Counselling in Wivenhoe

Photo of Louise Lund, Counsellor, MBACP
Louise Lund
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
Do you need someone to listen? Do you feel you’re not heard or seen? Do you feel misunderstood, to blame, angry, sad, anxious, disillusioned? Is family life, work or other relationships getting too much to cope with? Throughout life, we are often left with feelings of low self worth, anger, sadness or may feel powerless. We can become confused about who we are, what we need and where life is taking us. This accumulation over many years blinds us to who we really are and sometimes we need help to find out. I believe I can help you.
Do you need someone to listen? Do you feel you’re not heard or seen? Do you feel misunderstood, to blame, angry, sad, anxious, disillusioned? Is family life, work or other relationships getting too much to cope with? Throughout life, we are often left with feelings of low self worth, anger, sadness or may feel powerless. We can become confused about who we are, what we need and where life is taking us. This accumulation over many years blinds us to who we really are and sometimes we need help to find out. I believe I can help you.
01206 239170 View 01206 239170
Photo of Hannah Lamont - Hannah Grace Counselling, Counsellor, ACC Reg
Hannah Grace Counselling
Counsellor, ACC Reg
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I truly believe in the life-changing benefits of counselling and would encourage everyone to try it. We all need a space where we can process our feelings and thoughts clearly. Have you faced a lifetime of not feeling good enough, and would love to experience a better view of yourself? Facing a relationship breakdown? Suffering from high levels of anxiety? Maybe there is a big change in your life or a painful loss. Have you been trying to bury feelings of shame or hurt from something that happened years ago? Have you experienced a traumatic event or abuse and you just can't get rid of the impact of it, no matter how hard you try?
I truly believe in the life-changing benefits of counselling and would encourage everyone to try it. We all need a space where we can process our feelings and thoughts clearly. Have you faced a lifetime of not feeling good enough, and would love to experience a better view of yourself? Facing a relationship breakdown? Suffering from high levels of anxiety? Maybe there is a big change in your life or a painful loss. Have you been trying to bury feelings of shame or hurt from something that happened years ago? Have you experienced a traumatic event or abuse and you just can't get rid of the impact of it, no matter how hard you try?
01255 444230 View 01255 444230
Photo of Claudia Brooker Loubassa - Light Bubble Counselling, Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Light Bubble Counselling
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Serves Area
Hello, I’m Claudia, a bilingual (English–French) pluralistic counsellor offering a calm, confidential, and supportive professional environment where you can be yourself. I support adults and couples experiencing anxiety, trauma, burnout, emotional distress, or relationship difficulties. My holistic, body–mind approach combines talking therapy with gentle emotional awareness to support meaningful and lasting change. Sessions are tailored to your needs and pace, with kindness, inclusivity, and respect at the heart of my work. I offer sessions in English and French, online across the UK and Europe, and in person in Nottingham area.
Hello, I’m Claudia, a bilingual (English–French) pluralistic counsellor offering a calm, confidential, and supportive professional environment where you can be yourself. I support adults and couples experiencing anxiety, trauma, burnout, emotional distress, or relationship difficulties. My holistic, body–mind approach combines talking therapy with gentle emotional awareness to support meaningful and lasting change. Sessions are tailored to your needs and pace, with kindness, inclusivity, and respect at the heart of my work. I offer sessions in English and French, online across the UK and Europe, and in person in Nottingham area.
01206 239169 View 01206 239169
Photo of Gill Kitchen, Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Gill Kitchen
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Serves Area
When life is a challenge and we feel alone or unsupported, it is my belief that we can all find our 'place of peace'. Sometimes we simply need to connect with the 'right person' for a period of time to re-align our thoughts and feelings. If we can calm our inner self we can give ourselves an opportunity to navigate an alternative pathway to the one that we have found ourselves to be on.
When life is a challenge and we feel alone or unsupported, it is my belief that we can all find our 'place of peace'. Sometimes we simply need to connect with the 'right person' for a period of time to re-align our thoughts and feelings. If we can calm our inner self we can give ourselves an opportunity to navigate an alternative pathway to the one that we have found ourselves to be on.
01206 636401 View 01206 636401

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Michelle Kuzak, Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Michelle Kuzak
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Online Only
For those who are struggling with their eating, weight, shape or appearance, I help and specialise in psychological restoration of those who have eating disorders or disordered eating. As a potential client, you may have high levels of anxiety, perfectionism, OCD, depression and body dysmorphia amongst other issues. You may be very tired with people telling you to eat more, or less. You may notice that your normal level of living is impaired in a variety of ways. You want change but don't know where to start.
For those who are struggling with their eating, weight, shape or appearance, I help and specialise in psychological restoration of those who have eating disorders or disordered eating. As a potential client, you may have high levels of anxiety, perfectionism, OCD, depression and body dysmorphia amongst other issues. You may be very tired with people telling you to eat more, or less. You may notice that your normal level of living is impaired in a variety of ways. You want change but don't know where to start.
01456 494641 View 01456 494641
Photo of Nick Bacon - Chelmsford Talking Therapy, Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Chelmsford Talking Therapy
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
I am the founder of Chelmsford Talking Therapy and an experienced, fully qualified Registered and Accredited Counsellor. Whilst my core approach to counselling is psychodynamic, I am flexible in my practice and always open to exploring client options in line with your own individual needs. My client base is wide ranging. I have extensive experience working with individuals struggling with acute anxiety, depression, panic attacks, bereavement, work related and personal stress, anger problems and difficulties relating to trauma/PTSD. I offer counselling to children, young people, Adults, couples and families, in person and online.
I am the founder of Chelmsford Talking Therapy and an experienced, fully qualified Registered and Accredited Counsellor. Whilst my core approach to counselling is psychodynamic, I am flexible in my practice and always open to exploring client options in line with your own individual needs. My client base is wide ranging. I have extensive experience working with individuals struggling with acute anxiety, depression, panic attacks, bereavement, work related and personal stress, anger problems and difficulties relating to trauma/PTSD. I offer counselling to children, young people, Adults, couples and families, in person and online.
01245 945308 View 01245 945308
Photo of Daniella Delmonte, Counsellor, MBACP
Daniella Delmonte
Counsellor, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Life can bring many pressures from many angles. I believe a non judgmental, confidential and safe space can provide a well needed understanding and comfort for many people to just be. Exploring issues at your own pace while working together to find solutions and clarity on your therapeutic journey. I am an integrative counsellor working with different techniques. As no two people are the same, I work with the individual to tailor a bespoke therapy that suits the client's journey through the issues they are bringing.
Life can bring many pressures from many angles. I believe a non judgmental, confidential and safe space can provide a well needed understanding and comfort for many people to just be. Exploring issues at your own pace while working together to find solutions and clarity on your therapeutic journey. I am an integrative counsellor working with different techniques. As no two people are the same, I work with the individual to tailor a bespoke therapy that suits the client's journey through the issues they are bringing.
01440 844869 View 01440 844869
Photo of Jimi Katsis, Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Jimi Katsis
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Online Only
You're holding everything together — work, relationships, responsibilities — and doing it well enough that nobody would guess the effort it actually takes. But privately something won't shift. The anxiety that appears for no obvious reason. The relationships that follow the same exhausting patterns. The flatness that success hasn't touched. You've probably tried to address it. Got some tools, felt better for a while. But something underneath keeps reasserting itself — and you're right that it does. I've spent 30 years helping people understand what's actually driving their experience, not just manage the symptoms.
You're holding everything together — work, relationships, responsibilities — and doing it well enough that nobody would guess the effort it actually takes. But privately something won't shift. The anxiety that appears for no obvious reason. The relationships that follow the same exhausting patterns. The flatness that success hasn't touched. You've probably tried to address it. Got some tools, felt better for a while. But something underneath keeps reasserting itself — and you're right that it does. I've spent 30 years helping people understand what's actually driving their experience, not just manage the symptoms.
0117 463 6831 View 0117 463 6831
Photo of Nicola Annette Perry, Counsellor, MBACP
Nicola Annette Perry
Counsellor, MBACP
1 Endorsed
As a counsellor, I provide a safe and confidential environment, where emotions, thoughts, and reactions can be explored. We look at the benefits of change and improved communication. I work with several presenting issues. I specialise in supporting those who wish to rebuild significant relationships. Our relationships are fundamental in how we see ourselves. My initial training was in psychodynamic counselling, working with young people and adults. In recognising how relationships impact on our thoughts, personality, and behaviour, led me to further my studies in Systemic Therapy, working with Relate and Tavistock Relationships.
As a counsellor, I provide a safe and confidential environment, where emotions, thoughts, and reactions can be explored. We look at the benefits of change and improved communication. I work with several presenting issues. I specialise in supporting those who wish to rebuild significant relationships. Our relationships are fundamental in how we see ourselves. My initial training was in psychodynamic counselling, working with young people and adults. In recognising how relationships impact on our thoughts, personality, and behaviour, led me to further my studies in Systemic Therapy, working with Relate and Tavistock Relationships.
01245 945282 View 01245 945282
Photo of Dr Remy Hayes, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Remy Hayes
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Online Only
I have worked in multiple specialist services in the NHS, which has led to my developing an integrative way of working (bringing the strengths of different psychological and therapeutic approaches together). This means I match approaches and techniques to each individual person and the scientific evidence-base for their effectiveness.
I have worked in multiple specialist services in the NHS, which has led to my developing an integrative way of working (bringing the strengths of different psychological and therapeutic approaches together). This means I match approaches and techniques to each individual person and the scientific evidence-base for their effectiveness.
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Photo of Jason Lugg - mysearchforself Counselling, Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
mysearchforself Counselling
Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
I am passionate in helping people find a happier way of being with greater fulfilment in their life. Whatever is causing you difficulty, I believe that things can be different for you. You may feel any mix of feelings that impact your life and relationships negatively. Any are valid and, I feel, are a communication to what may be going on within. I offer compassion and understanding without any judgement in a space in which we can truly get to know what is difficult. In this space we can gently explore anything that troubles you so that we may work through any issues together, no matter how big or small you feel it is.
I am passionate in helping people find a happier way of being with greater fulfilment in their life. Whatever is causing you difficulty, I believe that things can be different for you. You may feel any mix of feelings that impact your life and relationships negatively. Any are valid and, I feel, are a communication to what may be going on within. I offer compassion and understanding without any judgement in a space in which we can truly get to know what is difficult. In this space we can gently explore anything that troubles you so that we may work through any issues together, no matter how big or small you feel it is.
07380 328713 View 07380 328713
Photo of Alex Grove - Alex Grove, iPeak Psychology, Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Alex Grove, iPeak Psychology
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
1 Endorsed
My work is dedicated to helping individuals understand how their past experiences and unconscious thoughts powerfully shape their present-day emotions, behaviours, and relationship patterns. We are often influenced by feelings and motivations outside of our immediate awareness, which can lead to recurring difficulties, emotional distress, and a sense of being stuck.
My work is dedicated to helping individuals understand how their past experiences and unconscious thoughts powerfully shape their present-day emotions, behaviours, and relationship patterns. We are often influenced by feelings and motivations outside of our immediate awareness, which can lead to recurring difficulties, emotional distress, and a sense of being stuck.
020 3835 5136 View 020 3835 5136
Photo of Tamsin Cullen, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP Accred
Tamsin Cullen
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP Accred
I use an integrative approach as I do not believe one style fits all. This means I will suggest utilising the most appropriate approach according to individual needs and wants. The main approaches I work with, but not limited to, are EMDR & CBT. My 'Intensives' offer the depth of long-term work in a condensed format, allowing space for insight, emotional processing, and lasting change; working in half/ full day or week blocks- for people who prefer taking time out to focus on accelerated change without the delay of years of weekly sessions (this isn't appropriate for every body and is on an individual basis).
I use an integrative approach as I do not believe one style fits all. This means I will suggest utilising the most appropriate approach according to individual needs and wants. The main approaches I work with, but not limited to, are EMDR & CBT. My 'Intensives' offer the depth of long-term work in a condensed format, allowing space for insight, emotional processing, and lasting change; working in half/ full day or week blocks- for people who prefer taking time out to focus on accelerated change without the delay of years of weekly sessions (this isn't appropriate for every body and is on an individual basis).
01245 673651 View 01245 673651
Photo of Lauren Bowen, Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Lauren Bowen
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Searching for a space where you can slow down and feel deeply understood? I’m a Person-Centred Counsellor and psychotherapist offering a space for you to explore life’s challenges at your own pace, supporting you to reconnect with yourself and listen to your own needs. Online sessions available across the whole of England and face to face sessions based in Colchester.
Searching for a space where you can slow down and feel deeply understood? I’m a Person-Centred Counsellor and psychotherapist offering a space for you to explore life’s challenges at your own pace, supporting you to reconnect with yourself and listen to your own needs. Online sessions available across the whole of England and face to face sessions based in Colchester.
01206 586095 View 01206 586095
Photo of Adrian I Martiniuc - Your Psychotherapist, Psychologist, PsychD, CPsychol
Your Psychotherapist
Psychologist, PsychD, CPsychol
Online Only
Do you ever feel worried, stuck, lost, hopeless, lonely, lethargic, anxious, unable to sleep – less able to cope with life? Does this affect your ability to enjoy relationships, work, everyday life? Most of us experience challenging times at various stages of our lives but we don’t have to be alone with this. Psychological therapy offers a safe place that helps you to understand and overcome your issues. I will work with you as a team to understand symptoms, underlying issues, their causes and maintenance specific to you. We will find ways forward to relieving symptoms and distress and improving your wellbeing.
Do you ever feel worried, stuck, lost, hopeless, lonely, lethargic, anxious, unable to sleep – less able to cope with life? Does this affect your ability to enjoy relationships, work, everyday life? Most of us experience challenging times at various stages of our lives but we don’t have to be alone with this. Psychological therapy offers a safe place that helps you to understand and overcome your issues. I will work with you as a team to understand symptoms, underlying issues, their causes and maintenance specific to you. We will find ways forward to relieving symptoms and distress and improving your wellbeing.
020 8103 3863 View 020 8103 3863
Photo of Carl Argent, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Carl Argent
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
1 Endorsed
Hi, I’m Carl. I am an integrative counsellor, which means I draw on different therapeutic approaches depending on your needs. My work is grounded in person-centred therapy, so sessions focus on your experience and what feels most important to you. You might be seeking individual counselling (17+), or relationship counselling (partners, couples and families). I commonly work with anxiety, stress, depression, grief, imposter syndrome and relationship problems. Clients also come with life transitions, compulsive behaviours such as porn addiction, doom-scrolling or avoidance, or a desire to understand themselves or each other better.
Hi, I’m Carl. I am an integrative counsellor, which means I draw on different therapeutic approaches depending on your needs. My work is grounded in person-centred therapy, so sessions focus on your experience and what feels most important to you. You might be seeking individual counselling (17+), or relationship counselling (partners, couples and families). I commonly work with anxiety, stress, depression, grief, imposter syndrome and relationship problems. Clients also come with life transitions, compulsive behaviours such as porn addiction, doom-scrolling or avoidance, or a desire to understand themselves or each other better.
01702 655097 View 01702 655097
Photo of Biana Gale, Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
Biana Gale
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
Serves Area
Our life experiences make us the individuals we are but sometimes with unwanted side effects. Taking a non-judgemental approach I work with clients to help identify these negative thoughts, feelings, behaviours or even physical reactions to find positive ways to manage and overcome them. You may be anxious, feeling depressed or perhaps developing some unhelpful coping methods such as avoidance, isolating yourself or not doing the things you used to enjoy or that gave you a sense of purpose. The thought of overcoming these issues can feel daunting – you may feel hopeless and alone – but it doesn’t have to be that way.
Our life experiences make us the individuals we are but sometimes with unwanted side effects. Taking a non-judgemental approach I work with clients to help identify these negative thoughts, feelings, behaviours or even physical reactions to find positive ways to manage and overcome them. You may be anxious, feeling depressed or perhaps developing some unhelpful coping methods such as avoidance, isolating yourself or not doing the things you used to enjoy or that gave you a sense of purpose. The thought of overcoming these issues can feel daunting – you may feel hopeless and alone – but it doesn’t have to be that way.
01234 386249 View 01234 386249
Photo of Angela Cope, Counsellor, MBACP
Angela Cope
Counsellor, MBACP
I am an experienced and fully qualified Couples Counsellor, Integrative Counsellor/Psychotherapist with a background in both Person-centred Humanistic counselling and an Advanced Diploma in Psychodynamic counselling. I am a fully qualified Relate counsellor having 1500+ hours experience. I have experience in my practice using Transactional Analysis, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Systemic family Counselling using genograms, Solution Focused Therapy and Motivational Interviewing.
I am an experienced and fully qualified Couples Counsellor, Integrative Counsellor/Psychotherapist with a background in both Person-centred Humanistic counselling and an Advanced Diploma in Psychodynamic counselling. I am a fully qualified Relate counsellor having 1500+ hours experience. I have experience in my practice using Transactional Analysis, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Systemic family Counselling using genograms, Solution Focused Therapy and Motivational Interviewing.
01702 904804 View 01702 904804
Photo of Joshua Samuel Royle, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Joshua Samuel Royle
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Sudbury CO10
Hello, my name is Joshua, I am a psychotherapist and counsellor based in Sudbury, Suffolk. I have experience working with a range of diverse clients with a variety of complex needs ranging from Trauma, Childhood Trauma, Anxiety, Depression, Loss & Bereavement, amongst many other areas. I believe all individuals deserve an empathic, healing & gentle therapeutic relationship where all concerns can be addressed within a safe space. I can offer a variety of platforms in terms of facilitating Counselling & Psychotherapy including: In Person, Online, telephone and via home visits if required.
Hello, my name is Joshua, I am a psychotherapist and counsellor based in Sudbury, Suffolk. I have experience working with a range of diverse clients with a variety of complex needs ranging from Trauma, Childhood Trauma, Anxiety, Depression, Loss & Bereavement, amongst many other areas. I believe all individuals deserve an empathic, healing & gentle therapeutic relationship where all concerns can be addressed within a safe space. I can offer a variety of platforms in terms of facilitating Counselling & Psychotherapy including: In Person, Online, telephone and via home visits if required.
01787 322385 View 01787 322385
Photo of Claire Mackintosh - Open Minds CBT & Counselling service , MSc
Are you experiencing constant, low level anxiety? Have you always been a 'worrier'? Do you ask yourself constant 'what if' questions? Are you someone who seeks out certainty? Is this making you feel overwhelmed, tired and demoralised? I like to work in a target focussed way, meaning at the beginning of treatment we will decide what you want to achieve from therapy and collaboratively work towards your goals; whether this is through the modality of CBT or counselling, we can be clear about what you wish to achieve from our time working together. Please note: I only work with young people age 14+
Are you experiencing constant, low level anxiety? Have you always been a 'worrier'? Do you ask yourself constant 'what if' questions? Are you someone who seeks out certainty? Is this making you feel overwhelmed, tired and demoralised? I like to work in a target focussed way, meaning at the beginning of treatment we will decide what you want to achieve from therapy and collaboratively work towards your goals; whether this is through the modality of CBT or counselling, we can be clear about what you wish to achieve from our time working together. Please note: I only work with young people age 14+
01359 307892 View 01359 307892

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Wivenhoe

< 10

Counsellors in Wivenhoe who prioritize treating:

100% Anxiety
100% Trauma and PTSD
100% Sexual Abuse
75% Relationship Issues
75% Domestic Abuse
75% Depression
75% Bereavement

Average years in practice

15 Years

Gender breakdown

100% Female

How Counsellors in Wivenhoe see their clients

100% In Person and Online
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Wivenhoe?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.