Counselling in London

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Photo of Ciro Cambuli, Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP Accred
Ciro Cambuli
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Online Only
Do you feel stressed, anxious or overwhelmed by what is happening to you? Counselling & psychotherapy doesn’t have to be a last resort attempt at making sense of what is happening in your life, it can also be a great tool for personal development and growth.
Do you feel stressed, anxious or overwhelmed by what is happening to you? Counselling & psychotherapy doesn’t have to be a last resort attempt at making sense of what is happening in your life, it can also be a great tool for personal development and growth.
07919 103582 View 07919 103582
Photo of Collin Browne, Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Collin Browne
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Online Only
The therapy hour is a time for someone to simply be who they are, an experience that is surprisingly difficult to have in a world filled with harsh demands, expectations, and at times tragedies. Often the people I work with have found themselves stuck in difficult patterns of feeling, thought and behavior that they find to be out of their control, preventing this experience of simply being themselves. We use words like anxiety, depression, and disorder to describe these patterns. As a therapist my aim is to help introduce a greater sense of freedom and control over one’s own life within a space where moral judgments have no place.
The therapy hour is a time for someone to simply be who they are, an experience that is surprisingly difficult to have in a world filled with harsh demands, expectations, and at times tragedies. Often the people I work with have found themselves stuck in difficult patterns of feeling, thought and behavior that they find to be out of their control, preventing this experience of simply being themselves. We use words like anxiety, depression, and disorder to describe these patterns. As a therapist my aim is to help introduce a greater sense of freedom and control over one’s own life within a space where moral judgments have no place.
020 4538 2104 View 020 4538 2104
Photo of Donna Raphael, Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Donna Raphael
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Verified Verified
London N4
I specialise in anxiety and depression, but whatever brings you to therapy right now I can support you and together we can explore what is the cause. I am passionate about empowering clients to develop and strengthen their own sense of agency in the world, so that they feel in control. I work collaboratively with clients rather than acting as an expert. I help my clients consider new ways of viewing the world and guidance on ways they may consider changing their behaviours. The most important thing to me as a therapist is that I provide a warm and non-judgemental space for you to feel truly seen, heard and understood.
I specialise in anxiety and depression, but whatever brings you to therapy right now I can support you and together we can explore what is the cause. I am passionate about empowering clients to develop and strengthen their own sense of agency in the world, so that they feel in control. I work collaboratively with clients rather than acting as an expert. I help my clients consider new ways of viewing the world and guidance on ways they may consider changing their behaviours. The most important thing to me as a therapist is that I provide a warm and non-judgemental space for you to feel truly seen, heard and understood.
020 4538 6941 View 020 4538 6941
Photo of Charlotte Cox, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Charlotte Cox
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
London E9
I have worked in therapy services for nearly 15 years and qualified as a Clinical Psychologist in 2015. During this time I have worked in a variety of settings, ranging from working with people with mild-moderate depression or anxiety to working with people who have needed care in a hospital setting. Through these experiences I have learnt how to tailor the therapy approach to suit each individual person based on their current struggles, their life stage, and their life goals. I understand how daunting it can be to ask for help and approach my work with kindness, curiosity and compassion.
I have worked in therapy services for nearly 15 years and qualified as a Clinical Psychologist in 2015. During this time I have worked in a variety of settings, ranging from working with people with mild-moderate depression or anxiety to working with people who have needed care in a hospital setting. Through these experiences I have learnt how to tailor the therapy approach to suit each individual person based on their current struggles, their life stage, and their life goals. I understand how daunting it can be to ask for help and approach my work with kindness, curiosity and compassion.
020 4538 0937 View 020 4538 0937
Photo of Marie-Anne Issa, Psychologist, PhD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Marie-Anne Issa
Psychologist, PhD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
Fear and other emotions, such as shame, as well as as familiar yet unhealthy patterns in our thinking, behaviour, and relationships can keep us stuck. Psychotherapy can help. In my work so far, I’ve witnessed many clients change and find healthier ways to connect to themselves and the world. I have practiced psychotherapy in Beirut and New York City, before coming to London.
Fear and other emotions, such as shame, as well as as familiar yet unhealthy patterns in our thinking, behaviour, and relationships can keep us stuck. Psychotherapy can help. In my work so far, I’ve witnessed many clients change and find healthier ways to connect to themselves and the world. I have practiced psychotherapy in Beirut and New York City, before coming to London.
020 4538 8756 View 020 4538 8756
Photo of Emmalyn Williams, Psychotherapist, MSc, PNCPS Acc.
Emmalyn Williams
Psychotherapist, MSc, PNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
London N13
I am an integrative Clinical practitioner and a qualified Clinical supervisor Sometimes it's hard to reach out when you need help. Its takes a brave to come forward. I offer my clients a space to express and explore the issues. The importance of a therapeutic relationship is to build an alliance and a connection to work together. They will develop trust and security as we make sense of your current challenges and difficulties. Over 20 years studying psychology and counselling worked as a human trafficking officer, Domestic Violence officer, Youth worker, family officer many more. Clinical supervisor and an Doctor of Psychanalytic
I am an integrative Clinical practitioner and a qualified Clinical supervisor Sometimes it's hard to reach out when you need help. Its takes a brave to come forward. I offer my clients a space to express and explore the issues. The importance of a therapeutic relationship is to build an alliance and a connection to work together. They will develop trust and security as we make sense of your current challenges and difficulties. Over 20 years studying psychology and counselling worked as a human trafficking officer, Domestic Violence officer, Youth worker, family officer many more. Clinical supervisor and an Doctor of Psychanalytic
020 8138 8507 View 020 8138 8507
Photo of Dr Caroline Douglas-Pennant, Psychologist, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Dr Caroline Douglas-Pennant
Psychologist, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
London SW3
I have worked in the NHS for 25 years, across a variety of settings and am currently undertaking an MA in Family Therapy. Neuro-biology and Somatic psychology are also areas that inform my practice. This includes helping individuals to understand choices around mental health medication, how the body and mind are 'one' and are both informed by the 'fight or flight' response, attachment styles and survival strategies. I use NVR (Non-Violent Resolution) to support families and young people with challenging behaviours.
I have worked in the NHS for 25 years, across a variety of settings and am currently undertaking an MA in Family Therapy. Neuro-biology and Somatic psychology are also areas that inform my practice. This includes helping individuals to understand choices around mental health medication, how the body and mind are 'one' and are both informed by the 'fight or flight' response, attachment styles and survival strategies. I use NVR (Non-Violent Resolution) to support families and young people with challenging behaviours.
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Photo of Patricia Deppe, Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Patricia Deppe
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
London N19
Every client is unique, so my work with you involves an exploration and understanding of your life and experience from birth to present, including unconscious processes and dreams. I seek to understand thought patterns, fears, obstacles and unhelpful perceptions that stand in the way of love and success. You are encouraged to talk about and understand your feelings, and to learn to distinguish between truth and fear.
Every client is unique, so my work with you involves an exploration and understanding of your life and experience from birth to present, including unconscious processes and dreams. I seek to understand thought patterns, fears, obstacles and unhelpful perceptions that stand in the way of love and success. You are encouraged to talk about and understand your feelings, and to learn to distinguish between truth and fear.
020 4572 5081 View 020 4572 5081
Photo of Thomas Hatton, Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Thomas Hatton
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
London SW1W
As a psychotherapist, I seek to empower individuals to overcome their personal challenges and achieve lasting growth. My ideal client is someone who is ready to do the deep inner work required for meaningful change. They may be struggling with anxiety, depression, grief, trauma, relationship issues, or simply feeling stuck and unfulfilled. My client recognises the impact of the past, the reality of the present, and the desires of the future. They have the courage to explore their inner world.
As a psychotherapist, I seek to empower individuals to overcome their personal challenges and achieve lasting growth. My ideal client is someone who is ready to do the deep inner work required for meaningful change. They may be struggling with anxiety, depression, grief, trauma, relationship issues, or simply feeling stuck and unfulfilled. My client recognises the impact of the past, the reality of the present, and the desires of the future. They have the courage to explore their inner world.
020 4538 3933 View 020 4538 3933
Photo of Patrizia Di Camillo, Psychologist, PhD, GMBPsS
Patrizia Di Camillo
Psychologist, PhD, GMBPsS
Verified Verified
London WC2A
Sono la dottoressa Patrizia Di Camillo, psicologa, psicoterapeuta Analista Transazionale, Arteterapeuta. Il mio intento professionale è incentrato sul benessere psicofisico della persona, attraverso l’uso di strumenti diversi che vanno a lavorare sulla psiche, il corpo e la mente. La mia formazione tocca i settori della psicologia e del metodo psicoterapeutico dell'Analisi Transazionale, dell’arte e del benessere corporeo ed e' rivolta a tutte le fasce d’età, a tutte le condizioni psicofisiche, al singolo, alla coppia e alle famiglie.
Sono la dottoressa Patrizia Di Camillo, psicologa, psicoterapeuta Analista Transazionale, Arteterapeuta. Il mio intento professionale è incentrato sul benessere psicofisico della persona, attraverso l’uso di strumenti diversi che vanno a lavorare sulla psiche, il corpo e la mente. La mia formazione tocca i settori della psicologia e del metodo psicoterapeutico dell'Analisi Transazionale, dell’arte e del benessere corporeo ed e' rivolta a tutte le fasce d’età, a tutte le condizioni psicofisiche, al singolo, alla coppia e alle famiglie.
020 3974 2802 View 020 3974 2802
Photo of Manch Joshi, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Manch Joshi
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
London SW20
Hello and thanks so much for visiting. I’m an imaginative therapist specialising in CBT (Cognitive Behaviour Therapy), mindfulness and integrating different techniques to help clients move forwards from their emotional disturbances. My approach is to deeply understand what causes these and set an inspiring goal to achieve to enables us to move on and become unstuck. This to help prevent and manage any disturbing emotions such anxiety, anger, guilt, shame and depression. Also, to overcome the effects of traumas, grief or behaviours such as OCD.
Hello and thanks so much for visiting. I’m an imaginative therapist specialising in CBT (Cognitive Behaviour Therapy), mindfulness and integrating different techniques to help clients move forwards from their emotional disturbances. My approach is to deeply understand what causes these and set an inspiring goal to achieve to enables us to move on and become unstuck. This to help prevent and manage any disturbing emotions such anxiety, anger, guilt, shame and depression. Also, to overcome the effects of traumas, grief or behaviours such as OCD.
020 4538 8435 View 020 4538 8435
Photo of Jessie Gough - Neurodiverse Online, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Neurodiverse Online
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
London N3
At Neurodiverse Online, I, Dr Jessie Gough, and my colleagues are a small team of specialist Clinical Psychologists who provide assessment and therapy for ADHD, Autism / ASD, Tics / Tourette's, Dyslexia and related mental health difficulties such as anxiety and low mood. We have a multidisciplinary team including Speech and Language Therapists and a Specialist Teacher so that our reports and advice can be used to support applications for reasonable adjustments and EHCPs at school, university and in the workplace.
At Neurodiverse Online, I, Dr Jessie Gough, and my colleagues are a small team of specialist Clinical Psychologists who provide assessment and therapy for ADHD, Autism / ASD, Tics / Tourette's, Dyslexia and related mental health difficulties such as anxiety and low mood. We have a multidisciplinary team including Speech and Language Therapists and a Specialist Teacher so that our reports and advice can be used to support applications for reasonable adjustments and EHCPs at school, university and in the workplace.
020 4538 5169 View 020 4538 5169
Photo of Gail Wilkinson Pgdip Mbacp (Accred), Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Gail Wilkinson Pgdip Mbacp (Accred)
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
London N16
Perhaps you’ve felt stuck for a while, or have been feeling that something isn’t right but can’t quite identify what that is. You may be anxious, depressed, have low self-esteem. Maybe you are struggling in relationships, or finding it difficult getting your needs met? You may have often felt that you don’t belong, or that you’re not supposed to be doing the work you do. Perhaps you’d like to feel less frustrated, angry or alone? You may be experiencing grief, or struggling with addiction, you might have low libido, or want to explore your sexuality. It might be a family or historic issue you’d like to make sense of. I can help.
Perhaps you’ve felt stuck for a while, or have been feeling that something isn’t right but can’t quite identify what that is. You may be anxious, depressed, have low self-esteem. Maybe you are struggling in relationships, or finding it difficult getting your needs met? You may have often felt that you don’t belong, or that you’re not supposed to be doing the work you do. Perhaps you’d like to feel less frustrated, angry or alone? You may be experiencing grief, or struggling with addiction, you might have low libido, or want to explore your sexuality. It might be a family or historic issue you’d like to make sense of. I can help.
020 3917 4235 View 020 3917 4235
Photo of Bert-Jan Zuiderduin, Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Bert-Jan Zuiderduin
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
London SW11
I offer a compassionate and confidential environment, where you can feel safe to explore any issues in your life, in an accepting and non-judgmental way. Over more than a decade, I have worked with a wide variety of clients, supporting them through difficult times by helping them to express and understand their thoughts and feelings, transform the relationship with themselves and others, and live their life more confidently. I integrate psychoanalytic and Jungian approaches in open and creative ways, for example working with external relationships and influences from the past that shape our "internal world".
I offer a compassionate and confidential environment, where you can feel safe to explore any issues in your life, in an accepting and non-judgmental way. Over more than a decade, I have worked with a wide variety of clients, supporting them through difficult times by helping them to express and understand their thoughts and feelings, transform the relationship with themselves and others, and live their life more confidently. I integrate psychoanalytic and Jungian approaches in open and creative ways, for example working with external relationships and influences from the past that shape our "internal world".
020 3974 1659 View 020 3974 1659
Photo of Eli Pines - Hope and Success counselling, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Hope and Success counselling
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
85 Endorsed
Online Only
In my opinion a free consultation is a must so you can get a chance to discuss what’s going on for you and how counselling could help. It’s also a chance to get a feel if we are a good match with no obligation to continue. I would be glad to hear from you to see if I can help you. "What to expect? I have a flexible approach to our sessions, I offer brief intervention work for short term problems which may be a reaction to a life event. Longer term therapy for difficulties you may have been experiencing over a long period of time.
In my opinion a free consultation is a must so you can get a chance to discuss what’s going on for you and how counselling could help. It’s also a chance to get a feel if we are a good match with no obligation to continue. I would be glad to hear from you to see if I can help you. "What to expect? I have a flexible approach to our sessions, I offer brief intervention work for short term problems which may be a reaction to a life event. Longer term therapy for difficulties you may have been experiencing over a long period of time.
07588 371809 View 07588 371809
Photo of Jolita Gaskin, Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Jolita Gaskin
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
London SW6
Are you feeling overwhelmed, stressed or traumatised by what is happening in your life? It can be very helpful to express and explore your worries with someone who can listen to you non-judgmentally. I believe in the healing qualities of therapeutic relationship. My aim is to create a restorative and reflective environment that recognises your personal experiences and develops new perspectives to help facilitate any changes that you wish to make.
Are you feeling overwhelmed, stressed or traumatised by what is happening in your life? It can be very helpful to express and explore your worries with someone who can listen to you non-judgmentally. I believe in the healing qualities of therapeutic relationship. My aim is to create a restorative and reflective environment that recognises your personal experiences and develops new perspectives to help facilitate any changes that you wish to make.
020 3640 7894 View 020 3640 7894
Photo of Louise Sunderland, Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
Louise Sunderland
Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
Verified Verified
London E1
I am an experienced psychotherapist working privately from practice rooms in Shoreditch (E1). I offer an empathic, authentic, non-judgmental approach to exploring whatever questions, experiences, feelings or symptoms bring you to contemplate therapy. My hope is that through the therapeutic relationship you discover ways to feel better, more resilient, and to lead a more fulfilling life.
I am an experienced psychotherapist working privately from practice rooms in Shoreditch (E1). I offer an empathic, authentic, non-judgmental approach to exploring whatever questions, experiences, feelings or symptoms bring you to contemplate therapy. My hope is that through the therapeutic relationship you discover ways to feel better, more resilient, and to lead a more fulfilling life.
020 3856 3256 View 020 3856 3256
Photo of Louise Perry, Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
Louise Perry
Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
London NW1
I am a highly trained and experienced psychotherapist working from a space in Central London. My core training is in both IFS (Internal Family Systems and Integrative Art Psychotherapy). All this really means is that I am able offer interesting and creative ways to help you explore and express yourself. I have a background in design and technology but decided to retrain as a psychotherapist so that I could work with people. At my core I am kind and empathic, having had my own often difficult and complex life. I can often be direct – but I am always warm hearted, unshockable and trustworthy.
I am a highly trained and experienced psychotherapist working from a space in Central London. My core training is in both IFS (Internal Family Systems and Integrative Art Psychotherapy). All this really means is that I am able offer interesting and creative ways to help you explore and express yourself. I have a background in design and technology but decided to retrain as a psychotherapist so that I could work with people. At my core I am kind and empathic, having had my own often difficult and complex life. I can often be direct – but I am always warm hearted, unshockable and trustworthy.
07774 646417 View 07774 646417
Photo of Sreena Pluck, Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Sreena Pluck
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Verified Verified
London E15
Therapy can be a daunting concept, one that is often misunderstood yet with the right connection between therapist and client it can be life changing. As a gestalt psychotherapist, I work with a broad range and depth of issues that any client might bring to the therapy space. I work with you to understand what you need from therapy, why you sought it in the first place and what differences or changes you are seeking. It is of upmost importance that you and I both know why you are in my therapy room and what you hope to achieve from therapy.
Therapy can be a daunting concept, one that is often misunderstood yet with the right connection between therapist and client it can be life changing. As a gestalt psychotherapist, I work with a broad range and depth of issues that any client might bring to the therapy space. I work with you to understand what you need from therapy, why you sought it in the first place and what differences or changes you are seeking. It is of upmost importance that you and I both know why you are in my therapy room and what you hope to achieve from therapy.
020 4572 1960 View 020 4572 1960
Photo of Milly Martha Gregory, Psychotherapist
Milly Martha Gregory
Psychotherapist
Verified Verified
London E8
My emphasis as a psychodynamic counsellor and coach is focused on helping build confidence and direction whilst empowering individuals to develop in areas they feel they need toward a more fulfilling and satisfying future. I create an environment where clients feel heard, valued, and understood and able to explore issues, whether related to past or present life experiences, to deepen their understanding of those experiences. This aims to facilitate a greater sense of choice and allow them to build better connections in relationships with others and with themselves.
My emphasis as a psychodynamic counsellor and coach is focused on helping build confidence and direction whilst empowering individuals to develop in areas they feel they need toward a more fulfilling and satisfying future. I create an environment where clients feel heard, valued, and understood and able to explore issues, whether related to past or present life experiences, to deepen their understanding of those experiences. This aims to facilitate a greater sense of choice and allow them to build better connections in relationships with others and with themselves.
020 3984 8630 View 020 3984 8630
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See more therapy options for London

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in London

3,000+

Average cost per session

£75

Counsellors in London who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
85% Depression
84% Self Esteem
80% Relationship Issues
78% Stress
66% Trauma and PTSD
62% Bereavement

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

69% Aviva
64% AXA PPP
56% Vitality

How Counsellors in London see their clients

74% In Person and Online
26% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
24% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in London?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.