Counselling in Penarth

Photo of Annie Szary, Psychotherapist in Penarth, Wales
Annie Szary
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Penarth CF64  (Online Only)
Counselling & Psychotherapy help you overcome life’s problems, improve your well-being & help make positive changes to lead a more fulfilling life. I have over 12 years of working in counselling, psychotherapy & Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) and over 25 years registered social work with family's . I offer CBT & counselling for many problems which affect people throughout the course of their lives. I offer help with issues such as anxiety, depression, trauma & generational trauma, stress and anger issues, PTSD, insomnia, low self-esteem, self-harm, drug & alcohol issues, complex bereavement and childhood abuse.
Counselling & Psychotherapy help you overcome life’s problems, improve your well-being & help make positive changes to lead a more fulfilling life. I have over 12 years of working in counselling, psychotherapy & Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) and over 25 years registered social work with family's . I offer CBT & counselling for many problems which affect people throughout the course of their lives. I offer help with issues such as anxiety, depression, trauma & generational trauma, stress and anger issues, PTSD, insomnia, low self-esteem, self-harm, drug & alcohol issues, complex bereavement and childhood abuse.
029 2167 3529 View 029 2167 3529
Photo of Caithlin Tracey, Counsellor in Penarth, Wales
Caithlin Tracey
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Penarth CF64
Anxiety, panic, agoraphobia, insomnia, depression, often seem to come from nowhere. It can feel like they are controlling and limiting you, your life, relationships. Working together at your pace, from a place of safety, we can explore and uncover the root causes and plan a way forward. Counseling, Mindfulness and CBT are all powerful tools for noticing, exploring, managing and transforming difficult feelings, sensations, thoughts and behaviours. These are also empowering approaches which aim to help you develop self-awareness, self-esteem, self-acceptance and self-determination. I offer in-person therapy to women and online to all.
Anxiety, panic, agoraphobia, insomnia, depression, often seem to come from nowhere. It can feel like they are controlling and limiting you, your life, relationships. Working together at your pace, from a place of safety, we can explore and uncover the root causes and plan a way forward. Counseling, Mindfulness and CBT are all powerful tools for noticing, exploring, managing and transforming difficult feelings, sensations, thoughts and behaviours. These are also empowering approaches which aim to help you develop self-awareness, self-esteem, self-acceptance and self-determination. I offer in-person therapy to women and online to all.
029 2271 2290 View 029 2271 2290
Photo of Matthew Reed, Psychotherapist in Penarth, Wales
Matthew Reed
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Penarth CF64
Hi, my name is Matt and I'm an Integrative counsellor with 12 years post qualification experience. My aim is to build a relationship of trust, help you understand the difficulties you may be dealing with so you can make choices towards living the life you want. Sounds easy in words right? Starting counselling is daunting and going through the process is hard as it will more than likely bring up uncomfortable emotions, thoughts, memories, realisations and truths. However, and this is where i'd like to help, with empathy, time, compassion and understanding we can work together and get you to the place you need to live your life.
Hi, my name is Matt and I'm an Integrative counsellor with 12 years post qualification experience. My aim is to build a relationship of trust, help you understand the difficulties you may be dealing with so you can make choices towards living the life you want. Sounds easy in words right? Starting counselling is daunting and going through the process is hard as it will more than likely bring up uncomfortable emotions, thoughts, memories, realisations and truths. However, and this is where i'd like to help, with empathy, time, compassion and understanding we can work together and get you to the place you need to live your life.
029 2271 2806 View 029 2271 2806
Photo of Leeza Jane Moore, Psychotherapist in Penarth, Wales
Leeza Jane Moore
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Penarth CF64
I am a warm, caring, compassionate and experienced therapist for children, young people and adults who struggle with everyday anxieties who may feel marginalised and isolated in their lives. For Children and Young People - counselling differs from that offered to counselling adults. A child's age specific difficulties and their development will determine the method I use to support children in expressing their thoughts, feelings and physical emotions. Working together ensures a positive outcome while covering issues such as Trauma, sexual abuse, anxiety, depression, self- harm, bullying and low self-esteem.
I am a warm, caring, compassionate and experienced therapist for children, young people and adults who struggle with everyday anxieties who may feel marginalised and isolated in their lives. For Children and Young People - counselling differs from that offered to counselling adults. A child's age specific difficulties and their development will determine the method I use to support children in expressing their thoughts, feelings and physical emotions. Working together ensures a positive outcome while covering issues such as Trauma, sexual abuse, anxiety, depression, self- harm, bullying and low self-esteem.
029 2271 1321 View 029 2271 1321
Photo of Dr Gareth Davies, Psychologist in Penarth, Wales
Dr Gareth Davies
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Penarth CF64
Hi there and welcome. If you’re here then it’s likely something in life isn’t working as well as you’d like it to. Whatever the main issue is, therapy is an investment and choosing the right therapist is a big decision. I’ve worked across many settings but my main focus is adults who are experiencing emotional difficulties relating to grief, loss, shame, blame or self-criticism. I take a very holistic approach, so physical health and wellbeing, sleep and quality of life are areas of expertise I will be happy to focus on. Whether you feel grief about your past, scared of the future, or anything in between, I’d love to help.
Hi there and welcome. If you’re here then it’s likely something in life isn’t working as well as you’d like it to. Whatever the main issue is, therapy is an investment and choosing the right therapist is a big decision. I’ve worked across many settings but my main focus is adults who are experiencing emotional difficulties relating to grief, loss, shame, blame or self-criticism. I take a very holistic approach, so physical health and wellbeing, sleep and quality of life are areas of expertise I will be happy to focus on. Whether you feel grief about your past, scared of the future, or anything in between, I’d love to help.
029 2271 4421 View 029 2271 4421
Photo of Dr Mel Maton, Psychologist in Penarth, Wales
Dr Mel Maton
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, CPsychol
Verified Verified
Penarth CF64
You may be seeking counselling for a specific issue such as: stress, anxiety, depression, low self-esteem or feeling sad and these are all good reasons for seeking support. Alternatively your reason might be more difficult to put into words, not everyone has an identifiable reason for seeking support. Whatever your reason for counselling, I provide a confidential and non-judgmental space where your experiences, thoughts and feelings can be expressed and explored.
You may be seeking counselling for a specific issue such as: stress, anxiety, depression, low self-esteem or feeling sad and these are all good reasons for seeking support. Alternatively your reason might be more difficult to put into words, not everyone has an identifiable reason for seeking support. Whatever your reason for counselling, I provide a confidential and non-judgmental space where your experiences, thoughts and feelings can be expressed and explored.
0117 463 4241 View 0117 463 4241
Photo of Kate Lee, Psychotherapist in Penarth, Wales
Kate Lee
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
Penarth CF64
Kate prides herself on providing a comfortable space in which clients can authentically be and express themselves. Kate believes in the benefits of humour, directness, and creativity, and greets every client with unconditional positive regard.
Kate prides herself on providing a comfortable space in which clients can authentically be and express themselves. Kate believes in the benefits of humour, directness, and creativity, and greets every client with unconditional positive regard.
029 2271 2795 View 029 2271 2795
Photo of Dr Laura Coote, Psychologist in Penarth, Wales
Dr Laura Coote
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Penarth CF64
Waitlist for new clients
Hello! I am a clinical psychologist working for the NHS and privately in Cardiff and the Vale of Glamorgan. I work with both adults and children/ young people. I provide assessment and therapy for a wide range of difficulties including trauma, low mood, anxiety, stress, relationship and family problems.
Hello! I am a clinical psychologist working for the NHS and privately in Cardiff and the Vale of Glamorgan. I work with both adults and children/ young people. I provide assessment and therapy for a wide range of difficulties including trauma, low mood, anxiety, stress, relationship and family problems.
029 2271 5866 View 029 2271 5866
Photo of Gerrie Hughes, Psychotherapist in Penarth, Wales
Gerrie Hughes
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Penarth CF64
Thank you for taking the time to read my profile. If you are searching this site, it is likely that you are experiencing some kind of discomfort in your life. This may involve feelings of unease or distress, difficulties around connecting with others, or overwhelm with the speed, complexity and general sense of things getting worse that besets us in our world today.
Thank you for taking the time to read my profile. If you are searching this site, it is likely that you are experiencing some kind of discomfort in your life. This may involve feelings of unease or distress, difficulties around connecting with others, or overwhelm with the speed, complexity and general sense of things getting worse that besets us in our world today.
029 2271 0584 View 029 2271 0584
Photo of Jillian Kirkpatrick, Counsellor in Penarth, Wales
Jillian Kirkpatrick
Counsellor, MA, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Penarth CF64
Hello, I am a fully qualified, accredited counsellor and psychotherapist. My approach to Counselling is integrative I bring together different elements of specific therapies in order to suit your individual needs and circumstances. Together, we can explore your concerns in a safe and supportive environment. As a Mindfulness based Psychotherapist I offer long and short therapy. We can explore in depth how past experiences are affecting your life in the present and how suffering is maintained by this process. Please feel free to contact me if you require more information regarding psychotherapy.
Hello, I am a fully qualified, accredited counsellor and psychotherapist. My approach to Counselling is integrative I bring together different elements of specific therapies in order to suit your individual needs and circumstances. Together, we can explore your concerns in a safe and supportive environment. As a Mindfulness based Psychotherapist I offer long and short therapy. We can explore in depth how past experiences are affecting your life in the present and how suffering is maintained by this process. Please feel free to contact me if you require more information regarding psychotherapy.
029 2192 1670 View 029 2192 1670
Photo of Preeya Vara, Psychologist in Penarth, Wales
Preeya Vara
Psychologist, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
Penarth CF64
Hi! Thank you for taking the time to view my profile. I understand that taking the initial step of seeking support is often the hardest part of the journey and having the courage to ask for help takes incredible strength, so good on you! I believe that everyone deserves the chance of a brighter and fulfilling life and with the right skills, resources and support, the possibilities of personal growth and development are limitless.
Hi! Thank you for taking the time to view my profile. I understand that taking the initial step of seeking support is often the hardest part of the journey and having the courage to ask for help takes incredible strength, so good on you! I believe that everyone deserves the chance of a brighter and fulfilling life and with the right skills, resources and support, the possibilities of personal growth and development are limitless.
029 2271 0052 View 029 2271 0052
Photo of Charlotte Deverell, Psychotherapist in Penarth, Wales
Charlotte Deverell
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
Penarth CF64
Life can sometimes throw many challenges our way and we may find it difficult to cope without support. Psychotherapy can help you regain balance, explore meaning, gain a greater understanding of yourself and learn healthier ways of coping and responding to everything that life throws at us. It can also be an opportunity for personal growth and help you achieve a happier and more meaningful life. I have experienced being in the seat of the client and understand the difficulty of taking steps to find a therapist you can connect with and help you make sense of it all.
Life can sometimes throw many challenges our way and we may find it difficult to cope without support. Psychotherapy can help you regain balance, explore meaning, gain a greater understanding of yourself and learn healthier ways of coping and responding to everything that life throws at us. It can also be an opportunity for personal growth and help you achieve a happier and more meaningful life. I have experienced being in the seat of the client and understand the difficulty of taking steps to find a therapist you can connect with and help you make sense of it all.
029 2271 0346 View 029 2271 0346
John Evans
Counsellor, BACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Penarth CF64
Having worked in the care profession all my life, my goal was always to help people to improve their lives. I completed my training as a counsellor some years ago and now work primarily in a volunteer capacity though I keep some time to work privately. My focus about helping people hasn't changed. I will want to listen carefully to you and what you want though some people take time to understand their needs and often have little idea how to go about it.
Having worked in the care profession all my life, my goal was always to help people to improve their lives. I completed my training as a counsellor some years ago and now work primarily in a volunteer capacity though I keep some time to work privately. My focus about helping people hasn't changed. I will want to listen carefully to you and what you want though some people take time to understand their needs and often have little idea how to go about it.
029 2167 1832 View 029 2167 1832
Photo of Fortitude Mums, Psychologist in Penarth, Wales
Fortitude Mums
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Penarth CF64
Getting pregnant…giving birth…adjusting to being a parent…managing health and mood challenges…knowing what to do with your baby. It is full of expectations and adjustments which can leave us with overwhelming emotions. I know what this is like and have met so many Mums who feel the same. Hello, I am Dr Sarah-Louise Hurst and I am passionate about providing you with therapy to help you create the change you are looking for. I can provide a tailor made therapy plan and equip you with psychological tools to make your day-to-day and experience of motherhood increasingly meaningful.
Getting pregnant…giving birth…adjusting to being a parent…managing health and mood challenges…knowing what to do with your baby. It is full of expectations and adjustments which can leave us with overwhelming emotions. I know what this is like and have met so many Mums who feel the same. Hello, I am Dr Sarah-Louise Hurst and I am passionate about providing you with therapy to help you create the change you are looking for. I can provide a tailor made therapy plan and equip you with psychological tools to make your day-to-day and experience of motherhood increasingly meaningful.
029 2271 7171 View 029 2271 7171
Photo of Sara Sirati, Counsellor in Penarth, Wales
Sara Sirati
Counsellor, MA, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Penarth CF64
I am a BACP accredited counsellor and supervisor with extensive experience in the field of counselling and psychotherapies. I deliver mental health awareness sessions in a variety of organisations and guest lecture at u My line of expertise include: working with Trauma/PTSD, sexual abuse, self-harm, Domestic Abuse, issues concerning gender, identity and sexuality, anxiety and depression. You may have existing experiences of counselling, or be completely new to counselling, nonetheless I am here to support you with any worries you may be having. I have experience of working with young people, as well as adults on a variety issues.
I am a BACP accredited counsellor and supervisor with extensive experience in the field of counselling and psychotherapies. I deliver mental health awareness sessions in a variety of organisations and guest lecture at u My line of expertise include: working with Trauma/PTSD, sexual abuse, self-harm, Domestic Abuse, issues concerning gender, identity and sexuality, anxiety and depression. You may have existing experiences of counselling, or be completely new to counselling, nonetheless I am here to support you with any worries you may be having. I have experience of working with young people, as well as adults on a variety issues.
029 2167 9526 View 029 2167 9526
Photo of Rhiannon Gray, Psychotherapist in Penarth, Wales
Rhiannon Gray
Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
Verified Verified
Penarth CF64
Life can be difficult to understand, to manage, to juggle and to embrace. My aim is to work with you to give you a better understanding of yourself. You may have asked “why do I feel the way I feel, why do I think the way I think, why am I the way I am.” Our work together will offer you a safe and supportive space, in a way that works for you, to explore these thoughts and feelings and offer new perspectives, tools and techniques to help adjust to a new way of being.
Life can be difficult to understand, to manage, to juggle and to embrace. My aim is to work with you to give you a better understanding of yourself. You may have asked “why do I feel the way I feel, why do I think the way I think, why am I the way I am.” Our work together will offer you a safe and supportive space, in a way that works for you, to explore these thoughts and feelings and offer new perspectives, tools and techniques to help adjust to a new way of being.
01443 800548 View 01443 800548
Photo of Woodland Counselling for Couples and Individuals, Psychotherapist in Penarth, Wales
Woodland Counselling for Couples and Individuals
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Penarth CF64
I have trained as an integrative counsellor, and believe that therapy can help us evolve from surviving to thriving. I became a counsellor for many reasons, but fundamentally because of the powerful way in which counselling can help you take back control of your life story; tomorrow does not have to be like yesterday. I can offer you a calm space to explore what feels safe to you until you are ready and I will not make assumptions about the individual struggles you are going through. I work with the full belief that it is possible to find a way through your experiences and re-gain that sense of who you are.
I have trained as an integrative counsellor, and believe that therapy can help us evolve from surviving to thriving. I became a counsellor for many reasons, but fundamentally because of the powerful way in which counselling can help you take back control of your life story; tomorrow does not have to be like yesterday. I can offer you a calm space to explore what feels safe to you until you are ready and I will not make assumptions about the individual struggles you are going through. I work with the full belief that it is possible to find a way through your experiences and re-gain that sense of who you are.
View
Photo of Sheila Daly, Counsellor in Penarth, Wales
Sheila Daly
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Penarth CF64
I truly believe that no matter who you are or where you are from, at some stage in your life you will experience difficulties and therapy can make all the difference. There are many issues that can feel overwhelming e.g. depression, anxiety, relationships to name but a few and I know it can feel quite scary taking that first step talking to someone you don't know. However, you will find that I am really easy to talk to, professional and have a wealth of knowledge and experience. My aim is to make a difference and have a positive impact on your well-being.
I truly believe that no matter who you are or where you are from, at some stage in your life you will experience difficulties and therapy can make all the difference. There are many issues that can feel overwhelming e.g. depression, anxiety, relationships to name but a few and I know it can feel quite scary taking that first step talking to someone you don't know. However, you will find that I am really easy to talk to, professional and have a wealth of knowledge and experience. My aim is to make a difference and have a positive impact on your well-being.
029 2167 9415 View 029 2167 9415
Photo of Jeremy Young, Psychotherapist in Penarth, Wales
Jeremy Young
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Penarth CF64
At certain life stages we may experience anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, feelings of a loss or meaningless, loss of direction or purpose, or difficulty with building meaningful relationships. I will work with you to identify what these symptoms mean and how they may be pointing you to discover a deeper sense of self. My approach is integrative and allows for self-discovery. My methodology offers focus, allowing you to explore and connect to a truer sense of who you are. I encourage you to develop a sense of curiosity to understand yourself more profoundly. We will work together, to support your needs.
At certain life stages we may experience anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, feelings of a loss or meaningless, loss of direction or purpose, or difficulty with building meaningful relationships. I will work with you to identify what these symptoms mean and how they may be pointing you to discover a deeper sense of self. My approach is integrative and allows for self-discovery. My methodology offers focus, allowing you to explore and connect to a truer sense of who you are. I encourage you to develop a sense of curiosity to understand yourself more profoundly. We will work together, to support your needs.
01446 501473 View 01446 501473
Photo of Jolian Ardolino, Counsellor in Penarth, Wales
Jolian Ardolino
Counsellor, MSc, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Penarth CF64
Hi, I’m Jolian Ardolino. I am an online psychotherapist & counsellor accredited by the National Counselling & Psychotherapy Society (NCPS). I specialise in anxiety therapy, having gone through it and come out the other end myself when I was younger. Now I spend my life helping others do the same. My style of therapy is integrative, which means I draw on a variety of different approaches to tailor therapy to you. I specialise in anxiety but I do work with a range of issues, including stress, bereavement, depression and self-defeating behaviours. As an accredited counsellor, I work to the NCPS Code of Ethics.
Hi, I’m Jolian Ardolino. I am an online psychotherapist & counsellor accredited by the National Counselling & Psychotherapy Society (NCPS). I specialise in anxiety therapy, having gone through it and come out the other end myself when I was younger. Now I spend my life helping others do the same. My style of therapy is integrative, which means I draw on a variety of different approaches to tailor therapy to you. I specialise in anxiety but I do work with a range of issues, including stress, bereavement, depression and self-defeating behaviours. As an accredited counsellor, I work to the NCPS Code of Ethics.
01446 506707 View 01446 506707

See more therapy options for Penarth

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Penarth

20+

Average cost per session

£60

Counsellors in Penarth who prioritize treating:

96% Anxiety
91% Self Esteem
87% Depression
83% Relationship Issues
83% Trauma and PTSD
83% Coping Skills
83% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Aviva
100% Bupa
67% AXA PPP

How Counsellors in Penarth see their clients

92% In Person and Online
8% Online Only

Gender breakdown

70% Female
30% Male

FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Penarth?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.