Photo of Trudie Johnston - Trudie Johnston Counselling and Bereavement , MBACP, Counsellor
Trudie Johnston Counselling and Bereavement
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cowes PO31
Are you someone who lies awake at night struggling to make sense of things that are happening in your life? Are these things you are struggling with recent, or have you kept them bottled up, perhaps, for a long time? Is it difficult to express these feelings to friends and family, maybe you are worried about overwhelming other people. If some of this sounds familiar, then contact me. Together we can work on helping you to make sense of your thoughts and feelings, enable you to feel better and move forward with your life.
Are you someone who lies awake at night struggling to make sense of things that are happening in your life? Are these things you are struggling with recent, or have you kept them bottled up, perhaps, for a long time? Is it difficult to express these feelings to friends and family, maybe you are worried about overwhelming other people. If some of this sounds familiar, then contact me. Together we can work on helping you to make sense of your thoughts and feelings, enable you to feel better and move forward with your life.
01983 214015 View 01983 214015
Photo of Jennifer McKean, MSc, MNCPS Acc., Counsellor
Jennifer McKean
Counsellor, MSc, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Cowes PO31
Hi, I'm Jennifer, a neurodivergent counsellor. Whether you’ve faced significant challenges or just need a supportive space to talk, I’m here to help. Therapy offers the opportunity to work through difficult experiences in a safe environment with a non-judgemental counsellor.
Hi, I'm Jennifer, a neurodivergent counsellor. Whether you’ve faced significant challenges or just need a supportive space to talk, I’m here to help. Therapy offers the opportunity to work through difficult experiences in a safe environment with a non-judgemental counsellor.
01983 217854 View 01983 217854
Photo of Lara Akers-Douglas, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Lara Akers-Douglas
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Cowes PO31
Hello and welcome. My name is Dr Lara Akers-Douglas, a Clinical Psychologist who works between the Isle of Wight and Southampton, as well as virtually online. Have you experienced events that continue to have unwanted repercussions throughout your life? My passion lies in helping people who have experienced trauma on their journey towards recovery. With a deep understanding of the profound impact trauma can have on mental and emotional well-being, I can provide expert guidance and support to older teenagers and adults, and help you on your path to recovery.
Hello and welcome. My name is Dr Lara Akers-Douglas, a Clinical Psychologist who works between the Isle of Wight and Southampton, as well as virtually online. Have you experienced events that continue to have unwanted repercussions throughout your life? My passion lies in helping people who have experienced trauma on their journey towards recovery. With a deep understanding of the profound impact trauma can have on mental and emotional well-being, I can provide expert guidance and support to older teenagers and adults, and help you on your path to recovery.
0117 463 5164 View 0117 463 5164
Photo of Mary Biles, UKCP Trainee, Counsellor
Mary Biles
Counsellor, UKCP Trainee
Verified Verified
Cowes PO31
Are you feeling overwhelmed navigating life’s big challenges such as bereavement, illness, changing career, or difficult relationships? Do you feel alone with your problems, misunderstood or unheard? Do you struggle to find meaning and purpose in your life or feel stuck in a rut and ready for change? If these questions resonate with you, and you are interested in exploring how to live with more authenticity and emotional ease, then Psychosynthesis Counselling might be for you.
Are you feeling overwhelmed navigating life’s big challenges such as bereavement, illness, changing career, or difficult relationships? Do you feel alone with your problems, misunderstood or unheard? Do you struggle to find meaning and purpose in your life or feel stuck in a rut and ready for change? If these questions resonate with you, and you are interested in exploring how to live with more authenticity and emotional ease, then Psychosynthesis Counselling might be for you.
01983 214336 View 01983 214336
Photo of Rebekah Jones, MSc, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Rebekah Jones
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Serves Area
I am a UKCP accredited Clinical Psychotherapist, Certified EMDR Therapist and Trauma Therapist, and have worked extensively with clients who have experienced a range of traumas in their lives. I work in a way which invites my clients to build a high level of confidence in the therapeutic space, in order to ensure this then becomes a safe space; where the deepest most thoughts and feelings can be explored and considered without fear of judgement or negative consequence. I am currently also training to become a COSRT approved sex therapist in addition, and within this am building upon my previous skills with couples in therapy.
I am a UKCP accredited Clinical Psychotherapist, Certified EMDR Therapist and Trauma Therapist, and have worked extensively with clients who have experienced a range of traumas in their lives. I work in a way which invites my clients to build a high level of confidence in the therapeutic space, in order to ensure this then becomes a safe space; where the deepest most thoughts and feelings can be explored and considered without fear of judgement or negative consequence. I am currently also training to become a COSRT approved sex therapist in addition, and within this am building upon my previous skills with couples in therapy.
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More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Catherine Newell, MSc
Catherine Newell
MSc
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hi, my name is Catherine; my mission is to support you with an evidence-based approach to coaching, such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), to help in a variety of contexts, from career change to health and well-being to travel towards a life that is more in alignment with Your values & life path. If you are: At a crossroads in your career, looking to improve your Health & well-being, struggling to reach a personal goal, or if you feel stuck, overwhelmed and unsure about your next steps.
Hi, my name is Catherine; my mission is to support you with an evidence-based approach to coaching, such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), to help in a variety of contexts, from career change to health and well-being to travel towards a life that is more in alignment with Your values & life path. If you are: At a crossroads in your career, looking to improve your Health & well-being, struggling to reach a personal goal, or if you feel stuck, overwhelmed and unsure about your next steps.
01243 973431 View 01243 973431
Photo of Niki Reeves, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Niki Reeves
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Our earliest relationships have an effect on the relationship we have with ourselves, with those who are important to us, with society, and the wider world in which we live. If carers are unable to give the care that met our changing needs in childhood, if our parents were unable to attune to us, our emotional resilience can be insufficient. Now grown we can feel we list from one crisis to another, have relationships that cause unhappiness and feel life is really difficult and everything goes wrong. Our defence mechanisms, once vital for survival, are now additional problems that can make life almost too difficult to bear.
Our earliest relationships have an effect on the relationship we have with ourselves, with those who are important to us, with society, and the wider world in which we live. If carers are unable to give the care that met our changing needs in childhood, if our parents were unable to attune to us, our emotional resilience can be insufficient. Now grown we can feel we list from one crisis to another, have relationships that cause unhappiness and feel life is really difficult and everything goes wrong. Our defence mechanisms, once vital for survival, are now additional problems that can make life almost too difficult to bear.
023 8214 8084 View 023 8214 8084
Photo of Chris D Steed, PhD, MBACP, Counsellor
Chris D Steed
Counsellor, PhD, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
You have it on you to reach a bold new future! As in a recent book I have written about counsellor and therapy training, you are a valuable person with incredible worth. Let’s work together at the things that are holding you back or patterns of reacting that are detrimental to you. I work as per our training course in an integrative way with a psychodynamic core. That means we will look together at current emotional difficulties but also go deeper into wounded history. I offer therapy from my outside room in Charminster, Bournemouth, mostly on Tuesday. I have membership with BACP
You have it on you to reach a bold new future! As in a recent book I have written about counsellor and therapy training, you are a valuable person with incredible worth. Let’s work together at the things that are holding you back or patterns of reacting that are detrimental to you. I work as per our training course in an integrative way with a psychodynamic core. That means we will look together at current emotional difficulties but also go deeper into wounded history. I offer therapy from my outside room in Charminster, Bournemouth, mostly on Tuesday. I have membership with BACP
01202 125462 View 01202 125462
Photo of Maria Welsh, MBACP, Counsellor
Maria Welsh
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
I am an experienced Adult Trauma Informed Counsellor and Supervisor with my private practice in Romsey, Hampshire. I offer face to face and on-line therapy. Sometimes life throws us curve-balls. Overwhelmed and at a loss on how to move forward, we often need someone independent of family and friends who we can talk to, without judgment or advice giving. I can provide a confidential, safe and secure environment for you to explore or uncover whatever is troubling you. As a Humanistic Counsellor, I will guide and support you as you come to terms yourself, with whatever might be holding you back.
I am an experienced Adult Trauma Informed Counsellor and Supervisor with my private practice in Romsey, Hampshire. I offer face to face and on-line therapy. Sometimes life throws us curve-balls. Overwhelmed and at a loss on how to move forward, we often need someone independent of family and friends who we can talk to, without judgment or advice giving. I can provide a confidential, safe and secure environment for you to explore or uncover whatever is troubling you. As a Humanistic Counsellor, I will guide and support you as you come to terms yourself, with whatever might be holding you back.
01793 540239 View 01793 540239
Photo of Gloria Boshier, MBACP Accred, Counsellor
Gloria Boshier
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Perhaps you have found your way here because you are feeling low or anxious you may be experiencing a bereavement a relationship difficulty or a loss of direction in your life, during such times it can be helpful to talk to someone in confidence without the fear of feeling judged.
Perhaps you have found your way here because you are feeling low or anxious you may be experiencing a bereavement a relationship difficulty or a loss of direction in your life, during such times it can be helpful to talk to someone in confidence without the fear of feeling judged.
01794 339792 View 01794 339792
Photo of Nicky Bates - Nicky Bates Director of The TLC Counselling Hub, BACP, Counsellor
Nicky Bates Director of The TLC Counselling Hub
Counsellor, BACP
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Thank you for taking the time to read my profile. Firstly People need to feel valued, people need to feel accepted and they certainly need to feel heard. Based in central Andover, I specialise in anxiety, trauma, neurodiversity, bereavement, intrusive thoughts and work very well with people from the LGBTQ+ community. I offer a non-judgemental approach using Gestalt and Humanistic theory. What this means is that we work creatively with what is happening for you right now. Creative work can unlock things from the past in a safe contained way. Online counselling is now available.
Thank you for taking the time to read my profile. Firstly People need to feel valued, people need to feel accepted and they certainly need to feel heard. Based in central Andover, I specialise in anxiety, trauma, neurodiversity, bereavement, intrusive thoughts and work very well with people from the LGBTQ+ community. I offer a non-judgemental approach using Gestalt and Humanistic theory. What this means is that we work creatively with what is happening for you right now. Creative work can unlock things from the past in a safe contained way. Online counselling is now available.
01264 317085 View 01264 317085
Photo of Julie Checklin, MBACP, Counsellor
Julie Checklin
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Not accepting new clients
I am a Person Centred and Humanistic Counsellor. This means I work from the belief that each client is an expert on themselves, knowing more about themselves than anyone else. I provide emotional safety and psychological support, in a calm environment where you will be valued and respected. By gaining clarity and perspective on what is troubling you right now, and with increased insight into your own internal world and how you interact with the world around you, your confidence in your ability to move forward in the right way for you will grow.
I am a Person Centred and Humanistic Counsellor. This means I work from the belief that each client is an expert on themselves, knowing more about themselves than anyone else. I provide emotional safety and psychological support, in a calm environment where you will be valued and respected. By gaining clarity and perspective on what is troubling you right now, and with increased insight into your own internal world and how you interact with the world around you, your confidence in your ability to move forward in the right way for you will grow.
01202 125167 View 01202 125167
Photo of Carmen Morales, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
Carmen Morales
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Verified Verified
Online Only
I support clients to overcome depression and anxiety disorders -GAD, OCD, PTSD, panic, social anxiety, health anxiety, phobias or body dysmorphia-. I also attend to problems related to low self-esteem, anger, interpersonal difficulties and complex trauma. I have a strong background in working with people from underrepresented groups, especially the LGBTQI+ community and the neurodiverse community. I am looking to work with clients who are ready to learn more about themselves, make changes in their lives, and support them in their journey.
I support clients to overcome depression and anxiety disorders -GAD, OCD, PTSD, panic, social anxiety, health anxiety, phobias or body dysmorphia-. I also attend to problems related to low self-esteem, anger, interpersonal difficulties and complex trauma. I have a strong background in working with people from underrepresented groups, especially the LGBTQI+ community and the neurodiverse community. I am looking to work with clients who are ready to learn more about themselves, make changes in their lives, and support them in their journey.
023 8001 2558 View 023 8001 2558
Photo of Natalie Young, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Natalie Young
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Do you find yourself repeating the same patterns and behaviours? Perhaps for years, even decades? Is the simple act of getting through the day (and night) becoming unmanageable and overwhelming? Or perhaps you feel numb, stuck, confused even? Perhaps you do not even know where to begin or what you are looking for? Are you finally ready to let go of what no longer serves you and embrace challenge, change, and desire - rejuvenating your relationships not only with others, but with yourself?
Do you find yourself repeating the same patterns and behaviours? Perhaps for years, even decades? Is the simple act of getting through the day (and night) becoming unmanageable and overwhelming? Or perhaps you feel numb, stuck, confused even? Perhaps you do not even know where to begin or what you are looking for? Are you finally ready to let go of what no longer serves you and embrace challenge, change, and desire - rejuvenating your relationships not only with others, but with yourself?
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Photo of Jasmin Charlotte Boyt - Jasmin Boyt Counselling, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Jasmin Boyt Counselling
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Welcome, thank you for visiting my profile. As an experienced and registered Counsellor and Psychotherapist I am committed to supporting you to feel heard, find solutions and make changes that are right for you. I specialise in supporting anxiety, depression, bereavement, life transitions and many challenges life may bring, whether past or present, whatever it is that brings you here, I offer a therapy space that’s professional, safe, and caring, I am passionate about supporting personal growth, creativity and individual autonomy.
Welcome, thank you for visiting my profile. As an experienced and registered Counsellor and Psychotherapist I am committed to supporting you to feel heard, find solutions and make changes that are right for you. I specialise in supporting anxiety, depression, bereavement, life transitions and many challenges life may bring, whether past or present, whatever it is that brings you here, I offer a therapy space that’s professional, safe, and caring, I am passionate about supporting personal growth, creativity and individual autonomy.
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Photo of Garance Delpech, DCounsPsych, MBACP, Counsellor
Garance Delpech
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
Acknowledging you need help and contacting a therapist is a wise and courageous step to take. It might be a current/ recent crisis or on-going emmotional difficulties stopping you from enjoying life. Therapy can be a unique experience which can be transformative, and in which we can safely access the true essence of ourselves. This may enable us to make the desired changes to heal or enhance our life. It is a meaningful journey. Many of life's challenges which are seen as "normal "by society actually involve trauma and loss. These wounds left unattended to can lead to many issues such as anxiety, shame, anger, depression.
Acknowledging you need help and contacting a therapist is a wise and courageous step to take. It might be a current/ recent crisis or on-going emmotional difficulties stopping you from enjoying life. Therapy can be a unique experience which can be transformative, and in which we can safely access the true essence of ourselves. This may enable us to make the desired changes to heal or enhance our life. It is a meaningful journey. Many of life's challenges which are seen as "normal "by society actually involve trauma and loss. These wounds left unattended to can lead to many issues such as anxiety, shame, anger, depression.
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Photo of Donna Street, DCounsPsych, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Donna Street
Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Verified Verified
As a Person-Centred Counsellor/Psychotherapist, I offer counselling/therapy to people who are at a point in their lives where they recognise a need for change. I offer short and longterm counselling/therapy, and I will support you on your journey to discovering whatever it is that is holding you back. We will work through your issues together to make the changes you need to get your life back on track and feeling happier and fulfilled. If you and your partner would like some support in managing your relationship and gaining a better understanding of each other to get your relationship back on track, I can help you.
As a Person-Centred Counsellor/Psychotherapist, I offer counselling/therapy to people who are at a point in their lives where they recognise a need for change. I offer short and longterm counselling/therapy, and I will support you on your journey to discovering whatever it is that is holding you back. We will work through your issues together to make the changes you need to get your life back on track and feeling happier and fulfilled. If you and your partner would like some support in managing your relationship and gaining a better understanding of each other to get your relationship back on track, I can help you.
023 8235 6030 View 023 8235 6030
Photo of Caroline Plambeck, MBACP, Counsellor
Caroline Plambeck
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Hi, I'm Caroline and I work with men, women and young people (13+) grounded in respect, curiosity & empathy. I provide a safe, non-judgmental space to explore experiences, gain understanding of yourself, and foster meaningful change. Whether you're navigating a life transition, struggling with low self-esteem, navigating neurodiversity (ADHD, Autism, dyslexia), facing relationship challenges, seeking ways to reduce anxiety and stress, or the feeling of being 'stuck' or unfulfilled I’m here to support you to take steps toward a fulfilling, happier life.
Hi, I'm Caroline and I work with men, women and young people (13+) grounded in respect, curiosity & empathy. I provide a safe, non-judgmental space to explore experiences, gain understanding of yourself, and foster meaningful change. Whether you're navigating a life transition, struggling with low self-esteem, navigating neurodiversity (ADHD, Autism, dyslexia), facing relationship challenges, seeking ways to reduce anxiety and stress, or the feeling of being 'stuck' or unfulfilled I’m here to support you to take steps toward a fulfilling, happier life.
01722 443895 View 01722 443895
Photo of Maggie Alice Cole
Maggie Alice Cole
Verified Verified
I work as a high intensity therapist currently for the military and in private practice . I treat a lot of trauma , anxiety ,depression and phobias as well as panic disorder , generalised anxiety disorder , Post Traumatic Stress Disorder , childhood abuse , chronic fatigue syndrome and OCD. I have experience also in working with Psychosis. I work with people in a compassionate focussed way focussed on their goals for treatment . Therapy is always geared to the clients goals and what they want /need to be different , this is reviewed regularly in therapy to ensure we are still working towards the goals that the client identified.
I work as a high intensity therapist currently for the military and in private practice . I treat a lot of trauma , anxiety ,depression and phobias as well as panic disorder , generalised anxiety disorder , Post Traumatic Stress Disorder , childhood abuse , chronic fatigue syndrome and OCD. I have experience also in working with Psychosis. I work with people in a compassionate focussed way focussed on their goals for treatment . Therapy is always geared to the clients goals and what they want /need to be different , this is reviewed regularly in therapy to ensure we are still working towards the goals that the client identified.
01329 553375 View 01329 553375
Photo of Roz Owens - Talk Online Counselling, MBACP, Counsellor
Talk Online Counselling
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
I trained from a person-centred perspective &, through years of training, have adopted humanistic & holistic methods in my approach to counselling. No two people are the same which is why our sessions would be led by you. I'm an integrative counsellor & I’m here to listen, hear & validate your story. My priority is building a trusting, confidential relationship & to listen without judgement. With my help & guidance, the work we do together will help you to find answers inside, enabling internal healing in a safe & secure space. 'Therapy should not be theory driven, but relationship driven.' Irvin Yalom
I trained from a person-centred perspective &, through years of training, have adopted humanistic & holistic methods in my approach to counselling. No two people are the same which is why our sessions would be led by you. I'm an integrative counsellor & I’m here to listen, hear & validate your story. My priority is building a trusting, confidential relationship & to listen without judgement. With my help & guidance, the work we do together will help you to find answers inside, enabling internal healing in a safe & secure space. 'Therapy should not be theory driven, but relationship driven.' Irvin Yalom
07534 862072 View 07534 862072

See more therapy options for PO31

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in PO31

< 10

Counsellors in PO31 who prioritize treating:

100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Bereavement
100% Self Esteem
100% Stress
80% Women's Issues
80% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Vitality
50% Any/Out-of-network Insurance
50% Aviva

How Counsellors in PO31 see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

100% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in PO31?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.