Counselling in Lincoln

Photo of Maya Rosser, PNCPS Acc., Counsellor
Maya Rosser
Counsellor, PNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Lincoln LN5
I am a qualified Therapeutic Integrative Counsellor and Psychotherapist. I qualified with Devon and Cornwall Counselling Hub and am registered with and adhere to the NCS ( National Counselling Society) ethical framework. If you are feeling overwhelmed by life’s demands, my services aim to introduce clarity and self-motivation. I also teach techniques to better manage the emotional stress of everyday life. Do you suffer with pre menstruation symptoms? Do you ever feel the affects of the menstrual cycle but ignore it because of society and pressure? Let’s start to look more at each cycle and what the mind and body may need
I am a qualified Therapeutic Integrative Counsellor and Psychotherapist. I qualified with Devon and Cornwall Counselling Hub and am registered with and adhere to the NCS ( National Counselling Society) ethical framework. If you are feeling overwhelmed by life’s demands, my services aim to introduce clarity and self-motivation. I also teach techniques to better manage the emotional stress of everyday life. Do you suffer with pre menstruation symptoms? Do you ever feel the affects of the menstrual cycle but ignore it because of society and pressure? Let’s start to look more at each cycle and what the mind and body may need
01400 225987 View 01400 225987
Photo of Grace Martin, MSc, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Grace Martin
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Lincoln LN1
Not accepting new clients
It is normal for people to experience difficulties in life. There are many ways that our body tells us that something is not right: Feeling unfulfilled Feeling stressed or anxious, feeling lonely and isolated, feeling bored, confused. It can be unsettling when we experience these feelings, but it is our natural way of alerting us to needing change. As a therapist, I am here to support you through any challenges that you may be facing. I can provide a safe, confidential, and supportive space for you to explore who you are and how you relate to others.
It is normal for people to experience difficulties in life. There are many ways that our body tells us that something is not right: Feeling unfulfilled Feeling stressed or anxious, feeling lonely and isolated, feeling bored, confused. It can be unsettling when we experience these feelings, but it is our natural way of alerting us to needing change. As a therapist, I am here to support you through any challenges that you may be facing. I can provide a safe, confidential, and supportive space for you to explore who you are and how you relate to others.
01522 459470 View 01522 459470
Photo of Graham Michael Cann, BACP, Counsellor
Graham Michael Cann
Counsellor, BACP
Verified Verified
Lincoln LN2
Are you suffering from past trauma? low mood or suffering with depression? Is anxiety having an impact on your life? I am trained with the skills and theories that may help with these and many other issues that life can throw at us. My skills and training give us a platform to help discover the goals you want to achieve in counselling, and support you in achieving them. With this in my mind most of my clients feel an improvement to feelings and symptoms within the first month.
Are you suffering from past trauma? low mood or suffering with depression? Is anxiety having an impact on your life? I am trained with the skills and theories that may help with these and many other issues that life can throw at us. My skills and training give us a platform to help discover the goals you want to achieve in counselling, and support you in achieving them. With this in my mind most of my clients feel an improvement to feelings and symptoms within the first month.
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Photo of Lisa Connolly, MBACP Accred, Psychotherapist
Lisa Connolly
Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Lincoln LN2
Hello, my name is Lisa . I am a Degree qualified Private Psychotherapist who has practiced in the NHS. Many of the clients I see are not able to pinpoint what is wrong but know they feel confused and unhappy without understanding why. However you are feeling just now, things can change in time with the right support. Talking to a psychotherapist who is trained to help you make some sense of what is concerning you is the first step towards feeling better. The most important thing is for you to feel safe and comfortable with whoever you choose. This trust will encourage you to explore your thoughts and feelings more freely.
Hello, my name is Lisa . I am a Degree qualified Private Psychotherapist who has practiced in the NHS. Many of the clients I see are not able to pinpoint what is wrong but know they feel confused and unhappy without understanding why. However you are feeling just now, things can change in time with the right support. Talking to a psychotherapist who is trained to help you make some sense of what is concerning you is the first step towards feeling better. The most important thing is for you to feel safe and comfortable with whoever you choose. This trust will encourage you to explore your thoughts and feelings more freely.
01522 440428 View 01522 440428
Photo of Linda A O'Hern, MSc, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Linda A O'Hern
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Lincoln LN5
Hello my name is Linda, I am an experienced psychotherapist, supervisor and trainer. I am currently accepting short and long term client work and supervision clients, to work online and in person.   I work individually, with couples or pairs, or in small groups.  I also supervise those that offer supervision to others.  I believe relationship is key to successful therapy and supervision because it allows trust, respect and mutuality to build which results in having an open, safe space in which to work. Sometimes having the opportunity to talk with someone impartial and independent is essential.
Hello my name is Linda, I am an experienced psychotherapist, supervisor and trainer. I am currently accepting short and long term client work and supervision clients, to work online and in person.   I work individually, with couples or pairs, or in small groups.  I also supervise those that offer supervision to others.  I believe relationship is key to successful therapy and supervision because it allows trust, respect and mutuality to build which results in having an open, safe space in which to work. Sometimes having the opportunity to talk with someone impartial and independent is essential.
01400 220144 View 01400 220144
Photo of Alexandra Jane Ingham, MA, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Alexandra Jane Ingham
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Online Only
Coming Soon.
Coming Soon.
01522 309111 View 01522 309111
Photo of James Barker, MBACP, Psychotherapist
James Barker
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lincoln LN1
Hello my name is James and I work as a counsellor and a Jungian Sandplay therapist. I have a practice based in Lincoln and work with children, teenagers and adults. Jungian Sandplay is a form of therapy where you are invited to work in a tray of either wet or dry sand to make pictures and scenes that reflect what is happening in your world. Through the use of miniatures and various objects you can express your feelings, reconnect with your inner self and move forward in areas where you feel stuck. My room is equipped with shelves that provide hundreds of miniatures, ornaments and natural objects.
Hello my name is James and I work as a counsellor and a Jungian Sandplay therapist. I have a practice based in Lincoln and work with children, teenagers and adults. Jungian Sandplay is a form of therapy where you are invited to work in a tray of either wet or dry sand to make pictures and scenes that reflect what is happening in your world. Through the use of miniatures and various objects you can express your feelings, reconnect with your inner self and move forward in areas where you feel stuck. My room is equipped with shelves that provide hundreds of miniatures, ornaments and natural objects.
01522 474501 View 01522 474501
Photo of Malcolm Bower-Brown, MNCPS Acc., Psychotherapist
Malcolm Bower-Brown
Psychotherapist, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Lincoln LN2
In my experience, we often come to therapy when we feel stuck in a way of living which is becoming increasingly difficult and painful to sustain. Perhaps you feel life is simply surviving rather than thriving; that you are lost, without purpose or passion; or that the future seems more scary than exciting. If any of this resonates with you, my existential approach to therapy will provide you with a safe place in which to explore and process any trauma in your past; pain in the present and anxiety about the future. Helping to bring the 'real you' out of hiding and find a more joyful, peaceful and authentic way of living.
In my experience, we often come to therapy when we feel stuck in a way of living which is becoming increasingly difficult and painful to sustain. Perhaps you feel life is simply surviving rather than thriving; that you are lost, without purpose or passion; or that the future seems more scary than exciting. If any of this resonates with you, my existential approach to therapy will provide you with a safe place in which to explore and process any trauma in your past; pain in the present and anxiety about the future. Helping to bring the 'real you' out of hiding and find a more joyful, peaceful and authentic way of living.
01522 302545 View 01522 302545
Photo of Gemma McKenzie - Hidden Gem Psychology Service, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
Hidden Gem Psychology Service
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I am passionate about trauma-informed care and utilise a whole-person approach. Trauma can often underpin common mental health difficulties, and I can work with you to process the source of your difficulties and/or focus on your current symptoms. You may wish to focus on your current experiences of depression, anxiety, etc., or wish to address the underlying difficulties that have led to these. I also have a keen interest in complex trauma, dissociation, childhood emotional neglect, medically unexplained symptoms, functional neurological disorder, chronic pain, chronic fatigue and other physical difficulties.
I am passionate about trauma-informed care and utilise a whole-person approach. Trauma can often underpin common mental health difficulties, and I can work with you to process the source of your difficulties and/or focus on your current symptoms. You may wish to focus on your current experiences of depression, anxiety, etc., or wish to address the underlying difficulties that have led to these. I also have a keen interest in complex trauma, dissociation, childhood emotional neglect, medically unexplained symptoms, functional neurological disorder, chronic pain, chronic fatigue and other physical difficulties.
01427 808045 View 01427 808045
Photo of Kathryn Helen Carr - Kate Carr Therapy, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
Kate Carr Therapy
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Verified Verified
Lincoln LN6
In a safe and confidential environment, I can help you explore your thoughts, feelings and behaviours to gain an understanding of how they impact your quality of life. I pride myself on being creative and tailoring therapy to suit each individual, whilst using treatments that are based on results and evidence. I'm a firm believer that people don't fit into boxes and this is something I bring to therapy. I am a BABCP accredited Cognitive Behavioural Therapist and EMDR Therapist and offer face to face, telephone and online appointments. My associate therapists offer counselling, CBT and EMDR Therapy.
In a safe and confidential environment, I can help you explore your thoughts, feelings and behaviours to gain an understanding of how they impact your quality of life. I pride myself on being creative and tailoring therapy to suit each individual, whilst using treatments that are based on results and evidence. I'm a firm believer that people don't fit into boxes and this is something I bring to therapy. I am a BABCP accredited Cognitive Behavioural Therapist and EMDR Therapist and offer face to face, telephone and online appointments. My associate therapists offer counselling, CBT and EMDR Therapy.
01522 457065 View 01522 457065
Photo of Jack Kirton, PNCPS Acc., Psychotherapist
Jack Kirton
Psychotherapist, PNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Every day men fall foul of stress, burnout, and self-sabotage. Just one bad day or poor decision can imperil your health, relationships, business or career, reputation, peace, and sanity. To outclass your competition, restrain your own ego, and best develop and safeguard sound mental health and your long-term performance, future, and legacy, facing the man in the mirror is no longer optional. My mission is to help make this as easy as possible. I specialise in male psychology, men's issues, and intersexual dynamics and have worked with a broad range of challenges, offering an approach that will secure results in almost all cases.
Every day men fall foul of stress, burnout, and self-sabotage. Just one bad day or poor decision can imperil your health, relationships, business or career, reputation, peace, and sanity. To outclass your competition, restrain your own ego, and best develop and safeguard sound mental health and your long-term performance, future, and legacy, facing the man in the mirror is no longer optional. My mission is to help make this as easy as possible. I specialise in male psychology, men's issues, and intersexual dynamics and have worked with a broad range of challenges, offering an approach that will secure results in almost all cases.
01427 800739 View 01427 800739
Photo of Dr Kimberley Broom, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Kimberley Broom
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am a qualified Counselling Psychologist, Couples Therapist and Counsellor currently working in an NHS Centre of Excellence, supporting individuals and families to move forward in their lives and resolve difficulties that may be preventing them from progressing in the way that they would like. I offer short and long term therapy tailored to your needs
I am a qualified Counselling Psychologist, Couples Therapist and Counsellor currently working in an NHS Centre of Excellence, supporting individuals and families to move forward in their lives and resolve difficulties that may be preventing them from progressing in the way that they would like. I offer short and long term therapy tailored to your needs
01400 225991 View 01400 225991
Photo of Heather Neil, BACP, Counsellor
Heather Neil
Counsellor, BACP
Verified Verified
Lincoln LN6
I am a qualified counsellor and registered with the British Association of Counsellors and Psychotherapists (BACP). I provide a safe and inclusive space for you to explore your concerns. My approach is friendly, compassionate and supportive. If you are struggling at the moment, please get in touch so we can discuss how I can help you. Parenting a child that experiences mental health struggles can be incredibly challenging and feel isolating, speaking through your experiences with someone that relates to your situation can be empowering and provide a release.
I am a qualified counsellor and registered with the British Association of Counsellors and Psychotherapists (BACP). I provide a safe and inclusive space for you to explore your concerns. My approach is friendly, compassionate and supportive. If you are struggling at the moment, please get in touch so we can discuss how I can help you. Parenting a child that experiences mental health struggles can be incredibly challenging and feel isolating, speaking through your experiences with someone that relates to your situation can be empowering and provide a release.
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Photo of Holly Hagan-Walker, MBACP, Counsellor
Holly Hagan-Walker
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Lincoln LN2
Not accepting new clients
Are you looking for someone to help you ride the wave of life and make sense of the storms? I offer a tailored approach to counselling and will support you through whatever difficulties you are facing. If you are seeking support for anxiety, depression, stress, loss, relationship worries, family struggles, work stress and anything else in between, I can help you make sense of the storms and find a way to ride the wave. I can work short-term (6, 12 or 20 sessions) or long-term - whatever works best for you. I offer weekly or fortnightly sessions, and can be flexible to suit what works best for you. I work with adults aged 17+.
Are you looking for someone to help you ride the wave of life and make sense of the storms? I offer a tailored approach to counselling and will support you through whatever difficulties you are facing. If you are seeking support for anxiety, depression, stress, loss, relationship worries, family struggles, work stress and anything else in between, I can help you make sense of the storms and find a way to ride the wave. I can work short-term (6, 12 or 20 sessions) or long-term - whatever works best for you. I offer weekly or fortnightly sessions, and can be flexible to suit what works best for you. I work with adults aged 17+.
01322 952245 View 01322 952245
Photo of Hazel Stilgoe-McCombe - Sana Counselling and Psychotherapy Services, MSc, UKCP Trainee, Counsellor
Sana Counselling and Psychotherapy Services
Counsellor, MSc, UKCP Trainee
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lincoln LN3
Post Lock down I am seeing more people whose relationship is under greater pressure due to both being at home, financial worries, anxiety about the changes that are happening in the world around them to name but a few. Others are seeking help due to the loss of a loved one, individuals are feeling isolated and having time to face fears that busy lives help supress. All of these things are things that therapy can help with.
Post Lock down I am seeing more people whose relationship is under greater pressure due to both being at home, financial worries, anxiety about the changes that are happening in the world around them to name but a few. Others are seeking help due to the loss of a loved one, individuals are feeling isolated and having time to face fears that busy lives help supress. All of these things are things that therapy can help with.
01480 772064 View 01480 772064
Photo of Peace Anumah - Piece Into Peace, MSc, MBACP Accred, Psychotherapist
Piece Into Peace
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Online Only
My name is Peace Anumah and I have been working in the field of mental health since 2004, with over fourteen years experience in the counselling/therapy field. My private practice is pieceintopeace.com. In my practice, I create a safe space where my clients can feel relaxed and can openly speak, scream, cry, vent and charge forward with fierce determination to a more rewarding life. I offer a confidential, non-judgemental space where individuals, couples and families can have time and space to explore and understand their thoughts and feelings, helping them navigate through the complexities of family life, work, relationship etc.
My name is Peace Anumah and I have been working in the field of mental health since 2004, with over fourteen years experience in the counselling/therapy field. My private practice is pieceintopeace.com. In my practice, I create a safe space where my clients can feel relaxed and can openly speak, scream, cry, vent and charge forward with fierce determination to a more rewarding life. I offer a confidential, non-judgemental space where individuals, couples and families can have time and space to explore and understand their thoughts and feelings, helping them navigate through the complexities of family life, work, relationship etc.
01733 964323 View 01733 964323
Photo of Laura Bratley - Laura Bratley Counselling, BACP, Counsellor
Laura Bratley Counselling
Counsellor, BACP
Verified Verified
Lincoln LN2
Whatever your circumstance or reasons; anxiety, depression, relationships, or trauma and much more, counselling is a chance for you to talk and be heard. Focusing on improving your mental health, this is a chance for you to share your thoughts and feelings in a safe space, to enable you in your journey of healing.
Whatever your circumstance or reasons; anxiety, depression, relationships, or trauma and much more, counselling is a chance for you to talk and be heard. Focusing on improving your mental health, this is a chance for you to share your thoughts and feelings in a safe space, to enable you in your journey of healing.
01522 459265 View 01522 459265
Photo of Jody Lumley - Jody Lumley Counselling , MBACP, Counsellor
Jody Lumley Counselling
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Online Only
Reaching out for help and support can be one of the hardest things we will do but it takes absolute strength. Seeking help is not a sign of weakness. I am a BACP registered counsellor, qualified in 2016 and also trained in Rewind therapy. I am person centred at the core but I am also integrative as appropriate to suit the needs of the client. I have vast experience supporting clients from all backgrounds, including the emergency services. Having experience with ADHD, work related trauma, childhood trauma, all forms of abuse, self-harm, grief and loss, domestic violence, PTSD, complex PTSD and personality disorders.
Reaching out for help and support can be one of the hardest things we will do but it takes absolute strength. Seeking help is not a sign of weakness. I am a BACP registered counsellor, qualified in 2016 and also trained in Rewind therapy. I am person centred at the core but I am also integrative as appropriate to suit the needs of the client. I have vast experience supporting clients from all backgrounds, including the emergency services. Having experience with ADHD, work related trauma, childhood trauma, all forms of abuse, self-harm, grief and loss, domestic violence, PTSD, complex PTSD and personality disorders.
01522 302353 View 01522 302353
Photo of James O'Shea, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
James O'Shea
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Lincoln LN2
I have thirty years experience of working in mental health services and the NHS. I worked within the Lincoln Dynamic Specialty from 2007-16, as a Senior Adult Psychotherapist. I have completed a UKCP accredited training in Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy and come under the CPJA section of the UKCP. I have been an associate lecturer on the undergraduate psychology degree at Lincoln University. I have worked with individuals and groups offering short and longer term therapy. Like most explorative therapies, if people want to understand themselves better, then please get in contact. My website: www.jamesosheapsychotherapy.com -calendar
I have thirty years experience of working in mental health services and the NHS. I worked within the Lincoln Dynamic Specialty from 2007-16, as a Senior Adult Psychotherapist. I have completed a UKCP accredited training in Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy and come under the CPJA section of the UKCP. I have been an associate lecturer on the undergraduate psychology degree at Lincoln University. I have worked with individuals and groups offering short and longer term therapy. Like most explorative therapies, if people want to understand themselves better, then please get in contact. My website: www.jamesosheapsychotherapy.com -calendar
01522 440465 View 01522 440465
Photo of Scarlett Webster - Thrive Therapies and Coaching , MBACP, Counsellor
Thrive Therapies and Coaching
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Lincoln LN3
Accepting who you’ve been, Embracing who you are, Becoming all you can be. This is the journey I support clients on whatever challenges they may be facing. I offer a range of therapies in Lincoln or one-on-one video calls depending on your needs and location. Within this space I create a container in which we can safely explore challenges you may be facing in your life – whether they are historical, current or future orientated. This container creates an opportunity for you to connect with yourself more deeply as I support your process with the appropriate models and tools suitable for your needs and goals.
Accepting who you’ve been, Embracing who you are, Becoming all you can be. This is the journey I support clients on whatever challenges they may be facing. I offer a range of therapies in Lincoln or one-on-one video calls depending on your needs and location. Within this space I create a container in which we can safely explore challenges you may be facing in your life – whether they are historical, current or future orientated. This container creates an opportunity for you to connect with yourself more deeply as I support your process with the appropriate models and tools suitable for your needs and goals.
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See more therapy options for Lincoln

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Lincoln

90+

Average cost per session

£50

Counsellors in Lincoln who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
86% Self Esteem
84% Depression
80% Stress
74% Relationship Issues
72% Trauma and PTSD
71% Bereavement

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

54% Aviva
54% AXA PPP
42% Bupa

How Counsellors in Lincoln see their clients

81% In Person and Online
19% Online Only

Gender breakdown

85% Female
15% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Lincoln?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.