Counselling in Angus

View cities in Angus
Photo of Julie Adamson - Sonas Counselling and Psychotherapy, Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Everyone deserves to feel at their best, to receive support when they require it, without shame. I believe that no one's circumstances are less worthy than others. I work alongside individuals, couples and groups to review their circumstances, reconnect, recover & restore. If you want to thrive, understand & explore your own circumstances better, regain a sense of wellbeing & vitality, (whether working through personal events, managing distress symptoms, relationship setbacks, loss or change), I am here to support your intentions towards development & change. We all could do with a bit of help sometimes, without judgement.
Everyone deserves to feel at their best, to receive support when they require it, without shame. I believe that no one's circumstances are less worthy than others. I work alongside individuals, couples and groups to review their circumstances, reconnect, recover & restore. If you want to thrive, understand & explore your own circumstances better, regain a sense of wellbeing & vitality, (whether working through personal events, managing distress symptoms, relationship setbacks, loss or change), I am here to support your intentions towards development & change. We all could do with a bit of help sometimes, without judgement.
01575 527035 View 01575 527035
Photo of Dr Samantha Baradhi, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Dr Samantha Baradhi
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Dundee DD5
Dr Samantha Baradhi (CPsychol) is a Chartered and HCPC Registered Psychologist and COSRT Accredited Psychosexual Therapist offering psychological therapy and psychosexual therapy to adults, couples and young people above 14 years. As a counselling psychologist her approach is relational and attachment focused. A thorough psychological assessment, a humanistic stance and in-depth formulation underpin the therapy relationship, whilst an integration of therapeutic models allows Samantha to work with each individual's specific needs and goals. She has been established here at The Broughty Practice, Dundee since 2006.
Dr Samantha Baradhi (CPsychol) is a Chartered and HCPC Registered Psychologist and COSRT Accredited Psychosexual Therapist offering psychological therapy and psychosexual therapy to adults, couples and young people above 14 years. As a counselling psychologist her approach is relational and attachment focused. A thorough psychological assessment, a humanistic stance and in-depth formulation underpin the therapy relationship, whilst an integration of therapeutic models allows Samantha to work with each individual's specific needs and goals. She has been established here at The Broughty Practice, Dundee since 2006.
01382 933250 View 01382 933250
Photo of Alison MacLeod, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Alison MacLeod
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Dundee DD5
Life can be a challenge, especially now. As your therapist, I can offer you a secure and trusted space to bring your needs and concerns. I believe that therapy should lead to a “step change” where my clients become able to make an immediate difference to the way they think and their relationships with others. I work to build trust and empathy and strive to understand the world from your perspective. I can help you to understand that small changes to the way you see things can have a major impact on how you feel.
Life can be a challenge, especially now. As your therapist, I can offer you a secure and trusted space to bring your needs and concerns. I believe that therapy should lead to a “step change” where my clients become able to make an immediate difference to the way they think and their relationships with others. I work to build trust and empathy and strive to understand the world from your perspective. I can help you to understand that small changes to the way you see things can have a major impact on how you feel.
View
Photo of Julia Vaczo, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Julia Vaczo
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Online Only
When we feel lost, stuck, or uncertain for an extended period, pausing and taking the time to understand ourselves can help us find clarity and direction. But sometimes self-exploration is challenging to navigate alone. I offer a safe, supportive environment to work with you in this process. I listen deeply and ask gentle and thoughtful questions that may encourage you to reflect and help you see yourself and your situation from different perspectives.
When we feel lost, stuck, or uncertain for an extended period, pausing and taking the time to understand ourselves can help us find clarity and direction. But sometimes self-exploration is challenging to navigate alone. I offer a safe, supportive environment to work with you in this process. I listen deeply and ask gentle and thoughtful questions that may encourage you to reflect and help you see yourself and your situation from different perspectives.
01382 919536 View 01382 919536
Photo of Lillian Margaret Brown - Streams Counselling, Counsellor, MCOSCA
Streams Counselling
Counsellor, MCOSCA
Hi, my name is Lillian. I offer counselling in Angus and the Dundee area for face-to-face & online sessions so please get in touch to see if I can support you. I offer a confidential non-judgemental service, working with you through situations you find yourself in, empathically exploring your concerns and difficulties to seek the best way forward for you personally. I have worked with hundreds of people, all unique, and I hope to help each one of you embrace your life with more self-understanding, with healing from past and present wounds, and to discover skills and resources to empower you to change and manage your life positively.
Hi, my name is Lillian. I offer counselling in Angus and the Dundee area for face-to-face & online sessions so please get in touch to see if I can support you. I offer a confidential non-judgemental service, working with you through situations you find yourself in, empathically exploring your concerns and difficulties to seek the best way forward for you personally. I have worked with hundreds of people, all unique, and I hope to help each one of you embrace your life with more self-understanding, with healing from past and present wounds, and to discover skills and resources to empower you to change and manage your life positively.
01261 450039 View 01261 450039
Photo of Deborah Gillard, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Deborah Gillard
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Online Only
Are you facing challenging relationship issues? Are you grappling with the consequences of trauma/abuse? Are you feeling stuck, overwhelmed, or disconnected? Are you or a loved one struggling with eating issues? Do you yearn for a supportive space to heal and grow? I offer therapy for adults and young people (12+) struggling with relationships, trauma, abuse, and eating issues. I also provide relationship therapy for couples, families, friends, and business partners, covering trust, communication, intimacy, separation, and monogamy/non-monogamy.
Are you facing challenging relationship issues? Are you grappling with the consequences of trauma/abuse? Are you feeling stuck, overwhelmed, or disconnected? Are you or a loved one struggling with eating issues? Do you yearn for a supportive space to heal and grow? I offer therapy for adults and young people (12+) struggling with relationships, trauma, abuse, and eating issues. I also provide relationship therapy for couples, families, friends, and business partners, covering trust, communication, intimacy, separation, and monogamy/non-monogamy.
01382 797220 View 01382 797220
Photo of Lynda Goudie, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Lynda Goudie
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Dundee DD5
Hi, my name is Lynda and I have a masters (MSc) in Counselling. I also have an MA Hons Degree in English, my passion for stories on the page have also become a passion for individuals who each have their own unique story. Counselling is 50 minutes of time for you, to be heard, supported and understood. Together we can explore problems from the past, anxieties for the future and how these issues are affecting the present. You may have a specific problem or dilemma that is all about now but whatever you bring, can be explored together in a non-judgemental, empathetic and kind way.
Hi, my name is Lynda and I have a masters (MSc) in Counselling. I also have an MA Hons Degree in English, my passion for stories on the page have also become a passion for individuals who each have their own unique story. Counselling is 50 minutes of time for you, to be heard, supported and understood. Together we can explore problems from the past, anxieties for the future and how these issues are affecting the present. You may have a specific problem or dilemma that is all about now but whatever you bring, can be explored together in a non-judgemental, empathetic and kind way.
01382 933111 View 01382 933111
Photo of Claire Robertson - Heartwork Services, Counsellor, MBACP
Heartwork Services
Counsellor, MBACP
Dundee DD2
Life, as it turns out, is not without its challenges. Clients often come to visit me with a sense of loss anxiety or sadness. I love watching clients acquire a renewed sense of self-compassion and self-worth. My wish is to support you on your journey to discover that you have the tools required to overcome the challenges in your life. For me it is an honour and a privilege to support you to recognise that harnessing your strengths will allow you to have a more fulfilling and happy life.
Life, as it turns out, is not without its challenges. Clients often come to visit me with a sense of loss anxiety or sadness. I love watching clients acquire a renewed sense of self-compassion and self-worth. My wish is to support you on your journey to discover that you have the tools required to overcome the challenges in your life. For me it is an honour and a privilege to support you to recognise that harnessing your strengths will allow you to have a more fulfilling and happy life.
01382 919583 View 01382 919583
Photo of Paula Marie Kenneth - EMDR practitioner, Supervisor , Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
EMDR practitioner, Supervisor
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Welcome to Authentic Counselling. I am a pluralistic counsellor based in Carnoustie, Angus. As a pluralistic counsellor I hold the view that different things work for different people at different points in their life and that no client's experience is the same. I utilise methods and techniques from a number of different modalities in order to best meet the counselling needs/preferences of the clients whom engage with my service. Recently completed children matters course allowing me to work therapeutically with children from the age of 4. Completed couples counselling course in 2022 building on my experience and range of methods.
Welcome to Authentic Counselling. I am a pluralistic counsellor based in Carnoustie, Angus. As a pluralistic counsellor I hold the view that different things work for different people at different points in their life and that no client's experience is the same. I utilise methods and techniques from a number of different modalities in order to best meet the counselling needs/preferences of the clients whom engage with my service. Recently completed children matters course allowing me to work therapeutically with children from the age of 4. Completed couples counselling course in 2022 building on my experience and range of methods.
01241 468693 View 01241 468693
Photo of Allan Turner, Counsellor, SNCPS Acc.
Allan Turner
Counsellor, SNCPS Acc.
Online Only
I love working with couples and also people affected by Autism (formerly called Aspergers' syndrome) and increasingly referred to as Neurodiversity. You may be the "affected person", or they could be your partner, child, a relative, or a work colleague. My “approach" is entirely Person-centred. I find this well suited for both couples and Autism. It strives to understand the client and their inner world and doesn’t tell what to do!
I love working with couples and also people affected by Autism (formerly called Aspergers' syndrome) and increasingly referred to as Neurodiversity. You may be the "affected person", or they could be your partner, child, a relative, or a work colleague. My “approach" is entirely Person-centred. I find this well suited for both couples and Autism. It strives to understand the client and their inner world and doesn’t tell what to do!
01307 498244 View 01307 498244
Photo of Jackie Read, Counsellor, ACC-AC
Jackie Read
Counsellor, ACC-AC
Dundee DD4
I am a registered and accredited counsellor with over 10 years’ experience and provide one to one counselling for adults of all ages. I specialise in working with complex trauma, C-PTSD( complex post traumatic stress disorder) and disorders like BPD.I have considerable experience of working with depression, anxiety, coping with loss and bereavement, panic attacks, anger issues, intense guilt, trauma, childhood sexual abuse and difficulty in relating to others.I also have experience working with clients on the Autistic spectrum or Asperger’s and family members.
I am a registered and accredited counsellor with over 10 years’ experience and provide one to one counselling for adults of all ages. I specialise in working with complex trauma, C-PTSD( complex post traumatic stress disorder) and disorders like BPD.I have considerable experience of working with depression, anxiety, coping with loss and bereavement, panic attacks, anger issues, intense guilt, trauma, childhood sexual abuse and difficulty in relating to others.I also have experience working with clients on the Autistic spectrum or Asperger’s and family members.
01382 919575 View 01382 919575
Photo of Lynda Jane Lawrence - Beingwell, Counsellor, MBACP
Beingwell
Counsellor, MBACP
Dundee DD2
Hello, My name is Lynda and I am the counsellor within Beingwell, a holistic wellbeing centre in Dundee. Counselling can benefit everyone and aims to address people's life problems in a safe environment where you will be listened to without fear of criticism or judgement. Our relationship is really important to me and I would want to work in a flexible and collaborative way to ensure that you feel comfortable and empowered in our sessions together. I offer short or long term counselling to be decided together.
Hello, My name is Lynda and I am the counsellor within Beingwell, a holistic wellbeing centre in Dundee. Counselling can benefit everyone and aims to address people's life problems in a safe environment where you will be listened to without fear of criticism or judgement. Our relationship is really important to me and I would want to work in a flexible and collaborative way to ensure that you feel comfortable and empowered in our sessions together. I offer short or long term counselling to be decided together.
01382 933266 View 01382 933266
Photo of Sarah Higgins, Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
Sarah Higgins
Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
Dundee DD4
Art/Psychotherapy, Children's Work and Supervision - Are you seeking a safe and creative space to explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences? Whether you're an adult facing life challenges or a child navigating emotions, psychotherapy can help you unlock new pathways to healing and personal growth.
Art/Psychotherapy, Children's Work and Supervision - Are you seeking a safe and creative space to explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences? Whether you're an adult facing life challenges or a child navigating emotions, psychotherapy can help you unlock new pathways to healing and personal growth.
View
Photo of Maria Louise Cox, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Maria Louise Cox
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Hi I’m Maria a passionate and dedicated neurodivergent counsellor specializing in Trauma, ADHD, ASD, Life Transitions and experience working with Menopause. My aim is to provide you with a safe and supportive environment where you can explore issues that you feel may be holding you back from reaching your potential. I believe therapy should be tailored to your individual pace and readiness as healing is a personal journey and each individual is diverse and unique. I am committed to working towards understanding your life better so we work together on achieving positive changes and work towards goals so you can grow and thrive.
Hi I’m Maria a passionate and dedicated neurodivergent counsellor specializing in Trauma, ADHD, ASD, Life Transitions and experience working with Menopause. My aim is to provide you with a safe and supportive environment where you can explore issues that you feel may be holding you back from reaching your potential. I believe therapy should be tailored to your individual pace and readiness as healing is a personal journey and each individual is diverse and unique. I am committed to working towards understanding your life better so we work together on achieving positive changes and work towards goals so you can grow and thrive.
01241 467978 View 01241 467978
Photo of Fiona louise Singer, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Fiona louise Singer
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Dundee DD4
Hello and thank you for being curious about me and how we can work together to support change. Perhaps you have been feeling disconnected with life or body, anxious or depressed or just not reaching your full potential in life or love. Perhaps you have been touched by loss, illness or age-related change such as menopause or retirement. Counselling offers a safe, non- biased space to explore many of these issues and more. I am a qualified pluralistic counsellor with an integrative approach offering a wide range of interventions from different theoretical perspectives. for example, CBT, mindfulness. narrative therapy .
Hello and thank you for being curious about me and how we can work together to support change. Perhaps you have been feeling disconnected with life or body, anxious or depressed or just not reaching your full potential in life or love. Perhaps you have been touched by loss, illness or age-related change such as menopause or retirement. Counselling offers a safe, non- biased space to explore many of these issues and more. I am a qualified pluralistic counsellor with an integrative approach offering a wide range of interventions from different theoretical perspectives. for example, CBT, mindfulness. narrative therapy .
01382 919480 View 01382 919480
Photo of Natalie Mordente, Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Natalie Mordente
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Dundee DD3
Waitlist for new clients
Hi, I’m Natalie. I am a BACP registered Counsellor & Psychotherapist. I am a School Counsellor, Student Mental Health Mentor and run my practice, counselling Adults & Young People.  Asking for help can be daunting, especially if this is the first time you have considered counselling. The list of reasons why individuals start their counselling journey is endless. From mental health challenges such as anxiety or depression to relationship problems , trauma or low self-esteem, I will always offer you a safe, non-judgemental space, respecting the pace you need to go at. This is your journey and I am here to support you.
Hi, I’m Natalie. I am a BACP registered Counsellor & Psychotherapist. I am a School Counsellor, Student Mental Health Mentor and run my practice, counselling Adults & Young People.  Asking for help can be daunting, especially if this is the first time you have considered counselling. The list of reasons why individuals start their counselling journey is endless. From mental health challenges such as anxiety or depression to relationship problems , trauma or low self-esteem, I will always offer you a safe, non-judgemental space, respecting the pace you need to go at. This is your journey and I am here to support you.
01382 919042 View 01382 919042
Photo of Martine Kilgour, Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
Martine Kilgour
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
Dundee DD5
Everybody has problems so why should you go for counselling? Problems are part of everyday life, we all encounter them and fortunately we are able to solve them the majority of the time without any intervention. Counselling may be beneficial to you if problems become all consuming and start to affect your personal happiness, perhaps take up a high percentage of your thinking time or in fact prevent you from doing day to day things. Today's fast pace of life does not always offer time to reflect on how we are feeling or help us understand why we become unhappy, low in mood and no longer enjoy life.
Everybody has problems so why should you go for counselling? Problems are part of everyday life, we all encounter them and fortunately we are able to solve them the majority of the time without any intervention. Counselling may be beneficial to you if problems become all consuming and start to affect your personal happiness, perhaps take up a high percentage of your thinking time or in fact prevent you from doing day to day things. Today's fast pace of life does not always offer time to reflect on how we are feeling or help us understand why we become unhappy, low in mood and no longer enjoy life.
01382 933305 View 01382 933305
Photo of Wendy Nicoll - Wendy Nicoll Counselling, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Wendy Nicoll Counselling
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Online Only
Life throws us many challenges and we all need some help from time to time. Together we can explore uncomfortable thoughts and feelings in a safe and non-judgemental environment to help your cope better and think more fondly about yourself. My speciality is collaborating with clients to develop healthy lifestyle habits and more useful behaviours, particularly for those of you who are overweight; struggle with yo-yo dieting; binge eating, or are pre/post weightloss injection use or bariatric surgery. I can help you increase your self-esteem; improve your self-confidence and reduce negative body image thoughts.
Life throws us many challenges and we all need some help from time to time. Together we can explore uncomfortable thoughts and feelings in a safe and non-judgemental environment to help your cope better and think more fondly about yourself. My speciality is collaborating with clients to develop healthy lifestyle habits and more useful behaviours, particularly for those of you who are overweight; struggle with yo-yo dieting; binge eating, or are pre/post weightloss injection use or bariatric surgery. I can help you increase your self-esteem; improve your self-confidence and reduce negative body image thoughts.
View
Photo of Nova Pinfold - Nova at Natural Space Counselling (MCOSCA), Psychotherapist, MCOSCA
Nova at Natural Space Counselling (MCOSCA)
Psychotherapist, MCOSCA
4 Endorsed
Dundee DD5
Are you looking for a confidential space to explore your needs, where you are heard, without judgement? I'm Nova, I offer counselling in person, or outdoors (your chosen place), and online. A background in supporting people and working with trauma gives strong foundations to my therapy work. My approach is relational, and I believe different things work for different people at different times. Working together we create a compassionate, calm space where you are heard and validated. We work with what you bring in ways which work for you. Different methods offer various ways of working together to achieve the changes you seek.
Are you looking for a confidential space to explore your needs, where you are heard, without judgement? I'm Nova, I offer counselling in person, or outdoors (your chosen place), and online. A background in supporting people and working with trauma gives strong foundations to my therapy work. My approach is relational, and I believe different things work for different people at different times. Working together we create a compassionate, calm space where you are heard and validated. We work with what you bring in ways which work for you. Different methods offer various ways of working together to achieve the changes you seek.
07768 426194 View 07768 426194
Photo of Salma Siddique, Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Salma Siddique
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Dundee DD2
Epistemicide is the destruction of navigational maps crafted from ancestral knowledge and personal experience, leaving us disoriented in a world simultaneously familiar and alien. As we confront this erasure, therapy emerges as a dynamic space for deep exploration—an ethnographic study of one's life where agency meets healing justice. Here, our narratives challenge systemic violence while we question frameworks of belonging in a world determined to dictate their terms, meaningful conversation, we navigate our hybrid identities with their contradictory yet authentic stories, transforming discomfort from cultural loss and oppression.
Epistemicide is the destruction of navigational maps crafted from ancestral knowledge and personal experience, leaving us disoriented in a world simultaneously familiar and alien. As we confront this erasure, therapy emerges as a dynamic space for deep exploration—an ethnographic study of one's life where agency meets healing justice. Here, our narratives challenge systemic violence while we question frameworks of belonging in a world determined to dictate their terms, meaningful conversation, we navigate our hybrid identities with their contradictory yet authentic stories, transforming discomfort from cultural loss and oppression.
01828 920130 View 01828 920130

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Angus

50+

Average cost per session

£55

Counsellors in Angus who prioritize treating:

89% Anxiety
81% Depression
81% Self Esteem
77% Relationship Issues
75% Stress
72% Bereavement
72% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

7 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Bupa
67% Cigna and Evernorth
67% Aviva

How Counsellors in Angus see their clients

84% In Person and Online
16% Online Only

Gender breakdown

89% Female
11% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Angus?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.