Counselling in Shrewsbury

Photo of Katie Hutton, MBACP, Counsellor
Katie Hutton
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Shrewsbury SY1
I practice in a non-judgemental way which is individual to each client. My aim is to empower you and help you to live your most fulfilling life by encouraging you to recognise your inner resources and strength and to support your emotional wellbeing. I will work with you to help you to explore your thoughts and feelings and gain valuable new perspectives about yourself and your situation and to give you a greater sense of control and choice in your life. I can offer weekly or twice monthly counselling sessions on a long, medium, or short-term basis. We can often make a difference in just a few sessions.
I practice in a non-judgemental way which is individual to each client. My aim is to empower you and help you to live your most fulfilling life by encouraging you to recognise your inner resources and strength and to support your emotional wellbeing. I will work with you to help you to explore your thoughts and feelings and gain valuable new perspectives about yourself and your situation and to give you a greater sense of control and choice in your life. I can offer weekly or twice monthly counselling sessions on a long, medium, or short-term basis. We can often make a difference in just a few sessions.
01743 298335 View 01743 298335
Photo of Paula Jane Reynolds - Paula Reynolds Counselling, MBACP, Counsellor
Paula Reynolds Counselling
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Shrewsbury SY1
I understand how daunting it can be seeking counselling and finding a counsellor who you can trust and be honest and open with. I aim to provide a professional, safe, confidential and non judgmental space in which you will be able to explore recent and long standing personal issues and to gain a greater understanding of your unhappiness and distress and find a way to manage this. My main priority is to make this a positive experience for you, and for the changes to be long standing.
I understand how daunting it can be seeking counselling and finding a counsellor who you can trust and be honest and open with. I aim to provide a professional, safe, confidential and non judgmental space in which you will be able to explore recent and long standing personal issues and to gain a greater understanding of your unhappiness and distress and find a way to manage this. My main priority is to make this a positive experience for you, and for the changes to be long standing.
01743 562420 View 01743 562420
Photo of Jade Rita Taylor - Jade Taylor Creative Counselling, MA, MBACP Accred, Counsellor
Jade Taylor Creative Counselling
Counsellor, MA, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Shrewsbury SY1
Not accepting new clients
Online, outdoor and face-to-face. I am AuDHD. “The curious paradox is that when I accept myself, just as I am, then I can change.” - Carl Rogers. I offer a safe space where you identify any learnt messages and separate them from who you really are, not who you have become, by trying to conform and please the world and others. Through an ND-affirmative therapeutic lens, I support you in recognising and celebrating your differences while understanding the effect of social expectations and judgements on how you view those differences. You are the expert on you, but you may have just lost your voice.
Online, outdoor and face-to-face. I am AuDHD. “The curious paradox is that when I accept myself, just as I am, then I can change.” - Carl Rogers. I offer a safe space where you identify any learnt messages and separate them from who you really are, not who you have become, by trying to conform and please the world and others. Through an ND-affirmative therapeutic lens, I support you in recognising and celebrating your differences while understanding the effect of social expectations and judgements on how you view those differences. You are the expert on you, but you may have just lost your voice.
01743 298374 View 01743 298374
Photo of Katie Birch, MBACP, Counsellor
Katie Birch
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Shrewsbury SY2  (Online Only)
I am passionate about offering support to you during this challenging time. I provide a safe and confidential space. A non judgemental environment will allow you to tell your story and feel heard. Together we can discuss what has brought you to therapy, discover coping strategies and explore future goals. Counselling can help you to understand yourself and others better.
I am passionate about offering support to you during this challenging time. I provide a safe and confidential space. A non judgemental environment will allow you to tell your story and feel heard. Together we can discuss what has brought you to therapy, discover coping strategies and explore future goals. Counselling can help you to understand yourself and others better.
01743 664556 View 01743 664556
Photo of Ines Fitzsimmons, MSc, MBACP, Counsellor
Ines Fitzsimmons
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
Shrewsbury SY3
Hello and a warm welcome to my profile. I am an Integrative Counsellor and my goal as a therapist is to provide a safe non-judgemental space, where my counselling clients can feel encouraged and supported through life’s challenges. Whatever you are going through, whether it is depression, anxiety, relationship problems, family problems, separation or divorce, emotional difficulties or bereavement, there is hope. I have extensive experience counselling in the third sector as well as general counselling practise in a GP surgery. I offer weekly counselling sessions face-to-face and online via Skype and telephone.
Hello and a warm welcome to my profile. I am an Integrative Counsellor and my goal as a therapist is to provide a safe non-judgemental space, where my counselling clients can feel encouraged and supported through life’s challenges. Whatever you are going through, whether it is depression, anxiety, relationship problems, family problems, separation or divorce, emotional difficulties or bereavement, there is hope. I have extensive experience counselling in the third sector as well as general counselling practise in a GP surgery. I offer weekly counselling sessions face-to-face and online via Skype and telephone.
01743 298282 View 01743 298282
Photo of Katie Peter - Illuminate Psychotherapy Services, MSc, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
Illuminate Psychotherapy Services
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Shrewsbury SY1
Katie is a highly skilled and compassionate CBT psychotherapist with over 10 years of experience. Specialising in the treatment of complex trauma, anxiety disorders, depression, and attachment difficulties, Katie uses an individualised and formulation-driven approach to therapy. She has extensive experience working with adults and young people, Katie has a proven ability to build therapeutic relationships that facilitate growth and insight. With a friendly and empathetic approach, she empowers clients to take control of their own healing journey.
Katie is a highly skilled and compassionate CBT psychotherapist with over 10 years of experience. Specialising in the treatment of complex trauma, anxiety disorders, depression, and attachment difficulties, Katie uses an individualised and formulation-driven approach to therapy. She has extensive experience working with adults and young people, Katie has a proven ability to build therapeutic relationships that facilitate growth and insight. With a friendly and empathetic approach, she empowers clients to take control of their own healing journey.
01939 554536 View 01939 554536
Photo of Dr Clair May, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Clair May
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Shrewsbury SY1
Hello, my name is Clair.I am an experienced Clinical Psychologist and EMDR trained therapist offering psychological assessment and therapeutic support to children, young people, and their families.I have experience of working therapeutically with individuals from all walks of life,across a range of clinical settings.Through adopting a curious position,I am genuinely interested to hear about individuals’ experiences.I recognise the importance of working together to reach a shared understanding to make sense of the presenting difficulties in order to understand how the difficulties can be worked with to achieve positive change.
Hello, my name is Clair.I am an experienced Clinical Psychologist and EMDR trained therapist offering psychological assessment and therapeutic support to children, young people, and their families.I have experience of working therapeutically with individuals from all walks of life,across a range of clinical settings.Through adopting a curious position,I am genuinely interested to hear about individuals’ experiences.I recognise the importance of working together to reach a shared understanding to make sense of the presenting difficulties in order to understand how the difficulties can be worked with to achieve positive change.
01743 652294 View 01743 652294
Photo of Deborah Hubbard, MBACP, Counsellor
Deborah Hubbard
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Shrewsbury SY1
We all have a fundamental need to feel listened to, accepted, valued and understood. Often in life we don't experience these things and we can end up feeling misunderstood, judged, confused and alone. Sometimes, even if we have supportive family and friends, it can be hard to be fully open about how we feel as we fear hurting, upsetting or burdening them. Perhaps you can relate to feeling like that? Perhaps you are finding life difficult and need someone with training and experience to come alongside and help you find a way through?
We all have a fundamental need to feel listened to, accepted, valued and understood. Often in life we don't experience these things and we can end up feeling misunderstood, judged, confused and alone. Sometimes, even if we have supportive family and friends, it can be hard to be fully open about how we feel as we fear hurting, upsetting or burdening them. Perhaps you can relate to feeling like that? Perhaps you are finding life difficult and need someone with training and experience to come alongside and help you find a way through?
07944 306647 View 07944 306647
Photo of Mike Flinn, MBACP, Counsellor
Mike Flinn
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Shrewsbury SY3
I work with couples, individuals and students from yr6 upwards. My training allows me to support clients to change, by raising their awareness of what they're doing and the effect of their choices on them and others. The main areas I look at are communication, how they listen and respond to others and why they respond in that way. Once the client is aware of where the response is coming from they can begin to adjust it, to fit the situation in front of them. I work with couples and children experiencing separation and loss either now or in the past, and help them to understand and regulate their feelings.
I work with couples, individuals and students from yr6 upwards. My training allows me to support clients to change, by raising their awareness of what they're doing and the effect of their choices on them and others. The main areas I look at are communication, how they listen and respond to others and why they respond in that way. Once the client is aware of where the response is coming from they can begin to adjust it, to fit the situation in front of them. I work with couples and children experiencing separation and loss either now or in the past, and help them to understand and regulate their feelings.
01743 648637 View 01743 648637
Photo of Michael Neath, MA, MBACP Accred, Counsellor
Michael Neath
Counsellor, MA, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Shrewsbury SY1
Hello, I'm Michael, a BACP-accredited therapist and counsellor offering face-to-face and remote sessions, by phone or video call. I use the person-centred approach to therapy, one of the main approaches taught and used in the UK. I've worked with many clients experiencing anxiety, depression, anger, shame, grief and many of the other emotional difficulties of life. I offer a free introductory call, so you can get a better sense of how it might be to work with me. This is also a chance to let me know more about your situation, if you'd like to, and find out how therapy might help you.
Hello, I'm Michael, a BACP-accredited therapist and counsellor offering face-to-face and remote sessions, by phone or video call. I use the person-centred approach to therapy, one of the main approaches taught and used in the UK. I've worked with many clients experiencing anxiety, depression, anger, shame, grief and many of the other emotional difficulties of life. I offer a free introductory call, so you can get a better sense of how it might be to work with me. This is also a chance to let me know more about your situation, if you'd like to, and find out how therapy might help you.
01743 293778 View 01743 293778
Photo of Allan Michael Hand, MBACP, Counsellor
Allan Michael Hand
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Shrewsbury SY5
My aim is to help you achieve a better outcome for you regardless of the problem you have. I am a member of the BACP and The EMDR Association. EMDR is an evidenced based therapy that can treat many things such as PTSD,Historic Abuse and trauma from medical procedures, EMDR is recognised by NICE and The World Health Organisation. I have considerable experience of one to one working for complex bereavement and loss. Issues I can help with include depression, anxiety and Trauma (such as events experienced that are still affecting you). I have supported veterans and emergency service staff, sufferings from a variety of issues.
My aim is to help you achieve a better outcome for you regardless of the problem you have. I am a member of the BACP and The EMDR Association. EMDR is an evidenced based therapy that can treat many things such as PTSD,Historic Abuse and trauma from medical procedures, EMDR is recognised by NICE and The World Health Organisation. I have considerable experience of one to one working for complex bereavement and loss. Issues I can help with include depression, anxiety and Trauma (such as events experienced that are still affecting you). I have supported veterans and emergency service staff, sufferings from a variety of issues.
01952 454621 View 01952 454621
Photo of Becky Bigglestone, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Becky Bigglestone
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Shrewsbury SY1
Not accepting new clients
I specialise in supporting people who are finding life difficult or finding it hard to find a way forward; people with difficulties around sadness, depression, fear or anxiety, PTSD, trauma, recovering from abuse, or feeling stuck in their lives. Trauma and abuse can leave people with feelings of being alone, worthless, broken, or hopeless and helpless. People however, absolutely hold the seeds of their recovery within themselves, and with the right support and encouragement, they can start to build a better life with meaning and value. I aim to use my training, and knowledge and experience, to support people in their journey.
I specialise in supporting people who are finding life difficult or finding it hard to find a way forward; people with difficulties around sadness, depression, fear or anxiety, PTSD, trauma, recovering from abuse, or feeling stuck in their lives. Trauma and abuse can leave people with feelings of being alone, worthless, broken, or hopeless and helpless. People however, absolutely hold the seeds of their recovery within themselves, and with the right support and encouragement, they can start to build a better life with meaning and value. I aim to use my training, and knowledge and experience, to support people in their journey.
01743 652207 View 01743 652207
Photo of Nic Auerbach - The MindClinic, MBACP, Counsellor
The MindClinic
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Shrewsbury SY2
I offer a bespoke, creative therapy service tailored to the very individual needs of each of my clients. Although each client is unique, my clients are all motivated to change.
I offer a bespoke, creative therapy service tailored to the very individual needs of each of my clients. Although each client is unique, my clients are all motivated to change.
01743 295867 View 01743 295867
Photo of Alicia Lindsay, MBACP, Counsellor
Alicia Lindsay
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Shrewsbury SY3
I have been working in the counselling industry for over 10 years. My passion is empowering clients to have a deeper understanding of their experiences by creating a safe space for them to navigate their best outcomes. My core approach is integrative, which means that I can tailor therapy to the individual. I am a trained Animal Assisted Therapy Practitioner working with two Therapy Dogs. I understand that seeking therapy is a very personal experience and it’s important that you feel comfortable with your therapist and that your therapist can meet your needs. I offer a free, no obligation consultation.
I have been working in the counselling industry for over 10 years. My passion is empowering clients to have a deeper understanding of their experiences by creating a safe space for them to navigate their best outcomes. My core approach is integrative, which means that I can tailor therapy to the individual. I am a trained Animal Assisted Therapy Practitioner working with two Therapy Dogs. I understand that seeking therapy is a very personal experience and it’s important that you feel comfortable with your therapist and that your therapist can meet your needs. I offer a free, no obligation consultation.
01743 293251 View 01743 293251
Photo of Lorelei Green, MBACP Accred, Psychotherapist
Lorelei Green
Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Shrewsbury SY1
I provide a space free of judgement, in which you can explore your thoughts, feelings, options and healing at your own pace. I offer this in person, via video or phone, and via email. I have a masters degree in trauma and PTSD and I am also trained in the Rewind Technique. I work humanistically; primarily using person-centered and gestalt, but I do bring in other interventions like CBT, mindfulness, trauma-interventions and creative therapy. To see a list of other training I have done, please visit the About Me section on my website.
I provide a space free of judgement, in which you can explore your thoughts, feelings, options and healing at your own pace. I offer this in person, via video or phone, and via email. I have a masters degree in trauma and PTSD and I am also trained in the Rewind Technique. I work humanistically; primarily using person-centered and gestalt, but I do bring in other interventions like CBT, mindfulness, trauma-interventions and creative therapy. To see a list of other training I have done, please visit the About Me section on my website.
01743 562279 View 01743 562279
Photo of Deborah Pennington, MBACP, Counsellor
Deborah Pennington
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Shrewsbury SY3
I’m an experienced and qualified Person-Centred Counsellor / Psychotherapist. As your counsellor I offer a safe, respectful space for you, where you can explore personal issues and emotions, within a gentle and warm approach. It may be that you are feeling anxious or stressed and would like to explore these in order to move towards a feeling of emotional well being. Perhaps you might want to talk about difficulties at work, with family, personal relationships or sexual difficulties. Counselling can support you to find the resilience to work through these with courage and to find coping methods.
I’m an experienced and qualified Person-Centred Counsellor / Psychotherapist. As your counsellor I offer a safe, respectful space for you, where you can explore personal issues and emotions, within a gentle and warm approach. It may be that you are feeling anxious or stressed and would like to explore these in order to move towards a feeling of emotional well being. Perhaps you might want to talk about difficulties at work, with family, personal relationships or sexual difficulties. Counselling can support you to find the resilience to work through these with courage and to find coping methods.
01743 298038 View 01743 298038
Photo of Jennifer Haigh, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych., Psychologist
Jennifer Haigh
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
Shrewsbury SY4  (Online Only)
I specialise in supporting others to overcome the negative beliefs they hold about themselves, others, and the world. Whether these beliefs are the product of traumatic events, unhealthy relationships, or developmental difficulties, where there has been an absence of safety, love, trust, belonging and connection.
I specialise in supporting others to overcome the negative beliefs they hold about themselves, others, and the world. Whether these beliefs are the product of traumatic events, unhealthy relationships, or developmental difficulties, where there has been an absence of safety, love, trust, belonging and connection.
01939 554543 View 01939 554543
Photo of Dr Victoria Parlane, HCPC - Health Psych., Psychologist
Dr Victoria Parlane
Psychologist, HCPC - Health Psych.
Verified Verified
Shrewsbury SY4  (Online Only)
Do you feel trapped in uncertainty, overwhelmed with sadness, emotions or physical pain? Is anxiety holding you back and getting in the way of living well? Do you find it hard to express your own needs. Maybe not wanting to feel a burden, so often keep your worries to yourself. Or overly focussed on others needs, at the detriment of your self-care. Do you find yourself behaving in ways that are unlike a person you want to be, maybe snappy at loved ones or colleagues and critical of yourself? Together, we can create a safe space, to explore helpful ways to move forward, build resilience and live better.
Do you feel trapped in uncertainty, overwhelmed with sadness, emotions or physical pain? Is anxiety holding you back and getting in the way of living well? Do you find it hard to express your own needs. Maybe not wanting to feel a burden, so often keep your worries to yourself. Or overly focussed on others needs, at the detriment of your self-care. Do you find yourself behaving in ways that are unlike a person you want to be, maybe snappy at loved ones or colleagues and critical of yourself? Together, we can create a safe space, to explore helpful ways to move forward, build resilience and live better.
01939 554552 View 01939 554552
Photo of Kate Bland - drkatetherapy.com, MHGI, Counsellor
drkatetherapy.com
Counsellor, MHGI
Verified Verified
Shrewsbury SY3
I am both a fully qualified Human Givens Practitioner (HG.Dip.P) and Medical Doctor with over 20 years of experience. I have worked in therapy, occupational medicine, addiction services and General Practice. I have Breathworks training in mindfulness and meditation. My wealth of experience with individuals and businesses allows me to effectively provide therapy and coaching to anyone looking to improve their mental health. Please see www.drkatetherapy.com for more detailed information.
I am both a fully qualified Human Givens Practitioner (HG.Dip.P) and Medical Doctor with over 20 years of experience. I have worked in therapy, occupational medicine, addiction services and General Practice. I have Breathworks training in mindfulness and meditation. My wealth of experience with individuals and businesses allows me to effectively provide therapy and coaching to anyone looking to improve their mental health. Please see www.drkatetherapy.com for more detailed information.
01743 664107 View 01743 664107
Photo of Olivia Georgia Brewin - Carrington Counselling and Wellbeing , MBACP, Counsellor
Carrington Counselling and Wellbeing
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Shrewsbury SY3
Hello, I am a Integrative Counsellor Psychotherapist in modalities including CBT, Person Centered, Psychodynamic, Gestalt and Transactional Analysis. I found myself drawn to Integrative Counselling due to my belief no two people are the same. In order to truly help an individual I feel you need to draw on different modalities, tailoring a therapy unique to them and their life journey. I am BACP registered and always demonstrate their beliefs and values being non judgmental and congruent, creating a safe environment for my clients to explore their thoughts and feelings. Please feel free to contact with any questions you may have.
Hello, I am a Integrative Counsellor Psychotherapist in modalities including CBT, Person Centered, Psychodynamic, Gestalt and Transactional Analysis. I found myself drawn to Integrative Counselling due to my belief no two people are the same. In order to truly help an individual I feel you need to draw on different modalities, tailoring a therapy unique to them and their life journey. I am BACP registered and always demonstrate their beliefs and values being non judgmental and congruent, creating a safe environment for my clients to explore their thoughts and feelings. Please feel free to contact with any questions you may have.
07723 466061 View 07723 466061
1

See more therapy options for Shrewsbury

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Shrewsbury

70+

Average cost per session

£55

Counsellors in Shrewsbury who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
90% Self Esteem
89% Stress
88% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
73% Bereavement
67% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% Bupa
65% Aviva
65% Vitality

How Counsellors in Shrewsbury see their clients

76% In Person and Online
24% Online Only

Gender breakdown

85% Female
15% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Shrewsbury?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.