Internal Family Systems (IFS) Counselling in Liverpool

Photo of Simon Lewis, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Simon Lewis
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I tend to use a carefully crafted mix of the following approaches: EMDR, CBT, CFT, CAT, DBT, Systemic Theory, Internal Family Systems and Psychodynamic concepts.
I am passionate about trauma informed practice: making every effort to understand the impact of people’s lived experiences on their daily lives. My approach is based on psychological formulation, to make sense of what a person is experiencing, and then using a range of integrated approaches to help people to make changes. I care about empowering individuals to live the lives they want to live, and take a very human and empathic approach to working with people's distress.
I tend to use a carefully crafted mix of the following approaches: EMDR, CBT, CFT, CAT, DBT, Systemic Theory, Internal Family Systems and Psychodynamic concepts.
I am passionate about trauma informed practice: making every effort to understand the impact of people’s lived experiences on their daily lives. My approach is based on psychological formulation, to make sense of what a person is experiencing, and then using a range of integrated approaches to help people to make changes. I care about empowering individuals to live the lives they want to live, and take a very human and empathic approach to working with people's distress.
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Photo of Chris Rudyard - Chris Rudyard: IFS, EMDR, Somatic - Trauma Therapy, MNCPS Acc., Psychotherapist
Chris Rudyard: IFS, EMDR, Somatic - Trauma Therapy
Psychotherapist, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Liverpool L18
Fully trained: Internal Family Systems Therapy: Lv1,2,3.
Self book via my website. Non-shaming, far-reaching, therapies that work with you, not against you. Trained in over 10 approaches with 20 years experience. People usually see me for help recovering from difficult relationships, complex-trauma, and unexplained physical problems. 50 min & 1.5 hour sessions. I facilitate an immersive, and expansive experience to help you heal from what has a hold over you, even when you're not sure what that is. When you see me, we work collaboratively and organically. This way will help you recover, and feel you again.
Fully trained: Internal Family Systems Therapy: Lv1,2,3.
Self book via my website. Non-shaming, far-reaching, therapies that work with you, not against you. Trained in over 10 approaches with 20 years experience. People usually see me for help recovering from difficult relationships, complex-trauma, and unexplained physical problems. 50 min & 1.5 hour sessions. I facilitate an immersive, and expansive experience to help you heal from what has a hold over you, even when you're not sure what that is. When you see me, we work collaboratively and organically. This way will help you recover, and feel you again.
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Photo of Mirabela Osadci, MA
Mirabela Osadci
MA
Verified Verified
Online Only
IFS therapy looks at our inner world as a family system of sub-personalities which all have their own needs and wants, it helps us talk to them, solve inner conflicts, remove blocks and limiting beliefs, heal trauma so that our internal system becomes balanced and functions smoothly.
Online psychotherapist with an eclectic and inventive approach. Practicing Internal Family Systems Therapy ( IFS) and Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT). I believe that people already have within themselves what they need in order to overcome their struggles. All it takes is a bit of guidance and someone to ask the right questions. My wish for my clients is that they find the inner freedom to live the life that they want. I mostly work with expats, travelers, digital nomads, burners - I can relate to the lifestyle and can appreciate the need for flexibility and rescheduling sessions when necessary, however, anyone is welcome.
IFS therapy looks at our inner world as a family system of sub-personalities which all have their own needs and wants, it helps us talk to them, solve inner conflicts, remove blocks and limiting beliefs, heal trauma so that our internal system becomes balanced and functions smoothly.
Online psychotherapist with an eclectic and inventive approach. Practicing Internal Family Systems Therapy ( IFS) and Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT). I believe that people already have within themselves what they need in order to overcome their struggles. All it takes is a bit of guidance and someone to ask the right questions. My wish for my clients is that they find the inner freedom to live the life that they want. I mostly work with expats, travelers, digital nomads, burners - I can relate to the lifestyle and can appreciate the need for flexibility and rescheduling sessions when necessary, however, anyone is welcome.
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Photo of Dr Katrina Lake Consultant Clinical Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Katrina Lake Consultant Clinical Psychologist
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Liverpool L1
When you need support, accessing the right help is important. Whether you’re concerned about your mental health, seeking to address past traumas, or noticing unhelpful patterns in your relationships, I am here to help. I offer both brief and longer term therapy, drawing on my specialist training and extensive experience in a variety of therapeutic approaches, including EMDR, CBT, and IFS. Together, we can identify the most effective approach, or a combination of approaches, tailored to your needs. Therapy sessions are flexible, scheduled weekly or bi-weekly, at a time that suits you.
When you need support, accessing the right help is important. Whether you’re concerned about your mental health, seeking to address past traumas, or noticing unhelpful patterns in your relationships, I am here to help. I offer both brief and longer term therapy, drawing on my specialist training and extensive experience in a variety of therapeutic approaches, including EMDR, CBT, and IFS. Together, we can identify the most effective approach, or a combination of approaches, tailored to your needs. Therapy sessions are flexible, scheduled weekly or bi-weekly, at a time that suits you.
01273 092800 View 01273 092800
Photo of Naomi Bateren, MA, HCPC-Drama Therap., Psychotherapist
Naomi Bateren
Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Drama Therap.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Hi! Are you feeling stressed, anxious, or overwhelmed? Perhaps you have had difficult life experiences that you've never processed. Maybe you just want to be heard. I offer a safe, non-judgemental space to come and chat. The work is led by you, with me as a companion guide. My aim is to help you help yourself to find what you need - whether that be peace, understanding, answers or space to just be. We may explore the past and how that influences the present. Throughout the work we will build on your strengths, finding resilience and wellbeing through our conversations and the actions you put into place to look after yourself.
Hi! Are you feeling stressed, anxious, or overwhelmed? Perhaps you have had difficult life experiences that you've never processed. Maybe you just want to be heard. I offer a safe, non-judgemental space to come and chat. The work is led by you, with me as a companion guide. My aim is to help you help yourself to find what you need - whether that be peace, understanding, answers or space to just be. We may explore the past and how that influences the present. Throughout the work we will build on your strengths, finding resilience and wellbeing through our conversations and the actions you put into place to look after yourself.
01767 669810 View 01767 669810
Photo of Mohammad Midan-Shahi, MBACP, Counsellor
Mohammad Midan-Shahi
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Liverpool L7
fight or flight? I am offering you (youth and adults) no judgement and assumption, if you need to talk of anxiety, abuse, lose of self, lowself-esteem or you dont know of your character, there are times in our life that we need to confined-in because we are human being, so using life experiences and knowledges of sophisticated people whom they spent their life to take the knowledge and give it to others for a better life, and what ever is concerning you or to whom it may concern.
fight or flight? I am offering you (youth and adults) no judgement and assumption, if you need to talk of anxiety, abuse, lose of self, lowself-esteem or you dont know of your character, there are times in our life that we need to confined-in because we are human being, so using life experiences and knowledges of sophisticated people whom they spent their life to take the knowledge and give it to others for a better life, and what ever is concerning you or to whom it may concern.
0151 329 2736 View 0151 329 2736
Photo of Ayhan Alman, MSc, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Ayhan Alman
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Liverpool L18
Feeling overwhelmed, isolated, or unsure how to move forward? It’s frustrating when you’ve tried all the mental health advice, yet nothing seems to help. Perhaps anxiety or low mood has taken hold, or you’re struggling with grief after losing someone close. Maybe a distressing experience is still troubling you, making it hard to sleep or eat. These challenges can feel heavy, but support is available, and change is possible.
Feeling overwhelmed, isolated, or unsure how to move forward? It’s frustrating when you’ve tried all the mental health advice, yet nothing seems to help. Perhaps anxiety or low mood has taken hold, or you’re struggling with grief after losing someone close. Maybe a distressing experience is still troubling you, making it hard to sleep or eat. These challenges can feel heavy, but support is available, and change is possible.
01767 661191 View 01767 661191
Photo of George Maxwell, MSc, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
George Maxwell
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Liverpool L1
I offer evidence-based CBT, EMDR and Positive Psychology Coaching to support clients across the full range of the wellbeing spectrum. As an accredited CBT Therapist, I will help you to overcome your anxiety and depression problems using active, effective treatments that will change your life. I specialise in OCD (and its many subtypes), PTSD and Social Anxiety. As a Coaching Psychologist, I can teach you how to flourish, achieve your life goals, and live a life full of meaning and value. I work with clients internationally via Zoom and offer in-person therapy at my office in Rodney Street in Liverpool.
I offer evidence-based CBT, EMDR and Positive Psychology Coaching to support clients across the full range of the wellbeing spectrum. As an accredited CBT Therapist, I will help you to overcome your anxiety and depression problems using active, effective treatments that will change your life. I specialise in OCD (and its many subtypes), PTSD and Social Anxiety. As a Coaching Psychologist, I can teach you how to flourish, achieve your life goals, and live a life full of meaning and value. I work with clients internationally via Zoom and offer in-person therapy at my office in Rodney Street in Liverpool.
0151 318 0866 View 0151 318 0866
Photo of Georgina Harvey, MSc, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Georgina Harvey
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Liverpool L23
Waitlist for new clients
I am a fully qualified and accredited Systemic Psychotherapist (Family Therapist) and am registered with The United Kingdom Council for Psychotherapy and The Association of Family Therapy. I have over 20 years of experience of working with families, couples and individuals who are facing difficulties with their mental health, self-esteem and relationships with themselves and others. I have experience of working in the NHS adult and child & adolescent community services as well as the charitable sector and I currently work for NHS Child & Adolescent Service.
I am a fully qualified and accredited Systemic Psychotherapist (Family Therapist) and am registered with The United Kingdom Council for Psychotherapy and The Association of Family Therapy. I have over 20 years of experience of working with families, couples and individuals who are facing difficulties with their mental health, self-esteem and relationships with themselves and others. I have experience of working in the NHS adult and child & adolescent community services as well as the charitable sector and I currently work for NHS Child & Adolescent Service.
0151 453 6741 View 0151 453 6741
Photo of Yaela Orelowitz: The Lighter Life Therapist, MA
Yaela Orelowitz: The Lighter Life Therapist
MA
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hi, my name is Yaela. I'm a South African born psychologist with a speciality in Expressive Arts Therapy. I've worked with everyone from drug addicts to the homeless. In 2020, when Covid-19 broke out, I was working in acute mental health at a London-based organization. The loneliness within society, that has always been beneath the surface, became starkly evident. In order to help my clients, and my future clients, overcome the suffering of loneliness, I began a three-year global research project to uncover what makes happy, connected, healthy societies and how these lessons can be applied in the daily lives of my clients.
Hi, my name is Yaela. I'm a South African born psychologist with a speciality in Expressive Arts Therapy. I've worked with everyone from drug addicts to the homeless. In 2020, when Covid-19 broke out, I was working in acute mental health at a London-based organization. The loneliness within society, that has always been beneath the surface, became starkly evident. In order to help my clients, and my future clients, overcome the suffering of loneliness, I began a three-year global research project to uncover what makes happy, connected, healthy societies and how these lessons can be applied in the daily lives of my clients.
020 3780 8927 View 020 3780 8927
Photo of Amanda Cunliffe, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Amanda Cunliffe
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Liverpool L15
Perhaps something has shifted in your thoughts/feelings/behaviour that’s uncomfortable, or maybe you’ve decided to explore a long-standing issue. I help my clients achieve their therapeutic goals either by discussing their current or past issues through counselling/psychotherapy or some clients also opt to have hypnotherapy with me too (you can read about that on my website). I offer empathy, confidentiality, safety and opportunity to explore their feelings in a therapeutic relationship. I'm not here to pass judgement or advise but instead I'm here to help you navigate the highs and lows.
Perhaps something has shifted in your thoughts/feelings/behaviour that’s uncomfortable, or maybe you’ve decided to explore a long-standing issue. I help my clients achieve their therapeutic goals either by discussing their current or past issues through counselling/psychotherapy or some clients also opt to have hypnotherapy with me too (you can read about that on my website). I offer empathy, confidentiality, safety and opportunity to explore their feelings in a therapeutic relationship. I'm not here to pass judgement or advise but instead I'm here to help you navigate the highs and lows.
01704 331518 View 01704 331518
Photo of Jennifer Eirlys Williams, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Jennifer Eirlys Williams
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Liverpool L1
Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, stress or unwanted behaviours or feelings during these challenging times? Perhaps you feel stuck, overwhelmed and don't know how to move forward? Do you feel like you're existing rather than living? Maybe deep down you know you'd benefit from some support and help to move beyond your current struggle, but feel fearful about reaching out for help? Are you looking for an approachable, empathetic and experienced therapist who will understand YOUR individual difficulties, needs and circumstances and support you to move forward in way that is meaningful to you?
Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, stress or unwanted behaviours or feelings during these challenging times? Perhaps you feel stuck, overwhelmed and don't know how to move forward? Do you feel like you're existing rather than living? Maybe deep down you know you'd benefit from some support and help to move beyond your current struggle, but feel fearful about reaching out for help? Are you looking for an approachable, empathetic and experienced therapist who will understand YOUR individual difficulties, needs and circumstances and support you to move forward in way that is meaningful to you?
01695 668037 View 01695 668037
Photo of Inga Piotrowska, MRes, Counsellor
Inga Piotrowska
Counsellor, MRes
Verified Verified
Online Only
There is hope even if your brain tells you there isn't, and it is my job as a counsellor to help you see it. It is usually buried somewhere under layers of shame, self-criticism and feeling not good enough. We will work together to help you feel a deeper sense of fulfilment and control over your life. With the right support and tools, you can overcome challenges and lead a more balanced and satisfying life, even if now it seems impossible.
There is hope even if your brain tells you there isn't, and it is my job as a counsellor to help you see it. It is usually buried somewhere under layers of shame, self-criticism and feeling not good enough. We will work together to help you feel a deeper sense of fulfilment and control over your life. With the right support and tools, you can overcome challenges and lead a more balanced and satisfying life, even if now it seems impossible.
0161 524 5311 View 0161 524 5311
Photo of Sondous Korsan - Sondous @ yatb.uk (English/Farsi), MA, BACP, Counsellor
Sondous @ yatb.uk (English/Farsi)
Counsellor, MA, BACP
Verified Verified
Liverpool L1
Are you seeking assistance to improve your relationship as a couple? With over a decade of experience as a certified Integrative Counselor, specializing in Person-Centered, Psychodynamic, and Humanistic approaches since 2009, I possess a comprehensive skill set to support you. I also bring expertise in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP), and Life Coaching. I offer interventions on both an individual and group basis, accessible via phone, Skype, Zoom, and WhatsApp, in English and Farsi. For more information, visit www.yatb.uk, a platform promoting self-development and unleashing your "best self."
Are you seeking assistance to improve your relationship as a couple? With over a decade of experience as a certified Integrative Counselor, specializing in Person-Centered, Psychodynamic, and Humanistic approaches since 2009, I possess a comprehensive skill set to support you. I also bring expertise in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP), and Life Coaching. I offer interventions on both an individual and group basis, accessible via phone, Skype, Zoom, and WhatsApp, in English and Farsi. For more information, visit www.yatb.uk, a platform promoting self-development and unleashing your "best self."
020 3095 4703 View 020 3095 4703
Photo of Maliheh Taheri, PhD, CPsychol, Psychologist
Maliheh Taheri
Psychologist, PhD, CPsychol
Verified Verified
Liverpool L1
I have a deep appreciation and passion for working with adults and children who have experienced trauma. I have a diverse range of skills and experience, such as cross-cultural psychology, immigration, self-esteem and neurodiversity, e.g., autism and ADHD. I walk with my clients through the darkness of their experience, holding the space with compassion, helping them understand their experiences better, make sense of them, accept their whole existence, and fully love and embrace themselves. I believe healing is a process in which both the therapist and the clients contribute and grow together.
I have a deep appreciation and passion for working with adults and children who have experienced trauma. I have a diverse range of skills and experience, such as cross-cultural psychology, immigration, self-esteem and neurodiversity, e.g., autism and ADHD. I walk with my clients through the darkness of their experience, holding the space with compassion, helping them understand their experiences better, make sense of them, accept their whole existence, and fully love and embrace themselves. I believe healing is a process in which both the therapist and the clients contribute and grow together.
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Photo of Dr Lucy Flitton, PhD, FMBPsS, Psychologist
Dr Lucy Flitton
Psychologist, PhD, FMBPsS
Verified Verified
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
Do you struggle with anxiety and self-esteem that affects your day-to-day life, and your relationships? Do you feel overwhelmed by your emotions, and wonder whether you will ever be able to manage them? Do you hope to be able to gain a sense of control over your life? Now more than ever, people are feeling uncertain about their ability to connect to others and the world around them. If you can relate to these difficulties, I can help you develop healthy coping mechanisms to build a life of meaning and purpose. By working together, you will re-connect with your strengths to help you build greater resilience to help you flourish.
Do you struggle with anxiety and self-esteem that affects your day-to-day life, and your relationships? Do you feel overwhelmed by your emotions, and wonder whether you will ever be able to manage them? Do you hope to be able to gain a sense of control over your life? Now more than ever, people are feeling uncertain about their ability to connect to others and the world around them. If you can relate to these difficulties, I can help you develop healthy coping mechanisms to build a life of meaning and purpose. By working together, you will re-connect with your strengths to help you build greater resilience to help you flourish.
01244 564148 View 01244 564148
Photo of Hazel Mutch - Psychotherapy And Coaching, MA, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Hazel Mutch - Psychotherapy And Coaching
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Liverpool L2
Not accepting new clients
I am an Integrative Psychotherapist and have also trained in Internal Family Systems therapy.
You may be feeling in crisis, confused, or stuck. Whatever is prompting you to consider therapy, it is an opportunity to really get to know yourself and rediscover inner resources which you may have lost contact with. We all unconsciously develop ways to avoid aspects of ourselves which confound or trouble us, but eventually they can become impossible to ignore. I can offer skilled and compassionate guidance as you turn towards them. This naturally fosters new understanding and a different relationship with yourself. Whatever your hope or goal, I have learned that what is in the way, is the way, and you don’t have to travel alone.
I am an Integrative Psychotherapist and have also trained in Internal Family Systems therapy.
You may be feeling in crisis, confused, or stuck. Whatever is prompting you to consider therapy, it is an opportunity to really get to know yourself and rediscover inner resources which you may have lost contact with. We all unconsciously develop ways to avoid aspects of ourselves which confound or trouble us, but eventually they can become impossible to ignore. I can offer skilled and compassionate guidance as you turn towards them. This naturally fosters new understanding and a different relationship with yourself. Whatever your hope or goal, I have learned that what is in the way, is the way, and you don’t have to travel alone.
01695 664394 View 01695 664394

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Natalie Carter-Gibson, MA, MBACP Accred, Psychotherapist
Natalie Carter-Gibson
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Nantwich CW5
Waitlist for new clients
I work with clients using techniques from different therapy methods from person centred, somatic and behavioural to CBT and solution focused and IFS. My focus is on the person in front of me and where they are at that moment. Any client arrives with an idea of what they want to look at, but the journey that follows is unique and generally directed by the client's needs. The difference can be evident so quickly once we move together towards a clearer understanding of how to move forward from the place the client began - its fulfilling and rewarding for all involved
I work with clients using techniques from different therapy methods from person centred, somatic and behavioural to CBT and solution focused and IFS. My focus is on the person in front of me and where they are at that moment. Any client arrives with an idea of what they want to look at, but the journey that follows is unique and generally directed by the client's needs. The difference can be evident so quickly once we move together towards a clearer understanding of how to move forward from the place the client began - its fulfilling and rewarding for all involved
01270 447578 View 01270 447578
Photo of Lowri Dowthwaite - 1 Life Therapy with Lowri, MSc, GMBPsS, Psychologist
1 Life Therapy with Lowri
Psychologist, MSc, GMBPsS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Preston PR2
Waitlist for new clients
I have specialist trauma training including Internal family systems ( IFS) Child and Adolescent Trauma (CATT) and EMDR.
Hello, I am delighted to be able to offer one to one Cognitive behavioural therapy sessions in person or online. If you are struggling with low mood, anxiety, panic attacks or trauma, I would love to help you overcome these difficulties. Feelings of depression and anxiety can be very distressing and isolating, you may be thinking that life will always be this way, but it doesn't have to be. You can learn ways to manage your anxiety, improve your mood and overcome trauma so you can lead a happier, more fulfilling life.
I have specialist trauma training including Internal family systems ( IFS) Child and Adolescent Trauma (CATT) and EMDR.
Hello, I am delighted to be able to offer one to one Cognitive behavioural therapy sessions in person or online. If you are struggling with low mood, anxiety, panic attacks or trauma, I would love to help you overcome these difficulties. Feelings of depression and anxiety can be very distressing and isolating, you may be thinking that life will always be this way, but it doesn't have to be. You can learn ways to manage your anxiety, improve your mood and overcome trauma so you can lead a happier, more fulfilling life.
01772 503125 View 01772 503125
Photo of Tracey Whalley, MBACP, Counsellor
Tracey Whalley
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am trauma focused, attachment focused and IFS informed.
Sometimes life experiences can become overwhelming and feel too much to cope with. This can lead to us to feeling worthless, vulnerable and isolated. Sometimes we need somebody who will listen to us without judgement to help us work through things to lead to a better understanding of ourselves and our experiences and sometimes just hold our hand whilst we sit in that darkness.
I am trauma focused, attachment focused and IFS informed.
Sometimes life experiences can become overwhelming and feel too much to cope with. This can lead to us to feeling worthless, vulnerable and isolated. Sometimes we need somebody who will listen to us without judgement to help us work through things to lead to a better understanding of ourselves and our experiences and sometimes just hold our hand whilst we sit in that darkness.
0161 509 6726 View 0161 509 6726

See more therapy options for Liverpool

Internal Family Systems (IFS) Counsellors

What is Internal Family Systems therapy?

Internal Family Systems (IFS) is a type of talk therapy that focuses on sub-personalities, or “families,” within a person, which may be made up of wounded parts and unpleasant emotions like anger and shame. These sub-personalities can come into conflict with each other and with an individual’s core Self, leaving the person feeling detached from positive traits such as the “8 C’s” of confidence, calmness, creativity, clarity, curiosity, courage, compassion, and connectedness. By healing a patient’s wounded parts, a therapist aims to restore balance and bring on positive change.

How does Internal Family Systems therapy work?

An IFS therapist will work with a patient to identify their particular sub-personalities, recognize the emotions powering them, and release them. By doing so, the patient should become more able to address any underlying problems their sub-personalities may have been trying to protect them from. Ultimately, a patient discovers ways to manage internal and external conflicts on their own, through techniques such as relaxation exercises, journaling, and making charts depicting the relationships between their core Self and their distinct parts.

Does Internal Family Systems therapy work?

IFS therapy has been shown to help people address conditions such as depression, anxiety, panic, fears and phobias, trauma, and substance use disorders. Some research has also found that it can help individuals deal with symptoms of physical health conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, such as pain, everyday functioning, depressive feelings, and low self-compassion. There are some conditions for which IFS treatment, specifically discussions of one’s “parts,” may be less appropriate, such as schizophrenia or other states that involve psychosis or paranoia.

How long does Internal Family Systems therapy take?

As with most forms of talk therapy, there is no set duration or end point for IFS therapy. After becoming comfortable with a therapist and the core concepts of IFS, some patients quickly make progress. While experiences vary, most will find that it is a relatively longer-term therapy, involving months and sometimes years of sessions.