Counselling in London

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Photo of Cesar Bueno, Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Cesar Bueno
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Clients often come to therapy struggling with overwhelming emotions—whether related to loved ones or life events. Relying on coping strategies or defenses can create a sense of rigidity, leaving you feeling stuck and disconnected from what matters most. Emotions are our GPS and also the glue that bonds us with one another, thus their importance to navigate through life.
Clients often come to therapy struggling with overwhelming emotions—whether related to loved ones or life events. Relying on coping strategies or defenses can create a sense of rigidity, leaving you feeling stuck and disconnected from what matters most. Emotions are our GPS and also the glue that bonds us with one another, thus their importance to navigate through life.
020 7046 1918 View 020 7046 1918
Photo of Yvette Arthur, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Yvette Arthur
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Online Only
You have already made a brave and important step on the journey to well-being and self-discovery, by enquiring about having therapy. As a Clinical Psychologist, I am passionate about helping people to realise the values, knowledge, and skills that they already hold, and how the awareness of this can enable them to live full, vibrant and satisfying lives. I believe that it is important to learn skills to help people cope with the present and the future, as well as making sense of past experiences to understand patterns that are happening in your life currently.
You have already made a brave and important step on the journey to well-being and self-discovery, by enquiring about having therapy. As a Clinical Psychologist, I am passionate about helping people to realise the values, knowledge, and skills that they already hold, and how the awareness of this can enable them to live full, vibrant and satisfying lives. I believe that it is important to learn skills to help people cope with the present and the future, as well as making sense of past experiences to understand patterns that are happening in your life currently.
020 3984 7647 View 020 3984 7647
Photo of Sepideh Cheraghi, Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Sepideh Cheraghi
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
London W8
My approach is influenced by 8 years of clinical training and practice and over 10 years of cross-cultural experience in Europe and the Middle East. I am experienced in working with many issues including anxiety, depression, relationships, trauma, and supporting people from diverse cultural and ethnic backgrounds. I place importance on exploring the root cause of emotional pain and behaviour and providing a safe space to explore the complexity behind the issues, causing your difficulties. I help you with reaching your full potential and working towards promoting a self that is more confident and empowered.
My approach is influenced by 8 years of clinical training and practice and over 10 years of cross-cultural experience in Europe and the Middle East. I am experienced in working with many issues including anxiety, depression, relationships, trauma, and supporting people from diverse cultural and ethnic backgrounds. I place importance on exploring the root cause of emotional pain and behaviour and providing a safe space to explore the complexity behind the issues, causing your difficulties. I help you with reaching your full potential and working towards promoting a self that is more confident and empowered.
020 4572 5319 View 020 4572 5319
Photo of Yanni Spiro - Central London Relationship Therapy , Psychotherapist, MBACP
Central London Relationship Therapy
Psychotherapist, MBACP
London W1W
Central London Relationship Therapy (CLRT) understands that every relationship is unique and can face its own challenges. Our team of experienced therapists is dedicated to providing a safe and empathetic space where you can explore your difficulties, improve communication, and develop deeper, more authentic connections. At CLRT, we tailor our therapeutic approaches to meet your specific needs. With over a decade of experience across various areas, our therapists are here to help you navigate your journey with compassion and understanding, empowering you to build the fulfilling relationship you desire.
Central London Relationship Therapy (CLRT) understands that every relationship is unique and can face its own challenges. Our team of experienced therapists is dedicated to providing a safe and empathetic space where you can explore your difficulties, improve communication, and develop deeper, more authentic connections. At CLRT, we tailor our therapeutic approaches to meet your specific needs. With over a decade of experience across various areas, our therapists are here to help you navigate your journey with compassion and understanding, empowering you to build the fulfilling relationship you desire.
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Photo of Francesca Lassman - a time and space, Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
a time and space
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
London E8
we are a group of highly specialist clinical psychologists who can support you in navigating a range of challenges, including low mood, anxiety, burnout and stress, bereavement, loss, fertility issues, difficulties relating to gender and sexuality, parenting challenges, relationship difficulties, the effects of traumatic experiences and living with health conditions and new diagnoses. we will help you connect with the knowledges, skills and experiences held in your body, mind and community, to better understand your difficulties and find preferred paths for living your life.
we are a group of highly specialist clinical psychologists who can support you in navigating a range of challenges, including low mood, anxiety, burnout and stress, bereavement, loss, fertility issues, difficulties relating to gender and sexuality, parenting challenges, relationship difficulties, the effects of traumatic experiences and living with health conditions and new diagnoses. we will help you connect with the knowledges, skills and experiences held in your body, mind and community, to better understand your difficulties and find preferred paths for living your life.
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Photo of Sonia Di Gennaro, Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Sonia Di Gennaro
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Online Only
Welcome! I think you arrived here because something is not going in the way you want in your life. You may need to speak with somebody about the difficulties you are experiencing and find a simple way to help and support yourself. Perhaps I can help? I offer a warm, confidential and nonjudgmental space where you can talk about anything that is troubling you or about things you might feel uncomfortable talking about with other people. I conduct therapy sessions in English, Italian and Spanish.
Welcome! I think you arrived here because something is not going in the way you want in your life. You may need to speak with somebody about the difficulties you are experiencing and find a simple way to help and support yourself. Perhaps I can help? I offer a warm, confidential and nonjudgmental space where you can talk about anything that is troubling you or about things you might feel uncomfortable talking about with other people. I conduct therapy sessions in English, Italian and Spanish.
020 4634 1220 View 020 4634 1220
Photo of Beata Wierzbicka, Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Beata Wierzbicka
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
1 Endorsed
London W5
I am a humanistic psychotherapist who offers supportive therapy, helping to resolve emotional difficulties and struggles in your life, and enabling you to live the life you want to live. I work with your individual life experiences, utilising your personal strengths and unique identity to enable personal growth and emotional well-being. In all cases, my aim is to enhance your quality of life through self-fulfilment and personal development. I work with adult individuals and couples, offering both short-term counselling and longer-term, open-ended therapy. As well as seeing people in private practice, I work extensively in the NHS.
I am a humanistic psychotherapist who offers supportive therapy, helping to resolve emotional difficulties and struggles in your life, and enabling you to live the life you want to live. I work with your individual life experiences, utilising your personal strengths and unique identity to enable personal growth and emotional well-being. In all cases, my aim is to enhance your quality of life through self-fulfilment and personal development. I work with adult individuals and couples, offering both short-term counselling and longer-term, open-ended therapy. As well as seeing people in private practice, I work extensively in the NHS.
020 4538 0211 View 020 4538 0211
Photo of Stella Acquarone, Psychotherapist, PhD, MUKCP
Stella Acquarone
Psychotherapist, PhD, MUKCP
London NW3
Helping children with early symptoms of the autistic spectrum has been my life’s work. My goal as the Principal of the Parent-Infant Clinic and of the School of Infant Mental Health in London is to help parents and professionals identify the early signs in autistic spectrum, for it is in these early stages, which can be seen as early as 3 months, when the greatest results can be achieved. I am a practicing adult and child psychotherapist, having worked in the National Health Service and privately for 32 years on detecting early signs in the autistic spectrum and providing early treatment to children and adults.
Helping children with early symptoms of the autistic spectrum has been my life’s work. My goal as the Principal of the Parent-Infant Clinic and of the School of Infant Mental Health in London is to help parents and professionals identify the early signs in autistic spectrum, for it is in these early stages, which can be seen as early as 3 months, when the greatest results can be achieved. I am a practicing adult and child psychotherapist, having worked in the National Health Service and privately for 32 years on detecting early signs in the autistic spectrum and providing early treatment to children and adults.
020 3856 4158 View 020 3856 4158
Photo of Nichola Williams, Counsellor, MBACP
Nichola Williams
Counsellor, MBACP
2 Endorsed
London SE16
Past challenges and traumatic experiences can sometimes create barriers that prevent us from fully embracing and enjoying the present. If you're an adult looking for a safe, supportive space to work through childhood or adolescent trauma, domestic or sexual abuse, or any other personal difficulties, I encourage you to reach out. I offer weekly in-person and online therapy sessions at my practice in Bermondsey, South London, where we can work together to navigate your healing journey.
Past challenges and traumatic experiences can sometimes create barriers that prevent us from fully embracing and enjoying the present. If you're an adult looking for a safe, supportive space to work through childhood or adolescent trauma, domestic or sexual abuse, or any other personal difficulties, I encourage you to reach out. I offer weekly in-person and online therapy sessions at my practice in Bermondsey, South London, where we can work together to navigate your healing journey.
020 3947 9624 View 020 3947 9624
Photo of Elizabeth Noble, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Elizabeth Noble
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
London SE15
I’m Elizabeth, a psychotherapeutic counsellor, supervisor and coach based at Caya Therapy in Peckham, and in New Cross, South East London. Counselling is a consistent, supportive relationship where you can choose to share experiences, questions and conversations that are important to you. Counselling is dedicated time for you. It offers a chance for you to connect with a trustworthy person, who is focussed on you, and the things you want to attend to. I'm trained in the person-centred approach to counselling. This means that I believe human beings tend to do the best we can with the resources we have.
I’m Elizabeth, a psychotherapeutic counsellor, supervisor and coach based at Caya Therapy in Peckham, and in New Cross, South East London. Counselling is a consistent, supportive relationship where you can choose to share experiences, questions and conversations that are important to you. Counselling is dedicated time for you. It offers a chance for you to connect with a trustworthy person, who is focussed on you, and the things you want to attend to. I'm trained in the person-centred approach to counselling. This means that I believe human beings tend to do the best we can with the resources we have.
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Photo of Carolina Rosa Astudillo, Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Carolina Rosa Astudillo
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
London EC1V
This might be a time when you’re going through life’s ups and downs, or personal challenges. You could be feeling that something is stuck or missing, or that things could be better. Or maybe you want to explore and reflect on experiences or aspects of your life. It's all natural and part of being human. Know that I understand those experiences deeply, and I can relate to the feelings of being stuck or in search of something more fulfilling. Therapy provides that unique space, focusing entirely on you, your growth, your well-being, and your journey.
This might be a time when you’re going through life’s ups and downs, or personal challenges. You could be feeling that something is stuck or missing, or that things could be better. Or maybe you want to explore and reflect on experiences or aspects of your life. It's all natural and part of being human. Know that I understand those experiences deeply, and I can relate to the feelings of being stuck or in search of something more fulfilling. Therapy provides that unique space, focusing entirely on you, your growth, your well-being, and your journey.
020 4572 0252 View 020 4572 0252
Photo of Abi Symons, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Abi Symons
Psychotherapist, MBACP
London N13
We all experience painful moments or uncertainty in life - it is part of being human. In our sessions you can have the time and space to explore your needs, challenges and circumstances without judgment. I'll listen to you and work with what you need to be able to get a better, deeper understanding of yourself, your patterns of behaviour and how they affect your relationships with others. I offer confidentiality, empathy and time for you to explore what you need. Examples of issues I've worked with are loneliness, addiction, depression, anxiety, relationship problems, family dynamics, childhood trauma including sexual abuse.
We all experience painful moments or uncertainty in life - it is part of being human. In our sessions you can have the time and space to explore your needs, challenges and circumstances without judgment. I'll listen to you and work with what you need to be able to get a better, deeper understanding of yourself, your patterns of behaviour and how they affect your relationships with others. I offer confidentiality, empathy and time for you to explore what you need. Examples of issues I've worked with are loneliness, addiction, depression, anxiety, relationship problems, family dynamics, childhood trauma including sexual abuse.
020 4538 7159 View 020 4538 7159
Photo of Diane Metta, Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
Diane Metta
Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
Online Only
'Our minds are born, develop and continue to live in our relationships' I am an integrative psychotherapist offering individual and couple therapy online. I draw from various psychological concepts and theories in my therapeutic practice to work with your individual needs. However I believe the foundation for lasting positive change happens ultimately within the good collaboration between the client and the therapist. 'If we want to know ourselves better we have to pay attention to our relationships'
'Our minds are born, develop and continue to live in our relationships' I am an integrative psychotherapist offering individual and couple therapy online. I draw from various psychological concepts and theories in my therapeutic practice to work with your individual needs. However I believe the foundation for lasting positive change happens ultimately within the good collaboration between the client and the therapist. 'If we want to know ourselves better we have to pay attention to our relationships'
020 3984 8019 View 020 3984 8019
Photo of Incilay Karahasan, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Incilay Karahasan
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
London SE10
Even if everything seems fine from the outside, do you sometimes feel restless, anxious, or exhausted? Sleepless nights, overwhelming emotions, sudden anger, or feeling stuck in unhealthy cycles are often reflections of past experiences showing up in the present. Many of the clients I work with don’t always call what they’ve been through “trauma,” yet they describe feeling its effects every single day. Have you ever stopped at some point in your life and asked yourself, “Do I have to keep going like this?”
Even if everything seems fine from the outside, do you sometimes feel restless, anxious, or exhausted? Sleepless nights, overwhelming emotions, sudden anger, or feeling stuck in unhealthy cycles are often reflections of past experiences showing up in the present. Many of the clients I work with don’t always call what they’ve been through “trauma,” yet they describe feeling its effects every single day. Have you ever stopped at some point in your life and asked yourself, “Do I have to keep going like this?”
020 4572 3952 View 020 4572 3952
Photo of Dr Denise Borbolla, Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Dr Denise Borbolla
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
1 Endorsed
London SW19
I am a qualified Counselling Psychologist offering therapy to older adolescents and adults. I am trained to a Doctoral level, which means that I provide evidence-based therapy using different therapeutic models and have several years of supervised training across different healthcare sectors. I have worked in the public health sector for several years (GP, NHS and local authority), where I met with individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, chronic health difficulties, low self-esteem, trauma, and neurodiversity-related challenges. I currently work in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) in London.
I am a qualified Counselling Psychologist offering therapy to older adolescents and adults. I am trained to a Doctoral level, which means that I provide evidence-based therapy using different therapeutic models and have several years of supervised training across different healthcare sectors. I have worked in the public health sector for several years (GP, NHS and local authority), where I met with individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, chronic health difficulties, low self-esteem, trauma, and neurodiversity-related challenges. I currently work in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) in London.
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Photo of Yafit Nahari, Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
Yafit Nahari
Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
London N10
I am a relationship-focused therapist working with couples, individuals, and parents. By understanding our attachment style and gaining insight into how we offer and receive connection, we can grow and form meaningful relationships with our beloveds. At the heart of my couples therapy work is IMAGO Relationship therapy. Imago Relationship Therapy helps couples to identify their core needs and triggers and to communicate them to their partner in a non-confrontational and constructive way. I also integrate Terry Real's Relational Life Therapy (RLT).
I am a relationship-focused therapist working with couples, individuals, and parents. By understanding our attachment style and gaining insight into how we offer and receive connection, we can grow and form meaningful relationships with our beloveds. At the heart of my couples therapy work is IMAGO Relationship therapy. Imago Relationship Therapy helps couples to identify their core needs and triggers and to communicate them to their partner in a non-confrontational and constructive way. I also integrate Terry Real's Relational Life Therapy (RLT).
020 3675 0170 View 020 3675 0170
Photo of Carly Tawse, Counsellor, MBACP
Carly Tawse
Counsellor, MBACP
London E8
Sometimes life can look “fine” from the outside, but inside it feels very different. You might be coping with anxiety, depression, self-doubt, or the pressure to hold everything together. Maybe you find yourself stuck in patterns such as being hard on yourself, repeating the same conflicts, or struggling to let people get close. Or perhaps you’ve been through something painful and want a safe space to begin making sense of it. I offer a space where you don’t have to have it all figured out. Therapy with me is about slowing down, exploring what’s underneath the surface, and finding new ways of relating to yourself and others.
Sometimes life can look “fine” from the outside, but inside it feels very different. You might be coping with anxiety, depression, self-doubt, or the pressure to hold everything together. Maybe you find yourself stuck in patterns such as being hard on yourself, repeating the same conflicts, or struggling to let people get close. Or perhaps you’ve been through something painful and want a safe space to begin making sense of it. I offer a space where you don’t have to have it all figured out. Therapy with me is about slowing down, exploring what’s underneath the surface, and finding new ways of relating to yourself and others.
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Photo of Anna Orzech, Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Anna Orzech
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
London SE10
As a UKCP-registered Gestalt psychotherapist and specialist in couples & relationships therapy, I believe that a decision to start therapy is a powerful one, creating time and space for deep attention and awareness in relationship with a trusted professional. It is a commitment to start living differently with your own experiences and to build sustainable change. So often in daily life we lack the opportunity to go deeper and dare to know what we know, feel what we feel, and want what we want. The support and challenge I offer in therapy creates precisely this opportunity.
As a UKCP-registered Gestalt psychotherapist and specialist in couples & relationships therapy, I believe that a decision to start therapy is a powerful one, creating time and space for deep attention and awareness in relationship with a trusted professional. It is a commitment to start living differently with your own experiences and to build sustainable change. So often in daily life we lack the opportunity to go deeper and dare to know what we know, feel what we feel, and want what we want. The support and challenge I offer in therapy creates precisely this opportunity.
020 4538 4224 View 020 4538 4224
Photo of Shannon Talbot, Psychotherapist, COSRT General
Shannon Talbot
Psychotherapist, COSRT General
London E1
Anxiety around intimacy, relationships, or sexual concerns is incredibly common, and the overarching impact that these issues can have on your health and happiness is often underestimated and undervalued. Forming meaningful and honest connections with people including yourself, and feeling empowered to truly accept and project how you feel, good and bad, is challenging with sex and relationships being no exception. Shedding light on the unconscious and bringing new perspectives to your world can be the seed from which healing and personal development grow.
Anxiety around intimacy, relationships, or sexual concerns is incredibly common, and the overarching impact that these issues can have on your health and happiness is often underestimated and undervalued. Forming meaningful and honest connections with people including yourself, and feeling empowered to truly accept and project how you feel, good and bad, is challenging with sex and relationships being no exception. Shedding light on the unconscious and bringing new perspectives to your world can be the seed from which healing and personal development grow.
020 3994 2120 View 020 3994 2120
Photo of Paul Melody - Paul Melody Psychotherapy, Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Paul Melody Psychotherapy
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
London EC1V
I am a psychotherapist offering therapy sessions for adults from my private practice in Islington, Central London (EC1V). My approach allows clients to engage in either short-term therapy (up to 12 weeks) or longer-term work, with sessions available both face-to-face and online. Therapy presents a unique opportunity to pause from the distractions of everyday life, grapple with emotional challenges, and reflect on what truly matters to you. Through this exploration, clients can gain clarity and awareness, which may offer the possibility for change.
I am a psychotherapist offering therapy sessions for adults from my private practice in Islington, Central London (EC1V). My approach allows clients to engage in either short-term therapy (up to 12 weeks) or longer-term work, with sessions available both face-to-face and online. Therapy presents a unique opportunity to pause from the distractions of everyday life, grapple with emotional challenges, and reflect on what truly matters to you. Through this exploration, clients can gain clarity and awareness, which may offer the possibility for change.
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See more therapy options for London

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in London

3,000+

Average cost per session

£78

Counsellors in London who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
85% Depression
83% Self Esteem
80% Relationship Issues
77% Stress
66% Trauma and PTSD
61% Bereavement

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

70% Aviva
65% AXA PPP
55% Vitality

How Counsellors in London see their clients

74% In Person and Online
26% Online Only

Gender breakdown

74% Female
25% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in London?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.