of other issues. In sessions, either in central London or online, we can explore what feels difficult, understand where these feelings come from, and support personal growth and change.
You might be feeling anxious, stuck, or sensing that something isn’t quite right. Therapy offers a safe space to slow down, reflect, and start making sense of what’s happening. My approach is relational, and together we’ll find a way of working that feels supportive and meaningful for you. I work with adults experiencing anxiety, trauma, low self-esteem, and life transitions and a wide range of other issues. In sessions, either in central London or online, we can explore what feels difficult, understand where these feelings come from, and support personal growth and change.
020 4572 5844 View 020 4572 5844
Photo of Margherita Castellani, Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Margherita Castellani
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
1 Endorsed
London SW1W
I know from experience that looking for a therapist can feel daunting and overwhelming. People come to therapy for different reasons. You might be about feeling anxious, depressed, struggling with low self-esteem, experiencing relational difficulties or feeling stuck in life. You simply might wish to understand your feelings and behaviours better, in order to achieve greater pleasure and happiness. I am an Italian psychotherapist and group analyst working is private practice. My first degree was in art history, and then trained as a therapist at the Tavistock Clinic and the Institute of Group Analysis.
I know from experience that looking for a therapist can feel daunting and overwhelming. People come to therapy for different reasons. You might be about feeling anxious, depressed, struggling with low self-esteem, experiencing relational difficulties or feeling stuck in life. You simply might wish to understand your feelings and behaviours better, in order to achieve greater pleasure and happiness. I am an Italian psychotherapist and group analyst working is private practice. My first degree was in art history, and then trained as a therapist at the Tavistock Clinic and the Institute of Group Analysis.
020 3893 2747 View 020 3893 2747
Photo of Aimee Griffin, Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Aimee Griffin
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
London SW1W
As an experienced psychotherapist, I am dedicated to providing confidential and supportive therapy services in Belgravia, London. In our sessions, I create a safe, empathic, non-judgmental space where we can explore what brings you to therapy without fear of criticism. With face-to-face and online sessions, I offer a personalised approach tailored to meet your individual needs and goals. Grounded in psychodynamic theory, my approach considers how present-day problems may be linked to early life experiences which allows us to explore the root causes of your distress. My training includes working with children, adolescents, couples.
As an experienced psychotherapist, I am dedicated to providing confidential and supportive therapy services in Belgravia, London. In our sessions, I create a safe, empathic, non-judgmental space where we can explore what brings you to therapy without fear of criticism. With face-to-face and online sessions, I offer a personalised approach tailored to meet your individual needs and goals. Grounded in psychodynamic theory, my approach considers how present-day problems may be linked to early life experiences which allows us to explore the root causes of your distress. My training includes working with children, adolescents, couples.
020 3948 4024 View 020 3948 4024
Photo of Neetu Rastogi - Neetu Rastogi , Psychotherapist, BPC
Neetu Rastogi
Psychotherapist, BPC
London SW1W
Life can be challenging sometimes and you may feel overwhelmed by difficult feelings or behaviours. Sometimes you may simply want to understand yourself better, realise your potential or improve your relationships. I am a professionally qualified and registered Adult and Forensic Psychodynamic Psychotherapist. Psychotherapy aims to help you overcome obstacles to make sense of your internal world and feel understood and supported. It could help you to achieve lasting and fulfilling change in relationships with others but also your most important relationship, the one you have with yourself.
Life can be challenging sometimes and you may feel overwhelmed by difficult feelings or behaviours. Sometimes you may simply want to understand yourself better, realise your potential or improve your relationships. I am a professionally qualified and registered Adult and Forensic Psychodynamic Psychotherapist. Psychotherapy aims to help you overcome obstacles to make sense of your internal world and feel understood and supported. It could help you to achieve lasting and fulfilling change in relationships with others but also your most important relationship, the one you have with yourself.
View
Ian Richardson
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
London SW1W
I am a clinically trainied Attachment based Psychoanalyst . I am also a trained Integrative Counsellor. My clinical focus is expansive and generic. Focusing on issues related to attachment/relational disruptions, trauma and loss.Understanding these issues is an important part of what Psychotherapy can offer. Working collaboratively with clients, I explore a wide range of emotional and relational problems.Some of these problems include depression, domestic violence, anger, anxiety, obsession and compulsion, addiction including narcotics, sex, food, gambling and alcohol.
I am a clinically trainied Attachment based Psychoanalyst . I am also a trained Integrative Counsellor. My clinical focus is expansive and generic. Focusing on issues related to attachment/relational disruptions, trauma and loss.Understanding these issues is an important part of what Psychotherapy can offer. Working collaboratively with clients, I explore a wide range of emotional and relational problems.Some of these problems include depression, domestic violence, anger, anxiety, obsession and compulsion, addiction including narcotics, sex, food, gambling and alcohol.
020 3893 2804 View 020 3893 2804
Photo of Alexandra Reumert, Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Alexandra Reumert
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
London SW1W
I am trained to work with adults of 18 and above. I am fully inclusive in my practice and welcome clients from all communities. I hold a full clinical accreditation of UKCP, and am a member of BACP (MBACP). I am also in placement at the Priory hospital, Roehampton. I work with charity clients providing therapy for a self- selected fee. I provide a safe, compassionate, confidential, and non-judgemental space. I can help with single, specific problems or broader, more existential issues like depression. I will meet you with an open mind and, metaphorically speaking, 'hold you' as we work through your problems.
I am trained to work with adults of 18 and above. I am fully inclusive in my practice and welcome clients from all communities. I hold a full clinical accreditation of UKCP, and am a member of BACP (MBACP). I am also in placement at the Priory hospital, Roehampton. I work with charity clients providing therapy for a self- selected fee. I provide a safe, compassionate, confidential, and non-judgemental space. I can help with single, specific problems or broader, more existential issues like depression. I will meet you with an open mind and, metaphorically speaking, 'hold you' as we work through your problems.
07710 328772 View 07710 328772
Photo of Margitta Detjen, Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Margitta Detjen
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
London SW1W
The therapeutic process helps identify and understand what is happening in your inner world, in your relationships, your behavioural patterns and the difficulties in you experience. I work holistically with an evidence based theoretical framework. I believe that fundamentally we seek to know ourselves, to attune to our relationships, and to make sense of our story. These insights provide a foundation for a stronger sense of self, more fulfilling relationships, and an expanded perspective on life. Whilst therapy can provide symptomatic relief, my hope is that it will also bring you deeper awareness and sustainable progress.
The therapeutic process helps identify and understand what is happening in your inner world, in your relationships, your behavioural patterns and the difficulties in you experience. I work holistically with an evidence based theoretical framework. I believe that fundamentally we seek to know ourselves, to attune to our relationships, and to make sense of our story. These insights provide a foundation for a stronger sense of self, more fulfilling relationships, and an expanded perspective on life. Whilst therapy can provide symptomatic relief, my hope is that it will also bring you deeper awareness and sustainable progress.
View
Photo of Rossana Basile, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Rossana Basile
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
London SW1W
Hello, I am a Licensed Psychologist who works with individuals both via telehealth and in my consulting room at Eaton Gate. While I work with a wide range of issues, I have special expertise in the treatment of eating difficulties and body image concerns, as well as in working with people who have experienced trauma, often early on in life, and who may struggle with their sense of self, with managing intense emotions and in their relationships with others. Therapy can be a life-changing experience, and people start therapy for a variety of reasons.
Hello, I am a Licensed Psychologist who works with individuals both via telehealth and in my consulting room at Eaton Gate. While I work with a wide range of issues, I have special expertise in the treatment of eating difficulties and body image concerns, as well as in working with people who have experienced trauma, often early on in life, and who may struggle with their sense of self, with managing intense emotions and in their relationships with others. Therapy can be a life-changing experience, and people start therapy for a variety of reasons.
020 4572 4183 View 020 4572 4183
Photo of Keith Cooper, Psychotherapist, MA, MNCPS Acc.
Keith Cooper
Psychotherapist, MA, MNCPS Acc.
1 Endorsed
London SW1W
About me: I am an experienced, psychotherapist working with diverse clients of all ages (over 16+) & from many different backgrounds and offer discrete & confidential psychotherapy .
About me: I am an experienced, psychotherapist working with diverse clients of all ages (over 16+) & from many different backgrounds and offer discrete & confidential psychotherapy .
01748 901338 View 01748 901338
Photo of Anthony Ben James Constantine, Counsellor, MBACP
Anthony Ben James Constantine
Counsellor, MBACP
1 Endorsed
London SW1W
Reaching out can feel daunting. I offer a warm and non-judgmental space where you can feel seen and understood. You may be living with anxiety, low mood or depression, grief, questions about identity or sexuality or patterns around addiction. You may feel stuck, overwhelmed or as though you are pretending everything is fine. On my therapy sessions I offer space to pause and explore what lies beneath. Together we gently uncover feelings, challenge unhelpful patterns and release what feels heavy, helping you gain clarity, renewed confidence, self-trust and a stronger sense of control over your life.
Reaching out can feel daunting. I offer a warm and non-judgmental space where you can feel seen and understood. You may be living with anxiety, low mood or depression, grief, questions about identity or sexuality or patterns around addiction. You may feel stuck, overwhelmed or as though you are pretending everything is fine. On my therapy sessions I offer space to pause and explore what lies beneath. Together we gently uncover feelings, challenge unhelpful patterns and release what feels heavy, helping you gain clarity, renewed confidence, self-trust and a stronger sense of control over your life.
020 4572 7350 View 020 4572 7350
Photo of Dylan Lopich, Psychologist, MA, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dylan Lopich
Psychologist, MA, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
London SW1W
You might be struggling with anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, or a general sense of being stuck or disconnected. Perhaps you've tried therapy before and found something missing - it helped to a point, but didn't quite get at what keeps you struggling. You might recognise you keep encountering the same difficulties in different relationships or situations. Or you understand intellectually why you feel or do certain things, yet find it difficult to change. You're looking for more than symptom management - you want to understand the patterns underneath your struggles and find a way forward that feels genuinely different.
You might be struggling with anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, or a general sense of being stuck or disconnected. Perhaps you've tried therapy before and found something missing - it helped to a point, but didn't quite get at what keeps you struggling. You might recognise you keep encountering the same difficulties in different relationships or situations. Or you understand intellectually why you feel or do certain things, yet find it difficult to change. You're looking for more than symptom management - you want to understand the patterns underneath your struggles and find a way forward that feels genuinely different.
020 3962 0865 View 020 3962 0865
Photo of Andrew Kitching, Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Andrew Kitching
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
London SW1W
I am an experienced psychotherapist working from my consulting rooms in Belgravia, London, and work with adult clients from varying backgrounds. In my previous career as a senior executive in newspaper and media organisations in the US and UK, I worked with highly creative individuals and business people alike. This specialist knowledge of the creative and business worlds informs my psychotherapy work as well as familiarity with mid-life/career transitioning, divorce/separation, drink/drug dependency, boarding school syndrome and the attendant depression, stress and anxiety this can evoke.
I am an experienced psychotherapist working from my consulting rooms in Belgravia, London, and work with adult clients from varying backgrounds. In my previous career as a senior executive in newspaper and media organisations in the US and UK, I worked with highly creative individuals and business people alike. This specialist knowledge of the creative and business worlds informs my psychotherapy work as well as familiarity with mid-life/career transitioning, divorce/separation, drink/drug dependency, boarding school syndrome and the attendant depression, stress and anxiety this can evoke.
020 4538 3605 View 020 4538 3605
Photo of Máire Stedman, Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Máire Stedman
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
London SW1W
I am a qualified and experienced Individual, Couple, Family and Systemic Psychotherapist with over 25 years experience of working in the NHS; not for profit sector and the social care sectors, as well as working in private practice. I have experience in working cross-culturally with individuals, couples and families, including working with interpreters. I have worked extensively with trauma, anxiety and depression, as well as post migration issues.I have also worked with families and children experiencing separation and divorce.
I am a qualified and experienced Individual, Couple, Family and Systemic Psychotherapist with over 25 years experience of working in the NHS; not for profit sector and the social care sectors, as well as working in private practice. I have experience in working cross-culturally with individuals, couples and families, including working with interpreters. I have worked extensively with trauma, anxiety and depression, as well as post migration issues.I have also worked with families and children experiencing separation and divorce.
020 3871 8422 View 020 3871 8422
Photo of Dr Keren Smith, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Keren Smith
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
3 Endorsed
London SW1W
Dr Keren Smith worked for the NHS at South London and Maudsley Foundation Trust from 2009 until 2022 where she and her colleagues set up the pioneering National and Specialist Dialectical Behaviour Therapy service for adolescents. Keren has seen clients independently since 2012, working with both adults and adolescents with a range of difficulties. She has a particular interest in working with people with a history of trauma and symptoms associated with PTSD and CPTSD; she has completed further training in specialist trauma focused models including EMDR and DBT-PE.
Dr Keren Smith worked for the NHS at South London and Maudsley Foundation Trust from 2009 until 2022 where she and her colleagues set up the pioneering National and Specialist Dialectical Behaviour Therapy service for adolescents. Keren has seen clients independently since 2012, working with both adults and adolescents with a range of difficulties. She has a particular interest in working with people with a history of trauma and symptoms associated with PTSD and CPTSD; she has completed further training in specialist trauma focused models including EMDR and DBT-PE.
020 8106 4754 View 020 8106 4754
Photo of Camilla Van Den Bergh, Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Camilla Van Den Bergh
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
London SW1W
Do you feel stuck, confused or angry? Are you sick of not feeling your best self? Do you know what your best self looks like? Are these things affecting your relationships at work or home? Working with a psychotherapist helps to steer you to a better you by identifying your needs and looking at your losses in a helpful way. Change is possible and you don't have to make those changes alone. I offer a relational, empathic, client-led approach to the work. I have a corporate background and understand the impact of power imbalances, trauma and loss potentially leading to unhealthy choices, anxiety and depression.
Do you feel stuck, confused or angry? Are you sick of not feeling your best self? Do you know what your best self looks like? Are these things affecting your relationships at work or home? Working with a psychotherapist helps to steer you to a better you by identifying your needs and looking at your losses in a helpful way. Change is possible and you don't have to make those changes alone. I offer a relational, empathic, client-led approach to the work. I have a corporate background and understand the impact of power imbalances, trauma and loss potentially leading to unhealthy choices, anxiety and depression.
020 4530 9534 View 020 4530 9534
Photo of Sophia Hilsley, Psychotherapist, PhD, MUKCP
Sophia Hilsley
Psychotherapist, PhD, MUKCP
London SW1W
I am Director of the Eaton Gate Practice in Belgravia. I offer specialised help with depression, anxiety, low self-esteem and feelings of loneliness and exclusion. Together we will consider coping strategies and identify unhelpful patterns. I have particular experience in bereavement, loss and relationship difficulties. I can help if you are struggling in a relationship, or are coming to terms with the end of a relationship to consider ways of coping. I can also help if you feel unable to make attachments or find it difficult to form relationships. I have an interest in cross-cultural dynamics and trans-generational trauma.
I am Director of the Eaton Gate Practice in Belgravia. I offer specialised help with depression, anxiety, low self-esteem and feelings of loneliness and exclusion. Together we will consider coping strategies and identify unhelpful patterns. I have particular experience in bereavement, loss and relationship difficulties. I can help if you are struggling in a relationship, or are coming to terms with the end of a relationship to consider ways of coping. I can also help if you feel unable to make attachments or find it difficult to form relationships. I have an interest in cross-cultural dynamics and trans-generational trauma.
020 4572 5001 View 020 4572 5001

See more therapy options for SW1W

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in SW1W

90+

Average cost per session

£90

Counsellors in SW1W who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
87% Self Esteem
86% Relationship Issues
86% Depression
73% Stress
66% Trauma and PTSD
62% Bereavement

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

90% Aviva
75% AXA PPP
55% Vitality

How Counsellors in SW1W see their clients

80% In Person and Online
20% Online Only

Gender breakdown

74% Female
26% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in SW1W?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.