Counselling in Topsham

Photo of Gavin Weir-Jones, MA, PNCPS Acc., Psychotherapist
Gavin Weir-Jones
Psychotherapist, MA, PNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Topsham EX3
My work deals universally with the reduction of suffering, your suffering. Specifically this may include Depression, Anxiety, Low Mood, Loss of purpose, Grief, Relationship issues, managing change and family problems. Often we can be lost in our thinking and we can swing, like a pendulum, between worries of the past and anxieties of the future, never really pausing to be present now. This is normal, we all have these times. However sometimes, some of us get stuck in these places and need some guidance to bring us into balance and offer us support,at difficult times in our lives.
My work deals universally with the reduction of suffering, your suffering. Specifically this may include Depression, Anxiety, Low Mood, Loss of purpose, Grief, Relationship issues, managing change and family problems. Often we can be lost in our thinking and we can swing, like a pendulum, between worries of the past and anxieties of the future, never really pausing to be present now. This is normal, we all have these times. However sometimes, some of us get stuck in these places and need some guidance to bring us into balance and offer us support,at difficult times in our lives.
01392 531589 View 01392 531589
Photo of Kelly Mcgurk, DCounsPsych, MBACP, Counsellor
Kelly Mcgurk
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Verified Verified
Topsham EX3
I offer you a confidential space where you can be heard in a non judgmental manner. Together we will explore your history, thoughts, feelings and worries at a pace that suits you. I will help to support you by firstly listening, then coming together in a relational and collaborative way to help manage the impacts of what brings you into the therapeutic space. Therapy doesn't have to a deep dive, or it can be. What is important is that you gain the tools needed to help support you, and your future.
I offer you a confidential space where you can be heard in a non judgmental manner. Together we will explore your history, thoughts, feelings and worries at a pace that suits you. I will help to support you by firstly listening, then coming together in a relational and collaborative way to help manage the impacts of what brings you into the therapeutic space. Therapy doesn't have to a deep dive, or it can be. What is important is that you gain the tools needed to help support you, and your future.
01392 321803 View 01392 321803
Photo of Philippa Joy Goddard, MBACP, Counsellor
Philippa Joy Goddard
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Topsham EX3
I believe that life is a gift; yet, at times, it can feel quite the opposite. Sometimes, we can feel overwhelmed by our difficulties. ​Often, a trained, non-judgmental and objective ear can help order one's thoughts, challenge ingrained patterns of behaviour, and manage emotions. 
I believe that life is a gift; yet, at times, it can feel quite the opposite. Sometimes, we can feel overwhelmed by our difficulties. ​Often, a trained, non-judgmental and objective ear can help order one's thoughts, challenge ingrained patterns of behaviour, and manage emotions. 
01572 498987 View 01572 498987
Photo of Rachael Walker, MBACP, Counsellor
Rachael Walker
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
Hello, I'm Rachael. I provide a safe, secure place, where you will be able to talk about your thoughts and feelings in confidence, without the fear of being judged. I know the thought of having counselling can be daunting, but I will help you to feel comfortable and relaxed. All my clients and their issues are extremely important to me, so there is no such thing as a client or an issue being ‘unimportant,’ or a problem being too ‘minor’. The sessions are all about you...
Hello, I'm Rachael. I provide a safe, secure place, where you will be able to talk about your thoughts and feelings in confidence, without the fear of being judged. I know the thought of having counselling can be daunting, but I will help you to feel comfortable and relaxed. All my clients and their issues are extremely important to me, so there is no such thing as a client or an issue being ‘unimportant,’ or a problem being too ‘minor’. The sessions are all about you...
01392 690516 View 01392 690516
Photo of Jenny Marshall - Jenny Marshall, PNCPS Acc., Counsellor
Jenny Marshall
Counsellor, PNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Hi I’m Jen. I am an intergrative counsellor, with specific specialist professional experience in eating disorders, gender identity, neurodiversity and carers.
Hi I’m Jen. I am an intergrative counsellor, with specific specialist professional experience in eating disorders, gender identity, neurodiversity and carers.
01392 321998 View 01392 321998
Photo of Pauline Earle - Between You and Me Integrative Therapy, MBACP Snr. Accred, Psychotherapist
Between You and Me Integrative Therapy
Psychotherapist, MBACP Snr. Accred
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Reaching out can be hard. Are you feeling overwhelmed? struggling to cope with your situation? your emotions? your experiences? If your trust has been damaged, talking to someone who will take time to understand you can be a huge relief. Perhaps you need support through a crisis or you are at the end of your tether with multiple stresses. Even if you have longterm issues that seem stuck, talking to someone can make a difference. You may gain insight into the roots of your difficulties and find qualities in yourself that have never had a chance to develop. The aim is to help you live a more rewarding life.
Reaching out can be hard. Are you feeling overwhelmed? struggling to cope with your situation? your emotions? your experiences? If your trust has been damaged, talking to someone who will take time to understand you can be a huge relief. Perhaps you need support through a crisis or you are at the end of your tether with multiple stresses. Even if you have longterm issues that seem stuck, talking to someone can make a difference. You may gain insight into the roots of your difficulties and find qualities in yourself that have never had a chance to develop. The aim is to help you live a more rewarding life.
01392 549093 View 01392 549093
Photo of Kat Cuthbert - Kat Cuthbert: Trauma & Anxiety Therapist, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
Kat Cuthbert: Trauma & Anxiety Therapist
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Online Only
I truly believe that making the first step to access therapy can be the hardest one to take, it can feel overwhelming and vulnerable. Do you struggle with re-playing traumatic life experiences? Battle with low mood? Feel anxious and on edge? Do these problems impact on your life in many ways? Do you want to make positive changes to feel better? If you have answered yes to these, I can help! I am trained and experienced in supporting people who are suffering with low mood, anxiety, phobias and trauma. Together we can work towards achieving positive mental health and recovery from mental pain, which you deserve.
I truly believe that making the first step to access therapy can be the hardest one to take, it can feel overwhelming and vulnerable. Do you struggle with re-playing traumatic life experiences? Battle with low mood? Feel anxious and on edge? Do these problems impact on your life in many ways? Do you want to make positive changes to feel better? If you have answered yes to these, I can help! I am trained and experienced in supporting people who are suffering with low mood, anxiety, phobias and trauma. Together we can work towards achieving positive mental health and recovery from mental pain, which you deserve.
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Photo of Rowena Jane Hillier, MBACP, Counsellor
Rowena Jane Hillier
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Serves Area
My work is undertaken within a spiritual framework. I am able to offer a safe place where you can be heard, thus enabling you to look at issues, feelings and emotions. I will give you the support and clarity you require to empower you to make the changes in your life you feel you’d like to make. I am able to work in a creative way this can often help when you feel that word are just not enough to express what you are feeling. I am able to work not only with the problem on top but also with any underlying problem or pattern of behavior you may wish to change.
My work is undertaken within a spiritual framework. I am able to offer a safe place where you can be heard, thus enabling you to look at issues, feelings and emotions. I will give you the support and clarity you require to empower you to make the changes in your life you feel you’d like to make. I am able to work in a creative way this can often help when you feel that word are just not enough to express what you are feeling. I am able to work not only with the problem on top but also with any underlying problem or pattern of behavior you may wish to change.
01278 557656 View 01278 557656
Photo of Dr Emilie Moorhead - This Is Me Psychology, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
This Is Me Psychology
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Serves Area
This Is Me Psychology supports people to recognise, understand and embrace Autism. We work with both Autistic people and their family members to bridge the gap between Neurodivergent people and those who are Neurotypical by helping them to gain the best possible understanding of each other. We use a neuro-affirming approach in our work to help focus on the strengths and achievements that someone has. We offer both short term post-diagnostic support packages and longer term psychology sessions.
This Is Me Psychology supports people to recognise, understand and embrace Autism. We work with both Autistic people and their family members to bridge the gap between Neurodivergent people and those who are Neurotypical by helping them to gain the best possible understanding of each other. We use a neuro-affirming approach in our work to help focus on the strengths and achievements that someone has. We offer both short term post-diagnostic support packages and longer term psychology sessions.
01626 247644 View 01626 247644
Photo of Katherine dayman, DCounsPsych, BACP, Counsellor
Katherine dayman
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, BACP
Verified Verified
Serves Area
I am a down to earth, straight talking counsellor and supervisor, with many years experience working with bereavement, loss and trauma. I offer both short term, goal focussed work, as well as longer term therapy, depending on your needs. I have a keen interest in working with those who are neurodiverse, as well as supporting those who live with someone who is neurodiverse. As a supervisor, I will work collaboratively with you to explore all aspects of working as a practitioner to support your continuing, ongoing development.
I am a down to earth, straight talking counsellor and supervisor, with many years experience working with bereavement, loss and trauma. I offer both short term, goal focussed work, as well as longer term therapy, depending on your needs. I have a keen interest in working with those who are neurodiverse, as well as supporting those who live with someone who is neurodiverse. As a supervisor, I will work collaboratively with you to explore all aspects of working as a practitioner to support your continuing, ongoing development.
01392 321846 View 01392 321846
Photo of Hayley Allen, MBACP, Counsellor
Hayley Allen
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Hi, I'm Hayley, I specialise in working with bereavement (including complex grief and traumatic loss) and I have a passion and experience in supporting individuals with eating disorders and disordered eating. I also have experience working with individuals with autism. I can also help you feel empowered and supported as you navigate your journey with issues such as body image, bullying, emotional regulation, family difficulties, friendship issues, lack of confidence, loneliness, low self-esteem, military family issues, OCD, self-harm, suicide, and trauma. Counselling can be brief or extended based on your personal needs.
Hi, I'm Hayley, I specialise in working with bereavement (including complex grief and traumatic loss) and I have a passion and experience in supporting individuals with eating disorders and disordered eating. I also have experience working with individuals with autism. I can also help you feel empowered and supported as you navigate your journey with issues such as body image, bullying, emotional regulation, family difficulties, friendship issues, lack of confidence, loneliness, low self-esteem, military family issues, OCD, self-harm, suicide, and trauma. Counselling can be brief or extended based on your personal needs.
01392 321928 View 01392 321928
Photo of Anne-Marie Lorenzo, MNCPS Acc., Counsellor
Anne-Marie Lorenzo
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Hi! Welcome to Embark Exeter - Canine Assisted Therapy. You've made a huge leap towards investigating what's troubling you, just by being here and reading this. I see my job as helping you to "unpack" and explore your past and present, and look to the future. I can promise you that I won't judge you, and will treat you with care, sensitivity, compassion and honesty. I have a wealth of lived experiences that have brought me to where I am today, and I am passionate about the empowerment, healing and personal growth that the counselling relationship can bring.
Hi! Welcome to Embark Exeter - Canine Assisted Therapy. You've made a huge leap towards investigating what's troubling you, just by being here and reading this. I see my job as helping you to "unpack" and explore your past and present, and look to the future. I can promise you that I won't judge you, and will treat you with care, sensitivity, compassion and honesty. I have a wealth of lived experiences that have brought me to where I am today, and I am passionate about the empowerment, healing and personal growth that the counselling relationship can bring.
01392 321719 View 01392 321719
Photo of Sharon Letten - Sharon Letten (Psychotherapist & Supervisor), MBACP Accred, Counsellor
Sharon Letten (Psychotherapist & Supervisor)
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Through my lived experience & training (ADHD, trauma, loss, menopause & attachment issues), I understand how difficult it is to reach out. I use a relational approach - helping to meet your individual & couple needs. I will work alongside you, helping you to navigate your way through life's challenges. Perhaps you just want to talk in a safe environment or need support to make changes? I work holistically with adults, teens & couples in a caring and non-judgmental way, covering a range of issues which can significantly impact on our relationships with ourselves and others. I also offer supervision.
Through my lived experience & training (ADHD, trauma, loss, menopause & attachment issues), I understand how difficult it is to reach out. I use a relational approach - helping to meet your individual & couple needs. I will work alongside you, helping you to navigate your way through life's challenges. Perhaps you just want to talk in a safe environment or need support to make changes? I work holistically with adults, teens & couples in a caring and non-judgmental way, covering a range of issues which can significantly impact on our relationships with ourselves and others. I also offer supervision.
01392 321450 View 01392 321450
Photo of Judy Gibbons, MBACP, Counsellor
Judy Gibbons
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Serves Area
I am a qualified and experienced Integrative counsellor and Internal Family Systems therapist, working with adults across a wide range of life's challenges in the Exeter area and on-line. I hope to encourage self-acceptance as a good enough person, quietening the inner critic & bringing self-compassion to the relationship you have with yourself & transforming your relationship with others. Together, we can explore the feelings, thoughts & relational patterns that have been causing you distress. I can support you to gain a deeper understanding of the effects of past experiences & how these may impact your struggles in the present.
I am a qualified and experienced Integrative counsellor and Internal Family Systems therapist, working with adults across a wide range of life's challenges in the Exeter area and on-line. I hope to encourage self-acceptance as a good enough person, quietening the inner critic & bringing self-compassion to the relationship you have with yourself & transforming your relationship with others. Together, we can explore the feelings, thoughts & relational patterns that have been causing you distress. I can support you to gain a deeper understanding of the effects of past experiences & how these may impact your struggles in the present.
01392 549067 View 01392 549067
Photo of Kate Haskell, MNCPS Acc., Counsellor
Kate Haskell
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Serves Area
"Having space to talk about how I feel is a waste of time"... said: No one ever! Counselling is all it is cracked up to be. Maybe you want to talk to someone but feel unable to share with family or friends. Perhaps you want to make sense of the feelings you are experiencing. People start to heal when they feel truly heard and, by talking things over with a qualified and professional counsellor, it could help you heal from past trauma. You talk, I listen and together we find a new way of being.
"Having space to talk about how I feel is a waste of time"... said: No one ever! Counselling is all it is cracked up to be. Maybe you want to talk to someone but feel unable to share with family or friends. Perhaps you want to make sense of the feelings you are experiencing. People start to heal when they feel truly heard and, by talking things over with a qualified and professional counsellor, it could help you heal from past trauma. You talk, I listen and together we find a new way of being.
01392 321635 View 01392 321635
Photo of Catherine Roguski, MA, MBACP, Counsellor
Catherine Roguski
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Serves Area
I work ONLINE and Face-to-Face in Topsham. I have over 40 years experience working effectively in private practice as an integrative holistic healthcare practitioner and previously as a nurse in both the NHS and private healthcare specialising in women’s health. My psychotherapeutic counselling practice draws upon several humanistic, psychodynamic and solution focused approaches incorporating the very best techniques including creative ways of working to best fit your needs. I have a lot of life experience both personally and professionally. I am a good listener. I am not easily shocked.
I work ONLINE and Face-to-Face in Topsham. I have over 40 years experience working effectively in private practice as an integrative holistic healthcare practitioner and previously as a nurse in both the NHS and private healthcare specialising in women’s health. My psychotherapeutic counselling practice draws upon several humanistic, psychodynamic and solution focused approaches incorporating the very best techniques including creative ways of working to best fit your needs. I have a lot of life experience both personally and professionally. I am a good listener. I am not easily shocked.
01392 549042 View 01392 549042

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Yvonne Beechfield, MBACP, Counsellor
Yvonne Beechfield
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Life will sometimes take us down paths we havn't asked for, causing us to loose sense of our true self, dulling our energy and bringing uncertainty in how we choose to live. Talking does help. It gives you the chance to bring all your concerns and worries into a safe space where I can help you sort through each of them. With careful exploration we can identify what you might like to change and how to make the change. Life will feel easier and lighter as you start to gain control over how you choose to live it.
Life will sometimes take us down paths we havn't asked for, causing us to loose sense of our true self, dulling our energy and bringing uncertainty in how we choose to live. Talking does help. It gives you the chance to bring all your concerns and worries into a safe space where I can help you sort through each of them. With careful exploration we can identify what you might like to change and how to make the change. Life will feel easier and lighter as you start to gain control over how you choose to live it.
01752 968333 View 01752 968333
Photo of Claire Annette Williams, MBACP, Counsellor
Claire Annette Williams
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Exeter EX1
I am an experienced, registered MBACP counsellor, and supervisor, based in Exeter, working with adults, young people and children. I work with a wide range of issues, including anxiety, depression, self-harm, bereavement and loss, and trauma. I offer a warm, safe, confidential and non-judgemental space for you to explore difficulties or problems from your past or present and look at how these maybe holding you back from living a more satisfying and fuller life. As a humanistic counsellor, I focus on building a respectful, caring and empathetic relationship with you and, through this, support you as you progress towards your goal.
I am an experienced, registered MBACP counsellor, and supervisor, based in Exeter, working with adults, young people and children. I work with a wide range of issues, including anxiety, depression, self-harm, bereavement and loss, and trauma. I offer a warm, safe, confidential and non-judgemental space for you to explore difficulties or problems from your past or present and look at how these maybe holding you back from living a more satisfying and fuller life. As a humanistic counsellor, I focus on building a respectful, caring and empathetic relationship with you and, through this, support you as you progress towards your goal.
01392 537143 View 01392 537143
Photo of Nigel Summerton - Personal & Relationship Counselling, DCounsPsych, MBACP Accred, Counsellor
Personal & Relationship Counselling
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Personal and Relationship Counselling are a group of BACP Accredited therapists, psychotherapists and supervisors. We have been providing counselling for individuals, relationships and organisations, in the Plymouth, Devon and Cornwall areas for 30 years. Our Counsellors have been vetted for both professional and personal qualities, because we know these are essential for positive therapeutic results, and want to continue to build on our excellent reputation. If you feel that you would like to begin counselling, please visit our website to see who you could be talking to.
Personal and Relationship Counselling are a group of BACP Accredited therapists, psychotherapists and supervisors. We have been providing counselling for individuals, relationships and organisations, in the Plymouth, Devon and Cornwall areas for 30 years. Our Counsellors have been vetted for both professional and personal qualities, because we know these are essential for positive therapeutic results, and want to continue to build on our excellent reputation. If you feel that you would like to begin counselling, please visit our website to see who you could be talking to.
01752 968311 View 01752 968311
Photo of Karen Hedges, MNCPS Acc., Counsellor
Karen Hedges
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Exeter EX4
Hello, I'm Karen. If you are looking for ways to make positive changes and move forward with your life, I can help you. I'm experienced in working alongside a range of people, and have a particular interest in helping people who may have ADHD (attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder) or be on the autistic spectrum. If you feel that your emotions, thoughts and behaviours are not serving you well, then I will help you to understand them so that you can identify what needs to change. Using approaches to suit you, I'll support you to overcome your difficulties.
Hello, I'm Karen. If you are looking for ways to make positive changes and move forward with your life, I can help you. I'm experienced in working alongside a range of people, and have a particular interest in helping people who may have ADHD (attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder) or be on the autistic spectrum. If you feel that your emotions, thoughts and behaviours are not serving you well, then I will help you to understand them so that you can identify what needs to change. Using approaches to suit you, I'll support you to overcome your difficulties.
01392 690594 View 01392 690594

See more therapy options for Topsham

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Topsham

10+

Average cost per session

£60

Counsellors in Topsham who prioritize treating:

100% Anxiety
94% Depression
94% Bereavement
94% Stress
88% Self Esteem
81% Relationship Issues
81% Family Conflict

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

50% Other
50% Any/Out-of-network Insurance
50% AXA PPP

How Counsellors in Topsham see their clients

94% In Person and Online
6% Online Only

Gender breakdown

94% Female
6% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Topsham?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.