Counselling in Milltimber

Photo of Dr Amber Keenan, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Amber Keenan
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Serves Area
I am a neurodiversity-affirming clinical psychologist and gender specialist. I work collaboratively with people who wish to gain a better understanding of their identity. I encourage people to understand these differences, learn to embrace them, and move forward from “stuck” places. Such experiences may include neurodivergence, gender differences, diagnosable mental health problems, interpersonal difficulties or existential crises. Therapy will help you process your distress and build the skills to manage these difficulties so that you can live a fuller, happier life.
I am a neurodiversity-affirming clinical psychologist and gender specialist. I work collaboratively with people who wish to gain a better understanding of their identity. I encourage people to understand these differences, learn to embrace them, and move forward from “stuck” places. Such experiences may include neurodivergence, gender differences, diagnosable mental health problems, interpersonal difficulties or existential crises. Therapy will help you process your distress and build the skills to manage these difficulties so that you can live a fuller, happier life.
01651 267256 View 01651 267256
Photo of Susan McQuaker, Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Drama Therap.
Susan McQuaker
Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Drama Therap.
Serves Area
Hello, I am a Psychotherapist, EMDR practitioner, Dramatherapist and Clinical Supervisor. In therapy, participants are supported to use creative expression to set goals, solve problems, express feelings and achieve improved mental health. Together in therapy there will be opportunities to consider how your personal life informs the way you experience the world. My work is influenced by trauma-informed approaches, which allow us to look at ourselves and understand why we may suffer. I am also a qualified secondary school teacher with extensive experience of working with people with trauma, autism, ADHD, anxiety, bereavement and loss.
Hello, I am a Psychotherapist, EMDR practitioner, Dramatherapist and Clinical Supervisor. In therapy, participants are supported to use creative expression to set goals, solve problems, express feelings and achieve improved mental health. Together in therapy there will be opportunities to consider how your personal life informs the way you experience the world. My work is influenced by trauma-informed approaches, which allow us to look at ourselves and understand why we may suffer. I am also a qualified secondary school teacher with extensive experience of working with people with trauma, autism, ADHD, anxiety, bereavement and loss.
01224 007453 View 01224 007453
Photo of Joanne Stockwell, Counsellor, MSc, MCOSCA
Joanne Stockwell
Counsellor, MSc, MCOSCA
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
Hello, I offer a compassionate, collaborative and flexible approach to counselling to help you navigate life's challenges. Whether you're feeling overwhelmed, stuck or simply want to understand yourself better, I can help with a range of issues - including depression, anxiety, loss, grief, trauma, childhood experiences, relationship issues, stress and burnout. What you can expect: - a safe, confidential and non-judgemental environment; - deep listening with genuine care and empathy; - support tailored to your unique needs; - a partnership that values your autonomy and where your voice leads the way.
Hello, I offer a compassionate, collaborative and flexible approach to counselling to help you navigate life's challenges. Whether you're feeling overwhelmed, stuck or simply want to understand yourself better, I can help with a range of issues - including depression, anxiety, loss, grief, trauma, childhood experiences, relationship issues, stress and burnout. What you can expect: - a safe, confidential and non-judgemental environment; - deep listening with genuine care and empathy; - support tailored to your unique needs; - a partnership that values your autonomy and where your voice leads the way.
01224 007987 View 01224 007987
Photo of Claire Miller, Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Claire Miller
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Serves Area
I specialise in helping adults and teens struggling with anxiety, OCD, phobias and neurodiversity-related challenges. If you feel stuck in patterns of worry, overwhelm, or unhelpful habits I can help you to break free from self-doubt and build healthier coping skills. Using CBT and ACT, I provide a supportive space to help you manage emotions, build resilience, and move forward in life with confidence. I also provide Couples / Relationship counselling, and work with partners, family members and other important relationships. Counselling sessions are held in person in Aberdeen and online throughout the UK.
I specialise in helping adults and teens struggling with anxiety, OCD, phobias and neurodiversity-related challenges. If you feel stuck in patterns of worry, overwhelm, or unhelpful habits I can help you to break free from self-doubt and build healthier coping skills. Using CBT and ACT, I provide a supportive space to help you manage emotions, build resilience, and move forward in life with confidence. I also provide Couples / Relationship counselling, and work with partners, family members and other important relationships. Counselling sessions are held in person in Aberdeen and online throughout the UK.
01224 007578 View 01224 007578

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Maya Tomse, Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Maya Tomse
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Online Only
Living with neurodiversity like ADHD, Autism, learning differences, OCD etc. can bring both unique strengths and daily challenges. Anxiety, stress, and relationship struggles are common, leaving many individuals, couples, and families feeling stuck. I understand this deeply—not only through years of professional training but also from my own life in a neurodivergent family. In therapy, I offer a safe, supportive space to explore how neurodivergence shapes communication, intimacy, and family dynamics.
Living with neurodiversity like ADHD, Autism, learning differences, OCD etc. can bring both unique strengths and daily challenges. Anxiety, stress, and relationship struggles are common, leaving many individuals, couples, and families feeling stuck. I understand this deeply—not only through years of professional training but also from my own life in a neurodivergent family. In therapy, I offer a safe, supportive space to explore how neurodivergence shapes communication, intimacy, and family dynamics.
0131 297 6069 View 0131 297 6069
Photo of Alicja Krol, Counsellor, MBACP
Alicja Krol
Counsellor, MBACP
Aberdeen AB10
In my work, I am particularly passionate about supporting and empowering women through different stages of life. This includes working with neurodiversity, crisis and major life transitions, relationships with self and others, addiction, childhood trauma, and issues around self-esteem and emotional regulation. I also have a strong interest in supporting women with parental challenges, postnatal depression, lone parenting, and the complex emotional experiences that can arise around fertility, sexuality, hormones, perimenopause, and menopause.
In my work, I am particularly passionate about supporting and empowering women through different stages of life. This includes working with neurodiversity, crisis and major life transitions, relationships with self and others, addiction, childhood trauma, and issues around self-esteem and emotional regulation. I also have a strong interest in supporting women with parental challenges, postnatal depression, lone parenting, and the complex emotional experiences that can arise around fertility, sexuality, hormones, perimenopause, and menopause.
01224 079593 View 01224 079593
Photo of John Soutar, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
John Soutar
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I am a compassionate and empathetic practitioner and tailor my therapeutic approach to meet your individual needs and preferences. I prefer to discuss the range of suitable therapies available to you to enable collaborative decisions around which approach would work best for any difficulty or situation. I prefer to work with adults from 16 years onwards. I place great importance on recognising the uniqueness of each individual and take care in building rapport a to engender a supportive working relationship.
I am a compassionate and empathetic practitioner and tailor my therapeutic approach to meet your individual needs and preferences. I prefer to discuss the range of suitable therapies available to you to enable collaborative decisions around which approach would work best for any difficulty or situation. I prefer to work with adults from 16 years onwards. I place great importance on recognising the uniqueness of each individual and take care in building rapport a to engender a supportive working relationship.
01674 907742 View 01674 907742
Photo of Rhona Gough, Counsellor, MBACP
Rhona Gough
Counsellor, MBACP
Aberdeen AB15
Life can bring loss, change and many challenges, and it is understandable that at times we might look for support in facing them. I aim to provide a safe confidential space to help you on your journey of self discovery; to enable you to examine your life and make new meaningful choices within it. I offer counselling to adults and young people, meeting face-to-face, by telephone and online, which enables those at a geographic distance to connect with me. I also work for Aberdeen University offering counselling and facilitating psychoeducational workshops to the wider university community.
Life can bring loss, change and many challenges, and it is understandable that at times we might look for support in facing them. I aim to provide a safe confidential space to help you on your journey of self discovery; to enable you to examine your life and make new meaningful choices within it. I offer counselling to adults and young people, meeting face-to-face, by telephone and online, which enables those at a geographic distance to connect with me. I also work for Aberdeen University offering counselling and facilitating psychoeducational workshops to the wider university community.
01224 007175 View 01224 007175
Photo of Julia Kohnert, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Julia Kohnert
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Online Only
Hello, My name's Julia. I am a person centred therapist; couselling psychologist, couple’s counsellor and trauma specialist. I trained at the University of East Anglia in 2000 and have worked as a therapist, trainer and supervisor in the UK and overseas. I re-trained at the University of Leiden as a psychologist. For 15 years I was in private practice in the Netherlands and also worked on for a number of international organisations supporting victims of war crimes. Since returning to the UK I have been working as a couple’s couples counsellor with the relationship specialists Relate; at a rape crisis centre and in private practice.
Hello, My name's Julia. I am a person centred therapist; couselling psychologist, couple’s counsellor and trauma specialist. I trained at the University of East Anglia in 2000 and have worked as a therapist, trainer and supervisor in the UK and overseas. I re-trained at the University of Leiden as a psychologist. For 15 years I was in private practice in the Netherlands and also worked on for a number of international organisations supporting victims of war crimes. Since returning to the UK I have been working as a couple’s couples counsellor with the relationship specialists Relate; at a rape crisis centre and in private practice.
020 3879 4197 View 020 3879 4197
Photo of Lynn Hunter, Counsellor, MBACP
Lynn Hunter
Counsellor, MBACP
Online Only
I offer therapy to individuals and couples who want to explore the issues affecting their relationships or causing distress in other areas of their lives. We can often feel we are not heard or understood by those around us. You may have grown up in an environment where expressing feelings was not encouraged or may have felt unsafe. You may be struggling with low self esteem or acceptance. Perhaps you don't feel valued or cherished in your relationship. I will help you explore the reasons behind this and work towards changing how you relate to others and more importantly, to yourself .
I offer therapy to individuals and couples who want to explore the issues affecting their relationships or causing distress in other areas of their lives. We can often feel we are not heard or understood by those around us. You may have grown up in an environment where expressing feelings was not encouraged or may have felt unsafe. You may be struggling with low self esteem or acceptance. Perhaps you don't feel valued or cherished in your relationship. I will help you explore the reasons behind this and work towards changing how you relate to others and more importantly, to yourself .
0131 510 4413 View 0131 510 4413
Photo of Dr Vivian Tu, Psychotherapist, PhD, MBACP
Dr Vivian Tu
Psychotherapist, PhD, MBACP
Aberdeen AB10
Are you feeling trapped, stuck and finding it difficult to get out of bed in the morning? The daily life feels tasteless and numb to you. You seem to remember who you used to be, but who you are, at this stage, uneasy, emotional, is very foreign to you. On the counselling journey with me, I will explore and assist you to trace down to the rootcauses of these symptoms (e.g. palpitations, panic, low mood, anger), and release the stuck parts in you from the past memories and present experiences.
Are you feeling trapped, stuck and finding it difficult to get out of bed in the morning? The daily life feels tasteless and numb to you. You seem to remember who you used to be, but who you are, at this stage, uneasy, emotional, is very foreign to you. On the counselling journey with me, I will explore and assist you to trace down to the rootcauses of these symptoms (e.g. palpitations, panic, low mood, anger), and release the stuck parts in you from the past memories and present experiences.
01224 007094 View 01224 007094
Photo of Anna Blyth Ortega, Psychologist, MSc, CPsychol
Anna Blyth Ortega
Psychologist, MSc, CPsychol
Serves Area
It can be difficult to get help, or even know where to start. In the midst of life's challenges, finding the right support is crucial. Whether you're facing specific issues like anxiety or depression stemming from a chronic health condition, or simply seeking personal growth, I am here to guide you.
It can be difficult to get help, or even know where to start. In the midst of life's challenges, finding the right support is crucial. Whether you're facing specific issues like anxiety or depression stemming from a chronic health condition, or simply seeking personal growth, I am here to guide you.
020 3031 1240 View 020 3031 1240
Photo of Melanie Carr, Counsellor, MCOSCA
Melanie Carr
Counsellor, MCOSCA
2 Endorsed
Aberdeen AB15
You may feel overwhelmed, stuck, or lost, struggling with anxiety, trauma, family difficulties, self doubt, or the impact of life’s challenges. Perhaps you are facing a major change, coping with loss, finding relationships hard, or trying to understand yourself more clearly. I work with adults and young people aged 13 and over, offering support with warmth, care, and respect. I offer a calm, down to earth space where you can explore your thoughts and feelings without judgement.
You may feel overwhelmed, stuck, or lost, struggling with anxiety, trauma, family difficulties, self doubt, or the impact of life’s challenges. Perhaps you are facing a major change, coping with loss, finding relationships hard, or trying to understand yourself more clearly. I work with adults and young people aged 13 and over, offering support with warmth, care, and respect. I offer a calm, down to earth space where you can explore your thoughts and feelings without judgement.
01224 007538 View 01224 007538
Photo of Dr Ailish Cleghorn, Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Ailish Cleghorn
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I am a Consultant Clinical Psychologist and member of Women First Healthcare; a multidisciplinary team of professionals who provide expert, bespoke and compassionate assessment and treatment for the mental health and well-being of women. We work in Partnership with the team at Willow Health - a private specialist menopause clinic in Central Scotland, and in connection with Held in Our Hearts; an organisation offering support to people who have lost a child. I have also trained with the Foundation for Infant Loss, an accredited UK-based organisation that works with families who have experienced infertility, miscarriage and loss.
I am a Consultant Clinical Psychologist and member of Women First Healthcare; a multidisciplinary team of professionals who provide expert, bespoke and compassionate assessment and treatment for the mental health and well-being of women. We work in Partnership with the team at Willow Health - a private specialist menopause clinic in Central Scotland, and in connection with Held in Our Hearts; an organisation offering support to people who have lost a child. I have also trained with the Foundation for Infant Loss, an accredited UK-based organisation that works with families who have experienced infertility, miscarriage and loss.
01764 915888 View 01764 915888
Photo of Alexander James Arthur, Counsellor, BACP
Alexander James Arthur
Counsellor, BACP
Aberdeen AB24
I am a Person-Centred Counsellor. I believe that by exploring our own internal landscape, we can discover how to live in the world as we really are, to be more secure in our choices, and to relate to others in a way that is engaged and authentic – even in an increasingly chaotic and demanding social environment. I don't think we can achieve this by following a set of instructions or by applying a specific theoretical framework. I think, instead, that we must allow our own feelings and recollections to guide us towards meaningful growth. It can be hard to do this on our own.
I am a Person-Centred Counsellor. I believe that by exploring our own internal landscape, we can discover how to live in the world as we really are, to be more secure in our choices, and to relate to others in a way that is engaged and authentic – even in an increasingly chaotic and demanding social environment. I don't think we can achieve this by following a set of instructions or by applying a specific theoretical framework. I think, instead, that we must allow our own feelings and recollections to guide us towards meaningful growth. It can be hard to do this on our own.
01224 079899 View 01224 079899
Photo of Charity Johnstone - TWC Counselling and Wellbeing MBACP, Counsellor, BACP
As an Integrative Counsellor, I’m passionate about supporting individuals from the age of 17 years and above in ways that honour their whole story mind, emotions, relationships, and life experiences. Therapy with me isn’t about fitting you into one approach; it’s about working collaboratively to find what truly helps you grow, heal, and feel empowered. I offer a warm, compassionate space where you can explore your thoughts safely, build self-understanding, and move towards the life and relationships you desire. Every person’s story, identity and life experience is valued. Honour your uniqueness, pace your voice and your voice.
As an Integrative Counsellor, I’m passionate about supporting individuals from the age of 17 years and above in ways that honour their whole story mind, emotions, relationships, and life experiences. Therapy with me isn’t about fitting you into one approach; it’s about working collaboratively to find what truly helps you grow, heal, and feel empowered. I offer a warm, compassionate space where you can explore your thoughts safely, build self-understanding, and move towards the life and relationships you desire. Every person’s story, identity and life experience is valued. Honour your uniqueness, pace your voice and your voice.
01224 007152 View 01224 007152
Photo of Dr Caile Gordon, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Caile Gordon
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
6 Endorsed
Aberdeen AB15
Are you feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or uncertain about your next steps? With over a decade of experience in mental health, I specialise in helping individuals navigate anxiety, trauma, and relationship challenges. Through a compassionate and collaborative approach, I assist clients in understanding their experiences and developing effective coping strategies. Offering online therapy sessions, I am accessible to clients across the UK, providing flexibility and convenience.
Are you feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or uncertain about your next steps? With over a decade of experience in mental health, I specialise in helping individuals navigate anxiety, trauma, and relationship challenges. Through a compassionate and collaborative approach, I assist clients in understanding their experiences and developing effective coping strategies. Offering online therapy sessions, I am accessible to clients across the UK, providing flexibility and convenience.
01224 007991 View 01224 007991
Photo of Tania Thorn - Dr. Thorn: ADHD & Autism assessment & therapy, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr. Thorn: ADHD & Autism assessment & therapy
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I am a neurodivergent, dual-qualified Clinical Psychologist and Family & Couples Therapist with over 30 years' experience. I specialise in adult ADHD & autism and currently work as an NHS Consultant Clinical Psychologist, leading a Scottish neurodevelopmental service alongside private practice. Combining professional and personal experience, I provide comprehensive diagnostic assessments for ADHD & autism using validated assessment tools, clinical interviews and psychological formulation to provide diagnostic clarity, greater understanding and personalised recommendations. I also offer therapy and coaching for neurodivergent adults.
I am a neurodivergent, dual-qualified Clinical Psychologist and Family & Couples Therapist with over 30 years' experience. I specialise in adult ADHD & autism and currently work as an NHS Consultant Clinical Psychologist, leading a Scottish neurodevelopmental service alongside private practice. Combining professional and personal experience, I provide comprehensive diagnostic assessments for ADHD & autism using validated assessment tools, clinical interviews and psychological formulation to provide diagnostic clarity, greater understanding and personalised recommendations. I also offer therapy and coaching for neurodivergent adults.
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Photo of Emma Louise Longhurst, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Emma Louise Longhurst
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Aberdeen AB10
I specialise in various areas, including but not limited to abuse, addiction, anger management, anxiety, bereavement, child-related issues, cultural issues, depression, identity, stress, pregnancy-related issues, relationships, self-esteem, self-harm, spiritual abuse, spirituality, and trauma. My expertise in these areas allows me to tailor therapy to meet the unique needs and goals of each client, promoting their overall well-being and personal development.
I specialise in various areas, including but not limited to abuse, addiction, anger management, anxiety, bereavement, child-related issues, cultural issues, depression, identity, stress, pregnancy-related issues, relationships, self-esteem, self-harm, spiritual abuse, spirituality, and trauma. My expertise in these areas allows me to tailor therapy to meet the unique needs and goals of each client, promoting their overall well-being and personal development.
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Photo of Ruth Cloherty, Counsellor, MBACP
Ruth Cloherty
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
I provide compassionate and non-judgemental support to people experiencing a myriad of symptoms including anxiety, depression, ADHD, low self-esteem, relationship difficulties, family issues and many physical health problems. I provide an up to 30 minute initial chat so that we can both assess if we think we are a good match for you.
I provide compassionate and non-judgemental support to people experiencing a myriad of symptoms including anxiety, depression, ADHD, low self-esteem, relationship difficulties, family issues and many physical health problems. I provide an up to 30 minute initial chat so that we can both assess if we think we are a good match for you.
0131 381 6307 View 0131 381 6307

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Milltimber

< 10

Counsellors in Milltimber who prioritize treating:

100% Depression
100% Anxiety
75% Relationship Issues
75% ADHD
75% Trauma and PTSD
75% Autism
75% Family Conflict

Average years in practice

6 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Aviva
100% AXA PPP
100% WPA

How Counsellors in Milltimber see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

100% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Milltimber?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.