Anxiety Counselling in Bishopsgate

Photo of Jason Chan, Psychologist, PsychD, CPsychol
Jason Chan
Psychologist, PsychD, CPsychol
1 Endorsed
Bishopsgate, London EC2M
Depression breeds inactivity, rumination, hopelessness, self-loathing, loneliness and addiction; anxiety problems compel us to run reactively for safety, only our escapes often further entrench our fear, worries and cause panic.
A Principal Clinical Psychologist with 16 years of experience of working in and leading NHS Psychology Services, and an expert in CBT, Psychodynamic psychotherapy, Emotion-focused therapy, EMDR, Acceptance-commitment Therapy and Mindfulness approaches. I offer incisive, experiential, and highly effective treatments designed to help you overcome your distress and effect lasting changes. Seeking help is a major life step. I commit to providing a safe, professional and personalized treatment experience to sensitively support and empower you, deepen your self-understanding and create positive changes for a life that you can truly value.
Depression breeds inactivity, rumination, hopelessness, self-loathing, loneliness and addiction; anxiety problems compel us to run reactively for safety, only our escapes often further entrench our fear, worries and cause panic.
A Principal Clinical Psychologist with 16 years of experience of working in and leading NHS Psychology Services, and an expert in CBT, Psychodynamic psychotherapy, Emotion-focused therapy, EMDR, Acceptance-commitment Therapy and Mindfulness approaches. I offer incisive, experiential, and highly effective treatments designed to help you overcome your distress and effect lasting changes. Seeking help is a major life step. I commit to providing a safe, professional and personalized treatment experience to sensitively support and empower you, deepen your self-understanding and create positive changes for a life that you can truly value.
020 3962 0919 View 020 3962 0919
Photo of Becky Wright, Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Becky Wright
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
3 Endorsed
Bishopsgate, London EC2M
I am an integrative psychotherapist, couples therapist, and psychosexual therapist offering therapy in Shoreditch, London, Bishop's Stortford and online. I support individuals, couples and partners to understand themselves and their relationships, work through challenges, and find practical ways forward with greater clarity, confidence, and connection. My approach is warm, supportive, and non-judgemental, while also gently challenging when needed. Therapy with me is a space where you can speak openly, feel truly heard, and explore yourself and your relationships more deeply.
I am an integrative psychotherapist, couples therapist, and psychosexual therapist offering therapy in Shoreditch, London, Bishop's Stortford and online. I support individuals, couples and partners to understand themselves and their relationships, work through challenges, and find practical ways forward with greater clarity, confidence, and connection. My approach is warm, supportive, and non-judgemental, while also gently challenging when needed. Therapy with me is a space where you can speak openly, feel truly heard, and explore yourself and your relationships more deeply.
020 3962 0644 View 020 3962 0644
Photo of Lina Kaoud, Psychotherapist, BPC
Lina Kaoud
Psychotherapist, BPC
1 Endorsed
Bishopsgate, London EC2M
In my experience, psychotherapy can be exceptionally valuable for helping people with underlying feelings of depression or anxiety, low self-esteem, inability to form satisfactory, intimate relationships as well as helping us to understand ourselves and why we act and feel the way we do.
I am a psychodynamic psychotherapist and counsellor, with over eighteen years of experience working within the NHS, voluntary and private sectors. I trained at the Tavistock Centre and I am a member of Tavistock Society of Psychotherapists as well as a member of British Association of Counsellors and Psychotherapists. I am accredited by the British Psychoanalytical Council. My experience includes working at the Counselling and Psychotherapy Department at Kings College Hospital, the Adults Complex Needs Service at the Tavistock and Portman NHS, The Centre for Better Health Counselling Service and Islington Bereavement Service.
In my experience, psychotherapy can be exceptionally valuable for helping people with underlying feelings of depression or anxiety, low self-esteem, inability to form satisfactory, intimate relationships as well as helping us to understand ourselves and why we act and feel the way we do.
I am a psychodynamic psychotherapist and counsellor, with over eighteen years of experience working within the NHS, voluntary and private sectors. I trained at the Tavistock Centre and I am a member of Tavistock Society of Psychotherapists as well as a member of British Association of Counsellors and Psychotherapists. I am accredited by the British Psychoanalytical Council. My experience includes working at the Counselling and Psychotherapy Department at Kings College Hospital, the Adults Complex Needs Service at the Tavistock and Portman NHS, The Centre for Better Health Counselling Service and Islington Bereavement Service.
020 3856 3631 View 020 3856 3631
Photo of Dr Haneyeh Belyani, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Dr Haneyeh Belyani
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Bishopsgate, London EC2M
I work with a range of difficulties including depressions, anxiety, trauma and relationship difficulties.
As a counselling psychologist, I am training in using cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), person centered therapy, psychodynamic psychotherapy, EMDR, mindfulness and compassion focused therapy. Knowledge and experience of using a range of psychological approaches allows me to tailor my work around the individual needs of my clients.
I work with a range of difficulties including depressions, anxiety, trauma and relationship difficulties.
As a counselling psychologist, I am training in using cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), person centered therapy, psychodynamic psychotherapy, EMDR, mindfulness and compassion focused therapy. Knowledge and experience of using a range of psychological approaches allows me to tailor my work around the individual needs of my clients.
020 3962 1652 View 020 3962 1652
Photo of Dr Niloufar Mersaditabari, Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Dr Niloufar Mersaditabari
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Bishopsgate, London EC2M
Dr Niloufar Mersadi is a Counselling Psychologist with over 15 years of experience supporting individuals with a wide range of emotional, relational, and psychological difficulties, including anxiety, trauma and post-traumatic stress, grief and loss, life transitions, low self-esteem, relationship difficulties, and questions of meaning, purpose, and fulfilment.
Niloufar offers a warm, compassionate, and non-judgemental space where clients can feel safe to explore their experiences, deepen self-understanding, and create lasting change. She draws on a range of evidence-based approaches tailored to each individual's needs, including CBT, ACT, CFT & EMDR as well as other trauma-informed and somatic-based interventions.
Dr Niloufar Mersadi is a Counselling Psychologist with over 15 years of experience supporting individuals with a wide range of emotional, relational, and psychological difficulties, including anxiety, trauma and post-traumatic stress, grief and loss, life transitions, low self-esteem, relationship difficulties, and questions of meaning, purpose, and fulfilment.
Niloufar offers a warm, compassionate, and non-judgemental space where clients can feel safe to explore their experiences, deepen self-understanding, and create lasting change. She draws on a range of evidence-based approaches tailored to each individual's needs, including CBT, ACT, CFT & EMDR as well as other trauma-informed and somatic-based interventions.
020 4603 9672 View 020 4603 9672
Photo of Dr Hava Drummond - Psikolog Londra Terapi Platformu, Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Psikolog Londra Terapi Platformu
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Bishopsgate, London EC2M
Our dedicated team of experienced psychologists and psychiatrists provides compassionate support for those navigating mental health challenges, including anxiety, depression, stress, and relational difficulties.
Our therapeutic approach is integrative, utilising evidence-based practices such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Schema Therapy, and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), as well as play therapy for children. We tailor interventions to meet each client’s unique needs and work closely with insurance providers, ensuring seamless access.
Our dedicated team of experienced psychologists and psychiatrists provides compassionate support for those navigating mental health challenges, including anxiety, depression, stress, and relational difficulties.
Our therapeutic approach is integrative, utilising evidence-based practices such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Schema Therapy, and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), as well as play therapy for children. We tailor interventions to meet each client’s unique needs and work closely with insurance providers, ensuring seamless access.
020 3870 3437 View 020 3870 3437
Photo of Sena Bolukbasi, Psychologist, MA, GMBPsS
Sena Bolukbasi
Psychologist, MA, GMBPsS
Bishopsgate, London EC2M
I completed my undergraduate degree in Psychology at Bahçeşehir University in 2020. I then completed my Master’s degree in Clinical Psychology at the same university with high honours, where my thesis explored the relationship between narcissism, relationship addiction, and attachment styles. Continuing my academic journey in the UK, I pursued a Master’s degree in Public Mental Health at Queen Mary University of London, focusing my dissertation on the role of self-compassion-focused therapies in addiction prevention. I am currently conducting face-to-face therapy sessions as part of Psikolog London.
I completed my undergraduate degree in Psychology at Bahçeşehir University in 2020. I then completed my Master’s degree in Clinical Psychology at the same university with high honours, where my thesis explored the relationship between narcissism, relationship addiction, and attachment styles. Continuing my academic journey in the UK, I pursued a Master’s degree in Public Mental Health at Queen Mary University of London, focusing my dissertation on the role of self-compassion-focused therapies in addiction prevention. I am currently conducting face-to-face therapy sessions as part of Psikolog London.
020 4630 7032 x44 View 020 4630 7032 x44
Photo of Jacqueline Mitchell, Counsellor, MBACP
Jacqueline Mitchell
Counsellor, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Bishopsgate, London E1
Struggling with anxiety, depression, grief , pain, health / work or relationship issues or any challenges in life?
Therapy is built on safety, honesty and trust. I wish to meet you in a relaxed non-judgemental space to explore your unique history, needs, thoughts, beliefs and feelings that shape the person you are. I offer support , reassurance and hope even in the darkest of times. To realise, it’s possible to embrace life, find hope, empowerment and positive change.
Struggling with anxiety, depression, grief , pain, health / work or relationship issues or any challenges in life?
Therapy is built on safety, honesty and trust. I wish to meet you in a relaxed non-judgemental space to explore your unique history, needs, thoughts, beliefs and feelings that shape the person you are. I offer support , reassurance and hope even in the darkest of times. To realise, it’s possible to embrace life, find hope, empowerment and positive change.
020 3835 3946 View 020 3835 3946
Photo of Penny Tierney, Counsellor, MBACP
Penny Tierney
Counsellor, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Bishopsgate, London E1
I tend to work with women to reduce anxiety symptoms, burnout, and perfectionism.
The heart of our work is a real and honest connection where you're comfortable enough to be yourself. My clients tell me they like my straight-talking approach, and we often have a bit of humour in our sessions, too.
I tend to work with women to reduce anxiety symptoms, burnout, and perfectionism.
The heart of our work is a real and honest connection where you're comfortable enough to be yourself. My clients tell me they like my straight-talking approach, and we often have a bit of humour in our sessions, too.
020 3962 1394 View 020 3962 1394
Photo of Sharon Bergin, Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Sharon Bergin
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
1 Endorsed
Bishopsgate, London EC2M
From these areas, we experience symptoms such as anxiety, depression, relationship breakdown, and at times other harmful and/or repetitive behaviours.
Most people who seek counselling and psychotherapy do not come with a diagnosis; they come because they are struggling with what’s going on in their life and/or what’s going on in their mind, and they are looking for change.
From these areas, we experience symptoms such as anxiety, depression, relationship breakdown, and at times other harmful and/or repetitive behaviours.
Most people who seek counselling and psychotherapy do not come with a diagnosis; they come because they are struggling with what’s going on in their life and/or what’s going on in their mind, and they are looking for change.
020 3835 3297 View 020 3835 3297
Photo of Swaliha Bax, Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Swaliha Bax
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Bishopsgate, London EC2M
It may be that you feel alone, unfulfilled, depressed or anxious or perhaps you have experienced a trauma which continues to affect you.
I'm a psychodynamic psychotherapist and counsellor which means I work with you in an in-depth way so that we can better understand your inner world. From working with me I hope you would gain an improved understanding of yourself, feel more confident and better equipped in managing your difficulties and live life with increased pleasure and meaning.
It may be that you feel alone, unfulfilled, depressed or anxious or perhaps you have experienced a trauma which continues to affect you.
I'm a psychodynamic psychotherapist and counsellor which means I work with you in an in-depth way so that we can better understand your inner world. From working with me I hope you would gain an improved understanding of yourself, feel more confident and better equipped in managing your difficulties and live life with increased pleasure and meaning.
020 4572 3749 View 020 4572 3749
Photo of Ana Caldeira, Counsellor, MBACP
Ana Caldeira
Counsellor, MBACP
Bishopsgate, London E1
Welcome. If you’ve found your way here, perhaps something inside you is quietly asking to be seen and understood more deeply. You might not have the words, just a feeling that things feel heavy, unsettled, or out of sync. I offer a grounded, gentle space where we can slow down and begin to listen to what’s often left unspoken. Together, we bring curiosity, compassion, and somatic awareness into the places that feel silenced, disconnected, or shamed. You don’t need to have answers. We begin with whatever is present. I’m a humanistic counsellor, and my approach is integrative, relational, and embodied.
Welcome. If you’ve found your way here, perhaps something inside you is quietly asking to be seen and understood more deeply. You might not have the words, just a feeling that things feel heavy, unsettled, or out of sync. I offer a grounded, gentle space where we can slow down and begin to listen to what’s often left unspoken. Together, we bring curiosity, compassion, and somatic awareness into the places that feel silenced, disconnected, or shamed. You don’t need to have answers. We begin with whatever is present. I’m a humanistic counsellor, and my approach is integrative, relational, and embodied.
01234 386396 View 01234 386396
Photo of Dr Violetta Papachristodoulou, Psychologist, PsychD, CPsychol
Dr Violetta Papachristodoulou
Psychologist, PsychD, CPsychol
1 Endorsed
Bishopsgate, London EC2M
Most people experience anxiety or depression at some point in their lives and need to cope with pain and confusion.
I am a Chartered Counselling Psychologist providing short/ long-term therapy and clinical supervision. I draw on a variety of psychological approaches including Humanistic, Cognitive Behavioural (CBT) and Psychodynamic Therapy. I am particularly interested in how our earlier experiences and relationships influence us in our present.
Most people experience anxiety or depression at some point in their lives and need to cope with pain and confusion.
I am a Chartered Counselling Psychologist providing short/ long-term therapy and clinical supervision. I draw on a variety of psychological approaches including Humanistic, Cognitive Behavioural (CBT) and Psychodynamic Therapy. I am particularly interested in how our earlier experiences and relationships influence us in our present.
023 8214 8365 View 023 8214 8365
Photo of Dr Kaan Altan, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Kaan Altan
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Bishopsgate, London EC2M
My name is Kaan and I am a Clinical Psychologist and accredited CBT therapist and EMDR therapist, specialising in working with adults with a range of mental health difficulties, from anxiety and low mood, stress and burnout, difficulties regulating and managing emotions to trauma related difficulties.
My approach to therapy is rooted in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Eye Movement and Desensitisation Reprocessing Therapy (EMDR), Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT), Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (ACT), Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT), and Internal Family Systems (IFS) which allows me to tailor my methods to meet each client’s unique needs.
My name is Kaan and I am a Clinical Psychologist and accredited CBT therapist and EMDR therapist, specialising in working with adults with a range of mental health difficulties, from anxiety and low mood, stress and burnout, difficulties regulating and managing emotions to trauma related difficulties.
My approach to therapy is rooted in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Eye Movement and Desensitisation Reprocessing Therapy (EMDR), Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT), Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (ACT), Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT), and Internal Family Systems (IFS) which allows me to tailor my methods to meet each client’s unique needs.
020 4538 0791 View 020 4538 0791
Photo of Lee Valls - The London Practice, Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
The London Practice
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Bishopsgate, London EC2M
We have experience with a wide variety of issues, including: Relationship, Family issues, Stress, Anxiety, Depression, HIV, Sexuality, Life threatening illness, Addiction, Bereavement, Loss of meaning and purpose, Identity issues, Low self-esteem, Relationship issues, Sexual abuse, Suicidal thoughts and Employment issues.
We believe that everyone is unique and therefore is dealt with in a way that best caters to his or her individual needs. We work with you by exploring your world to see how you engage with your life and the people around you. Along the journey, we will explore your past, look at your present and see how you perceive the future. We will help you become more aware of your values, beliefs and limitations and help you connect and improve your relationship with yourself. This process may be challenging, yet extremely rewarding as we access the changes you want to make towards living the life that you want to live.
We have experience with a wide variety of issues, including: Relationship, Family issues, Stress, Anxiety, Depression, HIV, Sexuality, Life threatening illness, Addiction, Bereavement, Loss of meaning and purpose, Identity issues, Low self-esteem, Relationship issues, Sexual abuse, Suicidal thoughts and Employment issues.
We believe that everyone is unique and therefore is dealt with in a way that best caters to his or her individual needs. We work with you by exploring your world to see how you engage with your life and the people around you. Along the journey, we will explore your past, look at your present and see how you perceive the future. We will help you become more aware of your values, beliefs and limitations and help you connect and improve your relationship with yourself. This process may be challenging, yet extremely rewarding as we access the changes you want to make towards living the life that you want to live.
020 3962 0673 View 020 3962 0673
Photo of Dr Paul Garden, Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Dr Paul Garden
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Bishopsgate, London EC2M
Personality, relationships, anxiety, depression, and emotional trauma are areas of expertise.
I am a registered Health Care Professions Council (HCPC) Practitioner Psychologist, and am on the British Psychological Society Register of Applied Psychology Practice Supervisors (RAPPS). I have been in Private Practice in Central London for nine years. Before spending ten years in full-time study and training in London universities and NHS Trusts to qualify as a psychologist, I spent a decade travelling, mainly around Asia, studying Eastern psychology and philosophy. Thus, I have a rich lens of psychological perspectives through which I understand and work with the mind. Psychoanalytic thinking underpins my approach to therapy.
Personality, relationships, anxiety, depression, and emotional trauma are areas of expertise.
I am a registered Health Care Professions Council (HCPC) Practitioner Psychologist, and am on the British Psychological Society Register of Applied Psychology Practice Supervisors (RAPPS). I have been in Private Practice in Central London for nine years. Before spending ten years in full-time study and training in London universities and NHS Trusts to qualify as a psychologist, I spent a decade travelling, mainly around Asia, studying Eastern psychology and philosophy. Thus, I have a rich lens of psychological perspectives through which I understand and work with the mind. Psychoanalytic thinking underpins my approach to therapy.
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Photo of Dr Izabel Lang, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Dr Izabel Lang
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Bishopsgate, London EC2M
Do you struggle to cope with anxiety, work stress, low mood, low self-esteem or worry about the future?
I specialise in anxiety disorders, trauma, depression, work stress, r/ship issues and low self-esteem. I have 14 years experience working in the NHS, voluntary, private settings. I will tailor the treatment to suit your specific needs, rather than fitting you into a 'one-size fits all' model, and I value the therapeutic relationship as a vehicle for change.
Do you struggle to cope with anxiety, work stress, low mood, low self-esteem or worry about the future?
I specialise in anxiety disorders, trauma, depression, work stress, r/ship issues and low self-esteem. I have 14 years experience working in the NHS, voluntary, private settings. I will tailor the treatment to suit your specific needs, rather than fitting you into a 'one-size fits all' model, and I value the therapeutic relationship as a vehicle for change.
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Photo of Shivon Genus, Counsellor, MBACP
Shivon Genus
Counsellor, MBACP
Bishopsgate, London EC2M
You may be experiencing anxiety, depression, grief, or facing the challenges of fertility and parenting, including raising a child with special educational needs.
My approach is integrative, holistic, and creative, tailored to your unique needs. I provide a safe, compassionate, and non-judgmental space where you can uncover patterns, rediscover your strengths, and build healthier ways of relating to yourself and others. Therapy with me is about building self-compassion, strengthening connections, and creating change.
You may be experiencing anxiety, depression, grief, or facing the challenges of fertility and parenting, including raising a child with special educational needs.
My approach is integrative, holistic, and creative, tailored to your unique needs. I provide a safe, compassionate, and non-judgmental space where you can uncover patterns, rediscover your strengths, and build healthier ways of relating to yourself and others. Therapy with me is about building self-compassion, strengthening connections, and creating change.
01992 662570 View 01992 662570
Photo of Hasina Sarwari - Dr Hasina Sarwari -Chartered Clinical Psychologist, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Hasina Sarwari -Chartered Clinical Psychologist
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Bishopsgate, London EC2M
I support adults facing anxiety, depression, or emotional distress linked to trauma, chronic illness, or pain.
I use an evidence-based and integrative approach to therapy, combining EMDR, CBT, and Compassion-Focused Therapy with health psychology principles. My work explores the connection between mind, body, and nervous system to help clients heal from trauma, manage chronic illness, and reduce emotional distress. Sessions are collaborative, trauma-informed, and fo
I support adults facing anxiety, depression, or emotional distress linked to trauma, chronic illness, or pain.
I use an evidence-based and integrative approach to therapy, combining EMDR, CBT, and Compassion-Focused Therapy with health psychology principles. My work explores the connection between mind, body, and nervous system to help clients heal from trauma, manage chronic illness, and reduce emotional distress. Sessions are collaborative, trauma-informed, and fo
020 7097 2245 View 020 7097 2245
Photo of Catherine Sanderson, Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Catherine Sanderson
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Bishopsgate, London EC2M
I work with adults experiencing the effects of trauma, grief, anxiety, depression, addiction, and patterns that no longer serve them.
Therapy can be a freeing process - a space to better understand yourself and gently redirect energy toward caring for yourself in ways that feel authentic. Together, we explore your thoughts and experiences at your pace, while developing practical strategies that support self-respect, self-compassion, and lasting change.
I work with adults experiencing the effects of trauma, grief, anxiety, depression, addiction, and patterns that no longer serve them.
Therapy can be a freeing process - a space to better understand yourself and gently redirect energy toward caring for yourself in ways that feel authentic. Together, we explore your thoughts and experiences at your pace, while developing practical strategies that support self-respect, self-compassion, and lasting change.
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Anxiety Counsellors
When should I seek treatment for anxiety?
Everyone feels anxious at times, but when anxiety causes disruption to your daily life, it may be time to seek help. Such disruption can be mental, physical, or both: having fear dominate your thoughts, avoiding situations or objects that bring on feelings of anxiety, or experiencing shortness of breath, sweating, dizziness, or panic attacks. When these symptoms are recurrent and distressing, it may be time to talk to someone.

What are the most common types of treatment for anxiety?
Talk therapy, particularly cognitive behavioural therapy, is the most common treatment for anxiety. Studies have shown it is equally effective as medication. Other forms of therapy are popular, depending on a patient’s experience. Exposure therapy, for instance, can be useful for people dealing with fears and phobias, or who have experienced traumatic events. Dialectical Behavioural Therapy may be useful for patients who need help with emotion regulation. Anxiolytic medications, like benzodiazepines, can also help with calming a person enough to focus on the skills they’ve learned, and physical exercise has been shown to help symptoms of anxiety across the board.

How long does therapy for anxiety take to work?
The amount of time needed to alleviate symptoms depends on the severity of a person’s condition. Some therapies may take 5-20 weekly sessions to show results. Anti-depressant medications typically take two to four weeks before a benefit is felt. Anti-anxiety medications are felt typically within 20-30 minutes. Medications are best used to offer a patient a better headspace in which to work on techniques learned in therapy. Exercise, improved sleep habits, and meditation are effective, but takes weeks or months to show results.

How effective is treatment for anxiety?
Treatment for anxiety has been shown to be moderately to highly effective, according to a large body of psychology studies and analyses. For some people, treatment using CBT or exposure therapy alone is effective. Others respond best to a combination of medication and therapy.