Counselling in Hay-on-Wye

Photo of Sarah Steel Counselling Services, Counsellor in Hay-on-Wye, England
Sarah Steel Counselling Services
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hay-on-Wye HR3
Are you having relationship difficulties, trouble sleeping, low mood, or anxiety? I offer a down to earth practical approach, and will listen with respect and hold your confidentiality. Together we will aim for you to gain a better understanding of your thoughts and feelings, so that in time you can develop strategies to cope when life seems overwhelming. I have worked extensively with people who are experiencing depression, anxiety, panic, trauma, loss, sleeplessness, low self esteem, relationship problems and addictions. I work integratively, and will draw on what ever counselling skills suit you best.
Are you having relationship difficulties, trouble sleeping, low mood, or anxiety? I offer a down to earth practical approach, and will listen with respect and hold your confidentiality. Together we will aim for you to gain a better understanding of your thoughts and feelings, so that in time you can develop strategies to cope when life seems overwhelming. I have worked extensively with people who are experiencing depression, anxiety, panic, trauma, loss, sleeplessness, low self esteem, relationship problems and addictions. I work integratively, and will draw on what ever counselling skills suit you best.
07723 468082 View 07723 468082
Photo of Heather Murray - Counselling & Psychotherapy , Psychotherapist in Hay-on-Wye, England
Heather Murray - Counselling & Psychotherapy
Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Hay-on-Wye HR3
Have things come to a point in your life where it just feels really difficult to carry on? Do you find that you are anxious, worrying over the future, and fretting about decisions that need to be made? Do your thoughts drift repeatedly into the past, perhaps returning you to trauma or disappointment? Would you really like to be listened to with care and attention? Perhaps it is not advise that you need, just the opportunity to share what you’re going through, and find ways to feel better, more resilient and more able to cope. Perhaps you just want to feel more contented and at peace.
Have things come to a point in your life where it just feels really difficult to carry on? Do you find that you are anxious, worrying over the future, and fretting about decisions that need to be made? Do your thoughts drift repeatedly into the past, perhaps returning you to trauma or disappointment? Would you really like to be listened to with care and attention? Perhaps it is not advise that you need, just the opportunity to share what you’re going through, and find ways to feel better, more resilient and more able to cope. Perhaps you just want to feel more contented and at peace.
01341 408147 View 01341 408147
Photo of Sarah Griffiths, Psychotherapist in Hay-on-Wye, England
Sarah Griffiths
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hay-on-Wye HR3
Not accepting new clients
Life can be chaotic, and messy; but we don't have to navigate its challenges alone. I believe in meeting people where they are, as they are - whatever that may look like. Exploring and embracing the unique way we all work, and the challenge of finding what we need to thrive, is at the heart of my approach. I work with a range of human beings experiencing a wide array of concerns. I work with ADHD and Autism, anxiety, self esteem, identity, relationship and communication issues - but this is by no means an exhaustive list. My interest in neurodiversity is in part driven by the discovery in adulthood that I am neurodivergent myself.
Life can be chaotic, and messy; but we don't have to navigate its challenges alone. I believe in meeting people where they are, as they are - whatever that may look like. Exploring and embracing the unique way we all work, and the challenge of finding what we need to thrive, is at the heart of my approach. I work with a range of human beings experiencing a wide array of concerns. I work with ADHD and Autism, anxiety, self esteem, identity, relationship and communication issues - but this is by no means an exhaustive list. My interest in neurodiversity is in part driven by the discovery in adulthood that I am neurodivergent myself.
01341 408142 View 01341 408142
Photo of Catherine Quayle, Counsellor in Hay-on-Wye, England
Catherine Quayle
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hay-on-Wye HR3
An experienced counsellor, I work with a broad range of issues with adults from all walks of life, including busy professional people who often worry that counselling is indulgent or shows weakness. Ultimately whatever our issue, we want relief - to finally express what we hide, to be truly heard, accepted, and for this process to actually help. I provide a safe, space for coming to terms with really difficult experiences. I help people get clarity on their situation, I support in finding ways to cope with life’s difficulties, and importantly, facilitate the process of being true to yourself.
An experienced counsellor, I work with a broad range of issues with adults from all walks of life, including busy professional people who often worry that counselling is indulgent or shows weakness. Ultimately whatever our issue, we want relief - to finally express what we hide, to be truly heard, accepted, and for this process to actually help. I provide a safe, space for coming to terms with really difficult experiences. I help people get clarity on their situation, I support in finding ways to cope with life’s difficulties, and importantly, facilitate the process of being true to yourself.
01432 805153 View 01432 805153
Photo of Clive Oxford, Psychotherapist in Hay-on-Wye, England
Clive Oxford
Psychotherapist, SNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Hay-on-Wye HR3
An Independent Counsellor and Psychotherapist, I provide in person individual and couples Counselling and Psychotherapy, and Practitioner Supervision in Hereford. I also facilitate Personal Development and Advanced Training for practitioners. My practice room is 15 mins from central Hereford. With over 30 years experience, my approach can now only be described as eclectic and thus very much 'tailored' to the individuals, couples and groups I work with. My clients say they find me insightful, intuitive, humourous, pragmatic and down-to-earth. More information on my website - www.cliveoxford.co.uk
An Independent Counsellor and Psychotherapist, I provide in person individual and couples Counselling and Psychotherapy, and Practitioner Supervision in Hereford. I also facilitate Personal Development and Advanced Training for practitioners. My practice room is 15 mins from central Hereford. With over 30 years experience, my approach can now only be described as eclectic and thus very much 'tailored' to the individuals, couples and groups I work with. My clients say they find me insightful, intuitive, humourous, pragmatic and down-to-earth. More information on my website - www.cliveoxford.co.uk
01432 805099 View 01432 805099
Photo of Dr Maria Love, Psychologist in Hay-on-Wye, England
Dr Maria Love
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Hay-on-Wye HR3
Welcome, you may have arrived here feeling somewhat overwhelmed as you look for the support you need. Specialist psychological therapy may offer you helpful and meaningful ways of understanding your difficulties as well as resources and ways of coping to support you to move towards your valued direction for your mental health and wellbeing. Many people experience trauma reactions following highly stressful and distressing experiences in their life. You may be struggling to make sense of and cope with what has happened to you and the ways that this affects how you think, feel, behave and your relationships.
Welcome, you may have arrived here feeling somewhat overwhelmed as you look for the support you need. Specialist psychological therapy may offer you helpful and meaningful ways of understanding your difficulties as well as resources and ways of coping to support you to move towards your valued direction for your mental health and wellbeing. Many people experience trauma reactions following highly stressful and distressing experiences in their life. You may be struggling to make sense of and cope with what has happened to you and the ways that this affects how you think, feel, behave and your relationships.
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Photo of Wendy Harvey, Psychotherapist in Hay-on-Wye, England
Wendy Harvey
Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Hay-on-Wye HR3
I specialise in working with couples and individuals from a holistic/mindfulness perspective. I have over 25 years of experience of accompanying people of all ages with every kind of issue on their journeys of self-exploration. My original training was with Relate and I have since trained in Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction, Somatic Trauma Work, Whole Body Focusing and Craniosacral Therapy. I have an interest in working with family relationship issues with Family Systems, Family Constellations and Non-Violent Communication approaches. I have a longstanding meditation and spiritual practice which is the foundation for my work.
I specialise in working with couples and individuals from a holistic/mindfulness perspective. I have over 25 years of experience of accompanying people of all ages with every kind of issue on their journeys of self-exploration. My original training was with Relate and I have since trained in Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction, Somatic Trauma Work, Whole Body Focusing and Craniosacral Therapy. I have an interest in working with family relationship issues with Family Systems, Family Constellations and Non-Violent Communication approaches. I have a longstanding meditation and spiritual practice which is the foundation for my work.
01432 808374 View 01432 808374
Photo of Lee Buttitta, Counsellor in Hay-on-Wye, England
Lee Buttitta
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Hay-on-Wye HR3
Hello and a heartfelt welcome to you! I’m Lee, an Integrative Counsellor and Psychotherapist dedicated to empowering people like you on a journey towards self-awareness, healing and personal growth. As a veteran, I bring with me a strong moral compass, honesty and integrity, which have profoundly shaped my counselling practice. My own life experiences have inspired me to walk alongside others as they navigate the complexities of their emotions and challenges. In a safe and compassionate space, you’ll find a confidant who listens to not just your words but also the unspoken. My approach is centred around your unique needs.
Hello and a heartfelt welcome to you! I’m Lee, an Integrative Counsellor and Psychotherapist dedicated to empowering people like you on a journey towards self-awareness, healing and personal growth. As a veteran, I bring with me a strong moral compass, honesty and integrity, which have profoundly shaped my counselling practice. My own life experiences have inspired me to walk alongside others as they navigate the complexities of their emotions and challenges. In a safe and compassionate space, you’ll find a confidant who listens to not just your words but also the unspoken. My approach is centred around your unique needs.
01982 510082 View 01982 510082
Photo of Tom Magal, Counsellor in Hay-on-Wye, England
Tom Magal
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hay-on-Wye HR3
I am a fully qualified integrative therapist, experienced in working with couples and individuals of all ages, and from all walks of life. I'm not your everyday counsellor, I truly believe that we all have it within us to be our best selves, happy and content, but that comes from understanding ourselves better. I often see clients in the middle of a crisis who need more immediate help, and I also work with people who are otherwise happy but want help moving forwards in their life. I see couples who may have got into bad habits, and may want help building an environment which will enable the relationship to flourish once again.
I am a fully qualified integrative therapist, experienced in working with couples and individuals of all ages, and from all walks of life. I'm not your everyday counsellor, I truly believe that we all have it within us to be our best selves, happy and content, but that comes from understanding ourselves better. I often see clients in the middle of a crisis who need more immediate help, and I also work with people who are otherwise happy but want help moving forwards in their life. I see couples who may have got into bad habits, and may want help building an environment which will enable the relationship to flourish once again.
01432 805983 View 01432 805983
Photo of Lucy Sheehan, Psychotherapist in Hay-on-Wye, England
Lucy Sheehan
Psychotherapist, PhD, UKCP Trainee
Verified Verified
Hay-on-Wye HR3
Through our bodies, we have a unique capacity to heal psychological wounds and break free of limitations. Psychotherapy offers space to be met exactly as we are, so we can begin to see ourselves as whole and access our inner guidance and resources. I believe in the wisdom of the body in how it responds to and heals from trauma, and I have experience of working with people somatically to find greater ease in their bodies and lives.
Through our bodies, we have a unique capacity to heal psychological wounds and break free of limitations. Psychotherapy offers space to be met exactly as we are, so we can begin to see ourselves as whole and access our inner guidance and resources. I believe in the wisdom of the body in how it responds to and heals from trauma, and I have experience of working with people somatically to find greater ease in their bodies and lives.
01874 641147 View 01874 641147

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Dr Julie Hare, Psychologist in Hay-on-Wye, England
Dr Julie Hare
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Kington HR5  (Online Only)
I am a Clinical Psychologist with 18 years post qualified experience in the NHS. I am experienced in using psychological therapies to help individuals, couples, families and older people presenting with a wide range of mental health distress. I am interested in issues around self esteem/identity/culture, childhood neglect, trauma, difficult relationships, mood problems and managing long term health conditions. I also work with adults with ASD/ADHD. In addition to working with distress I offer ‘life reflection’ sessions for individuals who just need a space to ‘pause’ and think about their wellbeing, and for self development.
I am a Clinical Psychologist with 18 years post qualified experience in the NHS. I am experienced in using psychological therapies to help individuals, couples, families and older people presenting with a wide range of mental health distress. I am interested in issues around self esteem/identity/culture, childhood neglect, trauma, difficult relationships, mood problems and managing long term health conditions. I also work with adults with ASD/ADHD. In addition to working with distress I offer ‘life reflection’ sessions for individuals who just need a space to ‘pause’ and think about their wellbeing, and for self development.
01544 301359 View 01544 301359
Photo of The Therapywise Foundation , Counsellor in Hay-on-Wye, England
The Therapywise Foundation
Counsellor, MSc
Verified Verified
Hereford HR3
Are you worried about your child's behaviour and don't know what to do? Are you fed up of getting calls from school or of arguing all the time at home? Do you feel like you're letting your child down and just wish you could help them be their best self instead?
Are you worried about your child's behaviour and don't know what to do? Are you fed up of getting calls from school or of arguing all the time at home? Do you feel like you're letting your child down and just wish you could help them be their best self instead?
01497 701041 View 01497 701041
Photo of Jane Millington-Jones, Counsellor in Hay-on-Wye, England
Jane Millington-Jones
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hereford HR1
Hi I'm Jane and I am an integrative counsellor psychotherapist. This means that I draw upon various techniques and theories to aid and support you through the therapeutic process. My aim is to establish an respectful and non judgemental environment where you feel safe and secure enabling you to explore and understand your concerns, issues and emotions, empowering you to find a way forward with choices that you feel are right for you.
Hi I'm Jane and I am an integrative counsellor psychotherapist. This means that I draw upon various techniques and theories to aid and support you through the therapeutic process. My aim is to establish an respectful and non judgemental environment where you feel safe and secure enabling you to explore and understand your concerns, issues and emotions, empowering you to find a way forward with choices that you feel are right for you.
01443 803589 View 01443 803589
Photo of AW Counselling, Counsellor in Hay-on-Wye, England
AW Counselling
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hereford HR4  (Online Only)
I am a Person-Centred Counsellor providing a safe and confidential space that allows you to talk through difficult situations in your life. I believe through exploring your emotions, you can gain greater self-awareness and a better understanding of your own behaviours including, the relationships you build. Together, we can build the appropriate therapeutic relationship, exploring your story and experiences. I will listen without judgement and support you to discover your own autonomy.
I am a Person-Centred Counsellor providing a safe and confidential space that allows you to talk through difficult situations in your life. I believe through exploring your emotions, you can gain greater self-awareness and a better understanding of your own behaviours including, the relationships you build. Together, we can build the appropriate therapeutic relationship, exploring your story and experiences. I will listen without judgement and support you to discover your own autonomy.
01568 600246 View 01568 600246
Photo of Dr Victoria Galbraith, Psychologist in Hay-on-Wye, England
Dr Victoria Galbraith
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
Hereford HR3  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I know that you may be entering unchartered territory by taking the first step of entering into therapy and many individuals can feel quite anxious when faced with this situation. My aim is therefore to make sure that the first session with me is as warm and welcoming as possible for you so that you can gain a good understanding of what it might be like to work with me. I aim to provide a safe, professional, respectful and confidential service to adults and young people. I am accredited by the British Psychological Society (BPS) and registered with the Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC).
I know that you may be entering unchartered territory by taking the first step of entering into therapy and many individuals can feel quite anxious when faced with this situation. My aim is therefore to make sure that the first session with me is as warm and welcoming as possible for you so that you can gain a good understanding of what it might be like to work with me. I aim to provide a safe, professional, respectful and confidential service to adults and young people. I am accredited by the British Psychological Society (BPS) and registered with the Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC).
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Photo of Emma Largesse Counselling Services, Counsellor in Hay-on-Wye, England
Emma Largesse Counselling Services
Counsellor, BACP
Verified Verified
Hereford HR3
Hi I’m Emma and I specialise in working with Children and Young people. I work with adults also, both online and Face to Face. I work in an Person Centred, integrative manner, and creatively with younger children. My therapy caters for individuality. Please ask if you have any questions.
Hi I’m Emma and I specialise in working with Children and Young people. I work with adults also, both online and Face to Face. I work in an Person Centred, integrative manner, and creatively with younger children. My therapy caters for individuality. Please ask if you have any questions.
01432 806068 View 01432 806068

Online Therapists

Photo of Centre Therapy, Counsellor in Hay-on-Wye, England
Centre Therapy
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Deddington OX15
Beginning counselling can feel like a big step. We all have 'mental (or emotional) health' needs and I believe that we all benefit from giving this our time and attention. I have over 20 years experience working within mental health, specifically in education settings and in recent years I have established my private practice. I work with adult clients and adolescents from aged 15.
Beginning counselling can feel like a big step. We all have 'mental (or emotional) health' needs and I believe that we all benefit from giving this our time and attention. I have over 20 years experience working within mental health, specifically in education settings and in recent years I have established my private practice. I work with adult clients and adolescents from aged 15.
01295 235583 View 01295 235583
Photo of KL'S Therapy, Counsellor in Hay-on-Wye, England
KL'S Therapy
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Ammanford SA18
Through Darkness to Light, We Journey Together, At KL'S Therapy my style of working is based on the Humanistic, Person Centered and Integrative approach. My work is tailored to you and I can help you by offering a safe/ non-judgmental and confidential space.
Through Darkness to Light, We Journey Together, At KL'S Therapy my style of working is based on the Humanistic, Person Centered and Integrative approach. My work is tailored to you and I can help you by offering a safe/ non-judgmental and confidential space.
01269 505853 View 01269 505853
Photo of Jacqueline Lane Jungian Analyst, Psychotherapist in Hay-on-Wye, England
Jacqueline Lane Jungian Analyst
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Kenilworth CV8
I am a very experienced therapist, I have worked within the NHS and in Private Practice since 1994 and am a Senior Jungian Analyst, a Training Analyst, an Examiner and a Supervisor. I have a special interest in working with people experiencing relationship difficulties, difficulties in the workplace and those suffering from depression and anxiety. There is a wisdom in anxiety, any emotional crisis is a call for personal growth, for insight and to a new path through life. The belief that symptoms have meaning leads to a more positive approach and outcome, so that suffering is not in vain but the prelude to a more meaningful life.
I am a very experienced therapist, I have worked within the NHS and in Private Practice since 1994 and am a Senior Jungian Analyst, a Training Analyst, an Examiner and a Supervisor. I have a special interest in working with people experiencing relationship difficulties, difficulties in the workplace and those suffering from depression and anxiety. There is a wisdom in anxiety, any emotional crisis is a call for personal growth, for insight and to a new path through life. The belief that symptoms have meaning leads to a more positive approach and outcome, so that suffering is not in vain but the prelude to a more meaningful life.
01798 305159 View 01798 305159
Photo of Richard Cousins, Counsellor in Hay-on-Wye, England
Richard Cousins
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Bristol BS36
Hi. I am an accredited therapist, offering counselling and psychotherapy. I can help you move from feeling lost, confused, anxious, stuck, numb, or overwhelmed... to a place where things make sense, where there’s a way forward, and you feel in charge of your life. I can help you understand your unique situation so that you can make choices that work for you, making positive changes in your life, and your relationships. I can help you to uncover, discover, and to re-connect with the real ‘you’. The ‘you’ that might have once been hidden or pushed away because you had to get through something really tough. You had to survive.
Hi. I am an accredited therapist, offering counselling and psychotherapy. I can help you move from feeling lost, confused, anxious, stuck, numb, or overwhelmed... to a place where things make sense, where there’s a way forward, and you feel in charge of your life. I can help you understand your unique situation so that you can make choices that work for you, making positive changes in your life, and your relationships. I can help you to uncover, discover, and to re-connect with the real ‘you’. The ‘you’ that might have once been hidden or pushed away because you had to get through something really tough. You had to survive.
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How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Hay-on-Wye

10+

Average cost per session

£60

Counsellors in Hay-on-Wye who prioritize treating:

80% Depression
80% Anxiety
70% Relationship Issues
70% Self Esteem
60% Bereavement
60% Stress
50% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

15 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

33% Other
33% Bupa
33% WPA

How Counsellors in Hay-on-Wye see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

78% Female
22% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Hay-on-Wye?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.