Counselling in MK18

Photo of Jenny Edwards, Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Jenny Edwards
Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Winslow MK18
Thank you for taking the time to visit my profile. Reaching out is a brave first step toward change. You may be here because of a difficult past. Perhaps your childhood left you feeling hurt, or you’ve always felt like you don’t quite fit in. Maybe you find yourself overcompensating in social situations, questioning your worth, or wondering what’s “wrong” with you. Do you often feel anxious, struggle to relax around others, or experience emotions like anger, jealousy, or sadness without fully understanding why?
Thank you for taking the time to visit my profile. Reaching out is a brave first step toward change. You may be here because of a difficult past. Perhaps your childhood left you feeling hurt, or you’ve always felt like you don’t quite fit in. Maybe you find yourself overcompensating in social situations, questioning your worth, or wondering what’s “wrong” with you. Do you often feel anxious, struggle to relax around others, or experience emotions like anger, jealousy, or sadness without fully understanding why?
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Photo of Emma Spacek, Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Emma Spacek
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Winslow MK18
I believe, that it is one thing to listen to someone when they speak, but it is another to truly hear what they are saying. In sessions my aim is to offer true warmth and honesty so that we can work together in a trusting therapeutic relationship. My work with clients covers many different aspects such as trauma, abuse, self-harm, bereavement, long term and life changing health issues, relationship difficulties, job dissatisfaction, life changes, depression or simply unexplained feelings of loss, fear and anxiety. Working together, at your pace, we can explore what is troubling you, and uncover any root causes
I believe, that it is one thing to listen to someone when they speak, but it is another to truly hear what they are saying. In sessions my aim is to offer true warmth and honesty so that we can work together in a trusting therapeutic relationship. My work with clients covers many different aspects such as trauma, abuse, self-harm, bereavement, long term and life changing health issues, relationship difficulties, job dissatisfaction, life changes, depression or simply unexplained feelings of loss, fear and anxiety. Working together, at your pace, we can explore what is troubling you, and uncover any root causes
01225 435026 View 01225 435026
Photo of Tim Lockley, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Tim Lockley
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Winslow MK18
I am a qualified, BACP-registered psychotherapist offering online and in-person sessions for individuals. I provide a warm, supportive, and confidential space where you can explore your thoughts and feelings at your own pace. I value building a trusting therapeutic relationship and work collaboratively to understand your experiences, needs, and goals. My relational approach draws on psychodynamic and person-centred theories, helping us explore how past experiences shape the present, while staying attentive to what matters for you in the 'here and now'.
I am a qualified, BACP-registered psychotherapist offering online and in-person sessions for individuals. I provide a warm, supportive, and confidential space where you can explore your thoughts and feelings at your own pace. I value building a trusting therapeutic relationship and work collaboratively to understand your experiences, needs, and goals. My relational approach draws on psychodynamic and person-centred theories, helping us explore how past experiences shape the present, while staying attentive to what matters for you in the 'here and now'.
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Photo of Carolina Preo, Counsellor, MSc, MNCPS Acc.
Carolina Preo
Counsellor, MSc, MNCPS Acc.
Ten years ago, I was where you are. Suffering with anxiety and panic attacks pushed me to seek support out of desperation. I didn’t see how talking could help, yet it changed my life. I eventually trained as a counsellor to support others the way I was: feeling like I finally had someone in my corner. But how do you even choose a counsellor? It can feel like a daunting task, especially if having so many options leaves you feeling overwhelmed. This is where your intuition helps. We are often conditioned to ignore our "gut feeling" in favour of the "shoulds" of life—but those "shoulds" often lead us away from our authentic selves.
Ten years ago, I was where you are. Suffering with anxiety and panic attacks pushed me to seek support out of desperation. I didn’t see how talking could help, yet it changed my life. I eventually trained as a counsellor to support others the way I was: feeling like I finally had someone in my corner. But how do you even choose a counsellor? It can feel like a daunting task, especially if having so many options leaves you feeling overwhelmed. This is where your intuition helps. We are often conditioned to ignore our "gut feeling" in favour of the "shoulds" of life—but those "shoulds" often lead us away from our authentic selves.
01280 733693 View 01280 733693
Photo of Tom Spacek, Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
Tom Spacek
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
Winslow MK18
I am a fully accredited and experienced Cognitive Behavioural Therapist and supervisor. I pride myself in offering a bespoke service providing evidence-based therapy for depression, PTSD, stress, low self-esteem and a range of anxiety disorders (such as panic disorder, OCD, social anxiety, health anxiety, body dysmorphic disorder and phobias). I have a special interest in applying mindfulness based and compassion-focused treatment across a range of psychological disorders.
I am a fully accredited and experienced Cognitive Behavioural Therapist and supervisor. I pride myself in offering a bespoke service providing evidence-based therapy for depression, PTSD, stress, low self-esteem and a range of anxiety disorders (such as panic disorder, OCD, social anxiety, health anxiety, body dysmorphic disorder and phobias). I have a special interest in applying mindfulness based and compassion-focused treatment across a range of psychological disorders.
01525 302717 View 01525 302717
Photo of Sarah Manders-Naden, Counsellor, PTUK
Sarah Manders-Naden
Counsellor, PTUK
Play Therapy helps children to express themselves, explore their thoughts and feelings, and make sense of their life experiences. It can help children experiencing a wide variety of social, emotional and behavioural problems including anger, bereavement, anxiety, friendship issues and low self esteem.
Play Therapy helps children to express themselves, explore their thoughts and feelings, and make sense of their life experiences. It can help children experiencing a wide variety of social, emotional and behavioural problems including anger, bereavement, anxiety, friendship issues and low self esteem.
01280 732188 View 01280 732188
Photo of Tim Buckingham, Counsellor, MBACP
Tim Buckingham
Counsellor, MBACP
Face to face sessions for adults and young people aged 11 +, located close to Buckingham, in a peaceful countryside setting. Where appropriate, I encourage my clients to take some of their counselling outdoors. This allows you, if you wish, to engage with the healing from nature to complement your therapy and is proving to be very effective. Many of my clients find beneficial outcomes are often achieved in 6 to 10 sessions.
Face to face sessions for adults and young people aged 11 +, located close to Buckingham, in a peaceful countryside setting. Where appropriate, I encourage my clients to take some of their counselling outdoors. This allows you, if you wish, to engage with the healing from nature to complement your therapy and is proving to be very effective. Many of my clients find beneficial outcomes are often achieved in 6 to 10 sessions.
01280 736305 View 01280 736305
Photo of Philippa Williams - Psychology, Naturopathy & Clinical Supervision, Psychologist, GMBPsS
I work with adults, young people, and practitioners navigating a wide range of issues — from complex trauma, emotional dysregulation, and dissociation, to anxiety, low mood, or a general sense of being lost or disconnected. You may be managing a diagnosis such as BPD/EUPD, or looking for more regulation, clarity, or reconnection. I offer one-off consultations, structured blocks, open-ended work, monthly packages and intensives. Together we’ll build a therapeutic path that fits your circumstances, drawing on tailored psychological approaches, naturopathy, and body-based care.
I work with adults, young people, and practitioners navigating a wide range of issues — from complex trauma, emotional dysregulation, and dissociation, to anxiety, low mood, or a general sense of being lost or disconnected. You may be managing a diagnosis such as BPD/EUPD, or looking for more regulation, clarity, or reconnection. I offer one-off consultations, structured blocks, open-ended work, monthly packages and intensives. Together we’ll build a therapeutic path that fits your circumstances, drawing on tailored psychological approaches, naturopathy, and body-based care.
07588 695348 View 07588 695348
Photo of Kirsty Hayhoe
Kirsty Hayhoe
Verified Verified
My work is about helping people connect with a life they value. We all feel stuck sometimes and struggling with thoughts, feelings or behaviours can overwhelm and disconnect us from life. The key client groups I work with are 1) People with stress, anxiety, depression. 2) Autistic adults and young people. 3) Autistic children (from non-verbal to fluent conversationalists.) I’m also interested in helping people work with their pets to reduce anxiety. I have a wealth of experience using behaviour change and ACT and I have supported over 100 families with autistic children to help with behaviour management & communication skills.
My work is about helping people connect with a life they value. We all feel stuck sometimes and struggling with thoughts, feelings or behaviours can overwhelm and disconnect us from life. The key client groups I work with are 1) People with stress, anxiety, depression. 2) Autistic adults and young people. 3) Autistic children (from non-verbal to fluent conversationalists.) I’m also interested in helping people work with their pets to reduce anxiety. I have a wealth of experience using behaviour change and ACT and I have supported over 100 families with autistic children to help with behaviour management & communication skills.
01604 913710 View 01604 913710
Photo of Kimberley Bolton, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Kimberley Bolton
Psychotherapist, MBACP
At some point in our lives, we all encounter difficulties. We each have unique experiences of these struggles and at times they can feel overwhelming. You may seek therapy if you feel stressed, anxious or struggle with low mood. You might find yourself affected by current or past experiences. Difficulties related to your relationships, work, or homelife. It may be that you long for a calm, confidential space to be heard and understood. Counselling and psychotherapy can help wherever you are in your life.
At some point in our lives, we all encounter difficulties. We each have unique experiences of these struggles and at times they can feel overwhelming. You may seek therapy if you feel stressed, anxious or struggle with low mood. You might find yourself affected by current or past experiences. Difficulties related to your relationships, work, or homelife. It may be that you long for a calm, confidential space to be heard and understood. Counselling and psychotherapy can help wherever you are in your life.
01296 327584 View 01296 327584
Photo of Sophie Helen Halliday-Chambers, Counsellor, MBACP
I have always wanted to use my personal and professional experience to support others, especially young people and those living alongside young people. I have a specific passion towards supporting those facing social, emotional and behavioural challenges - including those involved in youth offending. I have a wealth of experience working with young people and vulnerable adults who are experiencing withdrawal or segregation from society, whether that's due to anxiety, depression, social or environmental factors, or situational factors.
I have always wanted to use my personal and professional experience to support others, especially young people and those living alongside young people. I have a specific passion towards supporting those facing social, emotional and behavioural challenges - including those involved in youth offending. I have a wealth of experience working with young people and vulnerable adults who are experiencing withdrawal or segregation from society, whether that's due to anxiety, depression, social or environmental factors, or situational factors.
01752 741759 View 01752 741759
Photo of Smita Davé, Psychotherapist, MSc
Smita Davé
Psychotherapist, MSc
Serves Area
I work as a Cognitive Behavioural Psychotherapist in an NHS CAMHS (Child and Adolesecent Services) service and a small private practice. I previously worked as nurse for 15 years in CAMHS and adult secondary care. I comepleted my MSc in CBT in 2015 and since then have worked as a CBT therapist in CAMHS and with adults. In my private practice I work with children, young people and adults with a variety of difficulties including mood and anxiety disorders including trauma focused CBT. I have also recenty trained in EMDR (Eye Movement Desenstization Reprocessing) and offer EMDR to children, young people and adults.
I work as a Cognitive Behavioural Psychotherapist in an NHS CAMHS (Child and Adolesecent Services) service and a small private practice. I previously worked as nurse for 15 years in CAMHS and adult secondary care. I comepleted my MSc in CBT in 2015 and since then have worked as a CBT therapist in CAMHS and with adults. In my private practice I work with children, young people and adults with a variety of difficulties including mood and anxiety disorders including trauma focused CBT. I have also recenty trained in EMDR (Eye Movement Desenstization Reprocessing) and offer EMDR to children, young people and adults.
07956 308774 View 07956 308774
Photo of Sarah Robinson - The Launton Listening Lodge , Counsellor, MBACP
The Launton Listening Lodge
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
Hi I’m Sarah, a qualified Psychotherapeutic Counsellor. I run a quiet private practice from Launton with free parking, where I provide confidential in-person counselling to adults. The therapeutic relationship is at the heart of my practice as I believe this is what enables us to heal. As my client, you are my priority and I strive to offer a therapeutic relationship where there is mutual trust, you feel heard, understood and valued, as a whole unique person. I understand how daunting deciding to see a counsellor can be. Often it’s the first difficult step, especially if you have never experienced counselling before.
Hi I’m Sarah, a qualified Psychotherapeutic Counsellor. I run a quiet private practice from Launton with free parking, where I provide confidential in-person counselling to adults. The therapeutic relationship is at the heart of my practice as I believe this is what enables us to heal. As my client, you are my priority and I strive to offer a therapeutic relationship where there is mutual trust, you feel heard, understood and valued, as a whole unique person. I understand how daunting deciding to see a counsellor can be. Often it’s the first difficult step, especially if you have never experienced counselling before.
01869 943658 View 01869 943658
Photo of Paul Masters, Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Paul Masters
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Hello and welcome. Making the decision to begin therapy or counselling can be anxiety provoking. It is important, therefore, to find the right therapist or counsellor for you, as this is a vital element of the psychotherapeutic process. Finding a therapist or counsellor you feel safe with and with whom you have a sense of connection will enable you to explore the issues you are experiencing. People of all ethnicities and social backgrounds seek therapy for a plethora of reasons, and I welcome patients whatever their culture, ethnicity, nationality, sexual orientation, or gender.
Hello and welcome. Making the decision to begin therapy or counselling can be anxiety provoking. It is important, therefore, to find the right therapist or counsellor for you, as this is a vital element of the psychotherapeutic process. Finding a therapist or counsellor you feel safe with and with whom you have a sense of connection will enable you to explore the issues you are experiencing. People of all ethnicities and social backgrounds seek therapy for a plethora of reasons, and I welcome patients whatever their culture, ethnicity, nationality, sexual orientation, or gender.
020 3962 1621 View 020 3962 1621
Photo of Karen Johnson, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Karen Johnson
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Serves Area
Do you wake up anxious, stressed and dread the beginning of each new day? Are you feeling overwhelmed from taking care of everyone else’s needs and feel guilty if you take time for yourself? Do you often feel that everyone else’s problems are greater than yours and don’t speak out about your own difficulties but will happily listen and support friends when they need help? Perhaps you feel that your work / life balance is out of control but just don't know where to start? Working together I will help you create healthier habits, feel better about yourself and learn techniques to feel more in control to begin enjoying life again.
Do you wake up anxious, stressed and dread the beginning of each new day? Are you feeling overwhelmed from taking care of everyone else’s needs and feel guilty if you take time for yourself? Do you often feel that everyone else’s problems are greater than yours and don’t speak out about your own difficulties but will happily listen and support friends when they need help? Perhaps you feel that your work / life balance is out of control but just don't know where to start? Working together I will help you create healthier habits, feel better about yourself and learn techniques to feel more in control to begin enjoying life again.
01788 229475 View 01788 229475
Photo of Julie Arnold, Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, MBACP Accred
Julie Arnold
Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, MBACP Accred
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I am a fully qualified, accredited Psychotherapist and counsellor. I work with a range of issues, including anxiety and depression. Being heard and accepted for being who you truly are, can feel incredibly empowering. When this is taken away, our thoughts can trigger unhelpful behaviours, increasing low mood. Which in turn can play havoc with our emotions. When we feel lonely and isolated, overwhelming feelings can flood our thoughts and fears. I can offer you a safe, warm, and confidential space to explore any issues that may contribute towards your anxiety and depression. I am here to listen to you in an non-judgmental way.
I am a fully qualified, accredited Psychotherapist and counsellor. I work with a range of issues, including anxiety and depression. Being heard and accepted for being who you truly are, can feel incredibly empowering. When this is taken away, our thoughts can trigger unhelpful behaviours, increasing low mood. Which in turn can play havoc with our emotions. When we feel lonely and isolated, overwhelming feelings can flood our thoughts and fears. I can offer you a safe, warm, and confidential space to explore any issues that may contribute towards your anxiety and depression. I am here to listen to you in an non-judgmental way.
01442 501237 View 01442 501237
Photo of Patricia Downing, Counsellor, MA, MBACP Accred
Patricia Downing
Counsellor, MA, MBACP Accred
Serves Area
I am based in Stewkley, 5 miles from Leighton Buzzard, about 10 miles from Aylesbury and Milton Keynes. A quiet village location, with a welcoming and private therapy space. You may be looking for a counsellor/psychotherapist who can work with you if you are experiencing depression, anxiety, trauma symptoms, relationship issues or major life changes...with a range of skills and almost 20 years experience of offering therapy, I can provide a safe space to explore and make sense of these challenges. I am also a 'climate aware' therapist, involved in facilitating climate cafe listening circles.
I am based in Stewkley, 5 miles from Leighton Buzzard, about 10 miles from Aylesbury and Milton Keynes. A quiet village location, with a welcoming and private therapy space. You may be looking for a counsellor/psychotherapist who can work with you if you are experiencing depression, anxiety, trauma symptoms, relationship issues or major life changes...with a range of skills and almost 20 years experience of offering therapy, I can provide a safe space to explore and make sense of these challenges. I am also a 'climate aware' therapist, involved in facilitating climate cafe listening circles.
01525 304637 View 01525 304637
Photo of Sally Hartley, Counsellor, PhD, MBACP
Sally Hartley
Counsellor, PhD, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
A warm welcome from me. It can feel a daunting task to start therapy – finding the right person and making contact and meeting for the first time. It is a brave step, and it is the first step to finding a space where you can talk and feel listened to and not feel judged. I work with a people from all walks of life, who are facing a variety of issues.
A warm welcome from me. It can feel a daunting task to start therapy – finding the right person and making contact and meeting for the first time. It is a brave step, and it is the first step to finding a space where you can talk and feel listened to and not feel judged. I work with a people from all walks of life, who are facing a variety of issues.
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Photo of Hannah Green, Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Hannah Green
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Serves Area
Have you experienced trauma or loss that is making it difficult to find meaning in your life? I understand that the experiences can be incredibly challenging, and it takes courage to seek support. That's why I want to assure you that you are not alone. I am a qualified Clinical Psychologist registered with the Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC) and I have extensive experience working across various settings within the NHS and private practice. I am here to provide a safe, compassionate, and non-judgmental space where you can explore your experiences and begin the journey towards healing.
Have you experienced trauma or loss that is making it difficult to find meaning in your life? I understand that the experiences can be incredibly challenging, and it takes courage to seek support. That's why I want to assure you that you are not alone. I am a qualified Clinical Psychologist registered with the Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC) and I have extensive experience working across various settings within the NHS and private practice. I am here to provide a safe, compassionate, and non-judgmental space where you can explore your experiences and begin the journey towards healing.
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Photo of Clive Deeks, Counsellor, MBACP
Clive Deeks
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
Back in the nineties when I went to my first counselling session when it seemed the only option left that I could face. In the UK back then ‘therapy’ was almost taboo and I was scared to tell a soul. Thank goodness I quickly felt safe enough to confide in my counsellor and to share with her my deepest fears for my sanity, my marriage, my high pressure job and indeed, my future (if there was to be one). I can’t remember too much about those sessions now but I always felt better just for having shared. Nowadays through counselling I help people to find and to love their inner selves, to handle whatever life throws at them and to grow.
Back in the nineties when I went to my first counselling session when it seemed the only option left that I could face. In the UK back then ‘therapy’ was almost taboo and I was scared to tell a soul. Thank goodness I quickly felt safe enough to confide in my counsellor and to share with her my deepest fears for my sanity, my marriage, my high pressure job and indeed, my future (if there was to be one). I can’t remember too much about those sessions now but I always felt better just for having shared. Nowadays through counselling I help people to find and to love their inner selves, to handle whatever life throws at them and to grow.
01296 254512 View 01296 254512

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in MK18

40+

Average cost per session

£60

Counsellors in MK18 who prioritize treating:

100% Anxiety
89% Self Esteem
82% Depression
71% Relationship Issues
71% Stress
62% Bereavement
58% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

88% Bupa
88% Vitality
75% Aviva

How Counsellors in MK18 see their clients

84% In Person and Online
16% Online Only

Gender breakdown

85% Female
13% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in MK18?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.