Counselling in Newcastle upon Tyne

Photo of Stephanie Radford, Counsellor in Newcastle upon Tyne, England
Stephanie Radford
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Newcastle upon Tyne NE2  (Online Only)
Hi, I'm Stephanie, and I'd like to help you experience a more fulfiIling life. At the moment, there is so much emphasis and pressure on people to achieve and be productive every day, to strive towards visible high standards constantly, to the point of exhaustion. Are you highly critical of yourself? Do you find yourself unable to try new things in case you fail? Do you focus on ways to improve things about yourself that other people can see & validate - your appearance, your body shape, your job, studies and even hobbies? Do you find yourself unable to switch off and relax? Expect things of yourself that you never would of others?
Hi, I'm Stephanie, and I'd like to help you experience a more fulfiIling life. At the moment, there is so much emphasis and pressure on people to achieve and be productive every day, to strive towards visible high standards constantly, to the point of exhaustion. Are you highly critical of yourself? Do you find yourself unable to try new things in case you fail? Do you focus on ways to improve things about yourself that other people can see & validate - your appearance, your body shape, your job, studies and even hobbies? Do you find yourself unable to switch off and relax? Expect things of yourself that you never would of others?
0191 743 0115 View 0191 743 0115
Photo of Rebecca Harrison, Psychotherapist in Newcastle upon Tyne, England
Rebecca Harrison
Psychotherapist, COSRT General
Verified Verified
Newcastle upon Tyne NE13  (Online Only)
Hi, I’m Rebecca, and I’m a sex and relationship therapist. I am a GSRD specialist, and frequently work with non-monogamy, gender, sexuality and kink; as well as psychosexual and relationship therapy. I am also a neurodiversity affirming therapist, which means that you won't be pathologised for who you are or how your brain works in my practice. I help individuals and intimate partners to create relationships with themselves, each other and sex that they want, in a way that is congruent with their identity.
Hi, I’m Rebecca, and I’m a sex and relationship therapist. I am a GSRD specialist, and frequently work with non-monogamy, gender, sexuality and kink; as well as psychosexual and relationship therapy. I am also a neurodiversity affirming therapist, which means that you won't be pathologised for who you are or how your brain works in my practice. I help individuals and intimate partners to create relationships with themselves, each other and sex that they want, in a way that is congruent with their identity.
01661 525160 View 01661 525160
Photo of Relief Counselling, Counsellor in Newcastle upon Tyne, England
Relief Counselling
Counsellor, BACP
Verified Verified
Newcastle upon Tyne NE6
Hello, My name is Billy Signey, MBACP, BA honours. I work in an integrative way offering a safe, confidential environment for my clients, enabling them to understand their feelings and emotions in this ever-changing and demanding world. I have worked with problems such as PTSD, Depression, Abuse, Sexual and Physical, Historical/Childhood issues, Neglect, Anxiety, Panic attacks, Suicidal ideation, Phobias, avoidance, etc. Please text me for a free 10-minute no-obligation chat and I will do my best to find the best way forward for you. I have an extensive list of client testimonials that can be viewed on request.
Hello, My name is Billy Signey, MBACP, BA honours. I work in an integrative way offering a safe, confidential environment for my clients, enabling them to understand their feelings and emotions in this ever-changing and demanding world. I have worked with problems such as PTSD, Depression, Abuse, Sexual and Physical, Historical/Childhood issues, Neglect, Anxiety, Panic attacks, Suicidal ideation, Phobias, avoidance, etc. Please text me for a free 10-minute no-obligation chat and I will do my best to find the best way forward for you. I have an extensive list of client testimonials that can be viewed on request.
0191 743 0523 View 0191 743 0523
Photo of Claire Austin, Counsellor in Newcastle upon Tyne, England
Claire Austin
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Newcastle upon Tyne NE3
I am an experienced Adult Counsellor, who has worked in various sectors over my career, my experience is working with women. I have a depth of experiencing in offering therapeutic space to explore issues arising and work in an integrative, compassion focused way to develop the therapeutic relationship. I work creatively with individual need allowing a range of therapeutic processes to be used. EMDR is a huge part of my practice using creative means to explore 'stuck memories'. Working in a EMDR process helps move memories quickly and focuses on primary target memories.
I am an experienced Adult Counsellor, who has worked in various sectors over my career, my experience is working with women. I have a depth of experiencing in offering therapeutic space to explore issues arising and work in an integrative, compassion focused way to develop the therapeutic relationship. I work creatively with individual need allowing a range of therapeutic processes to be used. EMDR is a huge part of my practice using creative means to explore 'stuck memories'. Working in a EMDR process helps move memories quickly and focuses on primary target memories.
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Photo of Paul Grimmer, Psychotherapist in Newcastle upon Tyne, England
Paul Grimmer
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Verified Verified
Newcastle upon Tyne NE7  (Online Only)
Hi, my name is Paul. I am a psychotherapist with 15 years of experience supporting people who are struggling with emotional and psychological distress. I offer a non-judgemental space to explore your difficulties with curiosity, compassion and sensitivity. I believe deeply that therapy can support healing, growth and recovery from adversity, trauma and distress, helping us to reconnect with feelings of safety in the present.
Hi, my name is Paul. I am a psychotherapist with 15 years of experience supporting people who are struggling with emotional and psychological distress. I offer a non-judgemental space to explore your difficulties with curiosity, compassion and sensitivity. I believe deeply that therapy can support healing, growth and recovery from adversity, trauma and distress, helping us to reconnect with feelings of safety in the present.
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Photo of Paul Gregory Attinello in Newcastle upon Tyne, England
Paul Gregory Attinello
PhD
Verified Verified
Newcastle upon Tyne NE2
I am a Jungian analyst with a particular interest in individuation, dreams, and the artistic imagination.
I am a Jungian analyst with a particular interest in individuation, dreams, and the artistic imagination.
0191 917 4351 View 0191 917 4351
Photo of David Simon, Counsellor in Newcastle upon Tyne, England
David Simon
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Newcastle upon Tyne NE1
Many of my clients decide to work with me because something has changed in their life. The devastation of a loss or bereavement. Relationship difficulties. A decision to be made at a crossroads.
Many of my clients decide to work with me because something has changed in their life. The devastation of a loss or bereavement. Relationship difficulties. A decision to be made at a crossroads.
0191 917 9291 View 0191 917 9291
Photo of Melanie Charnock Psychotherapy and Counselling, Psychotherapist in Newcastle upon Tyne, England
Melanie Charnock Psychotherapy and Counselling
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Newcastle upon Tyne NE6
Asking for help is not always easy, especially when you’re struggling with something that’s very close to you. I understand how daunting that first step of reaching out and contacting a therapist can be, which is why I always strive to provide a safe, friendly and non-judgemental space for therapy sessions. I am committed to working alongside you and through mutual discussions providing you with the strategies and tools that are the best fit for you. I have a special interest in transgenerational influences which can present as childhood trauma, attachment difficulties, anxiety and personality disorders.
Asking for help is not always easy, especially when you’re struggling with something that’s very close to you. I understand how daunting that first step of reaching out and contacting a therapist can be, which is why I always strive to provide a safe, friendly and non-judgemental space for therapy sessions. I am committed to working alongside you and through mutual discussions providing you with the strategies and tools that are the best fit for you. I have a special interest in transgenerational influences which can present as childhood trauma, attachment difficulties, anxiety and personality disorders.
0191 917 9377 View 0191 917 9377
Photo of Dr Natasha Wallace, Psychologist in Newcastle upon Tyne, England
Dr Natasha Wallace
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Newcastle upon Tyne NE12
Are you feeling low, anxious or helpless? Or maybe you just know something just doesn't feel right? Are past events and traumas still troubling you today? Are you confused by your behaviour and your reactions towards yourself and others? I am a Clinical Psychologist and I work with people just like you! I am experienced in supporting people to understand themselves better and to improve their relationships with others, supporting people to heal from the traumas that they have experienced, supporting those who don't feel like they fit anywhere, and those who question their whole lives because of the experiences that they have had.
Are you feeling low, anxious or helpless? Or maybe you just know something just doesn't feel right? Are past events and traumas still troubling you today? Are you confused by your behaviour and your reactions towards yourself and others? I am a Clinical Psychologist and I work with people just like you! I am experienced in supporting people to understand themselves better and to improve their relationships with others, supporting people to heal from the traumas that they have experienced, supporting those who don't feel like they fit anywhere, and those who question their whole lives because of the experiences that they have had.
0191 743 0516 View 0191 743 0516
Photo of Psychology One-to-One, Psychologist in Newcastle upon Tyne, England
Psychology One-to-One
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Newcastle upon Tyne NE3
I am a chartered clinical psychologist and offer prompt, high quality, face-to-face specialist psychological assessment and treatment for adults who are experiencing mental health issues, psychological difficulties, emotional distress and relationship difficulties. I can offer time-limited focused psychological interventions and also longer-term psychological therapy for an extensive range of difficulties. I care deeply about helping people to learn how to alleviate their suffering and bring about change and I provide a safe and comfortable space for this.
I am a chartered clinical psychologist and offer prompt, high quality, face-to-face specialist psychological assessment and treatment for adults who are experiencing mental health issues, psychological difficulties, emotional distress and relationship difficulties. I can offer time-limited focused psychological interventions and also longer-term psychological therapy for an extensive range of difficulties. I care deeply about helping people to learn how to alleviate their suffering and bring about change and I provide a safe and comfortable space for this.
0191 743 9302 View 0191 743 9302
Photo of Dr Jenny Paton, Psychologist in Newcastle upon Tyne, England
Dr Jenny Paton
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Newcastle upon Tyne NE2
Not accepting new clients
I am an experienced Consultant Clinical Psychologist in both the NHS and private practice. My approach is all about helping you to understand and improve your mental health . The sessions will be structured and focused toward understanding why you feel the way you do (your own mental health blueprint), how to recognise unhelpful patterns or triggers in everyday life and successful skills to self regulate. You will be equipped, not only to understand why you feel the way you do, but also how to work toward healthier ways of managing your mental health.
I am an experienced Consultant Clinical Psychologist in both the NHS and private practice. My approach is all about helping you to understand and improve your mental health . The sessions will be structured and focused toward understanding why you feel the way you do (your own mental health blueprint), how to recognise unhelpful patterns or triggers in everyday life and successful skills to self regulate. You will be equipped, not only to understand why you feel the way you do, but also how to work toward healthier ways of managing your mental health.
0191 743 7964 View 0191 743 7964
Photo of Sarah Smith, Psychotherapist in Newcastle upon Tyne, England
Sarah Smith
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Newcastle upon Tyne NE2
Hi, I’m Sarah. My own healing journey led me to become a therapist and yoga teacher. I have experienced the benefits and believe in the process. I understand that it takes courage to reach out and engage in therapy. I have welcomed and supported people of different ages and backgrounds in a variety of settings struggling with anxiety, the effects of trauma, low self esteem and relationships. Do you feel anxious or low? Are you finding it hard to heal from sexual abuse, trauma or grief? Do you struggle with shame, guilt, insecurity or anger? Do you find it hard to regulate your emotions? Are you wanting something to change?
Hi, I’m Sarah. My own healing journey led me to become a therapist and yoga teacher. I have experienced the benefits and believe in the process. I understand that it takes courage to reach out and engage in therapy. I have welcomed and supported people of different ages and backgrounds in a variety of settings struggling with anxiety, the effects of trauma, low self esteem and relationships. Do you feel anxious or low? Are you finding it hard to heal from sexual abuse, trauma or grief? Do you struggle with shame, guilt, insecurity or anger? Do you find it hard to regulate your emotions? Are you wanting something to change?
0191 743 3588 View 0191 743 3588
Photo of Gem Sheinman, Counsellor in Newcastle upon Tyne, England
Gem Sheinman
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Newcastle upon Tyne NE6  (Online Only)
I am a qualified Psychotherapeutic Counsellor who practises person centred and transactional analysis therapy. I am a LGBTQ+ identified therapist, and I specialise in working with Queer people to negotiate relationships, lives and family dynamics. I understand that our intersecting identities impact our lived experience, and I work with you to fully understand your identity so that we can best work together towards a fuller, more authentic and enriching life.
I am a qualified Psychotherapeutic Counsellor who practises person centred and transactional analysis therapy. I am a LGBTQ+ identified therapist, and I specialise in working with Queer people to negotiate relationships, lives and family dynamics. I understand that our intersecting identities impact our lived experience, and I work with you to fully understand your identity so that we can best work together towards a fuller, more authentic and enriching life.
0191 917 4514 View 0191 917 4514
Photo of Tom Walker, Counsellor in Newcastle upon Tyne, England
Tom Walker
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Newcastle upon Tyne NE12
In my counselling practice, I take pride in creating a relaxed, judgment-free environment. There's absolutely no pressure when you're talking with me. I follow an Integrative approach, which means I don't adhere to a one-size-fits-all method. Instead, I tailor my methods to your unique needs and preferences. Your well-being is at the heart of our sessions, and together, we'll navigate the path to self-discovery and healing.
In my counselling practice, I take pride in creating a relaxed, judgment-free environment. There's absolutely no pressure when you're talking with me. I follow an Integrative approach, which means I don't adhere to a one-size-fits-all method. Instead, I tailor my methods to your unique needs and preferences. Your well-being is at the heart of our sessions, and together, we'll navigate the path to self-discovery and healing.
0191 743 6247 View 0191 743 6247
Photo of Kalmer Counselling, Psychotherapist in Newcastle upon Tyne, England
Kalmer Counselling
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Newcastle upon Tyne NE3
The way we live our lives, how we think, feel and behave can have a huge impact upon us. If we feel stuck, negative about life that’s all we notice, see and attract into our lives. Therapy at Kalmer can change your life! By creating a space to explore you, your needs, your life, dreams and desires you can change your mindset and develop feelings of happiness and positivity. This can help to change everything about your life because if you change you everything around you has to change too. If you want a more fulfilling happy life it starts with you. ‘Like attracts like’
The way we live our lives, how we think, feel and behave can have a huge impact upon us. If we feel stuck, negative about life that’s all we notice, see and attract into our lives. Therapy at Kalmer can change your life! By creating a space to explore you, your needs, your life, dreams and desires you can change your mindset and develop feelings of happiness and positivity. This can help to change everything about your life because if you change you everything around you has to change too. If you want a more fulfilling happy life it starts with you. ‘Like attracts like’
0191 743 0491 View 0191 743 0491
Photo of James Knox, Counsellor in Newcastle upon Tyne, England
James Knox
Counsellor, MBABCP
Verified Verified
Newcastle upon Tyne NE2
I can help people struggling with depression and anxiety, worry, PTSD, Phobias, OCD panic attacks and more. I have worked in the NHS and within the charitable sector in omre recent times and am able to create a safe and comfortable environment and relatiosnhip withiin which to explore and strive for change in the areas that you identify.
I can help people struggling with depression and anxiety, worry, PTSD, Phobias, OCD panic attacks and more. I have worked in the NHS and within the charitable sector in omre recent times and am able to create a safe and comfortable environment and relatiosnhip withiin which to explore and strive for change in the areas that you identify.
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Photo of Ruby Ravinder Aujla, Psychotherapist in Newcastle upon Tyne, England
Ruby Ravinder Aujla
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Newcastle upon Tyne NE1
Hello! My name is Ruby. I am a Psychotherapist offering therapy, coaching and supervision to therapists. I have always been interested in learning about people and what brings them meaning in life. I have been lucky enough to learn from so many individuals life stories. I have worked with those who have struggled with self esteem, body image, a sense of self and what they have to offer. As well as individuals who have desired connection but have found themselves repeating painful relationship dynamics. I am passionate about working with individuals and couples and helping them break from painful cycles of repeating these dynamics.
Hello! My name is Ruby. I am a Psychotherapist offering therapy, coaching and supervision to therapists. I have always been interested in learning about people and what brings them meaning in life. I have been lucky enough to learn from so many individuals life stories. I have worked with those who have struggled with self esteem, body image, a sense of self and what they have to offer. As well as individuals who have desired connection but have found themselves repeating painful relationship dynamics. I am passionate about working with individuals and couples and helping them break from painful cycles of repeating these dynamics.
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Photo of Safe Space Psychology - Dr Stephanie Kelly, Psychologist in Newcastle upon Tyne, England
Safe Space Psychology - Dr Stephanie Kelly
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Newcastle upon Tyne NE2
I am a Clinical Psychologist with experience working with clients struggling with relational difficulties, trauma and other emotional and other psychological difficulties such as complex grief, low mood and anxiety. Working with male, female and non-binary clients, my aim is to personalise all therapeutic approaches to each individual client's specific needs. Over the years, I have worked in a wide variety of settings including acute and secure hospitals, community mental health services as well as in custodial settings with experience supporting adults, adolescents and families.
I am a Clinical Psychologist with experience working with clients struggling with relational difficulties, trauma and other emotional and other psychological difficulties such as complex grief, low mood and anxiety. Working with male, female and non-binary clients, my aim is to personalise all therapeutic approaches to each individual client's specific needs. Over the years, I have worked in a wide variety of settings including acute and secure hospitals, community mental health services as well as in custodial settings with experience supporting adults, adolescents and families.
0191 743 0381 View 0191 743 0381
Photo of Laura McGuinness, Psychotherapist in Newcastle upon Tyne, England
Laura McGuinness
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
Newcastle upon Tyne NE2
Waitlist for new clients
I believe that we all have an innate capacity to grow and change, and that sometimes we need to explore our personal stories to get this moving again. As children we make decisions about ourselves based on our environment; sometimes these beliefs and decisions are unkind and can leave us feeling stuck, depressed or not "good enough". Therapy helps to update these beliefs, letting go of what isn't (and may never have been) ours to carry. I have worked extensively with depression, anxiety, trauma and abuse. I currently also practice as a group therapist in an addiction service. I am BACP & UKCP registered.
I believe that we all have an innate capacity to grow and change, and that sometimes we need to explore our personal stories to get this moving again. As children we make decisions about ourselves based on our environment; sometimes these beliefs and decisions are unkind and can leave us feeling stuck, depressed or not "good enough". Therapy helps to update these beliefs, letting go of what isn't (and may never have been) ours to carry. I have worked extensively with depression, anxiety, trauma and abuse. I currently also practice as a group therapist in an addiction service. I am BACP & UKCP registered.
0191 580 4533 View 0191 580 4533
Photo of Susie Warburton Brown, Counsellor in Newcastle upon Tyne, England
Susie Warburton Brown
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Newcastle upon Tyne NE1
Whether you feel depressed, angry, stuck, anxious, fearful, overwhelmed, stressed, ​self-critical, disconnected or numb, I can lovingly support you to ​feel better, get clarity, increase self-acceptance, and empower yourself to heal and grow​. ​Hello, my name is Susie and I live with my husband and two teenage daughters in Newcastle. ​I have developed my deeply healing, compassionate, spiritual and mindful therapy through two decades of personal healing and inner work and over 10 years of empowering hundreds of therapy clients to change and grow.
Whether you feel depressed, angry, stuck, anxious, fearful, overwhelmed, stressed, ​self-critical, disconnected or numb, I can lovingly support you to ​feel better, get clarity, increase self-acceptance, and empower yourself to heal and grow​. ​Hello, my name is Susie and I live with my husband and two teenage daughters in Newcastle. ​I have developed my deeply healing, compassionate, spiritual and mindful therapy through two decades of personal healing and inner work and over 10 years of empowering hundreds of therapy clients to change and grow.
0191 917 9318 View 0191 917 9318

See more therapy options for Newcastle upon Tyne

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Newcastle upon Tyne

100+

Average cost per session

£60

Counsellors in Newcastle upon Tyne who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
87% Self Esteem
86% Stress
81% Relationship Issues
74% Trauma and PTSD
67% Bereavement

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

67% Aviva
61% AXA PPP
61% Bupa

How Counsellors in Newcastle upon Tyne see their clients

74% In Person and Online
26% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
24% Male
1% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Newcastle upon Tyne?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.