Counselling in SN15

Photo of Nicola Smart - Nicola Smart, Counsellor, MBACP
Nicola Smart
Counsellor, MBACP
Whatever has brought you here, reaching out for counselling can feel daunting - especially when life feels overwhelming, uncertain, or stuck. I work with adults who come to therapy for many different reasons. You may be facing something specific, have struggles with your mental health, going through a period of change, or simply sensing that something doesn’t feel quite right. Whatever your starting point, we can take time to explore what’s happening for you, gently and at your own pace, in a way that feels supportive and meaningful.
Whatever has brought you here, reaching out for counselling can feel daunting - especially when life feels overwhelming, uncertain, or stuck. I work with adults who come to therapy for many different reasons. You may be facing something specific, have struggles with your mental health, going through a period of change, or simply sensing that something doesn’t feel quite right. Whatever your starting point, we can take time to explore what’s happening for you, gently and at your own pace, in a way that feels supportive and meaningful.
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Photo of Jamie Smithson, Counsellor, MA, MUKCP
Jamie Smithson
Counsellor, MA, MUKCP
There are many reasons we seek counselling throughout life. Perhaps you’re feeling sad, depressed, or anxious. Maybe you're going through loss or bereavement, struggling with anger or battling addictions. Or maybe you just don't feel yourself! Whatever it is you bring to counselling, I offer a confidential, non-judgemental and compassionate space to explore, unpack and work through the challenges you are facing.
There are many reasons we seek counselling throughout life. Perhaps you’re feeling sad, depressed, or anxious. Maybe you're going through loss or bereavement, struggling with anger or battling addictions. Or maybe you just don't feel yourself! Whatever it is you bring to counselling, I offer a confidential, non-judgemental and compassionate space to explore, unpack and work through the challenges you are facing.
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Photo of Rupert Crockett, Psychotherapist, MNCPS Acc.
Rupert Crockett
Psychotherapist, MNCPS Acc.
Have you been trying to work through problems by yourself or trying to cope with distressing events that just don't seem to go away? There are times when we all need support and someone to talk to, this often helps to bring new insight and perspective. Would you like to learn to better deal with a situation or problem? Would you like not just to be able to cope but really let go mentally and physically of that distressing event/trauma memory that just keeps you stuck in a negative patten of thinking and feeling. Maybe all you want is to just feel better or have more control and direction in your life. the answer is YES you can.
Have you been trying to work through problems by yourself or trying to cope with distressing events that just don't seem to go away? There are times when we all need support and someone to talk to, this often helps to bring new insight and perspective. Would you like to learn to better deal with a situation or problem? Would you like not just to be able to cope but really let go mentally and physically of that distressing event/trauma memory that just keeps you stuck in a negative patten of thinking and feeling. Maybe all you want is to just feel better or have more control and direction in your life. the answer is YES you can.
01249 477756 View 01249 477756
Photo of Thea Gibbings
Thea Gibbings
Verified Verified
My name's Thea and I provide Eye movement Desensitiation Reprocessing (EMDR) and Solution Focused Hypnotherapy to help individuals overcome a range of mental health issues. This includes historic and/or recent trauma that could be causing you anxiety, depression, PTSD symptoms and more. My approach is tailored to your unique needs and goals, and my aim is to help you to achieve lasting positive change in your life.
My name's Thea and I provide Eye movement Desensitiation Reprocessing (EMDR) and Solution Focused Hypnotherapy to help individuals overcome a range of mental health issues. This includes historic and/or recent trauma that could be causing you anxiety, depression, PTSD symptoms and more. My approach is tailored to your unique needs and goals, and my aim is to help you to achieve lasting positive change in your life.
01666 337140 View 01666 337140
Photo of Dr Neil Clapton, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Neil Clapton
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
I am a friendly experienced Clinical Psychologist (HCPC registered) with extensive training, prolonged practice and expertise in a number of therapeutic models including Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), specializing in Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT) and Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT). My clinical training and many years of clinical practice mean I am equipped to help people with a wide range of emotional and psychological difficulties, including anxiety, depression, stress, low self-esteem/self-worth, relationship difficulties, and more complex presentations such as personality disorders and trauma (e.g. PTSD, cPTSD).
I am a friendly experienced Clinical Psychologist (HCPC registered) with extensive training, prolonged practice and expertise in a number of therapeutic models including Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), specializing in Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT) and Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT). My clinical training and many years of clinical practice mean I am equipped to help people with a wide range of emotional and psychological difficulties, including anxiety, depression, stress, low self-esteem/self-worth, relationship difficulties, and more complex presentations such as personality disorders and trauma (e.g. PTSD, cPTSD).
01249 475118 View 01249 475118
Photo of Katy Plowright, Counsellor, MBACP
Katy Plowright
Counsellor, MBACP
We can all struggle and sometimes it's difficult to stop and notice what’s not working for us. We can fall into repeating cycles of damaging or unhelpful habits, behaviors, and relationships. We can hold a negative belief system about ourselves which impacts our confidence and forms low self esteem. So if you feel like you’re surviving, not thriving; if you're feeling anxious & have low mood / depression; if you're having intrusive thoughts or wondering if you're experiencing OCD; if you're finding your work or home life stressful; if you’re dealing with family or relationship issues; if you're just not happy...I can help!
We can all struggle and sometimes it's difficult to stop and notice what’s not working for us. We can fall into repeating cycles of damaging or unhelpful habits, behaviors, and relationships. We can hold a negative belief system about ourselves which impacts our confidence and forms low self esteem. So if you feel like you’re surviving, not thriving; if you're feeling anxious & have low mood / depression; if you're having intrusive thoughts or wondering if you're experiencing OCD; if you're finding your work or home life stressful; if you’re dealing with family or relationship issues; if you're just not happy...I can help!
07788 644333 View 07788 644333
Photo of Aggie Mendieta, Psychologist, DCounsPsych
Aggie Mendieta
Psychologist, DCounsPsych
I’m a Chartered Psychologist and Neurodiversity Specialist offering therapy and coaching to adults and young people (17+). I support a wide range of difficulties, including anxiety, stress, low mood/depression, long-term physical health conditions (such as Long Covid and CFS/ME), weight management and bariatric surgery, emotion regulation, and the strengths and challenges of neurodiversity amongst others.
I’m a Chartered Psychologist and Neurodiversity Specialist offering therapy and coaching to adults and young people (17+). I support a wide range of difficulties, including anxiety, stress, low mood/depression, long-term physical health conditions (such as Long Covid and CFS/ME), weight management and bariatric surgery, emotion regulation, and the strengths and challenges of neurodiversity amongst others.
01666 330994 View 01666 330994
Photo of Louise Blake, Counsellor, MBACP
Louise Blake
Counsellor, MBACP
I support individuals facing a wide range of difficulties and who are seeking meaningful and lasting change. Each person I work with brings a unique and deeply personal set of reasons for engaging in therapy, whether it be managing symptoms of anxiety or depression, navigating complex or challenging relationships, coping with significant life transitions, or experiencing a pervasive sense of dissatisfaction that may be difficult to articulate. My approach is integrative, and I offer a kind, welcoming, supportive and encouraging space, where together we can be brave and face the difficult things in your life
I support individuals facing a wide range of difficulties and who are seeking meaningful and lasting change. Each person I work with brings a unique and deeply personal set of reasons for engaging in therapy, whether it be managing symptoms of anxiety or depression, navigating complex or challenging relationships, coping with significant life transitions, or experiencing a pervasive sense of dissatisfaction that may be difficult to articulate. My approach is integrative, and I offer a kind, welcoming, supportive and encouraging space, where together we can be brave and face the difficult things in your life
01249 471450 View 01249 471450
Photo of Isabel Tate, Counsellor, MBACP
Isabel Tate
Counsellor, MBACP
1 Endorsed
We all have a unique history that shapes us and our lives. Life is all about change and transition. Transitioning from one age and stage to another, from childhood to old age. These inevitable transitions bring change for example, marriage/relationships, friendships, pregnancy/parenting, career change/loss, bereavement, and illness. Although change is inevitable it is not always easy, so exploring your thoughts and feelings about whatever the situation is now or in the past, gives you space to process, understand the impact for you, with the opportunity for new insights and perspectives allowing you to move forward more positively.
We all have a unique history that shapes us and our lives. Life is all about change and transition. Transitioning from one age and stage to another, from childhood to old age. These inevitable transitions bring change for example, marriage/relationships, friendships, pregnancy/parenting, career change/loss, bereavement, and illness. Although change is inevitable it is not always easy, so exploring your thoughts and feelings about whatever the situation is now or in the past, gives you space to process, understand the impact for you, with the opportunity for new insights and perspectives allowing you to move forward more positively.
01249 479065 View 01249 479065
Photo of Hannah Donovan, Counsellor, MBACP
Hannah Donovan
Counsellor, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Hi, I'm Hannah. I'm an integrative counsellor, meaning that I blend elements of different therapeutic models, to form a tailored and unique approach, to suit individual needs and goals. Everything about you is unique, including your life experiences and your preferences for how you like to work, and so if you choose to work with me, then creating a tailored approach, and focusing on understanding and meeting your individual needs, will be my priority.​ I offer a safe, confidential and supportive space, where you can simply just be you, and in which we can together, explore difficulties that you may be experiencing
Hi, I'm Hannah. I'm an integrative counsellor, meaning that I blend elements of different therapeutic models, to form a tailored and unique approach, to suit individual needs and goals. Everything about you is unique, including your life experiences and your preferences for how you like to work, and so if you choose to work with me, then creating a tailored approach, and focusing on understanding and meeting your individual needs, will be my priority.​ I offer a safe, confidential and supportive space, where you can simply just be you, and in which we can together, explore difficulties that you may be experiencing
01480 279129 View 01480 279129
Photo of Rachael Trainor, Counsellor, MBACP
Rachael Trainor
Counsellor, MBACP
At certain times in life, we may find ourselves struggling, feeling overwhelmed, anxious, confused, stuck, numb, or low. These experiences can stretch our capacity to cope and leave us feeling far from the life we want to lead. Reaching out for support in such moments is both understandable and courageous. You may be navigating relationship difficulties, low self-esteem, grief and loss, or the lasting effects of trauma. Or perhaps you're not quite sure what's wrong, only that things don’t feel right. Whatever you're experiencing, it’s valid, and we can explore it together.
At certain times in life, we may find ourselves struggling, feeling overwhelmed, anxious, confused, stuck, numb, or low. These experiences can stretch our capacity to cope and leave us feeling far from the life we want to lead. Reaching out for support in such moments is both understandable and courageous. You may be navigating relationship difficulties, low self-esteem, grief and loss, or the lasting effects of trauma. Or perhaps you're not quite sure what's wrong, only that things don’t feel right. Whatever you're experiencing, it’s valid, and we can explore it together.
01249 477634 View 01249 477634
Photo of Nicholas joseph Bresler, Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Nicholas joseph Bresler
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Hi my name is Nick and as a qualified counsellor and psychotherapist, since 2008, have been helping individuals who have struggled with feeling of low moods and self esteem, sadness, stress, loneliness, relationship breakdowns and problems with intimacy as well as work related stress. Along with a range of issues from addiction, mental illness, abuse, including domestic violence and other traumas. I offer therapy, both short and long term basis in Devizes, Swindon, Bath and Chippenham. My practice is open office hours weekday including evenings and Saturday daytime. Each session lasts 50 minutes and my normal fee is from £50.
Hi my name is Nick and as a qualified counsellor and psychotherapist, since 2008, have been helping individuals who have struggled with feeling of low moods and self esteem, sadness, stress, loneliness, relationship breakdowns and problems with intimacy as well as work related stress. Along with a range of issues from addiction, mental illness, abuse, including domestic violence and other traumas. I offer therapy, both short and long term basis in Devizes, Swindon, Bath and Chippenham. My practice is open office hours weekday including evenings and Saturday daytime. Each session lasts 50 minutes and my normal fee is from £50.
01380 717066 View 01380 717066
Photo of Guy Phillipps, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Guy Phillipps
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
1 Endorsed
Are you feeling overwhelmed by challenges in your life? Perhaps you feel disconnected and powerless? You may be struggling with anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, relationship or work difficulties, loss, burnout, neurodiversity or something less definable - perhaps just a sense that something is not right for you. You might feel stuck or unsure how to move forward and there could be a longing for understanding, acceptance, and a sense of peace? Maybe you are searching for clarity and confidence — to feel heard and valued? Whatever your difficulty is, and no matter how big or small it seems, I am here to help you.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by challenges in your life? Perhaps you feel disconnected and powerless? You may be struggling with anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, relationship or work difficulties, loss, burnout, neurodiversity or something less definable - perhaps just a sense that something is not right for you. You might feel stuck or unsure how to move forward and there could be a longing for understanding, acceptance, and a sense of peace? Maybe you are searching for clarity and confidence — to feel heard and valued? Whatever your difficulty is, and no matter how big or small it seems, I am here to help you.
07867 538820 View 07867 538820
Photo of Rachael Blackmore, Counsellor, MBACP
Rachael Blackmore
Counsellor, MBACP
1 Endorsed
I understand that sometimes life feels too difficult . You might be having some trouble in a relationship, feel unhappy or stressed at work, or perhaps something from your past is affecting your life today. Whatever it is, I provide a safe, warm place in which you can talk things through in confidence, where you will be listened to with compassion, understanding and without judgement. I believe in the power of relationship: building a relationship with you where trust and acceptance facilitate open communication about the things that are troubling you. I offer face to face counselling in Chippenham or via video, telephone & IM.
I understand that sometimes life feels too difficult . You might be having some trouble in a relationship, feel unhappy or stressed at work, or perhaps something from your past is affecting your life today. Whatever it is, I provide a safe, warm place in which you can talk things through in confidence, where you will be listened to with compassion, understanding and without judgement. I believe in the power of relationship: building a relationship with you where trust and acceptance facilitate open communication about the things that are troubling you. I offer face to face counselling in Chippenham or via video, telephone & IM.
01225 982556 View 01225 982556
Photo of Naomi Greenwood, Psychotherapist, UKCP Trainee
Naomi Greenwood
Psychotherapist, UKCP Trainee
Our true nature is free, flowing, wild and energetic. Childhood traumas create defences, because our survival instinct was so strong it protected us at all costs. The cost is our experience now, disconnection from our-self, our body, others, life. Resulting in difficult relationships, low self-esteem, anxiety, depression and self harming behaviors. The decision to come to therapy is a brave one, it is a statement to yourself and the Universe that you no longer want to just survive, but to live with more ease, connection and aliveness. The therapeutic relationship encourages this life force energy, giving space for wholeness to grow.
Our true nature is free, flowing, wild and energetic. Childhood traumas create defences, because our survival instinct was so strong it protected us at all costs. The cost is our experience now, disconnection from our-self, our body, others, life. Resulting in difficult relationships, low self-esteem, anxiety, depression and self harming behaviors. The decision to come to therapy is a brave one, it is a statement to yourself and the Universe that you no longer want to just survive, but to live with more ease, connection and aliveness. The therapeutic relationship encourages this life force energy, giving space for wholeness to grow.
01225 435184 View 01225 435184
Photo of Theresa Bell, Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Theresa Bell
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Serves Area
I offer Clinical Supervision and Counselling. My background is in education, providing support for students from Primary, Secondary, Sixth Form/College, and University. While working with a diverse range of people, I have received specialist training for working with students and adults with Autism, ADHD, Asperger's and challenging behaviour. I have also previously worked in a Specialist Autistic (SRP) unit. I also work with adults and those that have received a late diagnosis to help accept, adjust and make sense of this impact on their lives and that of their family.
I offer Clinical Supervision and Counselling. My background is in education, providing support for students from Primary, Secondary, Sixth Form/College, and University. While working with a diverse range of people, I have received specialist training for working with students and adults with Autism, ADHD, Asperger's and challenging behaviour. I have also previously worked in a Specialist Autistic (SRP) unit. I also work with adults and those that have received a late diagnosis to help accept, adjust and make sense of this impact on their lives and that of their family.
01793 379659 View 01793 379659
Photo of Dr Isobel Scaife, Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Dr Isobel Scaife
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Serves Area
As a Counselling Psychologist, registered with the HCPC, I recognise that there is not one approach to therapy that will suit everyone. Taking the first step to access therapy can be a nerve-wracking process. The most important indicator of therapeutic success is the relationship between client and therapist so do get in touch for a free phone consultation to see if I am the right therapist for you.
As a Counselling Psychologist, registered with the HCPC, I recognise that there is not one approach to therapy that will suit everyone. Taking the first step to access therapy can be a nerve-wracking process. The most important indicator of therapeutic success is the relationship between client and therapist so do get in touch for a free phone consultation to see if I am the right therapist for you.
01249 477442 View 01249 477442
Photo of Dr Emma Hartley, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Emma Hartley
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
3 Endorsed
Serves Area
I specialise in EMDR and Trauma Focused Interventions. I have specific expertise in working with people with trauma related conditions such as PTSD, childhood trauma, domestic violence, dissociative difficulties and psychosis. I offer an integrative approach to therapy drawing heavily on attachment and trauma- informed ways of understanding how difficulties in the here and now often have their origins in earlier life experiences. I believe that effective therapy should be empowering, focused and meaningful and built upon the foundation of a strong therapeutic relationship.
I specialise in EMDR and Trauma Focused Interventions. I have specific expertise in working with people with trauma related conditions such as PTSD, childhood trauma, domestic violence, dissociative difficulties and psychosis. I offer an integrative approach to therapy drawing heavily on attachment and trauma- informed ways of understanding how difficulties in the here and now often have their origins in earlier life experiences. I believe that effective therapy should be empowering, focused and meaningful and built upon the foundation of a strong therapeutic relationship.
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Photo of Dr Lucinda Stirton, Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Dr Lucinda Stirton
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Serves Area
Life can be difficult, and humans are complex beings. It’s not surprising we can end up feeling unhappy, lost or overwhelmed. Dealing with emotions is an important part of self-care and counselling can equip you with the awareness and tools to be kinder to yourself. People often choose to have therapy when things go wrong, but you don’t have to be in crisis.
Life can be difficult, and humans are complex beings. It’s not surprising we can end up feeling unhappy, lost or overwhelmed. Dealing with emotions is an important part of self-care and counselling can equip you with the awareness and tools to be kinder to yourself. People often choose to have therapy when things go wrong, but you don’t have to be in crisis.
01793 569637 View 01793 569637
Photo of Michael Blakeborough, Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Michael Blakeborough
Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Serves Area
I often work with presentations of anxiety, depression, self identity and relationships. Like all psychotherapists, my approach to providing counselling is unique. I am trained as an integrative psychotherapist in both individual and relationship work. I pull from a large toolbox of theory and skills that I will tailor to you as we move forwards with your psychotherapy, including the person centered, psychodynamic, psychosynthesis and gestalt approaches, and in my relationship work, relational life therapy and imago. These are just a small sample of the modalities I use in my work.
I often work with presentations of anxiety, depression, self identity and relationships. Like all psychotherapists, my approach to providing counselling is unique. I am trained as an integrative psychotherapist in both individual and relationship work. I pull from a large toolbox of theory and skills that I will tailor to you as we move forwards with your psychotherapy, including the person centered, psychodynamic, psychosynthesis and gestalt approaches, and in my relationship work, relational life therapy and imago. These are just a small sample of the modalities I use in my work.
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How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in SN15

20+

Average cost per session

£60

Counsellors in SN15 who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
89% Self Esteem
85% Stress
74% Relationship Issues
67% Coping Skills
59% Bereavement

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% AXA PPP
83% Bupa
67% Aviva

How Counsellors in SN15 see their clients

93% In Person and Online
7% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
24% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in SN15?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.