Counselling in Manchester

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Photo of Dr Sobia Khan, Counsellor in Manchester, England
Dr Sobia Khan
Counsellor, PhD, MBACP
Verified Verified
Manchester M26
A warm welcome to my profile. I have been in the field of emotional health for over 20 years & have contributed, either through counselling or research, to many people making a positive change in their life. You may be feeling stressed or 'not good enough' in life. Or wanting to make a big life decision or small manageable changes. I use various solution-focussed interventions. Some of my areas of interest are Personal Development & Growth & Change, using a solution-focussed toolkit, Imposter syndrome, Self-esteem & Confidence issues. Through my coaching & counselling skills, I can assist you in this journey of achieving your goal.
A warm welcome to my profile. I have been in the field of emotional health for over 20 years & have contributed, either through counselling or research, to many people making a positive change in their life. You may be feeling stressed or 'not good enough' in life. Or wanting to make a big life decision or small manageable changes. I use various solution-focussed interventions. Some of my areas of interest are Personal Development & Growth & Change, using a solution-focussed toolkit, Imposter syndrome, Self-esteem & Confidence issues. Through my coaching & counselling skills, I can assist you in this journey of achieving your goal.
0161 524 1876 View 0161 524 1876
Photo of Luke Cahill - in-person and online, Counsellor in Manchester, England
Luke Cahill - in-person and online
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Manchester M21
TL;DR I mostly work with people dealing with anxiety, depression, and/or OCD stuff/intrusive thoughts, to better understand what's happening and find ways to improve things. I continue to learn to better support the people I work with, particularly around GSRD and neurodiversity.
TL;DR I mostly work with people dealing with anxiety, depression, and/or OCD stuff/intrusive thoughts, to better understand what's happening and find ways to improve things. I continue to learn to better support the people I work with, particularly around GSRD and neurodiversity.
0161 524 1128 View 0161 524 1128
Photo of Helen Toward, Counsellor in Manchester, England
Helen Toward
Counsellor, MSc, BACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Manchester M20  (Online Only)
Hi I'm Helen, an integrative therapist based in Manchester. I currently work with university students in my full-time role and previously worked for the primary care mental health and wellbeing service. I have worked with individuals from different backgrounds and cultures which is also a great passion of mine. My interests are working with people who have childhood trauma, relationship problems, self-esteem and self-worth issues. My main focus in sessions is to support the person I am working with to feel empowered and achieve the things they want to achieve in therapy. I work in a holistic way and everything is about you!
Hi I'm Helen, an integrative therapist based in Manchester. I currently work with university students in my full-time role and previously worked for the primary care mental health and wellbeing service. I have worked with individuals from different backgrounds and cultures which is also a great passion of mine. My interests are working with people who have childhood trauma, relationship problems, self-esteem and self-worth issues. My main focus in sessions is to support the person I am working with to feel empowered and achieve the things they want to achieve in therapy. I work in a holistic way and everything is about you!
0161 524 9413 View 0161 524 9413
Photo of Kirsty Lucas-Smyth, Psychotherapist in Manchester, England
Kirsty Lucas-Smyth
Psychotherapist, MSc
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Manchester M44  (Online Only)
I am a qualified CBT Psychotherapist, who supports young people and adults who are struggling with mental health difficulties, such as depression and/or anxiety. I can support you to understand your current difficulties, where they may be stemming from, and what may be impacting upon the way you think, feel and behave. We can identify your goals for therapy together, and what 'feeling better' means for you. Whether you prefer to talk things through, or a more active approach, I will tailor therapy to meet your goals.
I am a qualified CBT Psychotherapist, who supports young people and adults who are struggling with mental health difficulties, such as depression and/or anxiety. I can support you to understand your current difficulties, where they may be stemming from, and what may be impacting upon the way you think, feel and behave. We can identify your goals for therapy together, and what 'feeling better' means for you. Whether you prefer to talk things through, or a more active approach, I will tailor therapy to meet your goals.
0161 524 3182 View 0161 524 3182
Photo of Colin David Ogdon, Psychotherapist in Manchester, England
Colin David Ogdon
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Manchester M19
If you're struggling right now, you truly can be helped. Anxiety and depression are extremely common and in a world of pressure many of us are suffering in ways that don't fit a label and often others can't see. You deserve better than that and I built my practice to ensure hope and help is available to anyone.
If you're struggling right now, you truly can be helped. Anxiety and depression are extremely common and in a world of pressure many of us are suffering in ways that don't fit a label and often others can't see. You deserve better than that and I built my practice to ensure hope and help is available to anyone.
0161 694 8751 View 0161 694 8751
Photo of Dr Aspasia Ftenou, Psychologist in Manchester, England
Dr Aspasia Ftenou
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
Manchester M2  (Online Only)
Perhaps you may feel anxious, worried or on edge? Maybe you struggle getting on with daily tasks or not enjoying things as much as you did? Do you have negative memories from the past that impact your life now? Or you may have negative thoughts about yourself which may affect your relationship with others? We may talk about your difficulties and set goals to help you in therapy. In our sessions you will experience acceptance and empathy so as to express your thoughts and feelings in a safe and warm space created by our therapeutic relationship.
Perhaps you may feel anxious, worried or on edge? Maybe you struggle getting on with daily tasks or not enjoying things as much as you did? Do you have negative memories from the past that impact your life now? Or you may have negative thoughts about yourself which may affect your relationship with others? We may talk about your difficulties and set goals to help you in therapy. In our sessions you will experience acceptance and empathy so as to express your thoughts and feelings in a safe and warm space created by our therapeutic relationship.
01707 240830 View 01707 240830
Photo of Emily Hall, Psychotherapist in Manchester, England
Emily Hall
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
Manchester M1  (Online Only)
Deciding to start therapy is a big step for many people and it is important to feel safe and in good hands. Acknowledging this, I have undergone several years of rigorous training at accredited institutes, and have spent over ten years working in clinical, charity and educational settings. Before opening this practice, a large portion of my work took place in schools, including managing several school based therapy services, and providing supervision to trained and trainee therapists. Most recently, I have worked in a specialist NHS service, supporting survivors of acute and historic sexual abuse.
Deciding to start therapy is a big step for many people and it is important to feel safe and in good hands. Acknowledging this, I have undergone several years of rigorous training at accredited institutes, and have spent over ten years working in clinical, charity and educational settings. Before opening this practice, a large portion of my work took place in schools, including managing several school based therapy services, and providing supervision to trained and trainee therapists. Most recently, I have worked in a specialist NHS service, supporting survivors of acute and historic sexual abuse.
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Photo of Rehanah Ahmad, Psychotherapist in Manchester, England
Rehanah Ahmad
Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Manchester M21
I am a psychotherapist with a diploma in person centred counselling and in cognitive behavioral therapy.I provide a safe therapeutic environment in which you can explore and process your experiences. I use an integrative approach which combines person centred with CBT (cognitive behavioral therapy) techniques. My approach is compassionate, & non judgemental. I am here to help you process and move forwards towards where you want to be. I have experience of working one to one and remotely with people on a wide range of issues including Anxiety, depression, loss, relationship issues & self esteem issues, as well as cultural issues.
I am a psychotherapist with a diploma in person centred counselling and in cognitive behavioral therapy.I provide a safe therapeutic environment in which you can explore and process your experiences. I use an integrative approach which combines person centred with CBT (cognitive behavioral therapy) techniques. My approach is compassionate, & non judgemental. I am here to help you process and move forwards towards where you want to be. I have experience of working one to one and remotely with people on a wide range of issues including Anxiety, depression, loss, relationship issues & self esteem issues, as well as cultural issues.
0161 524 1162 View 0161 524 1162
Photo of Yvonne Elizabeth Meidlinger, Psychotherapist in Manchester, England
Yvonne Elizabeth Meidlinger
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Manchester M21
I believe that the therapist and client come together as a team to work through issues that may stand in the way of you reaching your potential. Through my training, I have mainly used Transactional Analysis, but also have some experience working in a solution-focussed way and like to work integratively as each person is an individual who may like to work in a different way. I work with people on a range of issues, but find that I work with people with anxiety or depression most commonly, and pride myself on working hard to make people feel at ease.
I believe that the therapist and client come together as a team to work through issues that may stand in the way of you reaching your potential. Through my training, I have mainly used Transactional Analysis, but also have some experience working in a solution-focussed way and like to work integratively as each person is an individual who may like to work in a different way. I work with people on a range of issues, but find that I work with people with anxiety or depression most commonly, and pride myself on working hard to make people feel at ease.
0161 850 7103 View 0161 850 7103
Photo of Andrea Sarah Lawton, Psychotherapist in Manchester, England
Andrea Sarah Lawton
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Manchester M20
People access therapy for many different reasons, but generally we are most likely to reach out for help when our usual coping strategies are no longer effective. At these times it is not always helpful or possible to turn to family or friends, and their well-meaning support may not always help. I will provide a calm and confidential space where you will be able to safely share what is troubling you.
People access therapy for many different reasons, but generally we are most likely to reach out for help when our usual coping strategies are no longer effective. At these times it is not always helpful or possible to turn to family or friends, and their well-meaning support may not always help. I will provide a calm and confidential space where you will be able to safely share what is troubling you.
0161 524 1915 View 0161 524 1915
Photo of Craig Budzik, Counsellor in Manchester, England
Craig Budzik
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Manchester M1
Counselling and Psychotherapy can be a powerful way to heal through talking. My approach is integrative and brings together different approaches, styles and ideologies. Not just from the Counselling and Psychotherapeutic sphere, but also from the spiritual sphere. I believe that human wellness is multidimensional. No singular event, element or experience of living can truly cause wellness or suffering. It’s a complex interplay between various factors which make up our experience of life.
Counselling and Psychotherapy can be a powerful way to heal through talking. My approach is integrative and brings together different approaches, styles and ideologies. Not just from the Counselling and Psychotherapeutic sphere, but also from the spiritual sphere. I believe that human wellness is multidimensional. No singular event, element or experience of living can truly cause wellness or suffering. It’s a complex interplay between various factors which make up our experience of life.
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Photo of Adele King, Counsellor in Manchester, England
Adele King
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Manchester M21
If you are feeling overwhelmed with anxiety or having stress in your relationships, daily life can seem very hard. Low mood and sadness could leave you feeling lonely or even isolated. Perhaps you find yourself putting on a pretence that everything is okay, when the reality is very different. You might be unclear about what is troubling you. As an experienced counsellor, I provide affordable therapy in a confidential, safe environment, helping you make sense of how you’re feeling. Counselling can also give you practical ways of coping; I will work at your pace during sessions so that you feel truly heard and accepted, not judged.
If you are feeling overwhelmed with anxiety or having stress in your relationships, daily life can seem very hard. Low mood and sadness could leave you feeling lonely or even isolated. Perhaps you find yourself putting on a pretence that everything is okay, when the reality is very different. You might be unclear about what is troubling you. As an experienced counsellor, I provide affordable therapy in a confidential, safe environment, helping you make sense of how you’re feeling. Counselling can also give you practical ways of coping; I will work at your pace during sessions so that you feel truly heard and accepted, not judged.
0161 850 7431 View 0161 850 7431
Photo of Jenny Grand in Manchester, England
Jenny Grand
MA
Verified Verified
Manchester M34
I am not a traditional Counsellor. I am a qualified Life Coach & Therapist working with Adults, Children & Veterans experiencing a range of emotional & behavioural issues such as stress, anxiety, depression, PTSD, fears & Phobias, addictions, lack of confidence, low self esteem, pain relief & bereavement. I have spent most of my working life as a HR Manager in both the Public & Private Sectors. I have seen many employees distressed because of long waits for Counselling/Therapy appointments so this led me to retrain to enable me to bridge the gap and make a difference to peoples' lives. I am fully qualified and fully insured,
I am not a traditional Counsellor. I am a qualified Life Coach & Therapist working with Adults, Children & Veterans experiencing a range of emotional & behavioural issues such as stress, anxiety, depression, PTSD, fears & Phobias, addictions, lack of confidence, low self esteem, pain relief & bereavement. I have spent most of my working life as a HR Manager in both the Public & Private Sectors. I have seen many employees distressed because of long waits for Counselling/Therapy appointments so this led me to retrain to enable me to bridge the gap and make a difference to peoples' lives. I am fully qualified and fully insured,
0161 524 1263 View 0161 524 1263
Photo of Roger Jayamanne, Psychotherapist in Manchester, England
Roger Jayamanne
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Manchester M2
Suffering with our mental health is very hard to find relief from, finding ourselves going around in circles and losing touch with our previous lifestyle, wondering 'am I ever going to find a way out?' I offer you face-to-face sessions in a nurturing, non-judgemental environment . I work as an Integrative therapist so that your sessions are tailored to your needs. I predominantly draw upon Person Centred Therapy, ACT, CBT and Transactional Analysis to address issues such as: anxiety; trauma; depression/lack of motivation; disturbed sleep; performance/productivity, relationships/social interaction; existential angst/lack of meaning
Suffering with our mental health is very hard to find relief from, finding ourselves going around in circles and losing touch with our previous lifestyle, wondering 'am I ever going to find a way out?' I offer you face-to-face sessions in a nurturing, non-judgemental environment . I work as an Integrative therapist so that your sessions are tailored to your needs. I predominantly draw upon Person Centred Therapy, ACT, CBT and Transactional Analysis to address issues such as: anxiety; trauma; depression/lack of motivation; disturbed sleep; performance/productivity, relationships/social interaction; existential angst/lack of meaning
0161 524 4147 View 0161 524 4147
Photo of Cherisse Amusa, Counsellor in Manchester, England
Cherisse Amusa
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Manchester M3  (Online Only)
Welcome I am Cherisse. I provide a safe and compassionate space where healing and growth begin. I am a dynamic therapist and have a varied experiences of working with clients from different backgrounds and a wide range of presenting issues. I currently deliver a low cost therapy clinic for people aged 18-30 from Black, marginalised or minority groups who may be struggling to access or afford therapy. Whilst this is the group I tend to work with mostly, I also work with clients outside of this demographic. I have experience of working in private practice, employee assistance programmes and IAPT services.
Welcome I am Cherisse. I provide a safe and compassionate space where healing and growth begin. I am a dynamic therapist and have a varied experiences of working with clients from different backgrounds and a wide range of presenting issues. I currently deliver a low cost therapy clinic for people aged 18-30 from Black, marginalised or minority groups who may be struggling to access or afford therapy. Whilst this is the group I tend to work with mostly, I also work with clients outside of this demographic. I have experience of working in private practice, employee assistance programmes and IAPT services.
0161 524 1940 View 0161 524 1940
Photo of Diane Judith Adderley, Psychotherapist in Manchester, England
Diane Judith Adderley
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Manchester M25
Not accepting new clients
I am a qualified psychotherapist, life coach, trainer and supervisor, with over 20 years experience in private practice. I work with adults who may be encountering life's stressors to a greater-than-usual degree or may be struggling to find their way forward in a diverse range of circumstances. These may be from personal or professional sources but usually involve our own, perhaps not very helpful, habitual ways of dealing with such difficulties - we all can revert to old habits in times of trouble. I am available to do both short- and long-term work according to need.
I am a qualified psychotherapist, life coach, trainer and supervisor, with over 20 years experience in private practice. I work with adults who may be encountering life's stressors to a greater-than-usual degree or may be struggling to find their way forward in a diverse range of circumstances. These may be from personal or professional sources but usually involve our own, perhaps not very helpful, habitual ways of dealing with such difficulties - we all can revert to old habits in times of trouble. I am available to do both short- and long-term work according to need.
01890 230083 View 01890 230083
Photo of Dan Owens-Cooper, Psychotherapist in Manchester, England
Dan Owens-Cooper
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Manchester M4
So often clients' unhelpful experiences of therapy are attributed to their therapist being "silent", "difficult to connect with" or (at worst) "like a brick wall". The psychologically informed, dedicated and authentic experience I deliver requires me to be active, present and, primarily, something resembling an authentic human being whom I hope you will trust and feel at ease with. You will have the time and space to talk (without awkward silences!) and where desired, I can share with you knowledge/theory acquired from 10 years clinical experience, to help us collaboratively explore, enlighten and enhance your lived experience.
So often clients' unhelpful experiences of therapy are attributed to their therapist being "silent", "difficult to connect with" or (at worst) "like a brick wall". The psychologically informed, dedicated and authentic experience I deliver requires me to be active, present and, primarily, something resembling an authentic human being whom I hope you will trust and feel at ease with. You will have the time and space to talk (without awkward silences!) and where desired, I can share with you knowledge/theory acquired from 10 years clinical experience, to help us collaboratively explore, enlighten and enhance your lived experience.
01707 954051 View 01707 954051
Photo of KLW Counselling, Psychotherapist in Manchester, England
KLW Counselling
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Manchester M20
Life, either current or past, can throw up many challenges and difficulties that could be more manageable with support. Whatever may be troubling you or causing you stress or distress, talking therapy can be an important tool to help explore these issues and navigate a path to peace.
Life, either current or past, can throw up many challenges and difficulties that could be more manageable with support. Whatever may be troubling you or causing you stress or distress, talking therapy can be an important tool to help explore these issues and navigate a path to peace.
0161 524 1300 View 0161 524 1300
Photo of Delphine Renard, Psychologist in Manchester, England
Delphine Renard
Psychologist, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
Manchester M21
Life is not always easy. We can experiment difficulties, stressful events, and distressing or traumatic experiences. This can plunge us into questions, fears, stress, panic, or intense emotional distress and distance us from ourselves, our balance, and our general well-being. Having your own space to be listened to, supported, guided, encouraged, and reassured would allow you (among other things) to take a step back, put meaning and words in order to overcome traumatic experiences, (re)learn to take care of yourself and others gently, find peace of mind.
Life is not always easy. We can experiment difficulties, stressful events, and distressing or traumatic experiences. This can plunge us into questions, fears, stress, panic, or intense emotional distress and distance us from ourselves, our balance, and our general well-being. Having your own space to be listened to, supported, guided, encouraged, and reassured would allow you (among other things) to take a step back, put meaning and words in order to overcome traumatic experiences, (re)learn to take care of yourself and others gently, find peace of mind.
0161 524 2393 View 0161 524 2393
Photo of Rebecca Maxwell, Counsellor in Manchester, England
Rebecca Maxwell
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Manchester M21  (Online Only)
Perhaps you are feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or worried about something that is happening in your life? I offer a safe and nurturing space for you to explore your emotions and experiences, whatever these may be! As everyone is different, with unique ways of exploring how they are thinking and feeling, I offer sessions that reflect this, tailoring them to best support you. I have helped clients of all ages who are dealing with many different life issues, including anxiety, low-mood, self-confidence, and relationship troubles. I have extensive experience in working with neurodiverse clients or people seeking or waiting for diagnoses.
Perhaps you are feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or worried about something that is happening in your life? I offer a safe and nurturing space for you to explore your emotions and experiences, whatever these may be! As everyone is different, with unique ways of exploring how they are thinking and feeling, I offer sessions that reflect this, tailoring them to best support you. I have helped clients of all ages who are dealing with many different life issues, including anxiety, low-mood, self-confidence, and relationship troubles. I have extensive experience in working with neurodiverse clients or people seeking or waiting for diagnoses.
0161 694 8177 View 0161 694 8177

See more therapy options for Manchester

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Manchester

800+

Average cost per session

£60

Counsellors in Manchester who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
87% Depression
85% Self Esteem
81% Stress
78% Relationship Issues
67% Trauma and PTSD
63% Bereavement

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

63% Aviva
58% AXA PPP
46% Vitality

How Counsellors in Manchester see their clients

64% In Person and Online
36% Online Only

Gender breakdown

71% Female
27% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Manchester?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.