Counselling in SO22

Photo of Kellie Stanness Witcher, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Kellie Stanness Witcher
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
1 Endorsed
I get it and can help! My approach is very pragmatic. I won’t just sit and listen. I specialise in treating anxiety, depression and unresolved trauma in a kind, compassionate manner. Together we will work on reducing overwhelm and heal from symptoms of pain.
I get it and can help! My approach is very pragmatic. I won’t just sit and listen. I specialise in treating anxiety, depression and unresolved trauma in a kind, compassionate manner. Together we will work on reducing overwhelm and heal from symptoms of pain.
01962 587334 View 01962 587334
Photo of Polly Mehbuba Khalid, Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Polly Mehbuba Khalid
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
I am a Humanistic and Integrative Psychotherapist with a gentle, relational approach, specialising in psychosexual and couples therapy. Trained in EMDR, I work with trauma, eating disorders, smoking cessation, and addictive behaviours. My work helps individuals and couples explore intimacy and relational patterns with curiosity and compassion. Alongside practice, I teach and support emerging clinicians and BA counselling students. Clinical supervision available from July 2026.
I am a Humanistic and Integrative Psychotherapist with a gentle, relational approach, specialising in psychosexual and couples therapy. Trained in EMDR, I work with trauma, eating disorders, smoking cessation, and addictive behaviours. My work helps individuals and couples explore intimacy and relational patterns with curiosity and compassion. Alongside practice, I teach and support emerging clinicians and BA counselling students. Clinical supervision available from July 2026.
01962 670906 View 01962 670906
Photo of Katharine Duchesne, Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Katharine Duchesne
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
As an experienced Integrative MBACP Accredited Psychotherapeutic Therapist, I offer a confidential, warm and compassionate space to explore issues around anxiety, depression, stress, relationship difficulties, bereavement, trauma, obsessional behaviours and disordered eating. I have many years of experience both as a Therapist and Clinical Supervisor working with Individual Adults, Couples and Groups. I work face to face and Online. BUPA, Aviva, Vitality Health and AXA Registered
As an experienced Integrative MBACP Accredited Psychotherapeutic Therapist, I offer a confidential, warm and compassionate space to explore issues around anxiety, depression, stress, relationship difficulties, bereavement, trauma, obsessional behaviours and disordered eating. I have many years of experience both as a Therapist and Clinical Supervisor working with Individual Adults, Couples and Groups. I work face to face and Online. BUPA, Aviva, Vitality Health and AXA Registered
01962 587881 View 01962 587881
Photo of Rocio Enriquez - RER Therapy, Counsellor, MBACP
RER Therapy
Counsellor, MBACP
4 Endorsed
You may be feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or struggling in your relationships without fully understanding why. You might notice anxiety, depression, loneliness, or feel disconnected from others or from yourself.  My name is Rocio and I work with adults and young people in both English and Spanish who want to understand the patterns behind these experiences and create meaningful, lasting change.  I work with individuals, couples, and groups. I offer sessions in Winchester and online, working with clients from surrounding areas in Hampshire too.
You may be feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or struggling in your relationships without fully understanding why. You might notice anxiety, depression, loneliness, or feel disconnected from others or from yourself.  My name is Rocio and I work with adults and young people in both English and Spanish who want to understand the patterns behind these experiences and create meaningful, lasting change.  I work with individuals, couples, and groups. I offer sessions in Winchester and online, working with clients from surrounding areas in Hampshire too.
01962 670902 View 01962 670902
Photo of James Finucane, Counsellor, MBACP
James Finucane
Counsellor, MBACP
3 Endorsed
You might be functioning on the surface, but underneath, something doesn’t feel right. Maybe you feel stuck, overwhelmed, or caught in patterns you can’t shift. You want more than coping strategies; you want real change. I’m a psychodynamic counsellor working with adults and couples. My approach is direct and thoughtful, focusing on what sits beneath the surface. We’ll explore patterns, reactions, and past experiences that shape your life, creating space for insight and lasting change. This work can be challenging, but it’s where something real begins to move.
You might be functioning on the surface, but underneath, something doesn’t feel right. Maybe you feel stuck, overwhelmed, or caught in patterns you can’t shift. You want more than coping strategies; you want real change. I’m a psychodynamic counsellor working with adults and couples. My approach is direct and thoughtful, focusing on what sits beneath the surface. We’ll explore patterns, reactions, and past experiences that shape your life, creating space for insight and lasting change. This work can be challenging, but it’s where something real begins to move.
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Photo of Viktoria Miller, Counsellor, MBACP
Viktoria Miller
Counsellor, MBACP
Are you feeling overwhelmed by life’s challenges ? You’re not alone. It’s normal to feel exhausted when you’ve been holding so much for so long, especially when it seems like no one truly sees or understands what you’re going through. You might also be battling a sense of hopelessness, wondering if things will ever feel lighter again. Whether you’re coping with anxiety, depression, grief, low self-esteem, stress, relationship issues, family issues, the end of a relationship, living with chronic pain, low self-confidence, or simply feeling lost and burned out, you don’t have to face it alone.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by life’s challenges ? You’re not alone. It’s normal to feel exhausted when you’ve been holding so much for so long, especially when it seems like no one truly sees or understands what you’re going through. You might also be battling a sense of hopelessness, wondering if things will ever feel lighter again. Whether you’re coping with anxiety, depression, grief, low self-esteem, stress, relationship issues, family issues, the end of a relationship, living with chronic pain, low self-confidence, or simply feeling lost and burned out, you don’t have to face it alone.
01962 571229 View 01962 571229
Photo of Dr Katherine Mollart
Dr Katherine Mollart
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
I hold a Doctorate in Clinical Psychology from Oxford University. I have experience of working with individuals, couples, families, adults, older adults, children and adolescents and people with learning disabilities, within a wide range of NHS health care settings. I specialise in working with couples and also supporting people who have long-term physical health problems such as diabetes, chronic pain and chronic fatigue. I wrote my doctoral thesis on adolescents’ experiences of going to boarding school and have an interest in the impact of boarding school on psychological wellbeing.
I hold a Doctorate in Clinical Psychology from Oxford University. I have experience of working with individuals, couples, families, adults, older adults, children and adolescents and people with learning disabilities, within a wide range of NHS health care settings. I specialise in working with couples and also supporting people who have long-term physical health problems such as diabetes, chronic pain and chronic fatigue. I wrote my doctoral thesis on adolescents’ experiences of going to boarding school and have an interest in the impact of boarding school on psychological wellbeing.
01372 239531 View 01372 239531
Photo of Mel Lewis, Counsellor, MBACP
Mel Lewis
Counsellor, MBACP
1 Endorsed
As a Child Therapist I provide a safe, supportive space where children can explore challenges, build resilience, and discover new ways to thrive. Whether your child is experiencing anxiety, low confidence, bereavement, big emotions or difficulties at home or school, I work gently and collaboratively to help them feel understood and empowered. I have experience in working with a variety of presenting issues, including bereavement, depression, anxiety, self harm and abuse.
As a Child Therapist I provide a safe, supportive space where children can explore challenges, build resilience, and discover new ways to thrive. Whether your child is experiencing anxiety, low confidence, bereavement, big emotions or difficulties at home or school, I work gently and collaboratively to help them feel understood and empowered. I have experience in working with a variety of presenting issues, including bereavement, depression, anxiety, self harm and abuse.
07842 255033 View 07842 255033
Photo of Sandra Morgan, Counsellor, MBACP
Sandra Morgan
Counsellor, MBACP
I understand that life can be challenging and that difficult experiences or internalised messages can leave us feeling stuck or uncertain. Whatever your situation, I provide a warm, empathetic space where you can feel heard, understood and supported to find ways to heal and grow. My approach is collaborative, and non-judgemental - your experiences will be valued.
I understand that life can be challenging and that difficult experiences or internalised messages can leave us feeling stuck or uncertain. Whatever your situation, I provide a warm, empathetic space where you can feel heard, understood and supported to find ways to heal and grow. My approach is collaborative, and non-judgemental - your experiences will be valued.
01962 571760 View 01962 571760
Photo of Laura Nation, Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
Laura Nation
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
2 Endorsed
Hello, I am Laura an experienced therapist, here to help. Through sessions we will be able to understand your thoughts, feelings and behaviours at the moment and how you have gotten to today. We will consider what changes you are able to make to ensure that you are back living your best life. Often by understanding what has happened in the past we can better understand what is challenging today. Vicious cycles can start slowing and build up over time. What makes things easier in the short term can often have a larger impact in the longer term.
Hello, I am Laura an experienced therapist, here to help. Through sessions we will be able to understand your thoughts, feelings and behaviours at the moment and how you have gotten to today. We will consider what changes you are able to make to ensure that you are back living your best life. Often by understanding what has happened in the past we can better understand what is challenging today. Vicious cycles can start slowing and build up over time. What makes things easier in the short term can often have a larger impact in the longer term.
01962 571764 View 01962 571764
Photo of James Gerrard Alder, Psychologist, PhD, CPsychol
James Gerrard Alder
Psychologist, PhD, CPsychol
I offer specialist support for men’s issues, and work with veterans, men, and couples facing trauma, PTSD, mental health concerns, and relationship issues. Many arrive feeling stuck, emotionally, or in harmful patterns. With expertise in trauma, and performance psychology, and lived experience in military and high-pressure environments, I provide compassionate, results-driven support to help you regain confidence, rebuild connection, and strengthen emotional resilience.
I offer specialist support for men’s issues, and work with veterans, men, and couples facing trauma, PTSD, mental health concerns, and relationship issues. Many arrive feeling stuck, emotionally, or in harmful patterns. With expertise in trauma, and performance psychology, and lived experience in military and high-pressure environments, I provide compassionate, results-driven support to help you regain confidence, rebuild connection, and strengthen emotional resilience.
01962 571827 View 01962 571827
Photo of William Doran - Will Doran @ Peace Counselling, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Will Doran @ Peace Counselling
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
I am sure that in all of us there is the capacity to make the changes we truly want to make. My role as a counsellor is to journey with you to discover the reasons behind the thoughts, behaviours and feelings that you wish to address. Then once we understand the causes of the issues or problems we can work together to heal the past in the present to create the kind of future that you wish for. We can do this in a safe and secure environment free from judgement, shame or embarrassment. Much of the work that I undertake is based upon Transactional Analysis, (TA), and integrative modalities. Against this framework help is available.
I am sure that in all of us there is the capacity to make the changes we truly want to make. My role as a counsellor is to journey with you to discover the reasons behind the thoughts, behaviours and feelings that you wish to address. Then once we understand the causes of the issues or problems we can work together to heal the past in the present to create the kind of future that you wish for. We can do this in a safe and secure environment free from judgement, shame or embarrassment. Much of the work that I undertake is based upon Transactional Analysis, (TA), and integrative modalities. Against this framework help is available.
01962 571882 View 01962 571882
Photo of Mark Horner - Kingsgate Counselling, Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Kingsgate Counselling
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
I am an experienced BACP accredited counsellor working in central Winchester offering Face to Face counselling, EMDR, and Pre-Trail Therapy. I also work with Insurance Companies such as BUPA, Vitality, Aviva and AXA. I specialise in Mental Health, Addictions, Trauma, Ptsd ACEs and those with a diagnoises of epilepsy. My approach underpinned by Gestalt therapy which can be integrated with a solution focus approach. This approach also gives us the opportunity to work creatively. Our Historic life difficulties and the presenting current climate has seen many people struggle with their mental health and turn to unhealthy and destructive
I am an experienced BACP accredited counsellor working in central Winchester offering Face to Face counselling, EMDR, and Pre-Trail Therapy. I also work with Insurance Companies such as BUPA, Vitality, Aviva and AXA. I specialise in Mental Health, Addictions, Trauma, Ptsd ACEs and those with a diagnoises of epilepsy. My approach underpinned by Gestalt therapy which can be integrated with a solution focus approach. This approach also gives us the opportunity to work creatively. Our Historic life difficulties and the presenting current climate has seen many people struggle with their mental health and turn to unhealthy and destructive
01962 673480 View 01962 673480
Photo of Darren Cockle, Counsellor, MBACP
Darren Cockle
Counsellor, MBACP
Do you need help with your well-being? Are you struggling with anxiety, a bereavement, PTSD, sadness, anger or having relationship difficulties? We have within us an innate capacity for personal growth and transformation. Sometimes though, life gets too much for us; we feel overwhelmed by our emotions and we can’t think straight. That’s where counselling can help. Counselling can help us make sense of it all: see things more clearly, and become more at ease with the way we feel. We can learn to accept the things we are unable to change and recognise what we are able to change.
Do you need help with your well-being? Are you struggling with anxiety, a bereavement, PTSD, sadness, anger or having relationship difficulties? We have within us an innate capacity for personal growth and transformation. Sometimes though, life gets too much for us; we feel overwhelmed by our emotions and we can’t think straight. That’s where counselling can help. Counselling can help us make sense of it all: see things more clearly, and become more at ease with the way we feel. We can learn to accept the things we are unable to change and recognise what we are able to change.
01962 674487 View 01962 674487
Photo of Dr Pavlina Markomichali, Psychologist, PhD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Pavlina Markomichali
Psychologist, PhD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
I have many years of highly specialist clinical experience in NHS and private settings and a career-long interest in the assessment and management of neurodevelopmental conditions. In my last role I was the Neurodevelopmental Lead in a community CAMHS team in Hampshire. I currently hold a part time role as Senior Clinical Psychologist within the Social Communication and Autism Spectrum Service at Great Ormond Street Hospital specialising in second opinion and complex assessments.
I have many years of highly specialist clinical experience in NHS and private settings and a career-long interest in the assessment and management of neurodevelopmental conditions. In my last role I was the Neurodevelopmental Lead in a community CAMHS team in Hampshire. I currently hold a part time role as Senior Clinical Psychologist within the Social Communication and Autism Spectrum Service at Great Ormond Street Hospital specialising in second opinion and complex assessments.
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Photo of Rebecca James, Psychotherapist
Rebecca James
Psychotherapist
Do you find yourself thinking: “I’m tired all the time.” “I should be able to push through.” “I can’t relax.” “I overthink everything.” “I don’t know who I am anymore.” “I don’t feel safe.” “What’s wrong with me?” Integrative Yoga/Somatic Psychotherapy is a whole person therapeutic approach that can provide a compassionate space for exploring these questions helping, you to improve mental, emotional, and physical wellbeing. I have a particular interest in working with people who experience persistent pain or are living with a chronic health condition. I also have experience working with anxiety, depression, PTSD & c-PTSD.
Do you find yourself thinking: “I’m tired all the time.” “I should be able to push through.” “I can’t relax.” “I overthink everything.” “I don’t know who I am anymore.” “I don’t feel safe.” “What’s wrong with me?” Integrative Yoga/Somatic Psychotherapy is a whole person therapeutic approach that can provide a compassionate space for exploring these questions helping, you to improve mental, emotional, and physical wellbeing. I have a particular interest in working with people who experience persistent pain or are living with a chronic health condition. I also have experience working with anxiety, depression, PTSD & c-PTSD.
01256 438269 View 01256 438269
Photo of Ellie Strange, Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
Ellie Strange
Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
Serves Area
Ellie has worked over the last 8 years within the charity sector and the NHS working with clients through the ages of 17-75. She has trained in Art Psychotherapy with an integrative approach, meaning that she can tailor therapy to meet your needs and who you are. An integrative approach can be used to treat any number of psychological problems and disorders, including abuse, trauma, depression, anxiety and personality disorders. I work online and face to face. My face-to-face days are Tuesday and Wednesday's in Twyford near Winchester.
Ellie has worked over the last 8 years within the charity sector and the NHS working with clients through the ages of 17-75. She has trained in Art Psychotherapy with an integrative approach, meaning that she can tailor therapy to meet your needs and who you are. An integrative approach can be used to treat any number of psychological problems and disorders, including abuse, trauma, depression, anxiety and personality disorders. I work online and face to face. My face-to-face days are Tuesday and Wednesday's in Twyford near Winchester.
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Photo of David Chidgey, Counsellor, BPC
David Chidgey
Counsellor, BPC
Serves Area
I am a Psychodynamic Counsellor working in Hampshire. If you are experiencing issues with anxiety, depression, stress, bereavement, abuse, relationship issues or a lack of confidence, I offer counselling where together we can get to the bottom of your difficulties and help you to understand yourself more clearly. Psychodynamic Counselling can provide you with a confidential, non-judgemental 'space' to reflect upon and work through the issues you are facing. Counselling requires commitment from us both, but gradually, over time, it can be a rewarding way to enable you to manage the issues that life throws your way.
I am a Psychodynamic Counsellor working in Hampshire. If you are experiencing issues with anxiety, depression, stress, bereavement, abuse, relationship issues or a lack of confidence, I offer counselling where together we can get to the bottom of your difficulties and help you to understand yourself more clearly. Psychodynamic Counselling can provide you with a confidential, non-judgemental 'space' to reflect upon and work through the issues you are facing. Counselling requires commitment from us both, but gradually, over time, it can be a rewarding way to enable you to manage the issues that life throws your way.
01962 392333 View 01962 392333
Photo of Lucy Walthoe, Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Lucy Walthoe
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Are you struggling emotionally? I offer a warm, dedicated relationship where you are safe to be vulnerable and find your way through. You may be recovering from trauma, loss or relationship difficulty and need support. Perhaps you have concerns about your mental health, mood and emotions that you would like to understand and overcome. Or maybe you feel burdened by distressing coping behaviours, or unresolved past hurts, that leave you feeling isolated and misunderstood. If this resonates, I invite you to reach out. As a Humanistic therapist I believe we can move past your distress together, restoring your natural capacity to thrive
Are you struggling emotionally? I offer a warm, dedicated relationship where you are safe to be vulnerable and find your way through. You may be recovering from trauma, loss or relationship difficulty and need support. Perhaps you have concerns about your mental health, mood and emotions that you would like to understand and overcome. Or maybe you feel burdened by distressing coping behaviours, or unresolved past hurts, that leave you feeling isolated and misunderstood. If this resonates, I invite you to reach out. As a Humanistic therapist I believe we can move past your distress together, restoring your natural capacity to thrive
01962 571656 View 01962 571656
Photo of Gilly Dowthwaite Wells, Psychotherapist, MBACP Snr. Accred
Gilly Dowthwaite Wells
Psychotherapist, MBACP Snr. Accred
Serves Area
INITIAL CONSULTATION! For individuals, couples, and adolescents. Relationship Specialist, Experienced Counsellor, Psychotherapist, Supervisor and Mindfulness Coach. I coach the leadership team at the NHS and previously a therapist with the NHS, Relate, and CAMHS. Based at The Friarsgate GP Surgery and my home practice counselling for a range of issues including anxiety, relationship issues, low self esteem, abuse, trauma, bereavement, depression, addictions, infertility and have many years experience. I offer a confidential safe, trusting environment for you to explore your issues and find a way forward.
INITIAL CONSULTATION! For individuals, couples, and adolescents. Relationship Specialist, Experienced Counsellor, Psychotherapist, Supervisor and Mindfulness Coach. I coach the leadership team at the NHS and previously a therapist with the NHS, Relate, and CAMHS. Based at The Friarsgate GP Surgery and my home practice counselling for a range of issues including anxiety, relationship issues, low self esteem, abuse, trauma, bereavement, depression, addictions, infertility and have many years experience. I offer a confidential safe, trusting environment for you to explore your issues and find a way forward.
01962 571706 View 01962 571706

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in SO22

40+

Average cost per session

£65

Counsellors in SO22 who prioritize treating:

94% Depression
91% Anxiety
85% Self Esteem
83% Relationship Issues
83% Stress
70% Bereavement
68% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

7 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

91% AXA PPP
82% Bupa
82% Aviva

How Counsellors in SO22 see their clients

94% In Person and Online
6% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
21% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in SO22?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.