Counselling in Exeter

View neighbourhoods in Exeter
Photo of Jenny Marshall, Counsellor in Exeter, England
Jenny Marshall
Counsellor, PNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Exeter EX1
Life sure can be complicated… Counselling can be a great way to explore anything you may be struggling with.
Life sure can be complicated… Counselling can be a great way to explore anything you may be struggling with.
01392 321998 View 01392 321998
Photo of Dr Matthew Perkins, Psychologist in Exeter, England
Dr Matthew Perkins
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Exeter EX2  (Online Only)
Are you struggling with the demands of life or maybe something that has happened that has had an impact on you? Taking the first step to getting help can be both a difficult and scary experience. Together, we can make sense of the difficulties that you are experiencing and think together about what you'd like to change and with my guidance we can think about how you can achieve this.
Are you struggling with the demands of life or maybe something that has happened that has had an impact on you? Taking the first step to getting help can be both a difficult and scary experience. Together, we can make sense of the difficulties that you are experiencing and think together about what you'd like to change and with my guidance we can think about how you can achieve this.
01392 321771 View 01392 321771
Photo of Paul Brennan, Counsellor in Exeter, England
Paul Brennan
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Exeter EX2
I offer both in person and online support for people experiencing grief, loss or struggling with change. This can be bereavement, loss of a job, end of a relationship or simply feeling a bit lost in life itself. I also work with men's issues as well as LGBT concerns. I offer a safe, confidential and non-judgemental space to unpack issues, explore your feelings and better understand what is going on for you. You may be feeling lost, anxious, uncertain or scared. That's understandable. That's okay. Considering counselling is a brave step. Well done for coming this far. Let's work together to try and find a way forward for you.
I offer both in person and online support for people experiencing grief, loss or struggling with change. This can be bereavement, loss of a job, end of a relationship or simply feeling a bit lost in life itself. I also work with men's issues as well as LGBT concerns. I offer a safe, confidential and non-judgemental space to unpack issues, explore your feelings and better understand what is going on for you. You may be feeling lost, anxious, uncertain or scared. That's understandable. That's okay. Considering counselling is a brave step. Well done for coming this far. Let's work together to try and find a way forward for you.
07710 299651 View 07710 299651
Photo of Catia Cosme Counselling & Psychotherapy, Counsellor in Exeter, England
Catia Cosme Counselling & Psychotherapy
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Exeter EX1
Hello, my name is Catia. I offer counselling sessions to adults, children and young people as well as couples/marriage therapy. Counselling can bring clarity where there is confusion, resolve past issues, change behaviours and improve relationships. I will provide you a confidential, safe and supportive space for you to talk and work thought the difficulties you are facing. For some people having a safe space to speak and reflect about their issues it is enough to help them move forward, while others may benefit from the use of more creative interventions
Hello, my name is Catia. I offer counselling sessions to adults, children and young people as well as couples/marriage therapy. Counselling can bring clarity where there is confusion, resolve past issues, change behaviours and improve relationships. I will provide you a confidential, safe and supportive space for you to talk and work thought the difficulties you are facing. For some people having a safe space to speak and reflect about their issues it is enough to help them move forward, while others may benefit from the use of more creative interventions
01392 549734 View 01392 549734
Photo of James Yates, Psychotherapist in Exeter, England
James Yates
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Exeter EX4
What does it mean to be yourself in a society that discourages self-expression? To live in a world that disconnects us from each other and from ourselves. A world that distracts us from what’s important and meaningful. The messages we receive from people is not ‘be who you are’, but instead ‘be what I need’. In such a place, being ourselves is a revolutionary act. In what ways are people telling us to be what they need? I’m glad you asked. It can be as simple as a raised eyebrow, or a disparaging look. Or more obvious do’s and don’ts. We get the message.
What does it mean to be yourself in a society that discourages self-expression? To live in a world that disconnects us from each other and from ourselves. A world that distracts us from what’s important and meaningful. The messages we receive from people is not ‘be who you are’, but instead ‘be what I need’. In such a place, being ourselves is a revolutionary act. In what ways are people telling us to be what they need? I’m glad you asked. It can be as simple as a raised eyebrow, or a disparaging look. Or more obvious do’s and don’ts. We get the message.
01392 321330 View 01392 321330
Photo of Mindazine LTD (Katja Jaqueline), Psychologist in Exeter, England
Mindazine LTD (Katja Jaqueline)
Psychologist, GMBPsS
Verified Verified
Exeter EX1
As a therapeutic life coach & mental health practitioner with 20+ years of experience, I help young adults in transition, university/college students, and of all ages overcome anxiety, depression, and emotional disturbances. With degrees in psychology, social sciences and social work, I bring expertise and understanding to every client. My extensive background in the National Health Service and private practice make me a reliable guide on your journey to mental wellness.
As a therapeutic life coach & mental health practitioner with 20+ years of experience, I help young adults in transition, university/college students, and of all ages overcome anxiety, depression, and emotional disturbances. With degrees in psychology, social sciences and social work, I bring expertise and understanding to every client. My extensive background in the National Health Service and private practice make me a reliable guide on your journey to mental wellness.
01392 321488 View 01392 321488
Photo of Dr Rachel Willcox, Psychologist in Exeter, England
Dr Rachel Willcox
Psychologist, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
Exeter EX1  (Online Only)
I am a Chartered Counselling Psychologist and I specialise in offering Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR). I work in a way that is tailored uniquely for each client and integrate other evidenced-based approaches into my practice depending on your needs and working towards your goals together. These may include Compassion Focussed Therapy (CFT), Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Mindfulness. I consider myself to be kind, compassionate and gently challenging and aim to create an environment in which clients can move towards changing their lives for the better, learning new skills & gaining insight.
I am a Chartered Counselling Psychologist and I specialise in offering Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR). I work in a way that is tailored uniquely for each client and integrate other evidenced-based approaches into my practice depending on your needs and working towards your goals together. These may include Compassion Focussed Therapy (CFT), Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Mindfulness. I consider myself to be kind, compassionate and gently challenging and aim to create an environment in which clients can move towards changing their lives for the better, learning new skills & gaining insight.
View
Photo of Samantha Barlow, Counsellor in Exeter, England
Samantha Barlow
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Exeter EX1
Life can be challenging. I offer a caring environment free from judgment for you to explore your feelings. I will work alongside you to develop life-changing habits and help you become the person you wish to be. I have a special interest in working with relationship difficulties, such as separation, divorce, affairs, control or abuse, stepfamily issues and parenting. I am a Relate trained, CPCAB Level 5 relational counsellor. I also work extensively with life stage transitions, such as adolescence, parenthood, menopause, older adults and bereavement. I am passionate about supporting people on their journey for meaning and purpose.
Life can be challenging. I offer a caring environment free from judgment for you to explore your feelings. I will work alongside you to develop life-changing habits and help you become the person you wish to be. I have a special interest in working with relationship difficulties, such as separation, divorce, affairs, control or abuse, stepfamily issues and parenting. I am a Relate trained, CPCAB Level 5 relational counsellor. I also work extensively with life stage transitions, such as adolescence, parenthood, menopause, older adults and bereavement. I am passionate about supporting people on their journey for meaning and purpose.
01392 321428 View 01392 321428
Photo of Heather Beveridge, Counsellor in Exeter, England
Heather Beveridge
Counsellor, MSc, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Exeter EX1
Is your life overwhelming? Is your mental health suffering?Do you feel that you need to offload and share whatever difficulties you may be facing? Are you are looking for a counsellor or psychotherapist that actively listens and understands? I am an experienced mental health practitioners and here to help. Sometimes children and young people get stuck and need a little help too. I also have a great deal of experience working with children and young people. When your child is struggling, trying to get help can feel an impossible task. I offer creative therapy without the stress of a long waiting list.
Is your life overwhelming? Is your mental health suffering?Do you feel that you need to offload and share whatever difficulties you may be facing? Are you are looking for a counsellor or psychotherapist that actively listens and understands? I am an experienced mental health practitioners and here to help. Sometimes children and young people get stuck and need a little help too. I also have a great deal of experience working with children and young people. When your child is struggling, trying to get help can feel an impossible task. I offer creative therapy without the stress of a long waiting list.
01392 321603 View 01392 321603
Photo of Agnieszka (Agnes) Zalewska, Psychoanalysis, Psychotherapist in Exeter, England
Agnieszka (Agnes) Zalewska, Psychoanalysis
Psychotherapist, MA, BPC
Verified Verified
Exeter EX4
I am accredited psychoanalytic psychotherapist, training psychoanalytic psychotherapist approved by the leading providers of training in psychodynamic and psychoanalytic psychotherapy, and a supervisor. I offer a non-judgmental space to talk and think, for how long it is needed, with the minimum frequency of 1-3 sessions per week.
I am accredited psychoanalytic psychotherapist, training psychoanalytic psychotherapist approved by the leading providers of training in psychodynamic and psychoanalytic psychotherapy, and a supervisor. I offer a non-judgmental space to talk and think, for how long it is needed, with the minimum frequency of 1-3 sessions per week.
01392 719348 View 01392 719348
Photo of Anne-Marie Lorenzo, Counsellor in Exeter, England
Anne-Marie Lorenzo
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Exeter EX4
Hi, thank you for visiting my profile. Approaching counselling can feel scary & overwhelming, like opening a can of worms. As part of my training, I too had to open that can with great trepidation. However, a counsellor can help you safely sift through rather than spill them all out in one chaotic, squirming mess. You are in control of your story. I see my job as helping you to "unpack" and explore your past and present. I have a wealth of lived experiences that have brought me to where I am today, and I am passionate about the empowerment, healing and personal growth that the counselling relationship can bring - human or canine!
Hi, thank you for visiting my profile. Approaching counselling can feel scary & overwhelming, like opening a can of worms. As part of my training, I too had to open that can with great trepidation. However, a counsellor can help you safely sift through rather than spill them all out in one chaotic, squirming mess. You are in control of your story. I see my job as helping you to "unpack" and explore your past and present. I have a wealth of lived experiences that have brought me to where I am today, and I am passionate about the empowerment, healing and personal growth that the counselling relationship can bring - human or canine!
01392 321719 View 01392 321719
Photo of Jessica Sings, Counsellor in Exeter, England
Jessica Sings
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Exeter EX1
I hear from clients so many times how they feel defected, unlovable and unworthy. I’m here to tell you that its ok to be you! The first step is reaching out for help. The second step is being brave enough to let me walk alongside you through the difficult feelings that you have been carrying for so long. We will get to the other side of healing together. I am a open-minded counsellor, sex-positive, LGBTQIA+, Gender, Sexuality & Relationship Diversity (GSRD) affirming. Also working with clients who are diagnosed or self-diagnosed as neurodivergent (ASD, OCD, ADHD).
I hear from clients so many times how they feel defected, unlovable and unworthy. I’m here to tell you that its ok to be you! The first step is reaching out for help. The second step is being brave enough to let me walk alongside you through the difficult feelings that you have been carrying for so long. We will get to the other side of healing together. I am a open-minded counsellor, sex-positive, LGBTQIA+, Gender, Sexuality & Relationship Diversity (GSRD) affirming. Also working with clients who are diagnosed or self-diagnosed as neurodivergent (ASD, OCD, ADHD).
View
Photo of Jane Drake, Counsellor in Exeter, England
Jane Drake
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Exeter EX1
Are you feeling lost, anxious or depressed? Grieving after the death of a loved one, struggling with relationship issues or feeling overwhelmed with life. We can all feel overwhelmed from time to time, I can help you to cope with the hurdles that life can unexpectedly throw at us. I feel that the most important aspect of counselling is building a strong, trusting therapeutic relationship where you feel truly heard and understood without judgement.
Are you feeling lost, anxious or depressed? Grieving after the death of a loved one, struggling with relationship issues or feeling overwhelmed with life. We can all feel overwhelmed from time to time, I can help you to cope with the hurdles that life can unexpectedly throw at us. I feel that the most important aspect of counselling is building a strong, trusting therapeutic relationship where you feel truly heard and understood without judgement.
01363 722188 View 01363 722188
Photo of Rebecca Isin, Psychotherapist in Exeter, England
Rebecca Isin
Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Verified Verified
Exeter EX4
I work with adults and young people and offer both short and long term therapy. Sometimes life’s challenges may feel overwhelming, emotionally exhausting or relentless and we may seek professional support to help us find our way through. Anxiety, depression, feeling lost, lonely, confused or traumatised are some of the many issues people bring. Whilst our personal stories and the reasons for our distress are ultimately as unique as we are, I have found that clients of all ages share a common goal; the desire to gain new perspectives and deeper understandings of themselves and to explore the possibilities and means of change.
I work with adults and young people and offer both short and long term therapy. Sometimes life’s challenges may feel overwhelming, emotionally exhausting or relentless and we may seek professional support to help us find our way through. Anxiety, depression, feeling lost, lonely, confused or traumatised are some of the many issues people bring. Whilst our personal stories and the reasons for our distress are ultimately as unique as we are, I have found that clients of all ages share a common goal; the desire to gain new perspectives and deeper understandings of themselves and to explore the possibilities and means of change.
01392 321939 View 01392 321939
Photo of Performance Mind: Sport-Creative-Work. Jerry Fox in Exeter, England
Performance Mind: Sport-Creative-Work. Jerry Fox
Verified Verified
Exeter EX4
I work as a Cognitive & Mindfulness Based psychological trainer. I train people in how to enhance their self-belief for: resilience, motivation, managing pressure & performance related emotions. Pressure in life, as in high-demand or performance environments is a certainty & how we perceive pressure determines our response. We can choose how to think about pressure, but this depends on our levels of self-belief, which is an essential ingredient when navigating demanding situations. In these environments we need access to skills to strengthen & take care of our mental fitness & mental health. We can train these skills with support.
I work as a Cognitive & Mindfulness Based psychological trainer. I train people in how to enhance their self-belief for: resilience, motivation, managing pressure & performance related emotions. Pressure in life, as in high-demand or performance environments is a certainty & how we perceive pressure determines our response. We can choose how to think about pressure, but this depends on our levels of self-belief, which is an essential ingredient when navigating demanding situations. In these environments we need access to skills to strengthen & take care of our mental fitness & mental health. We can train these skills with support.
01392 321706 View 01392 321706
Photo of Zoe Powell Martin, Counsellor in Exeter, England
Zoe Powell Martin
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
Exeter EX6  (Online Only)
Hello, I'm Zoe - it's a pleasure to meet you. I am an experienced LGBTQ+ and University counsellor currently offering online counselling and psychotherapy. I provide a warm, safe and nurturing space to support you on your therapeutic journey. As a therapist, I am committed to ensure that your therapy sessions are co-constructed to meet your individual therapeutic needs. Benefitting from shared-decision making, a focus on therapeutic direction as well as empathy, support, compassion and attention, you can expect a uniquely inclusive and collaborative therapeutic experience.
Hello, I'm Zoe - it's a pleasure to meet you. I am an experienced LGBTQ+ and University counsellor currently offering online counselling and psychotherapy. I provide a warm, safe and nurturing space to support you on your therapeutic journey. As a therapist, I am committed to ensure that your therapy sessions are co-constructed to meet your individual therapeutic needs. Benefitting from shared-decision making, a focus on therapeutic direction as well as empathy, support, compassion and attention, you can expect a uniquely inclusive and collaborative therapeutic experience.
01363 722166 View 01363 722166
Photo of Renee Norris Counselling, 1-2-1, Couples & 13+, Counsellor in Exeter, England
Renee Norris Counselling, 1-2-1, Couples & 13+
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Exeter EX5
Clients generally come to me when they are struggling with some aspect of their emotions, thoughts or behaviour. My aim is to help my client with accepting or changing some aspect of these three areas. Every client comes with unique issues and from my seat I view the issues as one, "a block in the road to wellness". I am keenly aware that all clients come with individual goals and I am here to help. Many of my clients use the phrase “I just want to feel better". This is my hope for everyone who engages with me in therapy. “TO FEEL BETTER” I offer confidentiality, openness and transparency at all times.
Clients generally come to me when they are struggling with some aspect of their emotions, thoughts or behaviour. My aim is to help my client with accepting or changing some aspect of these three areas. Every client comes with unique issues and from my seat I view the issues as one, "a block in the road to wellness". I am keenly aware that all clients come with individual goals and I am here to help. Many of my clients use the phrase “I just want to feel better". This is my hope for everyone who engages with me in therapy. “TO FEEL BETTER” I offer confidentiality, openness and transparency at all times.
01392 531578 View 01392 531578
Photo of Audaye Elesedy, Psychotherapist in Exeter, England
Audaye Elesedy
Psychotherapist, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Exeter EX4
Often, the reasons given to me for arriving to therapy are feature one or more of the following: anxiety, depression, sadness, self confidence, life changing illnesses, self identity, early childhood, past or present relationships, bereavements, traumatic experiences, injury and mental health diagnosis. How these issues and difficult feelings manifest in people's lives are unique and so 'reasons' may be identified as problems or difficulties with: addictions; work; intimate or family relationships; children and parenting; personal or spiritual identity, or something existential. Therapy offers to solute and salve these issues.
Often, the reasons given to me for arriving to therapy are feature one or more of the following: anxiety, depression, sadness, self confidence, life changing illnesses, self identity, early childhood, past or present relationships, bereavements, traumatic experiences, injury and mental health diagnosis. How these issues and difficult feelings manifest in people's lives are unique and so 'reasons' may be identified as problems or difficulties with: addictions; work; intimate or family relationships; children and parenting; personal or spiritual identity, or something existential. Therapy offers to solute and salve these issues.
01392 321528 View 01392 321528
Photo of Hannah Marie Galvin, Psychotherapist in Exeter, England
Hannah Marie Galvin
Psychotherapist, MA, ACP
Verified Verified
Exeter EX4
I'm a psychoanalytic psychotherapist trained to MA and Doctoral level respectively with adults and children and adolescents. I'm also a course tutor for a psychotherapy course at The Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust. I have experience of working across the age range with a wide variety of mild to moderate, sometimes more severe presenting problems. Some people see me because they're very unhappy, distressed or worried, others come because they want to understand themselves better and they're curious about why they encounter the same patterns.
I'm a psychoanalytic psychotherapist trained to MA and Doctoral level respectively with adults and children and adolescents. I'm also a course tutor for a psychotherapy course at The Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust. I have experience of working across the age range with a wide variety of mild to moderate, sometimes more severe presenting problems. Some people see me because they're very unhappy, distressed or worried, others come because they want to understand themselves better and they're curious about why they encounter the same patterns.
01392 321462 View 01392 321462
Photo of Emily King Counselling & Psychotherapy, Counsellor in Exeter, England
Emily King Counselling & Psychotherapy
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Exeter EX4
Everyone experiences difficulties at some point in their lives, even those who we may regard as the strong ones. It can be a lonely and overwhelming time, one of the hardest tasks is making the first step to reach out for help, so well done for managing to come this far. The aim of Counselling is to provide a safe, secure and non-judgemental environment in which any concerns or issues can be discussed.
Everyone experiences difficulties at some point in their lives, even those who we may regard as the strong ones. It can be a lonely and overwhelming time, one of the hardest tasks is making the first step to reach out for help, so well done for managing to come this far. The aim of Counselling is to provide a safe, secure and non-judgemental environment in which any concerns or issues can be discussed.
01392 321299 View 01392 321299

See more therapy options for Exeter

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Exeter

200+

Average cost per session

£55

Counsellors in Exeter who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
90% Depression
86% Self Esteem
84% Stress
80% Relationship Issues
69% Bereavement
67% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

7 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

56% AXA PPP
54% Aviva
44% Bupa

How Counsellors in Exeter see their clients

84% In Person and Online
16% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Exeter?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.