Counselling in Leeds

View neighbourhoods in Leeds
Photo of Dr Emma Sweeney, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Forensic Psych.
Dr Emma Sweeney
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Forensic Psych.
Leeds LS7
Waitlist for new clients
I am a practitioner psychologist with over 10 years of experience working in the independent sector. I offer psychological interventions for individuals with complex mental health needs, drawing from a range of therapeutic approaches. My specialist area of interest and skill set is working with people who have experienced trauma, which is the centre of my day to day work. In addition to offering private therapy, I am also the lead psychologist for an independent hospital which offers assessment and treatment for women and gender diverse individuals with complex mental health needs.
I am a practitioner psychologist with over 10 years of experience working in the independent sector. I offer psychological interventions for individuals with complex mental health needs, drawing from a range of therapeutic approaches. My specialist area of interest and skill set is working with people who have experienced trauma, which is the centre of my day to day work. In addition to offering private therapy, I am also the lead psychologist for an independent hospital which offers assessment and treatment for women and gender diverse individuals with complex mental health needs.
0113 467 8195 View 0113 467 8195
Photo of Amanda Bainbridge, Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP Snr. Accred
Amanda Bainbridge
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP Snr. Accred
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Does something need to change? Have you been feeling overwhelmed or frazzled, like everything’s getting on top of you? Do you want to improve your relationships and find more productive ways of communicating? Perhaps memories from your past are holding you back and you’ve decided it’s time to address them in a safe environment with a professional. Or maybe you’re looking for a new direction, a sense of having more agency in your life. If any of this sounds familiar, I might be able to help.
Does something need to change? Have you been feeling overwhelmed or frazzled, like everything’s getting on top of you? Do you want to improve your relationships and find more productive ways of communicating? Perhaps memories from your past are holding you back and you’ve decided it’s time to address them in a safe environment with a professional. Or maybe you’re looking for a new direction, a sense of having more agency in your life. If any of this sounds familiar, I might be able to help.
0113 733 7366 View 0113 733 7366
Photo of Vee Hartley, Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
Vee Hartley
Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
1 Endorsed
Leeds LS1
Feeling overwhelmed, burnt out, or disconnected from yourself, your relationships, or the parts of life that once felt meaningful? You’re not alone. Whether you're navigating trauma, neurodivergence, identity shifts, or transitions that feel hard to name, I offer a gentle, creative space to explore what support and reconnection can feel like. You won’t be rushed or expected to perform. My practice is grounded in trauma-informed care, offering a space shaped by safety and collaboration. We move at your pace, and your story is met with warmth, respect, and authenticity.
Feeling overwhelmed, burnt out, or disconnected from yourself, your relationships, or the parts of life that once felt meaningful? You’re not alone. Whether you're navigating trauma, neurodivergence, identity shifts, or transitions that feel hard to name, I offer a gentle, creative space to explore what support and reconnection can feel like. You won’t be rushed or expected to perform. My practice is grounded in trauma-informed care, offering a space shaped by safety and collaboration. We move at your pace, and your story is met with warmth, respect, and authenticity.
View
Photo of Jan Heline Freea, Counsellor, PsychD, MBACP
Jan Heline Freea
Counsellor, PsychD, MBACP
2 Endorsed
Leeds LS16
Hi my name is Jan Heline, I am a registered BSc Integrative Counsellor MBACP with 26 years experience. A clinical trauma-relational therapist and supervisor, play therapist and cultural sensitive Trauma informed Trainer. I work with people of all ages who have experienced mental health and complex trauma in schools, colleges, education. NHS, Foster and social care system, family services and in the community. I provide a range of interventions that help reduce physical and psychological ailments, depression, anxiety, self harm, loss, PTSD inter generational wounds, identity issues, self image, suicidal ideation, family issues.
Hi my name is Jan Heline, I am a registered BSc Integrative Counsellor MBACP with 26 years experience. A clinical trauma-relational therapist and supervisor, play therapist and cultural sensitive Trauma informed Trainer. I work with people of all ages who have experienced mental health and complex trauma in schools, colleges, education. NHS, Foster and social care system, family services and in the community. I provide a range of interventions that help reduce physical and psychological ailments, depression, anxiety, self harm, loss, PTSD inter generational wounds, identity issues, self image, suicidal ideation, family issues.
0113 519 7247 View 0113 519 7247
Photo of Debbie Clements - Debbie Clements Online MA. Snr. Acrd LGBTQiA Trans, Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP Snr. Accred
Debbie Clements Online MA. Snr. Acrd LGBTQiA Trans
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP Snr. Accred
Online Only
Snr accredited Psychotherapist (and Supervisor) with over 15 yrs experience delivering therapy and 25yrs in wider mental health support. Are you LGBTQIA+? Queer? Trans? Coming out/transitioning? Polyamorous/in an open relationship? Questioning your identity/life direction? Maybe you're facing a challenging work, health or relationship issue? Perhaps you're struggling with low mood, self-worth, anxiety, grief? I offer a welcoming, listening ear, an exploratory collaborative approach to help you gain clarity, relief and find ways forward with the issues that are troubling you. Phone or Video sessions available.
Snr accredited Psychotherapist (and Supervisor) with over 15 yrs experience delivering therapy and 25yrs in wider mental health support. Are you LGBTQIA+? Queer? Trans? Coming out/transitioning? Polyamorous/in an open relationship? Questioning your identity/life direction? Maybe you're facing a challenging work, health or relationship issue? Perhaps you're struggling with low mood, self-worth, anxiety, grief? I offer a welcoming, listening ear, an exploratory collaborative approach to help you gain clarity, relief and find ways forward with the issues that are troubling you. Phone or Video sessions available.
View
Photo of Ruth Murtagh - Ruth Murtagh Relationship Counselling, Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Ruth Murtagh Relationship Counselling
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Leeds LS8
Not accepting new clients
Are you looking for a therapist who you can trust to be a safe pair of hands? You may be an individual, or a couple, and feel weary and disconnected. You may find that discussions with your partner often end up in the same unhappy cycle each time, pushing you further apart and nothing gets resolved. You may be struggling to recover from an affair, or a feeling of betrayal. I work in a compassionate and supportive way- sometimes with a gentle challenge- untangling together what might be keeping you stuck. We will work towards whatever your goals and needs are. You might be surprised how small changes can really have a huge impact.
Are you looking for a therapist who you can trust to be a safe pair of hands? You may be an individual, or a couple, and feel weary and disconnected. You may find that discussions with your partner often end up in the same unhappy cycle each time, pushing you further apart and nothing gets resolved. You may be struggling to recover from an affair, or a feeling of betrayal. I work in a compassionate and supportive way- sometimes with a gentle challenge- untangling together what might be keeping you stuck. We will work towards whatever your goals and needs are. You might be surprised how small changes can really have a huge impact.
01937 221498 View 01937 221498
Photo of Natalie Freeman, Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, ACC Reg
Natalie Freeman
Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, ACC Reg
1 Endorsed
Leeds LS7
Is there a sense that life just doesn't feel quite right in some way. Do you feel that you are going through the motions and nothing seems to change. Are you struggling with relationships, work or a recent event or crises that has knocked you back. Perhaps you have experienced a loss whether that be a job, a relationship or loved one through bereavement. Or is the pain of your past feeling very much alive in your day to day life. You may be feeling overwhelmed, stressed or frustrated by your circumstances.
Is there a sense that life just doesn't feel quite right in some way. Do you feel that you are going through the motions and nothing seems to change. Are you struggling with relationships, work or a recent event or crises that has knocked you back. Perhaps you have experienced a loss whether that be a job, a relationship or loved one through bereavement. Or is the pain of your past feeling very much alive in your day to day life. You may be feeling overwhelmed, stressed or frustrated by your circumstances.
0113 487 2274 View 0113 487 2274
Photo of Elaine Chambers, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Elaine Chambers
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Leeds LS8
Ok! Is it time to do something about how you have been feeling? It could be that you have been struggling with your negative thoughts, work stress, health challenges, difficulties in your relationships, increased anxiety, low mood, or all of the above and then some. That is the first step, recognising that you can do something different right now to change the way you feel. You may or may not have sought support in the past but that was then, and this is now. It is never too late to put yourself first and prioritise what you need.
Ok! Is it time to do something about how you have been feeling? It could be that you have been struggling with your negative thoughts, work stress, health challenges, difficulties in your relationships, increased anxiety, low mood, or all of the above and then some. That is the first step, recognising that you can do something different right now to change the way you feel. You may or may not have sought support in the past but that was then, and this is now. It is never too late to put yourself first and prioritise what you need.
0113 519 5511 View 0113 519 5511
Photo of Samantha Jane Rawlings - SJR Counselling, Counsellor, MBACP
SJR Counselling
Counsellor, MBACP
2 Endorsed
Leeds LS25
Hi, I’m Sam, a Children’s Creative Counsellor. I bring sunshine into the lives of children, young people, and families. As a Person-Centred Counsellor and registered member of the BACP, I understand how important it is for young people to feel safe, seen, and heard. Whether your child is dealing with school anxieties, family changes, or just the ups and downs of growing up, I offer a supportive, confidential space where they can explore their thoughts and feelings freely. I'm here to help guide them through their challenges with care and understanding.
Hi, I’m Sam, a Children’s Creative Counsellor. I bring sunshine into the lives of children, young people, and families. As a Person-Centred Counsellor and registered member of the BACP, I understand how important it is for young people to feel safe, seen, and heard. Whether your child is dealing with school anxieties, family changes, or just the ups and downs of growing up, I offer a supportive, confidential space where they can explore their thoughts and feelings freely. I'm here to help guide them through their challenges with care and understanding.
01977 801654 View 01977 801654
Photo of Jim Adamson, Counsellor, MBACP
Jim Adamson
Counsellor, MBACP
Leeds LS20
HI I'm Jim. I work with clients with various mental health issues, but especially those involving anxiety and depression. Whether you're just looking for an empathetic ear or want a better understanding of feelings and what you can do with them, we can work together in a way that suits your needs in a private office 10 minutes' walk from Guiseley train station (or online).
HI I'm Jim. I work with clients with various mental health issues, but especially those involving anxiety and depression. Whether you're just looking for an empathetic ear or want a better understanding of feelings and what you can do with them, we can work together in a way that suits your needs in a private office 10 minutes' walk from Guiseley train station (or online).
01943 660552 View 01943 660552
Photo of Hannah Davies, Counsellor, BACP
Hannah Davies
Counsellor, BACP
Online Only
As a qualified person-centred counsellor, I want to create an environment to help you identify the tools you need. I am here to lend a kind and compassionate ear and help you reflect on your experiences and feelings. I offer a non-judgemental, open space for you to discuss your thoughts and feelings and be listened to. Person-centred counselling is all about you being the centre of our work together because you are the expert in your own life, my role is to work alongside you to help you better understand yourself and explore your feelings at your own pace. I welcome to all diversities and want to create a safe space for all.
As a qualified person-centred counsellor, I want to create an environment to help you identify the tools you need. I am here to lend a kind and compassionate ear and help you reflect on your experiences and feelings. I offer a non-judgemental, open space for you to discuss your thoughts and feelings and be listened to. Person-centred counselling is all about you being the centre of our work together because you are the expert in your own life, my role is to work alongside you to help you better understand yourself and explore your feelings at your own pace. I welcome to all diversities and want to create a safe space for all.
07344 494936 View 07344 494936
Photo of Mark Johnson, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Mark Johnson
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Leeds LS1
Autism and ADHD Counselling Specialist. I am a relational integrative counsellor/psychotherapist and a specialist in autism and ADHD counselling. I have a passion for helping neurodivergent people reach their full potential. At the foundation of my work is the therapeutic relationship, created in collaboration with each individual client. I believe that the therapeutic relationship is central to the counselling process, helping clients to explore ways in which they relate to themselves and others. My aim is to create an emotionally supportive environment tailored to the unique needs of each client.
Autism and ADHD Counselling Specialist. I am a relational integrative counsellor/psychotherapist and a specialist in autism and ADHD counselling. I have a passion for helping neurodivergent people reach their full potential. At the foundation of my work is the therapeutic relationship, created in collaboration with each individual client. I believe that the therapeutic relationship is central to the counselling process, helping clients to explore ways in which they relate to themselves and others. My aim is to create an emotionally supportive environment tailored to the unique needs of each client.
0113 519 1568 View 0113 519 1568
Photo of Ralph Claxton - REAP Counselling Services, Counsellor, BACP
REAP Counselling Services
Counsellor, BACP
Leeds LS7
There is no need to feel you have to cope on your own because I have over 30 years of experience of delivering counselling for various addictions, anxiety, depression, sexual identity, couple counselling, bereavement and loss. I can deliver clinical supervision and counselling individuals, couples, groups as well as to diploma students. My service is tailor made where sessions can be held at any preferred venue at a time and day suitable to you. We can work your issues out together.
There is no need to feel you have to cope on your own because I have over 30 years of experience of delivering counselling for various addictions, anxiety, depression, sexual identity, couple counselling, bereavement and loss. I can deliver clinical supervision and counselling individuals, couples, groups as well as to diploma students. My service is tailor made where sessions can be held at any preferred venue at a time and day suitable to you. We can work your issues out together.
0113 467 9228 View 0113 467 9228
Photo of Sarah Ward, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Sarah Ward
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Leeds LS1
Down-to-earth, warm and inclusive therapist and counsellor, with over 15 years’ experience in helping people with their mental and emotional health. I’m not a ‘blank slate’ therapist - I won’t sit in silence. I respect that therapy is a significant investment of your time, money and energy, so you can expect that I’ll be invested in you and your journey.
Down-to-earth, warm and inclusive therapist and counsellor, with over 15 years’ experience in helping people with their mental and emotional health. I’m not a ‘blank slate’ therapist - I won’t sit in silence. I respect that therapy is a significant investment of your time, money and energy, so you can expect that I’ll be invested in you and your journey.
View
Photo of Melinda Howard, Counsellor, MBACP
Melinda Howard
Counsellor, MBACP
Online Only
I am a Person-Centred counsellor and am registered with the British Association of Counsellors and Psychotherapists (BACP). My practice is client-lead and I work with adults facing a range of emotional and psychological difficulties; these include depression, anxiety, low self esteem, grief, bereavement and relationship issues. I also work with clients who struggle with self-harm and suicidal thoughts. As a counsellor, I believe my approach to you is one of compassion and calmness; I quickly establish a rapport and believe in the importance of validation and empowerment within a safe environment.
I am a Person-Centred counsellor and am registered with the British Association of Counsellors and Psychotherapists (BACP). My practice is client-lead and I work with adults facing a range of emotional and psychological difficulties; these include depression, anxiety, low self esteem, grief, bereavement and relationship issues. I also work with clients who struggle with self-harm and suicidal thoughts. As a counsellor, I believe my approach to you is one of compassion and calmness; I quickly establish a rapport and believe in the importance of validation and empowerment within a safe environment.
01937 228055 View 01937 228055
Photo of Sarah Woodroff, Counsellor, MBACP
Sarah Woodroff
Counsellor, MBACP
2 Endorsed
Leeds LS1
Hi, I'm Sarah and I offer approachable and down-to-earth therapy to individuals 18+ I pride myself on offering a friendly and professional service to make the process as comfortable as possible. I believe applying empathy and non-judgement allows for open and honest discussions so real positive changes can be made. I offer weekly or fortnightly weekday sessions. I offer morning, afternoon and evening sessions. Please check my website for current availability.
Hi, I'm Sarah and I offer approachable and down-to-earth therapy to individuals 18+ I pride myself on offering a friendly and professional service to make the process as comfortable as possible. I believe applying empathy and non-judgement allows for open and honest discussions so real positive changes can be made. I offer weekly or fortnightly weekday sessions. I offer morning, afternoon and evening sessions. Please check my website for current availability.
0113 519 4028 View 0113 519 4028
Photo of Elise Beckwith, Counsellor, BACP
Elise Beckwith
Counsellor, BACP
Leeds LS17
Hi my name is Elise, I am a fully qualified and experienced counsellor. I presume that you are visiting this site because you are contemplating starting some personal counselling. I know that this can be quite daunting, but this is the first and very brave step. We all strive to be content, self-aware and to have peace. I offer the Person-Centred Approach, and have experience working with, bereavement, anxiety, loss or ending of relationships,trauma, amongst many other issues. It is essential to find the correct support and professional guidance and for you finding what works best for you, which is my aim.
Hi my name is Elise, I am a fully qualified and experienced counsellor. I presume that you are visiting this site because you are contemplating starting some personal counselling. I know that this can be quite daunting, but this is the first and very brave step. We all strive to be content, self-aware and to have peace. I offer the Person-Centred Approach, and have experience working with, bereavement, anxiety, loss or ending of relationships,trauma, amongst many other issues. It is essential to find the correct support and professional guidance and for you finding what works best for you, which is my aim.
0113 487 2755 View 0113 487 2755
Photo of Tim Arnott, Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Tim Arnott
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Leeds LS1
Hi there and thank you for viewing my profile. I am a Masters Qualified BACP Registered Counsellor and Psychotherapist working in Leeds city centre (LS1) and York (YO41). As a therapist I help individuals talk about their feelings, think about their choices and help them to achieve positive changes in their lives through the counselling process. I use an integrative model of counselling & psychotherapy which involves a wide range of counselling theories such as psychodynamic and person-centred therapy.
Hi there and thank you for viewing my profile. I am a Masters Qualified BACP Registered Counsellor and Psychotherapist working in Leeds city centre (LS1) and York (YO41). As a therapist I help individuals talk about their feelings, think about their choices and help them to achieve positive changes in their lives through the counselling process. I use an integrative model of counselling & psychotherapy which involves a wide range of counselling theories such as psychodynamic and person-centred therapy.
0113 467 6816 View 0113 467 6816
Photo of David Stevens, Counsellor, MBACP
David Stevens
Counsellor, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I am a BACP registered counsellor based in Leeds, UK with experience supporting clients through a wide range of challenges, including stress, anxiety, workplace burnout, men’s mental health, and the difficulties that come with feeling stuck or overwhelmed. I also work with people navigating grief, trauma, and major life decisions. My style is straightforward, down-to-earth, and supportive. I believe counselling should feel like a genuine conversation, not a clinical interview. I offer a safe and respectful space where you can be open without fear of judgement, and together we work at a pace that suits you.
I am a BACP registered counsellor based in Leeds, UK with experience supporting clients through a wide range of challenges, including stress, anxiety, workplace burnout, men’s mental health, and the difficulties that come with feeling stuck or overwhelmed. I also work with people navigating grief, trauma, and major life decisions. My style is straightforward, down-to-earth, and supportive. I believe counselling should feel like a genuine conversation, not a clinical interview. I offer a safe and respectful space where you can be open without fear of judgement, and together we work at a pace that suits you.
020 4572 0345 View 020 4572 0345
Photo of Victoria Risser, Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Victoria Risser
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Leeds LS26
Hi, I'm Vicky. Are you feeling stuck in your life? Are you tired of repeating the same, unhelpful, behaviour patterns? Perhaps you've had a major loss or life transition and feel that you've lost your direction? I am a UKCP registered psychotherapist who has worked with individuals and groups for seven years in my private practice and in a specialist addictions treatment centre.
Hi, I'm Vicky. Are you feeling stuck in your life? Are you tired of repeating the same, unhelpful, behaviour patterns? Perhaps you've had a major loss or life transition and feel that you've lost your direction? I am a UKCP registered psychotherapist who has worked with individuals and groups for seven years in my private practice and in a specialist addictions treatment centre.
0113 519 1046 View 0113 519 1046

See more therapy options for Leeds

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Leeds

500+

Average cost per session

£60

Counsellors in Leeds who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
86% Depression
84% Self Esteem
82% Stress
79% Relationship Issues
71% Trauma and PTSD
66% Bereavement

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

76% Aviva
67% Bupa
66% AXA PPP

How Counsellors in Leeds see their clients

73% In Person and Online
27% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
23% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Leeds?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.