Counselling in London

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Photo of Kristen Cook, Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Kristen Cook
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
1 Endorsed
London NW10
Sometimes life feels like it’s crumbling a little or a lot. You might look like you’re holding it together on the outside while quietly feeling overwhelmed, disconnected, or pulled in too many directions. Perhaps you’re a young adult searching for direction, a parent supporting a child, or someone carrying more than you let on. You don’t have to hold this alone. I’m a UKCP-registered integrative psychotherapist offering warm, grounded support for children, teens, young adults, adults, parents and carers.
Sometimes life feels like it’s crumbling a little or a lot. You might look like you’re holding it together on the outside while quietly feeling overwhelmed, disconnected, or pulled in too many directions. Perhaps you’re a young adult searching for direction, a parent supporting a child, or someone carrying more than you let on. You don’t have to hold this alone. I’m a UKCP-registered integrative psychotherapist offering warm, grounded support for children, teens, young adults, adults, parents and carers.
020 4572 3671 View 020 4572 3671
Photo of George Stergiou, Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
George Stergiou
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
London EC1V
Not accepting new clients
I am an experienced Psychotherapist and Clinical Supervisor. I provide a confidential and non-judgemental environment within which you can begin to explore and make sense of what is troubling you. Therapy is very much an individual process, so there are no one-size-fits-all answers or solutions. It is about us designing your therapy together to suit your specific needs, and help you work in a way that feels natural to you.
I am an experienced Psychotherapist and Clinical Supervisor. I provide a confidential and non-judgemental environment within which you can begin to explore and make sense of what is troubling you. Therapy is very much an individual process, so there are no one-size-fits-all answers or solutions. It is about us designing your therapy together to suit your specific needs, and help you work in a way that feels natural to you.
020 3974 1285 View 020 3974 1285
Photo of Secil Usta, Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Secil Usta
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
1 Endorsed
London SW1W
Starting therapy can feel daunting, especially if you’ve been holding things in for a while. I offer a warm, encouraging space for adolescents and adults to explore anxiety, low mood, trauma, burnout, and life transitions. Clients often come to me feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or disconnected from themselves. My approach is relational and trauma-informed, integrating talking therapy with creative and body-based techniques. We work together at your pace to uncover what’s going on underneath and gently move toward clarity, emotional ease, and self-trust. You’re welcome here — just as you are.
Starting therapy can feel daunting, especially if you’ve been holding things in for a while. I offer a warm, encouraging space for adolescents and adults to explore anxiety, low mood, trauma, burnout, and life transitions. Clients often come to me feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or disconnected from themselves. My approach is relational and trauma-informed, integrating talking therapy with creative and body-based techniques. We work together at your pace to uncover what’s going on underneath and gently move toward clarity, emotional ease, and self-trust. You’re welcome here — just as you are.
020 4572 4112 View 020 4572 4112
Photo of Iana Trichkova, Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Iana Trichkova
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
London SW9
My approach is built on creating a safe, confidential, and compassionate space for you to explore the issues that trouble you, without fear of judgment or rejection. I believe that therapy is a collaborative process, one that facilitates greater self-understanding, self-acceptance, and more fulfilling relationships with others and with life itself. My aim is to support you in gaining a deeper understanding of yourself and your challenges, helping you move toward healing and positive change. As an Integrative Psychotherapist, I tailor my approach to suit your unique needs and work with you in a way that feels right for you.
My approach is built on creating a safe, confidential, and compassionate space for you to explore the issues that trouble you, without fear of judgment or rejection. I believe that therapy is a collaborative process, one that facilitates greater self-understanding, self-acceptance, and more fulfilling relationships with others and with life itself. My aim is to support you in gaining a deeper understanding of yourself and your challenges, helping you move toward healing and positive change. As an Integrative Psychotherapist, I tailor my approach to suit your unique needs and work with you in a way that feels right for you.
07492 885917 View 07492 885917
Photo of Laura Craster, Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Laura Craster
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
2 Endorsed
London SW8
Hello, I'm Laura, a therapist who works with people who’ve learned to cope by pushing themselves, over thinking or trying to stay in control. Rather than just focusing on symptoms, we’ll look at the bigger picture; the patterns that may have developed over time, the triggers that activate them, and the factors that keep you stuck. In therapy, we focus on building emotional tolerance, managing your inner critic and helping you develop a more compassionate, realistic relationship with yourself.
Hello, I'm Laura, a therapist who works with people who’ve learned to cope by pushing themselves, over thinking or trying to stay in control. Rather than just focusing on symptoms, we’ll look at the bigger picture; the patterns that may have developed over time, the triggers that activate them, and the factors that keep you stuck. In therapy, we focus on building emotional tolerance, managing your inner critic and helping you develop a more compassionate, realistic relationship with yourself.
020 3962 2358 View 020 3962 2358
Photo of Mina Minozzi-Goffin, Psychologist, MSc, GMBPsS
Mina Minozzi-Goffin
Psychologist, MSc, GMBPsS
Online Only
If you’re a parent worried about your child or teenager and unsure how best to support them, you’re not alone. Your child may be struggling with anxiety, emotional outbursts, low confidence, friendship difficulties or school-related stress. If you would like to reduce conflict, help your child feel better understood, more confident and able to cope at home, school and with peers. I offer warm, professional online support for children and teenagers to build emotional understanding and confidence, alongside tailored parent sessions that provide practical strategies to improve connection and enhance family life.
If you’re a parent worried about your child or teenager and unsure how best to support them, you’re not alone. Your child may be struggling with anxiety, emotional outbursts, low confidence, friendship difficulties or school-related stress. If you would like to reduce conflict, help your child feel better understood, more confident and able to cope at home, school and with peers. I offer warm, professional online support for children and teenagers to build emotional understanding and confidence, alongside tailored parent sessions that provide practical strategies to improve connection and enhance family life.
020 3675 0456 View 020 3675 0456
Photo of Agnieszka Golas, Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Agnieszka Golas
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Online Only
February availability. Tired of asking the same questions? Feeling stuck? I can help you find your way forward. With deep understanding and extensive experience in supporting survivors of narcissistic abuse, childhood trauma, attachment wounds, and anxiety, I offer a safe and supportive path to healing. My approach is evidence-based and trauma-informed, grounded in proven psychological techniques. Together, we work to rebuild self-esteem, create healthy boundaries, and strengthen emotional resilience—so you can move from survival toward genuine growth and recovery.
February availability. Tired of asking the same questions? Feeling stuck? I can help you find your way forward. With deep understanding and extensive experience in supporting survivors of narcissistic abuse, childhood trauma, attachment wounds, and anxiety, I offer a safe and supportive path to healing. My approach is evidence-based and trauma-informed, grounded in proven psychological techniques. Together, we work to rebuild self-esteem, create healthy boundaries, and strengthen emotional resilience—so you can move from survival toward genuine growth and recovery.
0113 519 1245 View 0113 519 1245
Photo of Dr Lauren Harrison, Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Lauren Harrison
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
London SE3
I am a registered Clinical Psychologist and my approach to therapy is collaborative, compassionate and non-judgemental to empower clients to overcome emotional difficulties and repetitive patterns that they may be experiencing. I am a believer that individuals have the resilience, skills and knowledge to adjust to all that life brings. Despite this, sometimes professional support may be useful to help you navigate emotional distress and changes. Therapy can be powerful for both client and therapist and I genuinely feel privileged to witness the courage and strength of individuals in their therapy journey.
I am a registered Clinical Psychologist and my approach to therapy is collaborative, compassionate and non-judgemental to empower clients to overcome emotional difficulties and repetitive patterns that they may be experiencing. I am a believer that individuals have the resilience, skills and knowledge to adjust to all that life brings. Despite this, sometimes professional support may be useful to help you navigate emotional distress and changes. Therapy can be powerful for both client and therapist and I genuinely feel privileged to witness the courage and strength of individuals in their therapy journey.
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Photo of David Levy, Counsellor, BACP
David Levy
Counsellor, BACP
London N20
I am a counsellor with a dedicated focus on ADHD and the unique challenges surrounding diagnosis and treatment. My work is informed by my personal experience as someone diagnosed as an adult with combined-type ADHD, which has profoundly enhanced my understanding and ability to connect with clients navigating similar paths. Clients contact me at various stages of their ADHD journey – from discovery, to the emotional impact of diagnosis, to the complexities of reframing one’s past, present, and future. I support clients through the often challenging and lengthy processes of assessment, treatment, and beyond.
I am a counsellor with a dedicated focus on ADHD and the unique challenges surrounding diagnosis and treatment. My work is informed by my personal experience as someone diagnosed as an adult with combined-type ADHD, which has profoundly enhanced my understanding and ability to connect with clients navigating similar paths. Clients contact me at various stages of their ADHD journey – from discovery, to the emotional impact of diagnosis, to the complexities of reframing one’s past, present, and future. I support clients through the often challenging and lengthy processes of assessment, treatment, and beyond.
07400 321617 View 07400 321617
Photo of Georgina Porter, Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Georgina Porter
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
London W1W
Georgina is focused on helping children and adolescents navigate challenges in life by providing support and containment while encouraging exploration of their thoughts and feelings. The integrative model allows Georgina to draw on many different modes of therapy and tailor an approach suitable for each client as an individual. She is trained to use the arts, play and metaphor which can help clients access feelings which may be blocked, and also provides a route for communication and exploration when language is not available.
Georgina is focused on helping children and adolescents navigate challenges in life by providing support and containment while encouraging exploration of their thoughts and feelings. The integrative model allows Georgina to draw on many different modes of therapy and tailor an approach suitable for each client as an individual. She is trained to use the arts, play and metaphor which can help clients access feelings which may be blocked, and also provides a route for communication and exploration when language is not available.
020 4572 1604 View 020 4572 1604
Photo of Thomas Yap, Psychotherapist, MA, BPC
Thomas Yap
Psychotherapist, MA, BPC
London EC2V
I offer psychoanalytic psychotherapy for people who want to understand themselves more deeply and make lasting changes, rather than seeking a quick fix to a particular problem. If you have had short term therapies (e.g. CBT, DBT etc), found relief from your symptoms but feel unsatisfied because you know the deeper underlying issues remain unaddressed, then I can be of help to you. The psychoanalytic work I do is careful, gradual and in-depth. It unfolds over time and takes place in person at my consulting room, providing a stable and confidential setting in which difficult thoughts and feelings can be explored.
I offer psychoanalytic psychotherapy for people who want to understand themselves more deeply and make lasting changes, rather than seeking a quick fix to a particular problem. If you have had short term therapies (e.g. CBT, DBT etc), found relief from your symptoms but feel unsatisfied because you know the deeper underlying issues remain unaddressed, then I can be of help to you. The psychoanalytic work I do is careful, gradual and in-depth. It unfolds over time and takes place in person at my consulting room, providing a stable and confidential setting in which difficult thoughts and feelings can be explored.
020 4634 8561 View 020 4634 8561
Photo of Bettina Salzmann - Bettina Salzmann CBT Therapist, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Bettina Salzmann CBT Therapist
Psychotherapist, MBACP
London SW14
I am an experienced CBT therapist and integrative counsellor/psychotherapist working in private practice for Anxiety, Trauma, Personality Disorder using DBT, Depression. I use mindfulness with my clients to help them to become more aware of the present moment and in acknowledging feelings and thoughts as they come and go.It’s been accepted as a useful therapy for anxiety and depression for years, and research suggests it's effective when practising reflection on yourself, switching off your auto pilot in order to discover your real feelings, and this can have an positive influence on our well being.
I am an experienced CBT therapist and integrative counsellor/psychotherapist working in private practice for Anxiety, Trauma, Personality Disorder using DBT, Depression. I use mindfulness with my clients to help them to become more aware of the present moment and in acknowledging feelings and thoughts as they come and go.It’s been accepted as a useful therapy for anxiety and depression for years, and research suggests it's effective when practising reflection on yourself, switching off your auto pilot in order to discover your real feelings, and this can have an positive influence on our well being.
01748 900742 View 01748 900742
Photo of Dr Olivia Williams, Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Olivia Williams
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
London E18
I am a Perinatal Clinical Psychologist, with over 12 years experience working in mental health services in the NHS and 4 years working in private practice. I specialise in supporting people in their perinatal journeys. I currently co-lead a parent- infant psychology service in the NHS. I have worked across a range of perinatal contexts including as an Highly Specialist Clinical Psychologist in birth trauma services offering support to those affected by birth trauma and baby loss. I have considerable experience supporting people impacted by trauma and experiencing PTSD.
I am a Perinatal Clinical Psychologist, with over 12 years experience working in mental health services in the NHS and 4 years working in private practice. I specialise in supporting people in their perinatal journeys. I currently co-lead a parent- infant psychology service in the NHS. I have worked across a range of perinatal contexts including as an Highly Specialist Clinical Psychologist in birth trauma services offering support to those affected by birth trauma and baby loss. I have considerable experience supporting people impacted by trauma and experiencing PTSD.
020 4572 7582 View 020 4572 7582
Photo of Marianne Rabassa, Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Marianne Rabassa
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
1 Endorsed
London SE1
Hello, I am a counselling psychologist with 15+ years experience offering therapy in the NHS and private practice in London Bridge and Angel, Islington. I work from the premise that we are all humans trying to make sense of the world and our internal experiences. Life events and experiences can leave us feeling overwhelmed and confused. Therapy can support you to make sense of what you have been through as well as develop coping strategies to move towards your life goals.
Hello, I am a counselling psychologist with 15+ years experience offering therapy in the NHS and private practice in London Bridge and Angel, Islington. I work from the premise that we are all humans trying to make sense of the world and our internal experiences. Life events and experiences can leave us feeling overwhelmed and confused. Therapy can support you to make sense of what you have been through as well as develop coping strategies to move towards your life goals.
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Photo of Yvette Arthur, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Yvette Arthur
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Online Only
You have already made a brave and important step on the journey to well-being and self-discovery, by enquiring about having therapy. As a Clinical Psychologist, I am passionate about helping people to realise the values, knowledge, and skills that they already hold, and how the awareness of this can enable them to live full, vibrant and satisfying lives. I believe that it is important to learn skills to help people cope with the present and the future, as well as making sense of past experiences to understand patterns that are happening in your life currently.
You have already made a brave and important step on the journey to well-being and self-discovery, by enquiring about having therapy. As a Clinical Psychologist, I am passionate about helping people to realise the values, knowledge, and skills that they already hold, and how the awareness of this can enable them to live full, vibrant and satisfying lives. I believe that it is important to learn skills to help people cope with the present and the future, as well as making sense of past experiences to understand patterns that are happening in your life currently.
020 3984 7647 View 020 3984 7647
Photo of Wajeeha Amin, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Wajeeha Amin
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
London E18
Working as a professional therapist and relationship coach has taught me a lot about how we can all live happier lives – at home, in our jobs, and through meaningful, fulfilling relationships. It has always fascinated me how our minds can both help us and harm us. It’s made me spend my life learning about what drives us, what we crave vs. what we need to be happy, what it is that holds us back. It’s made me train in therapies that help people discover these secrets for themselves.
Working as a professional therapist and relationship coach has taught me a lot about how we can all live happier lives – at home, in our jobs, and through meaningful, fulfilling relationships. It has always fascinated me how our minds can both help us and harm us. It’s made me spend my life learning about what drives us, what we crave vs. what we need to be happy, what it is that holds us back. It’s made me train in therapies that help people discover these secrets for themselves.
020 4538 4718 View 020 4538 4718
Photo of Dr Erika Annabelle Pratte, Psychologist, PhD, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Dr Erika Annabelle Pratte
Psychologist, PhD, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Online Only
My primary specialities are ADHD & autism diagnostic assessments. I also offer therapy & diagnosis of mental disorders. My approach to psychological wellbeing focuses on the whole person & is tailored to you. I work with people of all ages with many concerns, ranging from existential, relationship, confidence, all the way to psychological conditions such as OCD & different types of depression. I see clients primarily online, but also in Central London, & West Hampstead. I can also come to you. Contact me via email or phone to learn more about how we can work together to actualize your goals.
My primary specialities are ADHD & autism diagnostic assessments. I also offer therapy & diagnosis of mental disorders. My approach to psychological wellbeing focuses on the whole person & is tailored to you. I work with people of all ages with many concerns, ranging from existential, relationship, confidence, all the way to psychological conditions such as OCD & different types of depression. I see clients primarily online, but also in Central London, & West Hampstead. I can also come to you. Contact me via email or phone to learn more about how we can work together to actualize your goals.
020 4538 3005 View 020 4538 3005
Photo of Chiara Apicella, Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Chiara Apicella
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
London WC1X
I am a UKCP accredited Relational Transactional Analysis Psychotherapist. My approach is relational, which is an efficacious and powerful model of working with individuals who struggle with psychological, emotional and relational distress. Relationships are at the very heart of what it is to be human and a specific pattern of relating might be the roots of psychological distress. In the first sessions, we can explore what are your difficulties and together according to your needs we can create a specific treatment plan.
I am a UKCP accredited Relational Transactional Analysis Psychotherapist. My approach is relational, which is an efficacious and powerful model of working with individuals who struggle with psychological, emotional and relational distress. Relationships are at the very heart of what it is to be human and a specific pattern of relating might be the roots of psychological distress. In the first sessions, we can explore what are your difficulties and together according to your needs we can create a specific treatment plan.
020 3984 7861 View 020 3984 7861
Photo of Nujoji Calvocoressi, Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Nujoji Calvocoressi
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
London EC2R
Feeling lost or confused during emotional challenges, such as the end of a relationship, family issues, major life changes, or being overwhelmed by past events, is completely natural. If you’re dealing with anxiety, depression, or low self-esteem, you are not alone. These are common human experiences that many of us face. Psychotherapy offers a calm, non-judgemental space to reflect, explore, and address the challenges in your life.
Feeling lost or confused during emotional challenges, such as the end of a relationship, family issues, major life changes, or being overwhelmed by past events, is completely natural. If you’re dealing with anxiety, depression, or low self-esteem, you are not alone. These are common human experiences that many of us face. Psychotherapy offers a calm, non-judgemental space to reflect, explore, and address the challenges in your life.
020 3856 3166 View 020 3856 3166
Photo of James Armstrong, Psychologist, PhD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
James Armstrong
Psychologist, PhD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Online Only
I work with adults who appear to be coping on the outside but feel stuck underneath. You may be managing work and responsibilities while struggling with issues such as self-doubt, shame, worry and low motivation. You may be feeling stuck. As an accredited Clinical Psychologist, we begin by building a clear understanding of the problems you are experience and what are keeping them going. We then work collaboratively, step by step, to address these patterns. My approach is grounded in psychological theory and shaped by my experience of helping adults from diverse backgrounds. Our work stays focused on what matters most to you.
I work with adults who appear to be coping on the outside but feel stuck underneath. You may be managing work and responsibilities while struggling with issues such as self-doubt, shame, worry and low motivation. You may be feeling stuck. As an accredited Clinical Psychologist, we begin by building a clear understanding of the problems you are experience and what are keeping them going. We then work collaboratively, step by step, to address these patterns. My approach is grounded in psychological theory and shaped by my experience of helping adults from diverse backgrounds. Our work stays focused on what matters most to you.
020 4538 1836 View 020 4538 1836

See more therapy options for London

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in London

3,000+

Average cost per session

£80

Counsellors in London who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
85% Depression
82% Self Esteem
79% Relationship Issues
76% Stress
67% Trauma and PTSD
60% Bereavement

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

72% Aviva
66% AXA PPP
57% Vitality

How Counsellors in London see their clients

74% In Person and Online
26% Online Only

Gender breakdown

74% Female
25% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in London?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.