Photo of Tanis Howell, Counsellor in England
Tanis Howell
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Waitlist for new clients
Building trust and forging a relationship is essential and I am committed to every client - the focus is very much on the individual.
I work in Cambridge offering short or long-term counselling (online and face-to-face) to people from a variety of backgrounds, including students and young adults. My aim is to provide a warm, safe and confidential environment where people feel comfortable to talk about their lives. Everyone comes with something different to talk about - perhaps you've got relationship issues, or you are at a turning point in your life. Maybe you want to talk about how the past is impacting on you right now. What matters is feeling supported and guided as you explore your world.
Building trust and forging a relationship is essential and I am committed to every client - the focus is very much on the individual.
I work in Cambridge offering short or long-term counselling (online and face-to-face) to people from a variety of backgrounds, including students and young adults. My aim is to provide a warm, safe and confidential environment where people feel comfortable to talk about their lives. Everyone comes with something different to talk about - perhaps you've got relationship issues, or you are at a turning point in your life. Maybe you want to talk about how the past is impacting on you right now. What matters is feeling supported and guided as you explore your world.
01223 750483 View 01223 750483
Photo of Dr Danielle Bream-Jackson, Psychologist in England
Dr Danielle Bream-Jackson
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
London SE16  (Online Only)
Life can be hard sometimes, it's inevitable. I take pride in providing clients with a safe, confidential and secure space, where they eventually not only survive life's hardships, but thrive. My most recent experience has been in supporting individuals (and their families) who are diagnosed with cancer. Nevertheless, I have experience with working across the lifespan and with a variety of different presentations and diagnoses, including depression, anxiety, trauma (including complex trauma) and relationship/sexual difficulties.
Life can be hard sometimes, it's inevitable. I take pride in providing clients with a safe, confidential and secure space, where they eventually not only survive life's hardships, but thrive. My most recent experience has been in supporting individuals (and their families) who are diagnosed with cancer. Nevertheless, I have experience with working across the lifespan and with a variety of different presentations and diagnoses, including depression, anxiety, trauma (including complex trauma) and relationship/sexual difficulties.
01538 710667 View 01538 710667
Photo of Uschi Gramann, Psychotherapist in England
Uschi Gramann
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Welcome! I am an experienced Psychotherapist, Counsellor and Art psychotherapist. You may suffer from anxiety or depression or feel unsure about how to deal with relationship difficulties, separation , identity issues, bereavement ,mental health or addiction problems. You may feel stuck in certain patterns that you may wish to change and need support with. Making contact with people may feel difficult or you have low self confidence; the pandemic may have contributed to feelings of isolation and questioning one's future and purpose in life. In these situations it helps to express either verbally or through doing art your feelings.
Welcome! I am an experienced Psychotherapist, Counsellor and Art psychotherapist. You may suffer from anxiety or depression or feel unsure about how to deal with relationship difficulties, separation , identity issues, bereavement ,mental health or addiction problems. You may feel stuck in certain patterns that you may wish to change and need support with. Making contact with people may feel difficult or you have low self confidence; the pandemic may have contributed to feelings of isolation and questioning one's future and purpose in life. In these situations it helps to express either verbally or through doing art your feelings.
020 4538 2240 View 020 4538 2240
Photo of Balance Counselling, Counsellor in England
Balance Counselling
Counsellor, MA, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
All of the approaches that I draw upon are 'relational' - they are based upon my belief that through relationship with others we can work toward healing our emotional wounds and developing as an individual.
I am an Accredited member of the BACP (this means that my 'practice has been deemed to meet the higher standard as a competent, ethical and independent practitioner'.) I have over 20 years experience of working with different client groups, working with clients to address a range of different issues and difficulties. I am experienced at working with men, women and young people. My counselling practice is based from a quiet and calming space (see photos) with free & accessible parking.
All of the approaches that I draw upon are 'relational' - they are based upon my belief that through relationship with others we can work toward healing our emotional wounds and developing as an individual.
I am an Accredited member of the BACP (this means that my 'practice has been deemed to meet the higher standard as a competent, ethical and independent practitioner'.) I have over 20 years experience of working with different client groups, working with clients to address a range of different issues and difficulties. I am experienced at working with men, women and young people. My counselling practice is based from a quiet and calming space (see photos) with free & accessible parking.
01277 505816 View 01277 505816
Photo of Michelle Robinson, Counsellor in England
Michelle Robinson
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Morpeth NE61
As a person-centred therapist we will engage in a therapeutic relationship based on fundamental respect and non-judgemental acceptance.
Hi there, thanks for checking my profile. Sometimes life events can feel overwhelming and impact us in a myriad of ways. You might be feeling stuck in a rut at work or in a personal relationship and want a space to consider the reasons for this in a safe and non-judgemental relationship. I will work with whatever you bring to therapy and together we will commit to establishing your objectives and through the medium of the therapeutic relationship I will assist you towards resolution. I have experience working with under 18s, the elderly as well as adults.Areas of expertise include life transitions such as death, divorce, retirement.
As a person-centred therapist we will engage in a therapeutic relationship based on fundamental respect and non-judgemental acceptance.
Hi there, thanks for checking my profile. Sometimes life events can feel overwhelming and impact us in a myriad of ways. You might be feeling stuck in a rut at work or in a personal relationship and want a space to consider the reasons for this in a safe and non-judgemental relationship. I will work with whatever you bring to therapy and together we will commit to establishing your objectives and through the medium of the therapeutic relationship I will assist you towards resolution. I have experience working with under 18s, the elderly as well as adults.Areas of expertise include life transitions such as death, divorce, retirement.
07449 768633 View 07449 768633
Photo of Dr Anna Wachowska Psychologist, Psychologist in England
Dr Anna Wachowska Psychologist
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
London N20  (Online Only)
I also pay attention to how my clients manage and relate to their emotions, supporting them to develop a more compassionate relationship with themselves.
I am a Counselling Psychologist and I work in an integrative and holistic way, accounting for both the mind and the body, drawing on different therapeutic approaches in order to meet my client’s needs. However, I tend to use the psychodynamic perspective centrally in my practice, focusing on making key links between the past and the present; this also means that I take into special consideration attachment based wounds, the unconscious factors contributing to the development and maintenance of difficulties as well as the ways in which we relate to ourselves and to others.
I also pay attention to how my clients manage and relate to their emotions, supporting them to develop a more compassionate relationship with themselves.
I am a Counselling Psychologist and I work in an integrative and holistic way, accounting for both the mind and the body, drawing on different therapeutic approaches in order to meet my client’s needs. However, I tend to use the psychodynamic perspective centrally in my practice, focusing on making key links between the past and the present; this also means that I take into special consideration attachment based wounds, the unconscious factors contributing to the development and maintenance of difficulties as well as the ways in which we relate to ourselves and to others.
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Photo of Nigel Magowan, Psychotherapist in England
Nigel Magowan
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Verified Verified
I am an experienced psychotherapist and have been in full-time private practice in Manchester since 2002. I use a flexible integrative approach and offer both long-term psychotherapy and counselling, as well as short-term therapies. I integrate psychotherapy with CBT, EMDR, Somatic Therapies, IFS, Focusing, DBT Skills, DBR, NLP and life coaching. I have experience of working with a wide range of issues including anxiety, PTSD, Complex PTSD, bereavement, BPD, depression, stress, abuse, generalised anxiety, OCD, public speaking, low self-esteem, relationship issues, shame, IBS and pain management. I am BACP and UKCP registered.
I am an experienced psychotherapist and have been in full-time private practice in Manchester since 2002. I use a flexible integrative approach and offer both long-term psychotherapy and counselling, as well as short-term therapies. I integrate psychotherapy with CBT, EMDR, Somatic Therapies, IFS, Focusing, DBT Skills, DBR, NLP and life coaching. I have experience of working with a wide range of issues including anxiety, PTSD, Complex PTSD, bereavement, BPD, depression, stress, abuse, generalised anxiety, OCD, public speaking, low self-esteem, relationship issues, shame, IBS and pain management. I am BACP and UKCP registered.
0161 696 3016 View 0161 696 3016
Photo of CBT Therapy Manchester (Individuals & Couples), Psychotherapist in England
CBT Therapy Manchester (Individuals & Couples)
Psychotherapist, MA, MBABCP
Verified Verified
Relationship struggles? Turn a good relationship into a great relationship. Resolve long standing difficulties. Relationship near break-up and you want to decide if the relationship can be saved? Imago Relationship Therapy can help towards more safety, connection, empathy, compassion & understanding in your relationship. Anxious, worrying a lot, stressed, low in mood, irritable? CBT (cognitive behavioural therapy) can help. Be in touch for a free initial discussion.
Relationship struggles? Turn a good relationship into a great relationship. Resolve long standing difficulties. Relationship near break-up and you want to decide if the relationship can be saved? Imago Relationship Therapy can help towards more safety, connection, empathy, compassion & understanding in your relationship. Anxious, worrying a lot, stressed, low in mood, irritable? CBT (cognitive behavioural therapy) can help. Be in touch for a free initial discussion.
0161 509 6679 View 0161 509 6679
Photo of Dr Nicola Connolly, Psychologist in England
Dr Nicola Connolly
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Hello and a warm welcome! I am a Consultant Clinical Psychologist with over 24 years experience working both in the NHS and in private practice. I have worked with both adolescents who struggle to talk, to adults with a wide range of mental health problems, and couples with relationship difficulties. I am trained in several therapies that I will tailor to your unique needs. It can feel very daunting trying to find the right therapist for your needs and I therefore offer you a free 30 minute Zoom meeting or phonecall to meet with me to put you at ease and to see if I am the right person who can help.
Hello and a warm welcome! I am a Consultant Clinical Psychologist with over 24 years experience working both in the NHS and in private practice. I have worked with both adolescents who struggle to talk, to adults with a wide range of mental health problems, and couples with relationship difficulties. I am trained in several therapies that I will tailor to your unique needs. It can feel very daunting trying to find the right therapist for your needs and I therefore offer you a free 30 minute Zoom meeting or phonecall to meet with me to put you at ease and to see if I am the right person who can help.
01494 509324 View 01494 509324
Photo of Dragana Djukic, Psychotherapist in England
Dragana Djukic
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Verified Verified
London SW14
I have a particular interest and vast experience (25+ years) in working with stress, anxiety, panic attacks, phobias, depression, and relationship issues. I offer ONLINE therapy only, for now – via Skype, FaceTime, WhatsApp and Zoom. I provide a safe and supportive space for you to express your feelings and thoughts so to gain clarity and make a positive, lasting change. For more information, please contact me on 079 0889 0336, or visit my website www.quantumkoan.com
I have a particular interest and vast experience (25+ years) in working with stress, anxiety, panic attacks, phobias, depression, and relationship issues. I offer ONLINE therapy only, for now – via Skype, FaceTime, WhatsApp and Zoom. I provide a safe and supportive space for you to express your feelings and thoughts so to gain clarity and make a positive, lasting change. For more information, please contact me on 079 0889 0336, or visit my website www.quantumkoan.com
07908 890336 View 07908 890336
Photo of MD of Harley St. Psychotherapy Ltd (Amanda Goss), Psychotherapist in England
MD of Harley St. Psychotherapy Ltd (Amanda Goss)
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
We can help with 1-1 Counselling; Relationship issues; Anxiety; Depression; Stress; Low Self Esteem; Social Anxiety; Loneliness; Child Therapy; Young Persons Counselling; Family Therapy; Walking Therapy; Addiction; Eating Disorders; Sexual Abuse; Bereavement; ADHD/Autism/Asp.
Are you anxious/depressed/stressed/unhappy? Maybe you know the issue and don't want to feel this way any more? Even if you don't exactly know what is wrong, we will work with you to find out the cause so that you can live a happier, more contented life. We aim to get to the root of the problem so that the change is permanent. If you haven't had counselling before, or feel nervous about it, please call me for an informal chat. Counselling can be (and often is) a life changing experience. We suggest a 1st session, by the end of which you will know if you want to carry on. If you are a couple we have a specialist. Feel free to call.
We can help with 1-1 Counselling; Relationship issues; Anxiety; Depression; Stress; Low Self Esteem; Social Anxiety; Loneliness; Child Therapy; Young Persons Counselling; Family Therapy; Walking Therapy; Addiction; Eating Disorders; Sexual Abuse; Bereavement; ADHD/Autism/Asp.
Are you anxious/depressed/stressed/unhappy? Maybe you know the issue and don't want to feel this way any more? Even if you don't exactly know what is wrong, we will work with you to find out the cause so that you can live a happier, more contented life. We aim to get to the root of the problem so that the change is permanent. If you haven't had counselling before, or feel nervous about it, please call me for an informal chat. Counselling can be (and often is) a life changing experience. We suggest a 1st session, by the end of which you will know if you want to carry on. If you are a couple we have a specialist. Feel free to call.
020 4538 3988 View 020 4538 3988
Photo of Pauline Mabey, Psychotherapist in England
Pauline Mabey
Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
I believe the therapeutic relationship can encourage clients to feel safe, heard, and seen in a space that offers support, respect and acceptance.
Hi and a warm welcome to my profile. I have a wealth of experience working with a wide range of clients, supporting them through difficult life events and personal circumstances, including relationship issues, depression, anxiety, bereavement, sexuality, and uncertainty. I offer an inclusive, confidential, and judgement-free space in which I encourage clients to express themselves and share whatever is weighing heavily. Together we can have a greater understanding of yourself, your relationships and life.
I believe the therapeutic relationship can encourage clients to feel safe, heard, and seen in a space that offers support, respect and acceptance.
Hi and a warm welcome to my profile. I have a wealth of experience working with a wide range of clients, supporting them through difficult life events and personal circumstances, including relationship issues, depression, anxiety, bereavement, sexuality, and uncertainty. I offer an inclusive, confidential, and judgement-free space in which I encourage clients to express themselves and share whatever is weighing heavily. Together we can have a greater understanding of yourself, your relationships and life.
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Photo of Mandi Simons Counselling & Psychotherapy Practice, Psychotherapist in England
Mandi Simons Counselling & Psychotherapy Practice
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Finding the Right Counsellor for You. Welcome to Mandi Simons Counselling and Psychotherapy Practice. We are a team of experienced practitioners providing counselling which is tailored to your needs in Hampstead, Stanmore and online.Our team comprises of CBT and integrative therapists specialising in many different areas, such as depression, anxiety, bereavement, addiction, neurodiversity and relationship issues, allowing us to provide tailored expert help for all kinds of issues. lthough we are all experts in several different fields, we all share the same approach of working with clients in an empathic, individual way,
Finding the Right Counsellor for You. Welcome to Mandi Simons Counselling and Psychotherapy Practice. We are a team of experienced practitioners providing counselling which is tailored to your needs in Hampstead, Stanmore and online.Our team comprises of CBT and integrative therapists specialising in many different areas, such as depression, anxiety, bereavement, addiction, neurodiversity and relationship issues, allowing us to provide tailored expert help for all kinds of issues. lthough we are all experts in several different fields, we all share the same approach of working with clients in an empathic, individual way,
020 3872 2042 View 020 3872 2042
Photo of Zoë Pool, Psychotherapist in England
Zoë Pool
Psychotherapist, PhD, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Bournemouth BH6  (Online Only)
I prioritise an empathic, accepting therapeutic relationship as essential to our work together.
Finding the therapist that is right for you may feel a challenge, especially at a time when you may be feeling vulnerable or uncertain, perhaps facing a crisis point. This is not unusual, whether you have undertaken therapy in the past or whether this is the first time you have sought therapy. Sometimes we need help to overcome conflicts and blocks in ourselves and in our relationships that are confusing and difficult to face. I understand that you are a unique and complex individual, with many facets and aspects of who you are, how you experience yourself, and how you have had to adapt as you confront life's struggles.
I prioritise an empathic, accepting therapeutic relationship as essential to our work together.
Finding the therapist that is right for you may feel a challenge, especially at a time when you may be feeling vulnerable or uncertain, perhaps facing a crisis point. This is not unusual, whether you have undertaken therapy in the past or whether this is the first time you have sought therapy. Sometimes we need help to overcome conflicts and blocks in ourselves and in our relationships that are confusing and difficult to face. I understand that you are a unique and complex individual, with many facets and aspects of who you are, how you experience yourself, and how you have had to adapt as you confront life's struggles.
01354 705990 View 01354 705990
Photo of Helen Willoughby, Counsellor in England
Helen Willoughby
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Forest Row RH18  (Online Only)
This will enable you to build trust in our therapeutic relationship and for you to see that change can happen and the feeling of being stuck begins to leave.
To hold onto issues whether from childhood or a few years ago can keep us in a place that is painful and confusing and can seem impossible to move on from. This can lead to mental health problems such as anxiety or depression or some form of addiction that keeps you stuck. By starting to talk through these issues with a counsellor it can lead to a freedom and understanding about yourself and then you are able to move on with your life.
This will enable you to build trust in our therapeutic relationship and for you to see that change can happen and the feeling of being stuck begins to leave.
To hold onto issues whether from childhood or a few years ago can keep us in a place that is painful and confusing and can seem impossible to move on from. This can lead to mental health problems such as anxiety or depression or some form of addiction that keeps you stuck. By starting to talk through these issues with a counsellor it can lead to a freedom and understanding about yourself and then you are able to move on with your life.
01342 659974 View 01342 659974
Photo of Julie Ann Deighton, Counsellor in England
Julie Ann Deighton
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Leeds LS13  (Online Only)
I am a relational counsellor, the relationship I share with my clients is very important.
Deciding to have counselling may seem a difficult step to take especially when your feeling stressed, anxious or vulnerable. Choosing which therapist and approach is right for you can seem overwhelming. The key to successful and effective therapy is the client/counsellor relationship. Regardless of the counselling approach used. I am an experienced and qualified therapist, who offers short and longer term counselling for individuals. I am an accredited member of the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) This can assure the client that I maintain a high level of professional practice.
I am a relational counsellor, the relationship I share with my clients is very important.
Deciding to have counselling may seem a difficult step to take especially when your feeling stressed, anxious or vulnerable. Choosing which therapist and approach is right for you can seem overwhelming. The key to successful and effective therapy is the client/counsellor relationship. Regardless of the counselling approach used. I am an experienced and qualified therapist, who offers short and longer term counselling for individuals. I am an accredited member of the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) This can assure the client that I maintain a high level of professional practice.
0113 519 4116 View 0113 519 4116
Photo of Laura Alonso Mira, Counsellor in England
Laura Alonso Mira
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
London WC2H  (Online Only)
We specialise in anxiety, depression, family and relationship issues, trauma, addiction, and self-esteem.
If you’re considering therapy, it might be due to a rough patch that has turned your world upside down or a lingering feeling of being lost or stuck. You might be battling anxiety or depression, feeling the weight of old wounds in your current relationships, or sensing that life's just not what you thought it would be. These internal battles can be disorienting, making every day a little harder to face. In therapy, we will work together to shine a light on the patterns you are tired of repeating, the thoughts that keep you awake at night, and the feelings that might not have a name yet.
We specialise in anxiety, depression, family and relationship issues, trauma, addiction, and self-esteem.
If you’re considering therapy, it might be due to a rough patch that has turned your world upside down or a lingering feeling of being lost or stuck. You might be battling anxiety or depression, feeling the weight of old wounds in your current relationships, or sensing that life's just not what you thought it would be. These internal battles can be disorienting, making every day a little harder to face. In therapy, we will work together to shine a light on the patterns you are tired of repeating, the thoughts that keep you awake at night, and the feelings that might not have a name yet.
020 3910 8375 View 020 3910 8375
Photo of Olayide Williams, Counsellor in England
Olayide Williams
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
I am experienced in working with a variety of presenting issues such as;Stress & Anxiety, Depression, Abuse, Relationship issues and coping as a carer.
A warm welcome. What's bothering you might seem small on the outside but can actually be very big on the inside thus impairing you from enjoying and living your best life everyday. You can't change the past but you can change the influence that the past is having on you.  I will offer you a safe, private and peaceful space to talk about the difficulties you are facing, to reflect on past experiences that may have left you anxious or depressed, and to work alongside you in making the changes that you feel you need. I am an accredited member of the British Association of Counsellors and Psychotherapists (BACP
I am experienced in working with a variety of presenting issues such as;Stress & Anxiety, Depression, Abuse, Relationship issues and coping as a carer.
A warm welcome. What's bothering you might seem small on the outside but can actually be very big on the inside thus impairing you from enjoying and living your best life everyday. You can't change the past but you can change the influence that the past is having on you.  I will offer you a safe, private and peaceful space to talk about the difficulties you are facing, to reflect on past experiences that may have left you anxious or depressed, and to work alongside you in making the changes that you feel you need. I am an accredited member of the British Association of Counsellors and Psychotherapists (BACP
01322 918477 View 01322 918477
Photo of Sophie Singh, Counsellor in England
Sophie Singh
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, BACP
Verified Verified
I work with a variety of issues including self-esteem, anxiety, depression, marital/relationship problems, stress, work related issues, addictions, teen problems and many more.
We all need help from time to time, and you shouldn't be embarrassed for asking for it. I am a down to earth and compassionate person, who understands what it is like to need a boost. In my years I have truly heard it all, and my biggest goal is to empower rather than judge my clients. One of my favourite quotes comes from Marisa Peer who explains that “to be happy you have to make peace with your past, love the present and feel so excited about the future”. No problem is too big to solve and I have witnessed counselling change the lives of so many people and I know I can help change yours too.
I work with a variety of issues including self-esteem, anxiety, depression, marital/relationship problems, stress, work related issues, addictions, teen problems and many more.
We all need help from time to time, and you shouldn't be embarrassed for asking for it. I am a down to earth and compassionate person, who understands what it is like to need a boost. In my years I have truly heard it all, and my biggest goal is to empower rather than judge my clients. One of my favourite quotes comes from Marisa Peer who explains that “to be happy you have to make peace with your past, love the present and feel so excited about the future”. No problem is too big to solve and I have witnessed counselling change the lives of so many people and I know I can help change yours too.
020 4538 2847 View 020 4538 2847
Photo of Debbie Adams, Counsellor in England
Debbie Adams
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Waitlist for new clients
All the research suggests that one of the most important factors in successful therapy is the relationship between client and counsellor, therefore I offer a free introductory phone call where we can discuss what you would like from counselling, what I offer, and you can ask any questions that you may have.
I am a qualified counsellor/psychotherapist (MSc counselling Psychology) and clinical supervisor with over 18 years experience of counselling adults with a wide range of concerns such as depression, stress, anxiety, self-esteem, bereavement, relationship difficulties, workplace issues, alcohol misuse, domestic abuse, childhood trauma, sexual trauma. I am an integrative counsellor, which means that I work flexibly, using a variety of approaches that are tailored specifically to meet your needs. I offer both short-term counselling and long-term counselling/psychotherapy, either in-person, via video link, telephone, or a combination.
All the research suggests that one of the most important factors in successful therapy is the relationship between client and counsellor, therefore I offer a free introductory phone call where we can discuss what you would like from counselling, what I offer, and you can ask any questions that you may have.
I am a qualified counsellor/psychotherapist (MSc counselling Psychology) and clinical supervisor with over 18 years experience of counselling adults with a wide range of concerns such as depression, stress, anxiety, self-esteem, bereavement, relationship difficulties, workplace issues, alcohol misuse, domestic abuse, childhood trauma, sexual trauma. I am an integrative counsellor, which means that I work flexibly, using a variety of approaches that are tailored specifically to meet your needs. I offer both short-term counselling and long-term counselling/psychotherapy, either in-person, via video link, telephone, or a combination.
01743 293289 View 01743 293289

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Relationship Issues Counsellors
While need for human connection appears to be innate, the ability to form healthy, loving relationships is learned. Some evidence suggests that the ability to form a stable relationship starts to form in infancy, in a child's earliest experiences with a caregiver who reliably meets the infant's needs for food, care, warmth, protection, stimulation, and social contact. Such relationships are not destiny, but they are theorized to establish deeply ingrained patterns of relating to others. The end of a relationship, however, is often a source of great psychological anguish.