Photo of Sue Penfold - Calm Waters Counselling Services, Counsellor, MBACP
Calm Waters Counselling Services
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Spalding PE11
Hi my name is Sue, as a qualified Therapist I offer a non judgemental, confidential environment, where you can safely explore different ways of looking at your life and identify more helpful ways to enjoy it. I provide a safe therapeutic environment filled with warmth and authenticity, where you can focus on understanding those overwhelming feelings, manage challenges of life and work towards the rewards of finding the "real you". I work from a Person-centred therapy approach, recognising we are masters of our own destiny, free to choose and control how we live our life. So in therapy you decide what YOU want to talk about.
Hi my name is Sue, as a qualified Therapist I offer a non judgemental, confidential environment, where you can safely explore different ways of looking at your life and identify more helpful ways to enjoy it. I provide a safe therapeutic environment filled with warmth and authenticity, where you can focus on understanding those overwhelming feelings, manage challenges of life and work towards the rewards of finding the "real you". I work from a Person-centred therapy approach, recognising we are masters of our own destiny, free to choose and control how we live our life. So in therapy you decide what YOU want to talk about.
01775 660700 View 01775 660700
Photo of Rajeshwari Suwarneraj - MANAM Counselling & Wellbeing, Counsellor, MBACP
MANAM Counselling & Wellbeing
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Spalding PE11
Hi, I'm Rajie, an Integrative psychotherapeutic counsellor and a life coach and I offer service across UK and outside UK both in English & Tamil. When you feel like you are stuck, struggling with problems, don't know if you're on the right path, I'm here to offer a safe and non judgemental environment where I will help you with your personal growth and to empower yourself. My approach will be based on person centred & psychodynamic theories, however I will plan my services including life coaching and cognitive behavioural therapy, depending on what clients' needs as I believe that every individual & their problems is different.
Hi, I'm Rajie, an Integrative psychotherapeutic counsellor and a life coach and I offer service across UK and outside UK both in English & Tamil. When you feel like you are stuck, struggling with problems, don't know if you're on the right path, I'm here to offer a safe and non judgemental environment where I will help you with your personal growth and to empower yourself. My approach will be based on person centred & psychodynamic theories, however I will plan my services including life coaching and cognitive behavioural therapy, depending on what clients' needs as I believe that every individual & their problems is different.
01775 661171 View 01775 661171
Photo of Kristina Harrison, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Kristina Harrison
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Spalding PE11
Hello, I’m Kristina, a counsellor based in Spalding, Lincs. I offer face-to-face, online, or telephone sessions and have availability for daytime and evening clients. I support individuals dealing with anxiety, depression, stress and low self-esteem, with a special focus on grief. As a Person-centred counsellor, I provide a supportive, empathetic space where you can explore your thoughts and feelings at your own pace. Please feel free to book a free 15-minute introductory call to see if we’re a good fit.
Hello, I’m Kristina, a counsellor based in Spalding, Lincs. I offer face-to-face, online, or telephone sessions and have availability for daytime and evening clients. I support individuals dealing with anxiety, depression, stress and low self-esteem, with a special focus on grief. As a Person-centred counsellor, I provide a supportive, empathetic space where you can explore your thoughts and feelings at your own pace. Please feel free to book a free 15-minute introductory call to see if we’re a good fit.
01775 660667 View 01775 660667
Photo of Jolanta Krauca - Harmonycounselling, Counsellor, MBACP
Harmonycounselling
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Spalding PE11
Hi and welcome. I am Humanistic and Integrative therapist. Sometimes we face challenges in life which can be difficult to cope with. I am offering a safe, confidential environment to explore and work together to move forward.
Hi and welcome. I am Humanistic and Integrative therapist. Sometimes we face challenges in life which can be difficult to cope with. I am offering a safe, confidential environment to explore and work together to move forward.
01775 668869 View 01775 668869
Photo of David Rouse - Shining Light Counselling, Counsellor, BACP
Shining Light Counselling
Counsellor, BACP
Verified Verified
Spalding PE11
Hello and welcome, I'm David, I wonder, if your Feeling unsure, anxious, scared, angry, confused? Have you had to experience loss and the pain of losing someone you love and care about. All that can be hard to live with, on a daily basis, contact me so we can talk it through, to see if its something we can work together to help you with.
Hello and welcome, I'm David, I wonder, if your Feeling unsure, anxious, scared, angry, confused? Have you had to experience loss and the pain of losing someone you love and care about. All that can be hard to live with, on a daily basis, contact me so we can talk it through, to see if its something we can work together to help you with.
01775 668829 View 01775 668829
Photo of Samantha Pleasance-Brown - Be You Counselling, Counsellor, PNCPS Acc.
Be You Counselling
Counsellor, PNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
My name is Samantha, I offer professional counselling to you at those times of difficulty. Are you feeling low or stressed, anger, guilt, anxiety, depression or panic attacks? Do you feel numb or like you have switched off? You may not understand why you feel the way you do. As your counsellor I will listen closely to you and pick up on your feelings, thoughts and emotions. I will work with you to see the world from your perspective and offer insights that will help us both explore the issue(s) you want to work through. This will be done at a pace that is comfortable for you.
My name is Samantha, I offer professional counselling to you at those times of difficulty. Are you feeling low or stressed, anger, guilt, anxiety, depression or panic attacks? Do you feel numb or like you have switched off? You may not understand why you feel the way you do. As your counsellor I will listen closely to you and pick up on your feelings, thoughts and emotions. I will work with you to see the world from your perspective and offer insights that will help us both explore the issue(s) you want to work through. This will be done at a pace that is comfortable for you.
01775 665745 View 01775 665745
Photo of Philip Boddey - Philip Boddey Counselling, Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Philip Boddey Counselling
Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I have been a qualified psycotherapist and counsellor for in the region of 30 years to 2020 and have, during this time worked with ages 5 and upwards both individually, as couples, groups and families. I have worked alongside local authorities social services, education establishments, foster agencies, Police, CAMH, Health Insurance companies, the NHS and others.
I have been a qualified psycotherapist and counsellor for in the region of 30 years to 2020 and have, during this time worked with ages 5 and upwards both individually, as couples, groups and families. I have worked alongside local authorities social services, education establishments, foster agencies, Police, CAMH, Health Insurance companies, the NHS and others.
01780 430698 View 01780 430698
Photo of Sonal Kadchha, Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Sonal Kadchha
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Serves Area
The modern pressures of life can take their toll on us – increasing responsibilities and being connected 24/7 can leave us feeling burnt out, anxious, and overwhelmed. Even when we do manage to disconnect, we find it difficult to disconnect from our racing thoughts. If you’re new to therapy it can be daunting, however taking this brave step can be rewarding. It can give you the space to explore what is really going on, process difficult emotions, develop healthy coping strategies and restore your mental well-being - so that you aren’t just surviving, but thriving in the world.
The modern pressures of life can take their toll on us – increasing responsibilities and being connected 24/7 can leave us feeling burnt out, anxious, and overwhelmed. Even when we do manage to disconnect, we find it difficult to disconnect from our racing thoughts. If you’re new to therapy it can be daunting, however taking this brave step can be rewarding. It can give you the space to explore what is really going on, process difficult emotions, develop healthy coping strategies and restore your mental well-being - so that you aren’t just surviving, but thriving in the world.
020 4538 7240 View 020 4538 7240
Photo of Jo Vickers, Psychotherapist, MNCPS Acc.
Jo Vickers
Psychotherapist, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Serves Area
My aim is to co-create an environment that offers you a place to bring and share your unique experiences and begin to explore and understand how they have impacted you. I believe everyone can benefit from sharing their stories; often being truly heard for the first time. Nonetheless, this can feel odd initially, sat sharing information with a stranger. My creative approach to therapy responds to your individual needs to best support you whist undertaking this. My experience of working with survivors of trauma has been a live demonstration of the impact of previous and current experiences on our health.
My aim is to co-create an environment that offers you a place to bring and share your unique experiences and begin to explore and understand how they have impacted you. I believe everyone can benefit from sharing their stories; often being truly heard for the first time. Nonetheless, this can feel odd initially, sat sharing information with a stranger. My creative approach to therapy responds to your individual needs to best support you whist undertaking this. My experience of working with survivors of trauma has been a live demonstration of the impact of previous and current experiences on our health.
01522 440419 View 01522 440419
Photo of Zoe O’Connor, Psychotherapist, PTUK
Zoe O’Connor
Psychotherapist, PTUK
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Hello, I’m Zoe. I am a play and creative arts therapist based in Bourne and I see children from 3 to 16. Do you know a child with big emotions? Are these emotions hard to manage? Play therapy can help children process their emotions and make sense of their worlds. I also offer parenting support. I know how hard parenting can be and I’m passionate about offering a holistic service. I am an advocate of therapeutic parenting, playful parenting and attachment play. I like to work with parents to help support the therapeutic process and provide ways to foster co-operation, connection and play.
Hello, I’m Zoe. I am a play and creative arts therapist based in Bourne and I see children from 3 to 16. Do you know a child with big emotions? Are these emotions hard to manage? Play therapy can help children process their emotions and make sense of their worlds. I also offer parenting support. I know how hard parenting can be and I’m passionate about offering a holistic service. I am an advocate of therapeutic parenting, playful parenting and attachment play. I like to work with parents to help support the therapeutic process and provide ways to foster co-operation, connection and play.
01733 942001 View 01733 942001
Photo of Karen Harrison - In Balance, Counsellor, MBACP
In Balance
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Thank you for viewing this profile. At In Balance we offer a confidential space to explore your issues, worries and concerns through counselling or coaching. You have the choice to work either face to face with your therapist in person at our private, comfortable office, or remotely via video or telephone. We offer male and female counsellors and have appointments from 3pm-7.30pm weekdays and Saturday mornings. Counselling is always at your pace and frequency and duration of sessions can be discussed at your free initial consultation. We look forward to meeting you.
Thank you for viewing this profile. At In Balance we offer a confidential space to explore your issues, worries and concerns through counselling or coaching. You have the choice to work either face to face with your therapist in person at our private, comfortable office, or remotely via video or telephone. We offer male and female counsellors and have appointments from 3pm-7.30pm weekdays and Saturday mornings. Counselling is always at your pace and frequency and duration of sessions can be discussed at your free initial consultation. We look forward to meeting you.
01733 902720 View 01733 902720

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Joshua Erlick, Psychologist, MA
Joshua Erlick
Psychologist, MA
Verified Verified
Online Only
My practice is for those who want to deepen their relationship with themselves and honour their soul's wisdom. Many struggle with anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, and intrusive thoughts, feeling trapped and unable to move forward with a life of meaning and purpose. I understand these struggles, having faced them myself. With no guidance available, I embarked on a personal journey of self-discovery to change this. Over 10 years of study, retreats, and consistent effort, I learned that healing isn’t just about moving from 'A' - 'B.' It’s about becoming aware of and accepting your reality, then using it as a catalyst for change.
My practice is for those who want to deepen their relationship with themselves and honour their soul's wisdom. Many struggle with anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, and intrusive thoughts, feeling trapped and unable to move forward with a life of meaning and purpose. I understand these struggles, having faced them myself. With no guidance available, I embarked on a personal journey of self-discovery to change this. Over 10 years of study, retreats, and consistent effort, I learned that healing isn’t just about moving from 'A' - 'B.' It’s about becoming aware of and accepting your reality, then using it as a catalyst for change.
View
Photo of Jen Holland, Psychotherapist, MA
Jen Holland
Psychotherapist, MA
Verified Verified
Not accepting new clients
Psychological distress is one of the most difficult things to overcome, often it consumes you, and you lose yourself. Therapy is about unfolding this, within a safe therapeutic relationship, where you are free to be yourself and find a way through, with me at your side. A key part of my practice, is working with you, rather than the diagnosis or label that you may have acquired. I help clients to disentangle and be free of the things that are holding them back, to become more authentic.
Psychological distress is one of the most difficult things to overcome, often it consumes you, and you lose yourself. Therapy is about unfolding this, within a safe therapeutic relationship, where you are free to be yourself and find a way through, with me at your side. A key part of my practice, is working with you, rather than the diagnosis or label that you may have acquired. I help clients to disentangle and be free of the things that are holding them back, to become more authentic.
01780 437415 View 01780 437415
Photo of Michaela Dunbar - My Easy Therapy, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
My Easy Therapy
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
I'm Dr Michaela Dunbar, Clinical Psychologist and Founder of My Easy Therapy, and what do I know about you? You’re used to accepting your negative thoughts as facts, now they are creating persistent anxiety and low mood, taking you completely away from your values and goals, and affecting your relationships. You probably find it really difficult to sit with uncomfortable emotions like sadness, anxiety or anger and have gotten into a habit of doing things to try to avoid them which ends up making matters worse. Something in you wants to make a change and you know you need support to do it. It's super hard but that's where I come in.
I'm Dr Michaela Dunbar, Clinical Psychologist and Founder of My Easy Therapy, and what do I know about you? You’re used to accepting your negative thoughts as facts, now they are creating persistent anxiety and low mood, taking you completely away from your values and goals, and affecting your relationships. You probably find it really difficult to sit with uncomfortable emotions like sadness, anxiety or anger and have gotten into a habit of doing things to try to avoid them which ends up making matters worse. Something in you wants to make a change and you know you need support to do it. It's super hard but that's where I come in.
020 3974 2373 View 020 3974 2373
Photo of Isabella Prior, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Isabella Prior
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hi, I’m Isabella, an autistic counsellor offering a compassionate space for neurodivergent adults to explore, heal, and thrive. Life can feel overwhelming when navigating a world that doesn’t always understand you. At Heart and Mind Therapies, I provide tailored, flexible therapy that adapts to your needs and celebrates your individuality. Therapy should feel safe and affirming—here, you’ll be met with understanding, not judgment. You deserve more than just surviving. You deserve to thrive. You might be managing anxiety, depression, or burnout, feeling like you’re just surviving day to day. I understand because I’ve been there too.
Hi, I’m Isabella, an autistic counsellor offering a compassionate space for neurodivergent adults to explore, heal, and thrive. Life can feel overwhelming when navigating a world that doesn’t always understand you. At Heart and Mind Therapies, I provide tailored, flexible therapy that adapts to your needs and celebrates your individuality. Therapy should feel safe and affirming—here, you’ll be met with understanding, not judgment. You deserve more than just surviving. You deserve to thrive. You might be managing anxiety, depression, or burnout, feeling like you’re just surviving day to day. I understand because I’ve been there too.
01773 306881 View 01773 306881
Photo of Estelle Cooper, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Estelle Cooper
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Grantham NG31
Starting counselling can feel like a daunting experience, but you have already made the first move by searching for a counsellor. My approach is flexible to suit your needs, as we are all individuals with unique qualities. Within our sessions I can draw on a range of models from my training and experience. This helps in understanding any worries or thoughts you are experiencing, how they are impacting your life and to move forward. I am passionate about counselling and truly believe in the unique connection that person-centred counselling offers. The open non-judgemental space I offer provides you with a safe and confidential space.
Starting counselling can feel like a daunting experience, but you have already made the first move by searching for a counsellor. My approach is flexible to suit your needs, as we are all individuals with unique qualities. Within our sessions I can draw on a range of models from my training and experience. This helps in understanding any worries or thoughts you are experiencing, how they are impacting your life and to move forward. I am passionate about counselling and truly believe in the unique connection that person-centred counselling offers. The open non-judgemental space I offer provides you with a safe and confidential space.
01529 404576 View 01529 404576
Photo of Suzanne Laura Pearson, Counsellor, MBACP
Suzanne Laura Pearson
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Life can sometimes be challenging and at times we all need support with our emotional well-being, and therapy can help you feel less anxious and more in control. I bring warmth and empathy along with a sense of humour providing a non-judgemental and confidential environment to be there for you.
Life can sometimes be challenging and at times we all need support with our emotional well-being, and therapy can help you feel less anxious and more in control. I bring warmth and empathy along with a sense of humour providing a non-judgemental and confidential environment to be there for you.
01760 302199 View 01760 302199
Photo of James Lovett, Counsellor, MSc, BACP
James Lovett
Counsellor, MSc, BACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Not accepting new clients
There are thoughts, feelings and experiences in life which can be difficult to make sense of. These can relate to our current circumstances, anxieties about the life which lays ahead, or the historic struggles which seem to linger over us. Too often, the task of addressing these complex issues becomes daunting, and we become trapped. As a therapist, I'm here to walk alongside you. Whether it's relationship struggles, depression or anxiety, my integrative approach to therapy is tailored to meet you where you are. Together we will sensitively explore the depth of your experience and move towards understanding and growth.
There are thoughts, feelings and experiences in life which can be difficult to make sense of. These can relate to our current circumstances, anxieties about the life which lays ahead, or the historic struggles which seem to linger over us. Too often, the task of addressing these complex issues becomes daunting, and we become trapped. As a therapist, I'm here to walk alongside you. Whether it's relationship struggles, depression or anxiety, my integrative approach to therapy is tailored to meet you where you are. Together we will sensitively explore the depth of your experience and move towards understanding and growth.
01603 361090 View 01603 361090
Photo of Jessica McDonald, Counsellor, MBACP
Jessica McDonald
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Are you looking for bespoke counselling tailored for your needs? If so then I hope I can help. I am an experienced, qualified counsellor and I have worked with a range of issues with clients. If you have had issues with your mental well-being, or have been going though a difficult life event and are thinking of counselling, I can offer a safe and trusted space to work together to help you move forward. Building a trusting relationship to help identify your needs and goals at your own pace is pivotoal to my approach.
Are you looking for bespoke counselling tailored for your needs? If so then I hope I can help. I am an experienced, qualified counsellor and I have worked with a range of issues with clients. If you have had issues with your mental well-being, or have been going though a difficult life event and are thinking of counselling, I can offer a safe and trusted space to work together to help you move forward. Building a trusting relationship to help identify your needs and goals at your own pace is pivotoal to my approach.
01832 770542 View 01832 770542
Photo of Lauren Ashton - Embracing Change, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP Accred
Embracing Change
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you feeling overwhelmed and your emotions are holding you back from leading a happy and fulfilling life? Maybe you’ve tried everything to cope but feel like you're running out of steam. Or perhaps family relationships feel strained or distant, leaving you uncertain about what to do next. If this resonates, I’m here to help you begin a journey toward clarity, resilience and healing. By walking alongside you and seeing things from your perspective, I can support you in processing these challenges and piecing things back together. Together, we’ll create space for healing, healthy relationships, and a renewed sense of direction.
Are you feeling overwhelmed and your emotions are holding you back from leading a happy and fulfilling life? Maybe you’ve tried everything to cope but feel like you're running out of steam. Or perhaps family relationships feel strained or distant, leaving you uncertain about what to do next. If this resonates, I’m here to help you begin a journey toward clarity, resilience and healing. By walking alongside you and seeing things from your perspective, I can support you in processing these challenges and piecing things back together. Together, we’ll create space for healing, healthy relationships, and a renewed sense of direction.
01487 801953 View 01487 801953

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in PE11

10+

Average cost per session

£47

Counsellors in PE11 who prioritize treating:

100% Anxiety
100% Stress
91% Depression
91% Bereavement
91% Anger Management
91% Self Esteem
82% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Bupa
50% Cigna and Evernorth
50% Other

How Counsellors in PE11 see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

82% Female
18% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in PE11?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.