Counselling in London

Annique Clopon
Psychologist, PsychD, CPsychol
Online Only
Dr. Annique Clopon is a Chartered Psychologist, has doctoral training in specialist methods of therapy, advancing in Cogntive Behavioural Therapy, (CBT) whilst adopting a person centred approach. Dr. Annique Clopon is further trained in Schema therapy, Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Compassion Focused Therapy. She has doctoral training and in specialist methods of therapy for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) with (EDMR), Schema therapy training experience. Dr. Annique Clopon's practice is based around positive psychological principles to support people to be the best they can be.
Dr. Annique Clopon is a Chartered Psychologist, has doctoral training in specialist methods of therapy, advancing in Cogntive Behavioural Therapy, (CBT) whilst adopting a person centred approach. Dr. Annique Clopon is further trained in Schema therapy, Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Compassion Focused Therapy. She has doctoral training and in specialist methods of therapy for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) with (EDMR), Schema therapy training experience. Dr. Annique Clopon's practice is based around positive psychological principles to support people to be the best they can be.
020 4538 1854 x44 View 020 4538 1854 x44
Paul McManus
Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, MUKCP
London SW1V
Most of us go to school and get taught how to read and write and add up. We may learn how to play a few sports, pass exams and either get a job or get into university. But no one teaches us how to be in relationship. We have to learn that ourselves, and we do it, as children, by watching our parents or TV shows. Very often, our parents aren't that good at it, and characters in TV shows are there to make an interesting story, not a successful relationship. Is it any wonder that when we do find ourselves in relationship (which in reality is the most complicated thing any of us will ever attempt), things get difficult?
Most of us go to school and get taught how to read and write and add up. We may learn how to play a few sports, pass exams and either get a job or get into university. But no one teaches us how to be in relationship. We have to learn that ourselves, and we do it, as children, by watching our parents or TV shows. Very often, our parents aren't that good at it, and characters in TV shows are there to make an interesting story, not a successful relationship. Is it any wonder that when we do find ourselves in relationship (which in reality is the most complicated thing any of us will ever attempt), things get difficult?
020 4538 3051 View 020 4538 3051
Dr Cristian A Nica
Psychologist, MSc, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
London W2
The loss avoidance game becomes a finite cycle, where the pursuit of pleasure "always" wins. I am an HCPC-registered psychologist, CBT psychotherapist, supervisor, and author. My goal is to help you build a strong foundation and develop the skills needed to keep life within reach. Providing CBT interventions, including third-wave approaches: ACT, DBT, and Schema Therapy. Certified in clinical, counselling, health, and occupational psychology. Progress requires change, rehearsing new ways of thinking or applying meaningful strategies that support your development safely. The result: a genuine approach for a better way forward.
The loss avoidance game becomes a finite cycle, where the pursuit of pleasure "always" wins. I am an HCPC-registered psychologist, CBT psychotherapist, supervisor, and author. My goal is to help you build a strong foundation and develop the skills needed to keep life within reach. Providing CBT interventions, including third-wave approaches: ACT, DBT, and Schema Therapy. Certified in clinical, counselling, health, and occupational psychology. Progress requires change, rehearsing new ways of thinking or applying meaningful strategies that support your development safely. The result: a genuine approach for a better way forward.
020 4572 2658 View 020 4572 2658
Dr Khodayar Shahriyarmolki
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
I am a Clinical Psychologist specialising primarily in the psychological treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), as well as health anxiety and body-focused repetitive behaviours (BFRBs) such as skin-picking and hair-pulling. I previously worked as a specialist at the Centre for Anxiety Disorders and Trauma (CADAT) at the Maudsley Hospital in London between 2016 and 2025. CADAT is an NHS national specialist treatment centre for OCD, BDD and other anxiety-related problems.
I am a Clinical Psychologist specialising primarily in the psychological treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), as well as health anxiety and body-focused repetitive behaviours (BFRBs) such as skin-picking and hair-pulling. I previously worked as a specialist at the Centre for Anxiety Disorders and Trauma (CADAT) at the Maudsley Hospital in London between 2016 and 2025. CADAT is an NHS national specialist treatment centre for OCD, BDD and other anxiety-related problems.
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Sarah Wood
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
London EC1V
I am a UKCP and BACP registered psychotherapist offering relational, attachment-based psychotherapy to adults. My approach is grounded in psychoanalytic and attachment theory, with a focus on how early experiences shape current emotional life and relationships. My aim is to support you in developing greater self-understanding, resilience, and freedom to relate more fully to yourself and others. Whether you’re facing a specific issue or simply a sense that something isn’t quite right, therapy can be a powerful step toward change.
I am a UKCP and BACP registered psychotherapist offering relational, attachment-based psychotherapy to adults. My approach is grounded in psychoanalytic and attachment theory, with a focus on how early experiences shape current emotional life and relationships. My aim is to support you in developing greater self-understanding, resilience, and freedom to relate more fully to yourself and others. Whether you’re facing a specific issue or simply a sense that something isn’t quite right, therapy can be a powerful step toward change.
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Besarta Zogaj
Psychologist, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
London W1J
You are not broken. You may be feeling emotional pain, distress, or psychological strain, but that doesn’t mean you are damaged. These responses often reflect your strength and resilience. What you're experiencing is an emotional build-up, not a breakdown. You might be living with anxiety, depression, grief, low self-worth, or trauma. Over time, you may have built defences to cope and protect yourself. These patterns helped you survive, but they are not your truest self. Healing begins by gently reconnecting with the parts of you that have been hidden, and making space for who you truly are.
You are not broken. You may be feeling emotional pain, distress, or psychological strain, but that doesn’t mean you are damaged. These responses often reflect your strength and resilience. What you're experiencing is an emotional build-up, not a breakdown. You might be living with anxiety, depression, grief, low self-worth, or trauma. Over time, you may have built defences to cope and protect yourself. These patterns helped you survive, but they are not your truest self. Healing begins by gently reconnecting with the parts of you that have been hidden, and making space for who you truly are.
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David I Chalmers
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
London W4
I understand there are many reasons you might be looking for help from psychotherapy or counselling. You may be struggling with a relationship, with your partner, family, or friends, or be unhappy with how you feel about yourself, struggling with low self-esteem, your identity, or your behaviour. Perhaps you’ve suffered the loss of a loved one and are grieving, or you’ve experienced a crisis or some traumatic event at some point in your life that you’re struggling to live with now. Maybe you’re feeling unhappy with where you are in life and need help to find direction and figure out where you want to be.
I understand there are many reasons you might be looking for help from psychotherapy or counselling. You may be struggling with a relationship, with your partner, family, or friends, or be unhappy with how you feel about yourself, struggling with low self-esteem, your identity, or your behaviour. Perhaps you’ve suffered the loss of a loved one and are grieving, or you’ve experienced a crisis or some traumatic event at some point in your life that you’re struggling to live with now. Maybe you’re feeling unhappy with where you are in life and need help to find direction and figure out where you want to be.
020 3835 2621 View 020 3835 2621
Tessa Gunning
Psychotherapist, MSc
London SE24
I specialise in parental and carers mental health and wellbeing. Our own experience of been parented and growing up underpins and influences our confidence, identity, relationships and communication with our families and loved ones. The origins of many mental health challenges are often rooted in our early life experience. I work collaboratively and compassionately, providing space to help you unpack, reflect and understand yourself to help you recover and move forward with your life. Therapy is as much about recognising our strengths and resilience as it is about meeting our needs and caring and nurturing ourselves.
I specialise in parental and carers mental health and wellbeing. Our own experience of been parented and growing up underpins and influences our confidence, identity, relationships and communication with our families and loved ones. The origins of many mental health challenges are often rooted in our early life experience. I work collaboratively and compassionately, providing space to help you unpack, reflect and understand yourself to help you recover and move forward with your life. Therapy is as much about recognising our strengths and resilience as it is about meeting our needs and caring and nurturing ourselves.
020 4634 7993 View 020 4634 7993
Bradley Reback
Counsellor, MBACP
2 Endorsed
London W1W
Therapy for Executives, CEOs, Entrepreneurs & Professionals Under Pressure. When everyone relies on you, who do you talk to? You may be successful, capable and used to carrying responsibility, yet privately struggling with stress, anxiety or burnout. Perhaps you find yourself overthinking, striving for perfection, or struggling to switch off and find a better balance between work and home. I built and sold a multi million pound business, chaired an organisation and oversaw many staff. I understand what it is to carry carry responsibility and sometimes have no one to be completely honest with.
Therapy for Executives, CEOs, Entrepreneurs & Professionals Under Pressure. When everyone relies on you, who do you talk to? You may be successful, capable and used to carrying responsibility, yet privately struggling with stress, anxiety or burnout. Perhaps you find yourself overthinking, striving for perfection, or struggling to switch off and find a better balance between work and home. I built and sold a multi million pound business, chaired an organisation and oversaw many staff. I understand what it is to carry carry responsibility and sometimes have no one to be completely honest with.
020 4634 3085 View 020 4634 3085
Laura Cillo
Psychotherapist, MSc, BACP
London NW10
I am a BACP licensed therapist. I offer a safe and confidential space for both short-term and long-term therapy. I am warm and down-to-earth in my approach, and I aim to provide a therapeutic space whereby you will feel seen, heard and safe to explore. I draw from a variety of theories depending on your needs as an individual, but my focus is on the relationship; it is my belief that this is where the healing can be found.
I am a BACP licensed therapist. I offer a safe and confidential space for both short-term and long-term therapy. I am warm and down-to-earth in my approach, and I aim to provide a therapeutic space whereby you will feel seen, heard and safe to explore. I draw from a variety of theories depending on your needs as an individual, but my focus is on the relationship; it is my belief that this is where the healing can be found.
020 4538 5791 View 020 4538 5791
Jess Queree
Psychotherapist, UKCP Trainee
1 Endorsed
London SE15
People make the choice to start therapy for many reasons: maybe you’ve experienced a loss, are finding it hard to feel in control of your life, or want to better understand who you are. I’ll work with you to build a relationship in which you can learn about how you are in the world and examine patterns and ideas from the past that might need updating for where you find yourself now.
People make the choice to start therapy for many reasons: maybe you’ve experienced a loss, are finding it hard to feel in control of your life, or want to better understand who you are. I’ll work with you to build a relationship in which you can learn about how you are in the world and examine patterns and ideas from the past that might need updating for where you find yourself now.
020 4538 1109 View 020 4538 1109
Talid Khan MA, HCPC – Addiction Therapist London
Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
London W1G
Are you struggling with alcohol or substance use, behavioural addictions, pornography use, or compulsive sexual behaviours that feel increasingly hard to control? I’m Talid Khan, with over a decade of clinical experience, and one of the few clinicians in the UK accredited as an Addiction Therapist, qualified Sex Addiction Therapist, and HCPC-registered Art Psychotherapist. Formerly a Senior Psychotherapist at the Priory Hospital Roehampton, with NHS experience, I provide discreet specialist psychotherapy in Harley Street, St Paul’s, and via secure online sessions across the UK and internationally.
Are you struggling with alcohol or substance use, behavioural addictions, pornography use, or compulsive sexual behaviours that feel increasingly hard to control? I’m Talid Khan, with over a decade of clinical experience, and one of the few clinicians in the UK accredited as an Addiction Therapist, qualified Sex Addiction Therapist, and HCPC-registered Art Psychotherapist. Formerly a Senior Psychotherapist at the Priory Hospital Roehampton, with NHS experience, I provide discreet specialist psychotherapy in Harley Street, St Paul’s, and via secure online sessions across the UK and internationally.
020 4634 0815 View 020 4634 0815
Bruno Condé
Psychotherapist, MBACP
1 Endorsed
London SE22
Allow me to introduce myself: I am a father, a son, a husband, a good friend, a counsellor and psychotherapist. People experience difficulties in all sorts of areas in their lives. These might be personal relationships, situations at work, problems at home, anxiety, low mood, ADHD, ASD, feeling stuck… You name it – I am sure you have yours! If these difficulties are getting on top of you or making you unhappy, it may be helpful to see a therapist. We see a therapist not because we are ‘crazy’, or because there is something wrong with us. We simply seek the support of a professional, who is trained in how our brain works.
Allow me to introduce myself: I am a father, a son, a husband, a good friend, a counsellor and psychotherapist. People experience difficulties in all sorts of areas in their lives. These might be personal relationships, situations at work, problems at home, anxiety, low mood, ADHD, ASD, feeling stuck… You name it – I am sure you have yours! If these difficulties are getting on top of you or making you unhappy, it may be helpful to see a therapist. We see a therapist not because we are ‘crazy’, or because there is something wrong with us. We simply seek the support of a professional, who is trained in how our brain works.
020 3835 4123 View 020 3835 4123
Isabella Cristalli
Counsellor, MSc, UKCP Trainee
London SW5
From childhood, I've been drawn to people's stories, fascinated by diverse cultures and beliefs and this curiosity shaped who I am today. With degrees in psychology and neuroscience, I worked in clinical and research settings across Italy and India. My personal therapy and four years psychotherapy training gave me tools and deepened my passion to better support people in their life's journey. If you're feeling stuck emotionally, in relationships, work or life, I could help. You might be experiencing that some ways of dealing with problems no longer serve you. You may feel the need to be heard and wanting to work things through.
From childhood, I've been drawn to people's stories, fascinated by diverse cultures and beliefs and this curiosity shaped who I am today. With degrees in psychology and neuroscience, I worked in clinical and research settings across Italy and India. My personal therapy and four years psychotherapy training gave me tools and deepened my passion to better support people in their life's journey. If you're feeling stuck emotionally, in relationships, work or life, I could help. You might be experiencing that some ways of dealing with problems no longer serve you. You may feel the need to be heard and wanting to work things through.
020 4538 3014 View 020 4538 3014
Rhona Mercer
Counsellor, MBACP
1 Endorsed
London N16
I'm a humanistic therapist based in Islington and Hackney and have experience of working with people who are suffering from a range of issues, including relationship problems, anxiety, depression, loneliness, low self-esteem, trauma and loss. My approach is integrative, which means I'm able to draw on different types of therapy techniques that suit your individual needs. It can be hard to know how to approach difficulties you may be having and even harder to talk to those closest to you. This is where therapy can be hugely beneficial and I offer a chance for reflection in a warm, non-judgemental and confidential environment.
I'm a humanistic therapist based in Islington and Hackney and have experience of working with people who are suffering from a range of issues, including relationship problems, anxiety, depression, loneliness, low self-esteem, trauma and loss. My approach is integrative, which means I'm able to draw on different types of therapy techniques that suit your individual needs. It can be hard to know how to approach difficulties you may be having and even harder to talk to those closest to you. This is where therapy can be hugely beneficial and I offer a chance for reflection in a warm, non-judgemental and confidential environment.
020 7046 0591 View 020 7046 0591
Caroline Clark
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
London SW18
I am a qualified integrative counsellor and member of the British Association of Counselling and Psychotherapy. I work relationally to support clients explore whatever challenges or difficulties you may be experiencing. I understand that life is challenging and that we go through periods of feeling sad, stuck, lost, unfulfilled or anxious. Working collaboratively, I help clients to bring about their own change bringing different ways of working. This may look like exploring early life attachment styles and history, the impact of ADHD, abuse, relationship issues or challenging negative thought patterns or feelings of anxiety.
I am a qualified integrative counsellor and member of the British Association of Counselling and Psychotherapy. I work relationally to support clients explore whatever challenges or difficulties you may be experiencing. I understand that life is challenging and that we go through periods of feeling sad, stuck, lost, unfulfilled or anxious. Working collaboratively, I help clients to bring about their own change bringing different ways of working. This may look like exploring early life attachment styles and history, the impact of ADHD, abuse, relationship issues or challenging negative thought patterns or feelings of anxiety.
020 4634 4615 View 020 4634 4615
Natasha Alexander
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
2 Endorsed
London EC2R
It may be a life event such as a relationship ending, bereavement or life transitions that has bought you to seek help, a lifelong difficulty, such as panic attacks, social anxiety or OCD. For some, an emotion that is harder to pinpoint or stuck in a rut or just feeling not yourself. Whatever it is, we can explore and make sense of it all helping you to find a way out, We will aim to gain an insight into your experiences to understand, work through and find a better way of managing them. I have extensive experience with helping people through their difficulties including working within the NHS as a therapist and supervisor.
It may be a life event such as a relationship ending, bereavement or life transitions that has bought you to seek help, a lifelong difficulty, such as panic attacks, social anxiety or OCD. For some, an emotion that is harder to pinpoint or stuck in a rut or just feeling not yourself. Whatever it is, we can explore and make sense of it all helping you to find a way out, We will aim to gain an insight into your experiences to understand, work through and find a better way of managing them. I have extensive experience with helping people through their difficulties including working within the NHS as a therapist and supervisor.
020 3835 5641 View 020 3835 5641
Tyler Hatwell
Psychotherapist, MBACP
1 Endorsed
London SE14
I work with adults and adolescents who are, for a variety of reasons, dealing with discomfort throughout their daily lives. This can be internal (who am I? Am I enough? What am I here for?), external or, more often, a messy combination of the above. I work with people like you who are looking for a space to look at what works and doesn't in their lives, finding patterns and using insight to guide real, meaningful change. You might be coming to therapy to cope better, to examine your past experiences or to simply gain insight into yourself. It is what we make it. Outside of Private Practice I teach therapy at 2 training providers.
I work with adults and adolescents who are, for a variety of reasons, dealing with discomfort throughout their daily lives. This can be internal (who am I? Am I enough? What am I here for?), external or, more often, a messy combination of the above. I work with people like you who are looking for a space to look at what works and doesn't in their lives, finding patterns and using insight to guide real, meaningful change. You might be coming to therapy to cope better, to examine your past experiences or to simply gain insight into yourself. It is what we make it. Outside of Private Practice I teach therapy at 2 training providers.
020 3869 5527 View 020 3869 5527
Becky Sarah Burnett
Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
London W11
Waitlist for new clients
I've worked for six years supporting people suffering with eating disorders, body image issues, anxiety, depression and various addictions. My extensive experience has shown me that these symptoms are often a response to distressing or painful situations which can come from all areas of life, perhaps difficult relationships, grief or troubling events. I strive to meet all my clients with unconditional positive regard, with compassion and empathy. I work alongside my clients to nurture a space where they feel they can bring all of themselves, and meet even the most painful or shamed parts without judgment or criticism.
I've worked for six years supporting people suffering with eating disorders, body image issues, anxiety, depression and various addictions. My extensive experience has shown me that these symptoms are often a response to distressing or painful situations which can come from all areas of life, perhaps difficult relationships, grief or troubling events. I strive to meet all my clients with unconditional positive regard, with compassion and empathy. I work alongside my clients to nurture a space where they feel they can bring all of themselves, and meet even the most painful or shamed parts without judgment or criticism.
020 3984 8731 View 020 3984 8731
Brigid Morris
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
1 Endorsed
London N1
You might be experiencing difficulties at work, in your relationships or in your relationship with yourself. You may be looking for a safe space to explore difficult thoughts and feelings, or significant events and experiences in your life. You perhaps are feeling ill at ease, or lost, not knowing who to turn to or what to do next. Psychotherapy can provide a helpful space in which to work this through.
You might be experiencing difficulties at work, in your relationships or in your relationship with yourself. You may be looking for a safe space to explore difficult thoughts and feelings, or significant events and experiences in your life. You perhaps are feeling ill at ease, or lost, not knowing who to turn to or what to do next. Psychotherapy can provide a helpful space in which to work this through.
020 4524 5614 View 020 4524 5614

See more therapy options for London

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in London

3,000+

Average cost per session

£79

Counsellors in London who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
84% Depression
82% Self Esteem
79% Relationship Issues
76% Stress
67% Trauma and PTSD
67% Complex PTSD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

73% Aviva
65% AXA PPP
58% WPA

How Counsellors in London see their clients

76% In Person and Online
24% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
24% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in London?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.