Counselling in RM1

Photo of Andrea Clark, Counsellor, BACP
Andrea Clark
Counsellor, BACP
Romford RM1
Hello, I am Andrea. As a Person-Centered Therapist, I believe that no one knows you better than you. Sometimes, you just need a little guidance to help navigate your path and find happiness. Together, we’ll work through the pain of being stuck in old patterns, helping you reconnect with your true self and discover healthier ways to process your emotions. This space is where you can stop merely coping and start feeling more in control, balanced, and at peace with yourself.
Hello, I am Andrea. As a Person-Centered Therapist, I believe that no one knows you better than you. Sometimes, you just need a little guidance to help navigate your path and find happiness. Together, we’ll work through the pain of being stuck in old patterns, helping you reconnect with your true self and discover healthier ways to process your emotions. This space is where you can stop merely coping and start feeling more in control, balanced, and at peace with yourself.
01708 596873 View 01708 596873
Photo of Bernadette Coffey, Counsellor, MA, BACP
Bernadette Coffey
Counsellor, MA, BACP
Romford RM1
Welcome — I’m Bernadette, a psychotherapist specialising in the emotional wellbeing of children, young people, and their families. With over 30 years of professional experience and a Master’s degree in Integrative Psychotherapy, I offer an evidence-based, tailored approach grounded in empathy, sensitivity, and a clear understanding of developmental and relational needs. My practice is informed by extensive training as well as insights drawn from both my own life and experiences as a parent. These perspectives have strengthened my commitment to creating spaces where children and families feel understood, supported, and connected.
Welcome — I’m Bernadette, a psychotherapist specialising in the emotional wellbeing of children, young people, and their families. With over 30 years of professional experience and a Master’s degree in Integrative Psychotherapy, I offer an evidence-based, tailored approach grounded in empathy, sensitivity, and a clear understanding of developmental and relational needs. My practice is informed by extensive training as well as insights drawn from both my own life and experiences as a parent. These perspectives have strengthened my commitment to creating spaces where children and families feel understood, supported, and connected.
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Photo of Iulia Popescu, Psychotherapist, UKCP Trainee
Iulia Popescu
Psychotherapist, UKCP Trainee
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
You thought things would feel easier by now. Maybe life wasn't supposed to be this hard. You figured you'd feel more settled, more confident, more in control. But instead, something just feels… off. You're tired. Anxious. Like you're stuck, and no matter what you do, it's hard to move forward. You know you want more from life, you know you're capable of more, but it's hard to explain. You might feel disconnected from yourself or the people around you. Maybe your relationships are struggling, or you just don’t feel like yourself anymore. You're not alone.
You thought things would feel easier by now. Maybe life wasn't supposed to be this hard. You figured you'd feel more settled, more confident, more in control. But instead, something just feels… off. You're tired. Anxious. Like you're stuck, and no matter what you do, it's hard to move forward. You know you want more from life, you know you're capable of more, but it's hard to explain. You might feel disconnected from yourself or the people around you. Maybe your relationships are struggling, or you just don’t feel like yourself anymore. You're not alone.
0118 230 9641 View 0118 230 9641
Photo of Diane Munday, Counsellor, MBACP
Diane Munday
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
Most clients that I see are suffering with anxiety, depression and stress. Most of this is caused by underlying issues such as low self-esteem, relationships issues and addiction to name a few. We're often aware of what our problems are but do not feel able to cope and need some support. Distressing situations and feelings can have such a destructive impact on our lives and therapy works by accepting your feelings, helping you to gain a different perspective, whilst challenging old negative beliefs; so you can move forward with a happier and healthier outlook on life.
Most clients that I see are suffering with anxiety, depression and stress. Most of this is caused by underlying issues such as low self-esteem, relationships issues and addiction to name a few. We're often aware of what our problems are but do not feel able to cope and need some support. Distressing situations and feelings can have such a destructive impact on our lives and therapy works by accepting your feelings, helping you to gain a different perspective, whilst challenging old negative beliefs; so you can move forward with a happier and healthier outlook on life.
01708 989896 View 01708 989896
Photo of Marian Claudiu Ciuhan - Psiholog Roman - Marian Claudiu Ciuhan - P.C.C, Psychologist, MSc, GMBPsS
Psiholog Roman - Marian Claudiu Ciuhan - P.C.C
Psychologist, MSc, GMBPsS
Serves Area
At Pro Comfort Counselling (P.C.C), step into a realm where family complexities and relationship intricacies find understanding and transformation. In the face of challenges like family conflicts, ADHD, and substance abuse, envision a guide specializing in Family and Couples Therapy - someone attuned to your unique journey. I am that guide, offering more than expertise; I offer a compassionate partnership. As a psychologist skilled in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Emotionally Focused Therapy, and Play Therapy, I invite you to embark on a transformative journey. Change is possible—let's start the journey together.
At Pro Comfort Counselling (P.C.C), step into a realm where family complexities and relationship intricacies find understanding and transformation. In the face of challenges like family conflicts, ADHD, and substance abuse, envision a guide specializing in Family and Couples Therapy - someone attuned to your unique journey. I am that guide, offering more than expertise; I offer a compassionate partnership. As a psychologist skilled in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Emotionally Focused Therapy, and Play Therapy, I invite you to embark on a transformative journey. Change is possible—let's start the journey together.
07480 789942 View 07480 789942
Photo of Wendy Shakes, Psychotherapist, PsychD, MNCPS Acc.
Wendy Shakes
Psychotherapist, PsychD, MNCPS Acc.
Serves Area
I am a Psychotherapeutic Counsellor using the Integrative approach to Counselling.  I have experience with Psychodynamic, Person-Centred Therapy (PCT) and Critical Behaviour Therapy (CBT) models.  As everyone is unique, I believe that therapy should be too, so I will use an approach which best suits the issues that you present in the therapy room.
I am a Psychotherapeutic Counsellor using the Integrative approach to Counselling.  I have experience with Psychodynamic, Person-Centred Therapy (PCT) and Critical Behaviour Therapy (CBT) models.  As everyone is unique, I believe that therapy should be too, so I will use an approach which best suits the issues that you present in the therapy room.
01708 987078 View 01708 987078
Photo of Joanne Louise Gibson, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Joanne Louise Gibson
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I am an Accredited Integrative adult and child counsellor, clinical supervisor and positive psychology coach. Myself and the team are integrative counsellors, working with several approaches. We also support clients who are ADHD or Autistic, to navigate life's daily challenges. Are you tense, anxious worried on edge, unable to concentrate, experiencing negative thought patterns, feeling overwhelmed. Do you have a Low self-esteem, no confidence, no motivation or anxiety. Are you or have you experienced narcissistic abuse and gaslighting! We can support you with your mental health and coping strategies. Ask about 1/2 price Sundays!
I am an Accredited Integrative adult and child counsellor, clinical supervisor and positive psychology coach. Myself and the team are integrative counsellors, working with several approaches. We also support clients who are ADHD or Autistic, to navigate life's daily challenges. Are you tense, anxious worried on edge, unable to concentrate, experiencing negative thought patterns, feeling overwhelmed. Do you have a Low self-esteem, no confidence, no motivation or anxiety. Are you or have you experienced narcissistic abuse and gaslighting! We can support you with your mental health and coping strategies. Ask about 1/2 price Sundays!
01708 963138 View 01708 963138
Photo of Joanna Parkinson, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Joanna Parkinson
Psychotherapist, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I am an existential psychotherapist and a supervisor. My approach helps clients gain insight, facilitating change where necessary. Existential therapy offers clients a chance to engage with their emotions, reflect on their relationships and look at how they are living their lives. I have worked with anxiety, bereavement, identity crisis, gender dysphoria, and relationship issues amongst many other existential crises that most of us experience throughout our life span.
I am an existential psychotherapist and a supervisor. My approach helps clients gain insight, facilitating change where necessary. Existential therapy offers clients a chance to engage with their emotions, reflect on their relationships and look at how they are living their lives. I have worked with anxiety, bereavement, identity crisis, gender dysphoria, and relationship issues amongst many other existential crises that most of us experience throughout our life span.
01992 929840 View 01992 929840
Photo of Hugh Farrelly, Psychotherapist, BACP
Hugh Farrelly
Psychotherapist, BACP
Serves Area
Life can be very hard at times. Strong feelings and emotions making day to day living a real challenge. You may be feeling stuck, unhappy or overwhelmed dealing with life changes that have brought up past anxieties. Whatever brings you to Therapy, we can work through it together to explore and make sense of your feelings, identify choices available to you, develop new perspectives on your past and develop strategies that can improve your strength and resources in challenging times.
Life can be very hard at times. Strong feelings and emotions making day to day living a real challenge. You may be feeling stuck, unhappy or overwhelmed dealing with life changes that have brought up past anxieties. Whatever brings you to Therapy, we can work through it together to explore and make sense of your feelings, identify choices available to you, develop new perspectives on your past and develop strategies that can improve your strength and resources in challenging times.
01634 561287 View 01634 561287
Photo of Nicola Ramchandani - Solasta Counselling, Counsellor, MBACP
Solasta Counselling
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
I’m Nicola, a qualified and experienced therapist and supervisor, dedicated to helping individuals navigate life’s challenges with compassion, respect, and understanding. My approach focuses on creating a safe and empathetic space where you can feel heard, understood, and accepted – allowing you to explore your thoughts, emotions, and experiences at your own pace.
I’m Nicola, a qualified and experienced therapist and supervisor, dedicated to helping individuals navigate life’s challenges with compassion, respect, and understanding. My approach focuses on creating a safe and empathetic space where you can feel heard, understood, and accepted – allowing you to explore your thoughts, emotions, and experiences at your own pace.
01708 596503 View 01708 596503
Photo of Keith Solomon, Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Keith Solomon
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Serves Area
I'm a Systemic Psychotherapist, Emotionally Focused Couple Therapist and EMDR therapists. I help individuals and Couples overcome difficulties, enabling them to lead the fulfilling lives they desire. I have over 16 years’ experience working with relationships. I work with a wide range of identity types with people facing various forms of distress, both as individuals and the context of relationships. My ultimate goal is to provide a supportive, empathetic non-judgemental environment where people can explore their challenges, gain a deeper understanding of themselves, and develop their ability to bring about positive change.
I'm a Systemic Psychotherapist, Emotionally Focused Couple Therapist and EMDR therapists. I help individuals and Couples overcome difficulties, enabling them to lead the fulfilling lives they desire. I have over 16 years’ experience working with relationships. I work with a wide range of identity types with people facing various forms of distress, both as individuals and the context of relationships. My ultimate goal is to provide a supportive, empathetic non-judgemental environment where people can explore their challenges, gain a deeper understanding of themselves, and develop their ability to bring about positive change.
01473 943293 View 01473 943293
Photo of Molly Lawrence-Adekola, Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP Accred
Molly Lawrence-Adekola
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP Accred
Serves Area
I am an integrative Counsellor and Cognitive Behavioural Psychotherapist with over 10 years clinical experience of working in the NHS, voluntary organisations and private practice. I have extensive training in a range of different approaches ; this gives me a choice of ways of helping you and adapting my approach to best meet your individual needs. I have worked effectively with a broad range of clients from various background with their issues and treatment of different psychological disorders and help people identify the causes of problem; reduce symptoms ; advance self-understanding ; improve relationships and live more fully.
I am an integrative Counsellor and Cognitive Behavioural Psychotherapist with over 10 years clinical experience of working in the NHS, voluntary organisations and private practice. I have extensive training in a range of different approaches ; this gives me a choice of ways of helping you and adapting my approach to best meet your individual needs. I have worked effectively with a broad range of clients from various background with their issues and treatment of different psychological disorders and help people identify the causes of problem; reduce symptoms ; advance self-understanding ; improve relationships and live more fully.
01634 949992 View 01634 949992
Photo of Diandra Rivelino - Embody You Therapies, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Embody You Therapies
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Serves Area
Struggling with self-doubt, relationship challenges, or a nagging sense that you're not living up to your potential? I offer a holistic approach to help you break free from limiting beliefs and step into your most authentic, empowered self. Through a blend of individual and/or couples-focused sessions, this transformative approach helps you to rewire negative thought patterns, improve communication skills, and cultivate a profound sense of self-love and acceptance. Immerse yourself in a safe, nurturing environment as you unlock your capacity for deeper connections, personal fulfilment, and vibrant well-being.
Struggling with self-doubt, relationship challenges, or a nagging sense that you're not living up to your potential? I offer a holistic approach to help you break free from limiting beliefs and step into your most authentic, empowered self. Through a blend of individual and/or couples-focused sessions, this transformative approach helps you to rewire negative thought patterns, improve communication skills, and cultivate a profound sense of self-love and acceptance. Immerse yourself in a safe, nurturing environment as you unlock your capacity for deeper connections, personal fulfilment, and vibrant well-being.
020 3962 1451 View 020 3962 1451
Photo of Sally Barnes, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Sally Barnes
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Serves Area
You may feel that something is not quite right in your life or have a feeling of not being good enough. I offer a space where we can look at these things together. I can be by your side as you grapple with uncomfortable feelings, self-acceptance, social anxiety or difficult relationships. My life experience also makes me well placed to help people going through life changes and struggling with loss.
You may feel that something is not quite right in your life or have a feeling of not being good enough. I offer a space where we can look at these things together. I can be by your side as you grapple with uncomfortable feelings, self-acceptance, social anxiety or difficult relationships. My life experience also makes me well placed to help people going through life changes and struggling with loss.
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Photo of Lorraine Alison Faisal, Counsellor, MBACP
Lorraine Alison Faisal
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
How many minutes, hours, days, weeks, months or years have you spent wanting to change the way you live your life? How many different methods have you tried to silence your inner critic ? But failed because self doubt, guilt, anger, shame, procrastination or fear has kept you psychologically paralysed? How many times have you told yourself that you are going to stop your self destructive behaviour, only to find yourself embroiled in the same self defeating habits the next day, week or month? Do you see yourself ebbing further and further away from your life goals, dreams and ambitions?
How many minutes, hours, days, weeks, months or years have you spent wanting to change the way you live your life? How many different methods have you tried to silence your inner critic ? But failed because self doubt, guilt, anger, shame, procrastination or fear has kept you psychologically paralysed? How many times have you told yourself that you are going to stop your self destructive behaviour, only to find yourself embroiled in the same self defeating habits the next day, week or month? Do you see yourself ebbing further and further away from your life goals, dreams and ambitions?
01708 983522 View 01708 983522
Photo of Clare Walford - Clare Walford Counselling , Counsellor, MBACP
Clare Walford Counselling
Counsellor, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I work with adults who may be feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or struggling with past or present challenges. I provide clients with a safe, supportive space to explore their thoughts and feelings without judgment. They may be looking for greater clarity, healing from trauma, or simply a place to be truly heard and understood as they navigate life’s ups and downs.
I work with adults who may be feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or struggling with past or present challenges. I provide clients with a safe, supportive space to explore their thoughts and feelings without judgment. They may be looking for greater clarity, healing from trauma, or simply a place to be truly heard and understood as they navigate life’s ups and downs.
01708 204186 View 01708 204186
Photo of Dr Maria Smaga, Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Dr Maria Smaga
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
As a Principal Counselling Psychologist based in London and registered with the Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC), I bring over 20 years of clinical experience and NHS training across a range of psychological approaches. My integrative style combines Person-Centred Therapy, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), and Psychodynamic Theory, with particular expertise in EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and mindfulness-based methods—all supporting the journey toward finding Eudaimonia.
As a Principal Counselling Psychologist based in London and registered with the Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC), I bring over 20 years of clinical experience and NHS training across a range of psychological approaches. My integrative style combines Person-Centred Therapy, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), and Psychodynamic Theory, with particular expertise in EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and mindfulness-based methods—all supporting the journey toward finding Eudaimonia.
020 3835 3389 View 020 3835 3389
Photo of Shahanara Begum, Counsellor, MBACP
Shahanara Begum
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
Are you someone who is feeling stuck or alone, struggling with depression or anxiety? Sometimes we go through low points in life and need some support to get through it. I offer a non-judgemental and a confidential space for all my clients. I work with my clients to heal from traumatic/painful experiences. I help clients to learn to value themselves, increase their self-worth and being their authentic selves. Whether your goal is to overcome depression/anxiety, or feel like you've lost direction in life, I will endeavour to assist you to reach your goal. I am in my late 40's and have also been through my own healing journey.
Are you someone who is feeling stuck or alone, struggling with depression or anxiety? Sometimes we go through low points in life and need some support to get through it. I offer a non-judgemental and a confidential space for all my clients. I work with my clients to heal from traumatic/painful experiences. I help clients to learn to value themselves, increase their self-worth and being their authentic selves. Whether your goal is to overcome depression/anxiety, or feel like you've lost direction in life, I will endeavour to assist you to reach your goal. I am in my late 40's and have also been through my own healing journey.
07479 272344 View 07479 272344
Photo of Shirley Banton - Leyvon Psychotherapy, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Leyvon Psychotherapy
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Serves Area
Are you feeling overwhelmed, struggling to make decisions, or noticing a loss of motivation? If so, you’re in the right place. Life’s pressures can weigh heavily on the mind, and it’s easy to forget how vulnerable we can feel when challenges build up. In moments like these, having a compassionate, steady presence can make all the difference. My name is Shirley Banton, and I am a qualified Psychotherapist offering online, telephone, and face-to-face counselling. I provide a gentle, grounded, and reassuring space for anyone navigating emotional difficulties, big or small. If you’re ready to gain clarity, feel more supported, or take
Are you feeling overwhelmed, struggling to make decisions, or noticing a loss of motivation? If so, you’re in the right place. Life’s pressures can weigh heavily on the mind, and it’s easy to forget how vulnerable we can feel when challenges build up. In moments like these, having a compassionate, steady presence can make all the difference. My name is Shirley Banton, and I am a qualified Psychotherapist offering online, telephone, and face-to-face counselling. I provide a gentle, grounded, and reassuring space for anyone navigating emotional difficulties, big or small. If you’re ready to gain clarity, feel more supported, or take
01708 361633 View 01708 361633
Photo of Deborah Jane Emery - Viewpoint Counselling, Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Viewpoint Counselling
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Serves Area
Hello my name is Deborah. I am an integrative therapist which means I am trained in a number of different approaches. This gives me a choice of ways of helping you and adapt my approach to best meet your individual needs. I address a variety of client issues to help people identify the causes of problems; reduce symptoms; advance self-understanding; improve relationships and live more fully. Viewpoint Counselling offers you a sense of being deeply understood to resolve conflicts that prevent you from enjoying your life and helps you to discover new perspectives, personal goals and ambitions.
Hello my name is Deborah. I am an integrative therapist which means I am trained in a number of different approaches. This gives me a choice of ways of helping you and adapt my approach to best meet your individual needs. I address a variety of client issues to help people identify the causes of problems; reduce symptoms; advance self-understanding; improve relationships and live more fully. Viewpoint Counselling offers you a sense of being deeply understood to resolve conflicts that prevent you from enjoying your life and helps you to discover new perspectives, personal goals and ambitions.
01708 985485 View 01708 985485

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in RM1

30+

Average cost per session

£60

Counsellors in RM1 who prioritize treating:

97% Anxiety
92% Self Esteem
89% Depression
87% Stress
84% Relationship Issues
79% Bereavement
71% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

56% Aviva
56% Bupa
56% WPA

How Counsellors in RM1 see their clients

92% In Person and Online
8% Online Only

Gender breakdown

74% Female
26% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in RM1?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.