Photo of Sarah Williams - Light In The Dark Therapy, MBACP, Counsellor
Light In The Dark Therapy
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Is there something in your life that is causing you distress, things that you are unhappy with or changes that you would like to make? Ever feel that you are overwhelmed by your thoughts and feelings, unsure which path to take? Would you like a space in which you can off load, process and decide which way might be best for you? We can all feel lost from time to time, it is okay to be you, and it is ok to need some support. Your feelings are valid and your thoughts are important. If you feel ready to take the first step, reach out and together we can decide how best to move forward. I offer long term work or short term work.
Is there something in your life that is causing you distress, things that you are unhappy with or changes that you would like to make? Ever feel that you are overwhelmed by your thoughts and feelings, unsure which path to take? Would you like a space in which you can off load, process and decide which way might be best for you? We can all feel lost from time to time, it is okay to be you, and it is ok to need some support. Your feelings are valid and your thoughts are important. If you feel ready to take the first step, reach out and together we can decide how best to move forward. I offer long term work or short term work.
01908 015425 View 01908 015425
Photo of Lydia Browne, MNCPS Acc., Counsellor
Lydia Browne
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
I am an experienced counsellor offering UK wide, short to medium term one to one counselling online for adult women. I help women who are struggling to manage negative emotions due to stressful life events or changes in any aspect of their life such as personal development/identity, family life, relationships, work, career. Although I work with women from all backgrounds, as a London born, Afro-Caribbean Black British woman, I can offer a nuanced understanding of women of Black/African/African-Caribbean origin who are struggling with challenges in life that are causing difficult and overwhelming emotions.
I am an experienced counsellor offering UK wide, short to medium term one to one counselling online for adult women. I help women who are struggling to manage negative emotions due to stressful life events or changes in any aspect of their life such as personal development/identity, family life, relationships, work, career. Although I work with women from all backgrounds, as a London born, Afro-Caribbean Black British woman, I can offer a nuanced understanding of women of Black/African/African-Caribbean origin who are struggling with challenges in life that are causing difficult and overwhelming emotions.
01406 431138 View 01406 431138
Photo of Jasmer Chauhan, MA, BACP, Psychotherapist
Jasmer Chauhan
Psychotherapist, MA, BACP
Verified Verified
With so many profiles on this site to view, I would like to thank you for taking the time to read my profile. I appreciate the challenges when trying to find the right therapist. Please let me introduce myself, my name is Jasmer Chauhan, and I am a fully qualified integrative psychotherapist. Choosing the right therapist is a crucial step in beginning a journey toward personal growth and healing. That is why I offer a free initial consultation. This will allow you an opportunity to talk about your concerns and ask any questions relating to therapy, my approach, and my practice.
With so many profiles on this site to view, I would like to thank you for taking the time to read my profile. I appreciate the challenges when trying to find the right therapist. Please let me introduce myself, my name is Jasmer Chauhan, and I am a fully qualified integrative psychotherapist. Choosing the right therapist is a crucial step in beginning a journey toward personal growth and healing. That is why I offer a free initial consultation. This will allow you an opportunity to talk about your concerns and ask any questions relating to therapy, my approach, and my practice.
01908 103162 View 01908 103162
Photo of Inga Krzyzanowska de Sloan, MA, HCPC-Art Therap., Psychotherapist
Inga Krzyzanowska de Sloan
Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
I'm a fully qualified, HCPC registered Art Psychotherapist based from MK / Luton, but I work throughout the Home Counties. I utilise a creative process with clients who present with a wide range of difficulties such as low mood, attachment or relational issues, trauma, psychosis, personality disorders, self-harming behaviours, low self-esteem and anxiety disorders. Art Psychotherapy can enable you to stabilise moods, explore unconscious processes and make progress toward recovery. Using art materials encourages you to express feelings which are difficult to express in words, in a safe, compassionate, non-judgemental space.
I'm a fully qualified, HCPC registered Art Psychotherapist based from MK / Luton, but I work throughout the Home Counties. I utilise a creative process with clients who present with a wide range of difficulties such as low mood, attachment or relational issues, trauma, psychosis, personality disorders, self-harming behaviours, low self-esteem and anxiety disorders. Art Psychotherapy can enable you to stabilise moods, explore unconscious processes and make progress toward recovery. Using art materials encourages you to express feelings which are difficult to express in words, in a safe, compassionate, non-judgemental space.
01491 523719 View 01491 523719
Photo of Sarah Showler, MNCPS Acc., Counsellor
Sarah Showler
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
My aim is to offer my clients a supportive and safe space for them to explore and work through their challenges. This means that I actively listen to my clients, working collaboratively together to find a new perspective and approach to their situations to enable them to make the positive steps toward their goals and in their lives. I believe that counselling isn’t a ‘one size fits all’ process and together we will work out a process that best works for you. Finding a solution to understand or accept something that has been holding you back is a positive step.
My aim is to offer my clients a supportive and safe space for them to explore and work through their challenges. This means that I actively listen to my clients, working collaboratively together to find a new perspective and approach to their situations to enable them to make the positive steps toward their goals and in their lives. I believe that counselling isn’t a ‘one size fits all’ process and together we will work out a process that best works for you. Finding a solution to understand or accept something that has been holding you back is a positive step.
01908 015970 View 01908 015970
Photo of Coral Sabrina Taylor, MBACP, Counsellor
Coral Sabrina Taylor
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Hey there! Welcome. How are you? Sometimes there are too many words and sometimes there are no words. Sometimes it’s just a feeling on the inside or a weight on the outside. Or maybe it is more identifiable for you... Perhaps you're stressed at work? Feeling lost in life? Going through big changes? Not feeling yourself? Struggling with your identity, sexuality, health, or relationships? Dealing with painful life events? Whatever it feels like for you, whether you can explain the feeling or not, I'm here for you and I'm ready to listen and you will be heard. You deserve to be heard. You deserve to be happy.
Hey there! Welcome. How are you? Sometimes there are too many words and sometimes there are no words. Sometimes it’s just a feeling on the inside or a weight on the outside. Or maybe it is more identifiable for you... Perhaps you're stressed at work? Feeling lost in life? Going through big changes? Not feeling yourself? Struggling with your identity, sexuality, health, or relationships? Dealing with painful life events? Whatever it feels like for you, whether you can explain the feeling or not, I'm here for you and I'm ready to listen and you will be heard. You deserve to be heard. You deserve to be happy.
01604 279152 View 01604 279152
Photo of Karen Mitchell, BACP, Counsellor
Karen Mitchell
Counsellor, BACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hello there. If you’re struggling right now and feel like you need some support, for whatever reason, please reach out. I'm a warm, non-judgemental counsellor (human), who will work at your speed, helping you explore and gain clarity around what's going on for you. I offer flexible sessions, both in person and online, in and around Leighton Buzzard and I also offer a free online intro call, to see whether we are a good fit before you commit. Please take a look at my website for additional information. Thanks.
Hello there. If you’re struggling right now and feel like you need some support, for whatever reason, please reach out. I'm a warm, non-judgemental counsellor (human), who will work at your speed, helping you explore and gain clarity around what's going on for you. I offer flexible sessions, both in person and online, in and around Leighton Buzzard and I also offer a free online intro call, to see whether we are a good fit before you commit. Please take a look at my website for additional information. Thanks.
01727 326067 View 01727 326067
Photo of Deborah Lock, MSc, MNCPS Acc., Counsellor
Deborah Lock
Counsellor, MSc, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Working within the mental health and safeguarding arena’s for many years I have nurtured a genuine fascination for people and their individual stories. I am able to employ this diverse experience to inform my practice as a Psychotherapist. As a Counsellor for Rape Crisis I have significant experience of working with survivors of sexual violence and trauma. Additionally, I have worked with the Police service for 18 years, developing a passion for working individually with emergency services, medical or armed forces personnel to help them process the many sources of trauma they encounter in their working lives.
Working within the mental health and safeguarding arena’s for many years I have nurtured a genuine fascination for people and their individual stories. I am able to employ this diverse experience to inform my practice as a Psychotherapist. As a Counsellor for Rape Crisis I have significant experience of working with survivors of sexual violence and trauma. Additionally, I have worked with the Police service for 18 years, developing a passion for working individually with emergency services, medical or armed forces personnel to help them process the many sources of trauma they encounter in their working lives.
01536 907047 View 01536 907047
Photo of Tom Spacek, MSc, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
Tom Spacek
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
Verified Verified
I am a fully accredited and experienced Cognitive Behavioural Therapist and supervisor. I pride myself in offering a bespoke service providing evidence-based therapy for depression, PTSD, stress, low self-esteem and a range of anxiety disorders (such as panic disorder, OCD, social anxiety, health anxiety, body dysmorphic disorder and phobias). I have a special interest in applying mindfulness based and compassion-focused treatment across a range of psychological disorders.
I am a fully accredited and experienced Cognitive Behavioural Therapist and supervisor. I pride myself in offering a bespoke service providing evidence-based therapy for depression, PTSD, stress, low self-esteem and a range of anxiety disorders (such as panic disorder, OCD, social anxiety, health anxiety, body dysmorphic disorder and phobias). I have a special interest in applying mindfulness based and compassion-focused treatment across a range of psychological disorders.
01525 302717 View 01525 302717
Photo of Dr Heather Sequeira - Dr Heather Sequeira: The OCD & Trauma Specialist , PhD, HCPC - Couns. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Heather Sequeira: The OCD & Trauma Specialist
Psychologist, PhD, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am a consultant psychologist and work specifically with people who have OCD or Trauma or both. In 25 years of specialist practice, I have helped 1000+ people regain their lives. It's not your fault if previous therapy hasn't yet yielded the desired results. Often, this is due to a lack of therapist expertise. I tailor therapy to exactly what is needed for YOUR issues. Therefore, your time & monetary investment is often less with me than with other non-specialist psychologists. I see only a small number of clients at any one time, so I can offer you the highest level of service. I currently hold a waiting list for therapy.
I am a consultant psychologist and work specifically with people who have OCD or Trauma or both. In 25 years of specialist practice, I have helped 1000+ people regain their lives. It's not your fault if previous therapy hasn't yet yielded the desired results. Often, this is due to a lack of therapist expertise. I tailor therapy to exactly what is needed for YOUR issues. Therefore, your time & monetary investment is often less with me than with other non-specialist psychologists. I see only a small number of clients at any one time, so I can offer you the highest level of service. I currently hold a waiting list for therapy.
01296 340137 View 01296 340137
Photo of Dr Jef Jacques, PhD, HCPC-Drama Therap., Psychotherapist
Dr Jef Jacques
Psychotherapist, PhD, HCPC-Drama Therap.
Verified Verified
You may be facing some personal difficulties or struggles that you wish could be resolved. These may be a persistent low mood, a recurrent anxiety, a recent or past traumatic experience, a lack of meaning or direction in life, an anger issue, the loss of a loved one, a relationship breakdown, a feeling of guilt or shame, a difficult life transition, or a more enduring and chronic mental health difficulty. You may want to seek ways of working through these personal challenges, of alleviating their burden, and of leading a more fulfilling life. Or you may be feeling the psychological and physical impact of long term health conditions.
You may be facing some personal difficulties or struggles that you wish could be resolved. These may be a persistent low mood, a recurrent anxiety, a recent or past traumatic experience, a lack of meaning or direction in life, an anger issue, the loss of a loved one, a relationship breakdown, a feeling of guilt or shame, a difficult life transition, or a more enduring and chronic mental health difficulty. You may want to seek ways of working through these personal challenges, of alleviating their burden, and of leading a more fulfilling life. Or you may be feeling the psychological and physical impact of long term health conditions.
01234 866306 View 01234 866306
Photo of Ian Glenister, MBACP, Counsellor
Ian Glenister
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Perhaps you are feeling lost, in a 'strange place' or no longer feel yourself to be the person you once were. You'd like to understand why this is and talk about your difficult feelings with someone who is non-judgmental and who can help you better understand them.
Perhaps you are feeling lost, in a 'strange place' or no longer feel yourself to be the person you once were. You'd like to understand why this is and talk about your difficult feelings with someone who is non-judgmental and who can help you better understand them.
07401 253576 View 07401 253576
Photo of Duni Vincent, MBACP, Counsellor
Duni Vincent
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hi, I’m Duni, also known as Dee, welcome to my counselling page. I'm a qualified counsellor offering one-to-one support to adult clients (18+), all genders, identities and backgrounds are welcome. I am experienced in working with people from all walks of life, gained from working in the public and private sectors, voluntary work, and my own life experience.
Hi, I’m Duni, also known as Dee, welcome to my counselling page. I'm a qualified counsellor offering one-to-one support to adult clients (18+), all genders, identities and backgrounds are welcome. I am experienced in working with people from all walks of life, gained from working in the public and private sectors, voluntary work, and my own life experience.
020 4572 0584 View 020 4572 0584
Photo of Caroline McBride, MBACP Accred, Counsellor
Caroline McBride
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Life can be really difficult at times for all of us and sometimes problems can feel overwhelming. Counselling and Psychotherapy can provide a safe and private space to explore the issues with someone who has enough distance from your life to be along side you whilst you find what it is that you need. I think people come to Counselling when they decide within themselves something in their life needs to change, be that an external change or a change in a way of feeling, I have a decades experience in building meaningful, containing, supportive relationships and can be alongside you whilst you find what it is that you need.
Life can be really difficult at times for all of us and sometimes problems can feel overwhelming. Counselling and Psychotherapy can provide a safe and private space to explore the issues with someone who has enough distance from your life to be along side you whilst you find what it is that you need. I think people come to Counselling when they decide within themselves something in their life needs to change, be that an external change or a change in a way of feeling, I have a decades experience in building meaningful, containing, supportive relationships and can be alongside you whilst you find what it is that you need.
01788 228284 View 01788 228284
Photo of Dr Jessica Blumsom, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Jessica Blumsom
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Online Only
Deciding to enter therapy can be daunting. I value building a sense of safety and trust, without judgement and with compassion. We can work at a pace that feels right for you to help you feel heard, seen and understood. I believe that our therapeutic relationship is the foundation for change. I have extensive experience across child, adolescent and adult services. Our work will be tailored to how you want your therapy experience to be and your goals. I value relational dynamics and getting in touch with emotion as a way to alleviate pain.
Deciding to enter therapy can be daunting. I value building a sense of safety and trust, without judgement and with compassion. We can work at a pace that feels right for you to help you feel heard, seen and understood. I believe that our therapeutic relationship is the foundation for change. I have extensive experience across child, adolescent and adult services. Our work will be tailored to how you want your therapy experience to be and your goals. I value relational dynamics and getting in touch with emotion as a way to alleviate pain.
01234 386601 View 01234 386601
Photo of Jennie Canty - Chiltern Talking Therapies, MSc, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
Chiltern Talking Therapies
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
Verified Verified
Hi, I'm Jennie! I'm a CBT/EMDR Therapist and owner of Chiltern Talking Therapies. My Associates and I offer face to face or virtual CBT, EMDR, Counselling, Schema and Art Psychotherapy sessions and ADHD Assessments. We can support adults and young people with a wide range of difficulties. We are non-judgemental and have a wealth of experience between us, from working with addictions, offenders, children, clients with brain injuries and couples. I pride our team on being non-judgemental and accepting of individuals from a wide range of backgrounds. We all hold DBS checks and indemnity insurance, which you can view at any time.
Hi, I'm Jennie! I'm a CBT/EMDR Therapist and owner of Chiltern Talking Therapies. My Associates and I offer face to face or virtual CBT, EMDR, Counselling, Schema and Art Psychotherapy sessions and ADHD Assessments. We can support adults and young people with a wide range of difficulties. We are non-judgemental and have a wealth of experience between us, from working with addictions, offenders, children, clients with brain injuries and couples. I pride our team on being non-judgemental and accepting of individuals from a wide range of backgrounds. We all hold DBS checks and indemnity insurance, which you can view at any time.
01442 971728 View 01442 971728
Photo of Monika Dedus-Fanthom, MSc, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Monika Dedus-Fanthom
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Verified Verified
I am an integrative psychotherapist with specialisation in couple and sexual therapy. I work with all male and female sexual difficulties as well as couple/relationship difficulties. I also have extensive experience in working with people struggling with mood disorders, depression and anxiety as well as loss and life transitions.
I am an integrative psychotherapist with specialisation in couple and sexual therapy. I work with all male and female sexual difficulties as well as couple/relationship difficulties. I also have extensive experience in working with people struggling with mood disorders, depression and anxiety as well as loss and life transitions.
01234 675753 View 01234 675753
Photo of Stacy Holland, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Stacy Holland
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
I have a heart for those who haven't felt heard or understood and I will treat what you share with the utmost care. I can offer you compassion where maybe you feel you haven't received it before, or maybe you feel like you don't deserve it because that internal voice tells you you are not good enough. I can help you discover the roots of that voice, weakening its influence over you and allowing you to build a new voice that is encouraging and supportive. Everyone deserves to have their voice heard, what you think and how you feel really is important to me.
I have a heart for those who haven't felt heard or understood and I will treat what you share with the utmost care. I can offer you compassion where maybe you feel you haven't received it before, or maybe you feel like you don't deserve it because that internal voice tells you you are not good enough. I can help you discover the roots of that voice, weakening its influence over you and allowing you to build a new voice that is encouraging and supportive. Everyone deserves to have their voice heard, what you think and how you feel really is important to me.
01525 659958 View 01525 659958
Photo of Colin Keith Johnson, ACC-AC, Counsellor
Colin Keith Johnson
Counsellor, ACC-AC
Verified Verified
Life can at times seem overwhelming and if that's true for you then meeting with a caring, supportive counsellor can really help. Maybe you've experienced a loss or there's a trauma from your past which is still disturbing you. Perhaps you're struggling with anxiety, lack of confidence or you just want space to work through your feelings and why you behave in the way you do. You could be someone who doesn’t want to talk in depth about a past event, if so, you could benefit from EMDR therapy where traumatic memories are processed through guided eye movements. Whatever the issue is I am a good listener and want to help if I can.
Life can at times seem overwhelming and if that's true for you then meeting with a caring, supportive counsellor can really help. Maybe you've experienced a loss or there's a trauma from your past which is still disturbing you. Perhaps you're struggling with anxiety, lack of confidence or you just want space to work through your feelings and why you behave in the way you do. You could be someone who doesn’t want to talk in depth about a past event, if so, you could benefit from EMDR therapy where traumatic memories are processed through guided eye movements. Whatever the issue is I am a good listener and want to help if I can.
01525 654779 View 01525 654779
Photo of Lucy Ginger
Lucy Ginger
Verified Verified
Trauma can become locked inside both our mind and body. Past traumatic events can be triggered by many different situations and people that you may encounter. These experiences, if not processed properly in our brains can make living day to day unpleasant, with negative feelings about ourselves, difficulties with anxiety, unexplained fears, avoidance, dissociation and many more distressing experiences. EMDR works to help the brain naturally process the trauma so that it can be left in the past. Please see my website for more details- www.Lucy ginger.co.uk
Trauma can become locked inside both our mind and body. Past traumatic events can be triggered by many different situations and people that you may encounter. These experiences, if not processed properly in our brains can make living day to day unpleasant, with negative feelings about ourselves, difficulties with anxiety, unexplained fears, avoidance, dissociation and many more distressing experiences. EMDR works to help the brain naturally process the trauma so that it can be left in the past. Please see my website for more details- www.Lucy ginger.co.uk
01296 254460 View 01296 254460
1

See more therapy options for MK1

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in MK1

50+

Average cost per session

£60

Counsellors in MK1 who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
88% Depression
83% Relationship Issues
83% Self Esteem
78% Stress
71% Coping Skills
64% Bereavement

Average years in practice

7 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

67% Aviva
67% AXA PPP
58% Vitality

How Counsellors in MK1 see their clients

75% In Person and Online
25% Online Only

Gender breakdown

88% Female
12% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in MK1?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.