Counselling in Norwich

Photo of Ian Hollis, Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Ian Hollis
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Norwich NR6
I specialise in helping YOU find a way through the many feelings of loss you may be experiencing, whether that’s through bereavement, relationships difficulties, or the overwhelm of just feeling lost. Together we can find a way forward. Perhaps you are struggling with things that seem out of your control, or feelings of isolation. Maybe you have become used to giving the ‘I’m OK’ image but really struggling to carry on that persona right now? Has life for you been taking its toll, leaving you feeling sad, anxious, frustrated, angry or worthless?
I specialise in helping YOU find a way through the many feelings of loss you may be experiencing, whether that’s through bereavement, relationships difficulties, or the overwhelm of just feeling lost. Together we can find a way forward. Perhaps you are struggling with things that seem out of your control, or feelings of isolation. Maybe you have become used to giving the ‘I’m OK’ image but really struggling to carry on that persona right now? Has life for you been taking its toll, leaving you feeling sad, anxious, frustrated, angry or worthless?
01603 361984 View 01603 361984
Photo of Kim Liversidge, Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Kim Liversidge
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Norwich NR12
Counselling and Psychotherapy can help with a range of difficulties for example feelings of anxiety and depression, feelings of stuckness, helplessness and low self esteem, unhelpful patterns you notice you're repeating, a sense of lostness in your life. Psychotherapy can help you to cope with and make sense of relationship difficulties and many other issues. Please see my website for more information or email me if you would like to arrange a brief discussion to see if you'd like to go ahead and book an initial session.
Counselling and Psychotherapy can help with a range of difficulties for example feelings of anxiety and depression, feelings of stuckness, helplessness and low self esteem, unhelpful patterns you notice you're repeating, a sense of lostness in your life. Psychotherapy can help you to cope with and make sense of relationship difficulties and many other issues. Please see my website for more information or email me if you would like to arrange a brief discussion to see if you'd like to go ahead and book an initial session.
01225 985066 View 01225 985066
Photo of Alex Faustino-Kemp, Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Alex Faustino-Kemp
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Online Only
Are you ready to take control of your mental well-being? As a certified Cognitive Behavioural Therapist (CBT) and Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapist I specialise in helping individuals navigate life’s challenges by identifying and changing unhelpful thought patterns and behaviour's. Whether you’re struggling with anxiety, depression, stress, or relationship issues, CBT can offer effective, practical strategies to create lasting change. I provide a supportive, non-judgmental space where you can explore your thoughts and feelings while learning tools to manage and overcome your difficulties.
Are you ready to take control of your mental well-being? As a certified Cognitive Behavioural Therapist (CBT) and Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapist I specialise in helping individuals navigate life’s challenges by identifying and changing unhelpful thought patterns and behaviour's. Whether you’re struggling with anxiety, depression, stress, or relationship issues, CBT can offer effective, practical strategies to create lasting change. I provide a supportive, non-judgmental space where you can explore your thoughts and feelings while learning tools to manage and overcome your difficulties.
01603 361314 View 01603 361314
Photo of Calla Mayes, Counsellor, MUKCP
Calla Mayes
Counsellor, MUKCP
Norwich NR1
Hello! A warm welcome to you. I'm an integrative psycho-therapeutic counsellor with training and experience in neurodiversity. I am here to help you with life's challenges. Whether it's trying to deal with low self esteem, anxiety, feeling low, stuck, emotional - we can work together towards the changes you'd like to make. I know how daunting it can be trying to find the right counsellor and to start counselling - I also know the benefits it can offer. We are all unique and I believe this should be accepted and celebrated and have a passion to help those with self understanding and self acceptance.
Hello! A warm welcome to you. I'm an integrative psycho-therapeutic counsellor with training and experience in neurodiversity. I am here to help you with life's challenges. Whether it's trying to deal with low self esteem, anxiety, feeling low, stuck, emotional - we can work together towards the changes you'd like to make. I know how daunting it can be trying to find the right counsellor and to start counselling - I also know the benefits it can offer. We are all unique and I believe this should be accepted and celebrated and have a passion to help those with self understanding and self acceptance.
01603 249203 View 01603 249203
Photo of Dr Sheri Jarvis, Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Sheri Jarvis
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
1 Endorsed
Norwich NR2
Not accepting new clients
I am a passionate Doctor of Clinical Psychology and have worked 15 years in mental health services working with adults, children, young people and families. I enjoy getting to know individuals and finding what works well for them. I do this through using evidence-based therapeutic approaches and tailor my intervention to each individual. I offer both adult and child cognitive assessments which can provide a learning profile demonstrating strengths and areas of difficulty.
I am a passionate Doctor of Clinical Psychology and have worked 15 years in mental health services working with adults, children, young people and families. I enjoy getting to know individuals and finding what works well for them. I do this through using evidence-based therapeutic approaches and tailor my intervention to each individual. I offer both adult and child cognitive assessments which can provide a learning profile demonstrating strengths and areas of difficulty.
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Photo of Hollie Crudge, Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Hollie Crudge
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
4 Endorsed
Norwich NR1
Hello, I’m Hollie – a down-to-earth Psychotherapeutic Counsellor based in Norwich city centre! My therapy dog, Bramble is often present in sessions offering a calm presence! I have experience working with adults at MIND and the LGBT+ project engaging with people with a variety of life-changing events such as grief, relationship breakdowns, burnout alongside experience in supporting individuals to heal from abuse. If you find yourself feeling low, or dealing with high levels of anxiety, along with physical symptoms like sickness, pain, or sleeplessness, your body may be out of balance, responding to stress and trauma.
Hello, I’m Hollie – a down-to-earth Psychotherapeutic Counsellor based in Norwich city centre! My therapy dog, Bramble is often present in sessions offering a calm presence! I have experience working with adults at MIND and the LGBT+ project engaging with people with a variety of life-changing events such as grief, relationship breakdowns, burnout alongside experience in supporting individuals to heal from abuse. If you find yourself feeling low, or dealing with high levels of anxiety, along with physical symptoms like sickness, pain, or sleeplessness, your body may be out of balance, responding to stress and trauma.
01603 361468 View 01603 361468
Photo of Francesca Smith - FS Therapy, for Trauma, Perfectionism & OCD, Psychotherapist, MBABCP
FS Therapy, for Trauma, Perfectionism & OCD
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
6 Endorsed
Norwich NR3
EMDR Intensive Therapy for trauma, anxiety & perfectionism. You might look "fine" on the outside but feel tense, stuck in overthinking, or held back by a harsh inner critic. If anxiety & perfectionism leave you pressured, never "done," or unable to switch then you're not alone. I offer EMDR intensive therapy for focused change, plus weekly therapy if you prefer steady support. Forming genuine, meaningful connections sits at the heart of my practice. Helping people to work on what matters most. I'm accredited, experienced & trained in several evidence based therapies proven to help for trauma, anxiety, stress & perfectionism.
EMDR Intensive Therapy for trauma, anxiety & perfectionism. You might look "fine" on the outside but feel tense, stuck in overthinking, or held back by a harsh inner critic. If anxiety & perfectionism leave you pressured, never "done," or unable to switch then you're not alone. I offer EMDR intensive therapy for focused change, plus weekly therapy if you prefer steady support. Forming genuine, meaningful connections sits at the heart of my practice. Helping people to work on what matters most. I'm accredited, experienced & trained in several evidence based therapies proven to help for trauma, anxiety, stress & perfectionism.
01603 578931 View 01603 578931
Photo of Ian Pocklington, Counsellor, MUKCP
Ian Pocklington
Counsellor, MUKCP
Norwich NR10
I have had counselling myself and I know how important it is to feel at ease when talking about the things that concern us. So, whether coming individually or as a couple I will try and make that first step towards getting help as easy as possible, offering a confidential service that is relaxed and non-judgmental in pleasant surroundings.
I have had counselling myself and I know how important it is to feel at ease when talking about the things that concern us. So, whether coming individually or as a couple I will try and make that first step towards getting help as easy as possible, offering a confidential service that is relaxed and non-judgmental in pleasant surroundings.
01362 701486 View 01362 701486
Photo of Ness Cooper, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Ness Cooper
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Norwich NR11
Relationship and intimacy focused therapy can feel like the last attempt. You've tried everything else or its gotten to point where change doesn't sound possible. But that's where I come in, and help you work through these challenges to gain the clarity you need to move in the direction you need. Not everyone is in a relationship when they come and see me, they may be processing old relationships or look towards the future. Whether you're an individual, couple or polyamorous group I can help you work through relationship dynamics, to, sexual issues, and more.
Relationship and intimacy focused therapy can feel like the last attempt. You've tried everything else or its gotten to point where change doesn't sound possible. But that's where I come in, and help you work through these challenges to gain the clarity you need to move in the direction you need. Not everyone is in a relationship when they come and see me, they may be processing old relationships or look towards the future. Whether you're an individual, couple or polyamorous group I can help you work through relationship dynamics, to, sexual issues, and more.
01263 808952 View 01263 808952
Photo of Dr Charlotte Taylor, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Charlotte Taylor
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
1 Endorsed
Norwich NR2
Every person’s journey is unique, and I believe therapy should reflect that. I take an eclectic approach, drawing from Systemic Therapy, CBT, and other evidence-based approaches to tailor each session to your specific needs and goals. I work with many different age groups, although have the most experience with children, teenagers and families. Whether you're seeking practical strategies for change or a deeper exploration of emotions and relationships, I attune to what works best for you. My focus is on creating a safe, collaborative space where we can explore challenges and build resilience.
Every person’s journey is unique, and I believe therapy should reflect that. I take an eclectic approach, drawing from Systemic Therapy, CBT, and other evidence-based approaches to tailor each session to your specific needs and goals. I work with many different age groups, although have the most experience with children, teenagers and families. Whether you're seeking practical strategies for change or a deeper exploration of emotions and relationships, I attune to what works best for you. My focus is on creating a safe, collaborative space where we can explore challenges and build resilience.
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Photo of Ed Harkness, Counsellor, MBACP
Ed Harkness
Counsellor, MBACP
Norwich NR1
We all struggle sometimes to make sense of ourselves and our life experiences. This can leave us feeling as if things aren't as they should be. We may act in ways we hadn't intended and that don’t fit with our sense of self. Having support to explore these issues can help us to accept ourselves and experience life more fully.
We all struggle sometimes to make sense of ourselves and our life experiences. This can leave us feeling as if things aren't as they should be. We may act in ways we hadn't intended and that don’t fit with our sense of self. Having support to explore these issues can help us to accept ourselves and experience life more fully.
01603 516770 View 01603 516770
Photo of Hilary Frances Land, Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Hilary Frances Land
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Norwich NR4
I work as a Child and Adolescent Psychotherapist, which includes work with parents, and an Adult Counsellor. I use a range of techniques tailored to individual clients and families. I use deep listening and compassion to support each client to understand themself, their needs and their situation more clearly. From this their own solutions emerge and I support them to implement them. I also have a wide range of evidence-based strategies from Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Compassion Focussed Therapy, Mindfulness and neuroscience which I offer to enable clients to manage effectively and make the most of their human experience.
I work as a Child and Adolescent Psychotherapist, which includes work with parents, and an Adult Counsellor. I use a range of techniques tailored to individual clients and families. I use deep listening and compassion to support each client to understand themself, their needs and their situation more clearly. From this their own solutions emerge and I support them to implement them. I also have a wide range of evidence-based strategies from Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Compassion Focussed Therapy, Mindfulness and neuroscience which I offer to enable clients to manage effectively and make the most of their human experience.
01603 249023 View 01603 249023
Photo of Sonya Dunsdon, Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP Accred
Sonya Dunsdon
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP Accred
Norwich NR2
I offer a pragmatic and focused approach to Counselling. Drawing on a range of therapies I provide a confidential and non-judgemental space in which to understand yourself and your feelings more deeply. Working together we can explore how your past may be influencing your present thoughts, feelings and behaviours. From this process new perspectives and new possibilities for change can emerge. Counselling is a personal experience that will be unique to you. I specialise in effective short-term work as well as longer exploratory counselling.
I offer a pragmatic and focused approach to Counselling. Drawing on a range of therapies I provide a confidential and non-judgemental space in which to understand yourself and your feelings more deeply. Working together we can explore how your past may be influencing your present thoughts, feelings and behaviours. From this process new perspectives and new possibilities for change can emerge. Counselling is a personal experience that will be unique to you. I specialise in effective short-term work as well as longer exploratory counselling.
01603 340402 View 01603 340402
Photo of Joanne West
Joanne West
Verified Verified
Norwich NR10
I support people with mental health difficulties using CBT techniques as well as other counselling approaches. I have a particular interest and expertise in working with sleep difficulties and insomnia. I am a qualified counsellor with an additional PG Cert in CBT and worked as a therapist in the NHS for many years. I have also trained in CBT for insomnia and in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for insomnia.
I support people with mental health difficulties using CBT techniques as well as other counselling approaches. I have a particular interest and expertise in working with sleep difficulties and insomnia. I am a qualified counsellor with an additional PG Cert in CBT and worked as a therapist in the NHS for many years. I have also trained in CBT for insomnia and in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for insomnia.
01603 361058 View 01603 361058
Photo of Emily Drinkwater, Counsellor, MBACP
Emily Drinkwater
Counsellor, MBACP
Norwich NR2
Hello and welcome, my name is Emily. I’m a registered BACP integrative psychotherapeutic counsellor. Whatever your reason for coming here today, I aim to provide you with a safe, non-judgemental and confidential space where we can collaboratively explore any difficulties you may be experiencing. Working holistically, I help individuals to connect with themselves, to make sense of their experiences and to make the changes & improvement they want to see in their lives. I offer adult clients short-term, solution-focussed and/or open-ended integrative psychotherapy.
Hello and welcome, my name is Emily. I’m a registered BACP integrative psychotherapeutic counsellor. Whatever your reason for coming here today, I aim to provide you with a safe, non-judgemental and confidential space where we can collaboratively explore any difficulties you may be experiencing. Working holistically, I help individuals to connect with themselves, to make sense of their experiences and to make the changes & improvement they want to see in their lives. I offer adult clients short-term, solution-focussed and/or open-ended integrative psychotherapy.
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Photo of Jane Hughes, Counsellor, MUKCP
Jane Hughes
Counsellor, MUKCP
1 Endorsed
Norwich NR2
I am a Psychotherapeutic Counsellor with over 10 years of experience, working with young people over 16 years old and adults. Low mood or anxiety may be leading you to feel like it’s difficult to cope, and you may want to make some changes. Together we can explore current or past struggles, which may be leading you to feel distressed or stuck. I offer an empathic, compassionate and confidential space to explore your thoughts and feelings, without fear of judgement. I am experienced in counselling people struggling with relational difficulties or trauma, which may be affecting them in the present.
I am a Psychotherapeutic Counsellor with over 10 years of experience, working with young people over 16 years old and adults. Low mood or anxiety may be leading you to feel like it’s difficult to cope, and you may want to make some changes. Together we can explore current or past struggles, which may be leading you to feel distressed or stuck. I offer an empathic, compassionate and confidential space to explore your thoughts and feelings, without fear of judgement. I am experienced in counselling people struggling with relational difficulties or trauma, which may be affecting them in the present.
01603 361816 View 01603 361816
Photo of Jo Barnett, Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Jo Barnett
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Norwich NR1
I have a passion in supporting young people and adults with their healing process, when challenged by times in their lives with issues they find too difficult to overcome alone. I am a genuine caring and compassionate Counsellor and Psychotherapist, with vast experience of working with children 11 years plus and adults. I offer a safe, non judgemental space, where we'll focus on your goals and aims of the sessions. At times we're not sure of what is troubling us and causing distress, but know that help is needed. Through exploration of your thoughts and feelings we can develop an understanding of your needs together.
I have a passion in supporting young people and adults with their healing process, when challenged by times in their lives with issues they find too difficult to overcome alone. I am a genuine caring and compassionate Counsellor and Psychotherapist, with vast experience of working with children 11 years plus and adults. I offer a safe, non judgemental space, where we'll focus on your goals and aims of the sessions. At times we're not sure of what is troubling us and causing distress, but know that help is needed. Through exploration of your thoughts and feelings we can develop an understanding of your needs together.
01603 361939 View 01603 361939
Photo of Laura Ream, Counsellor
Laura Ream
Counsellor
Norwich NR2
I'm a Counsellor, Hypnotherapist and NLP Practitioner. I work with trauma, domestic abuse, and I am trained in Eye Movement Neurointergration. I am a LGBTQ+ positive therapist. I support my clients to be their true selves with me. My intention is to provide a safe and supportive space for individuals to explore their emotions, overcome challenges, and thrive in their lives. I can currently offer sessions at The Practice Rooms Norwich and at the Bircham Centre in Reepham, as well as online.
I'm a Counsellor, Hypnotherapist and NLP Practitioner. I work with trauma, domestic abuse, and I am trained in Eye Movement Neurointergration. I am a LGBTQ+ positive therapist. I support my clients to be their true selves with me. My intention is to provide a safe and supportive space for individuals to explore their emotions, overcome challenges, and thrive in their lives. I can currently offer sessions at The Practice Rooms Norwich and at the Bircham Centre in Reepham, as well as online.
01603 249748 View 01603 249748
Photo of Dr Louise Walker, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Louise Walker
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Norwich NR9
I am a Clinical Psychologist with 15 years’ experience working in mental health services with adults, young people, children, and families. Over that time, I have gained experience of working effectively and collaboratively with people with a wide range of emotional and behavioural challenges, and I have a specialism in all types of trauma. I am an integrative therapist, drawing upon principles from a range of models including EMDR, CBT, DBT skills, systemic and behaviourist approaches, and attachment theory. I have experience and knowledge of working alongside people who are also neurodiverse (specifically, ADHD and ASD).
I am a Clinical Psychologist with 15 years’ experience working in mental health services with adults, young people, children, and families. Over that time, I have gained experience of working effectively and collaboratively with people with a wide range of emotional and behavioural challenges, and I have a specialism in all types of trauma. I am an integrative therapist, drawing upon principles from a range of models including EMDR, CBT, DBT skills, systemic and behaviourist approaches, and attachment theory. I have experience and knowledge of working alongside people who are also neurodiverse (specifically, ADHD and ASD).
0115 647 4779 View 0115 647 4779
Photo of Victoria Smith, Psychotherapist, PTUK Accred
Victoria Smith
Psychotherapist, PTUK Accred
Norwich NR9
Standing Tall Therapies was set in 2014 by Victoria, an accredited play therapist and creative clinical supervisor, to provide a much needed service in the Norfolk area. She believes that every child should be given the opportunity to stand tall and to feel proud of who they are. Victoria has worked extensively with children and adolescents on the autistic spectrum, children and adolescents with learning difficulties, adolescents that have been sectioned according to the mental health act and mainstream children who need a little extra help coping with various social, emotional and behavioural difficulties.
Standing Tall Therapies was set in 2014 by Victoria, an accredited play therapist and creative clinical supervisor, to provide a much needed service in the Norfolk area. She believes that every child should be given the opportunity to stand tall and to feel proud of who they are. Victoria has worked extensively with children and adolescents on the autistic spectrum, children and adolescents with learning difficulties, adolescents that have been sectioned according to the mental health act and mainstream children who need a little extra help coping with various social, emotional and behavioural difficulties.
01953 665791 View 01953 665791

See more therapy options for Norwich

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Norwich

200+

Average cost per session

£60

Counsellors in Norwich who prioritize treating:

88% Anxiety
83% Depression
80% Self Esteem
78% Stress
75% Relationship Issues
71% Trauma and PTSD
56% Bereavement

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

76% Aviva
71% AXA PPP
58% Bupa

How Counsellors in Norwich see their clients

83% In Person and Online
17% Online Only

Gender breakdown

74% Female
24% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Norwich?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.