Photo of Candice Omer, Psychotherapist
Candice Omer
Psychotherapist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hull HU8
Hi I'm Candice. Starting therapy can seem daunting, and it’s a brave step to make. I hope to be able to support, to listen and to help make positive changes for whatever reason you are seeking therapy. Sharing your story may seem scary and that may seem like the hardest part, but I hope to be able to create a trusting, warm and safe relationship with you so that your story can be heard, whatever that may be and we can take steps together to make positive changes. Together we will explore any challenges you are facing and work towards goals that you are hoping to achieve.
Hi I'm Candice. Starting therapy can seem daunting, and it’s a brave step to make. I hope to be able to support, to listen and to help make positive changes for whatever reason you are seeking therapy. Sharing your story may seem scary and that may seem like the hardest part, but I hope to be able to create a trusting, warm and safe relationship with you so that your story can be heard, whatever that may be and we can take steps together to make positive changes. Together we will explore any challenges you are facing and work towards goals that you are hoping to achieve.
01482 699441 View 01482 699441
Photo of Nicky Jackson, BACP, Counsellor
Nicky Jackson
Counsellor, BACP
Verified Verified
Hull HU5
Hello, my name is Nicky and I am an Integrative & Transactional Analysis Psychotherapeutic Counsellor. I am here to listen and gentle guide you on your own therapeutic journey in a safe space just for you. I really want for you to be seen and heard. I would like to be by your side whilst you process through those thoughts, feelings and actions that may be causing you difficulties at this time. This is your time for you, to learn more about who you are and how you are in this world. I look forward to meeting you.
Hello, my name is Nicky and I am an Integrative & Transactional Analysis Psychotherapeutic Counsellor. I am here to listen and gentle guide you on your own therapeutic journey in a safe space just for you. I really want for you to be seen and heard. I would like to be by your side whilst you process through those thoughts, feelings and actions that may be causing you difficulties at this time. This is your time for you, to learn more about who you are and how you are in this world. I look forward to meeting you.
01482 423010 View 01482 423010
Photo of Janice Quinn, MBACP, Counsellor
Janice Quinn
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hull HU11
I am an integrative counsellor with experience of working with adults and teenagers who have had difficulty coping with bereavement, anxiety, stress, depression, low self-esteem, anger management, relationships, eating disorders and other issues. I want to assure my clients that I will be non-judgemental in my approach, honest and trustworthy and that my clients will be treated with respect. I hope my clients can find comfort in sharing their anxieties with me and together a good therapeutic relationship can be developed. ​ I have a person-centred approach in counselling and I am registered with the BACP.
I am an integrative counsellor with experience of working with adults and teenagers who have had difficulty coping with bereavement, anxiety, stress, depression, low self-esteem, anger management, relationships, eating disorders and other issues. I want to assure my clients that I will be non-judgemental in my approach, honest and trustworthy and that my clients will be treated with respect. I hope my clients can find comfort in sharing their anxieties with me and together a good therapeutic relationship can be developed. ​ I have a person-centred approach in counselling and I am registered with the BACP.
01964 775829 View 01964 775829
Photo of Shalina C. H. Wong - Shalina Wong Psychological Services, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Shalina Wong Psychological Services
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Hull HU5
Are you struggling with some stressors and worried that you’ve developed some depressive, anxiety or post-traumatic stress symptoms? I have been specialized in the treatment of trauma and different anxiety disorders for many years and work as a clinical psychologist for more than 20 years. I've got experience working in the community setting in Hong Kong and the NHS. Most of my clients have provided positive feedback for my psychological services.
Are you struggling with some stressors and worried that you’ve developed some depressive, anxiety or post-traumatic stress symptoms? I have been specialized in the treatment of trauma and different anxiety disorders for many years and work as a clinical psychologist for more than 20 years. I've got experience working in the community setting in Hong Kong and the NHS. Most of my clients have provided positive feedback for my psychological services.
01482 429275 View 01482 429275
Photo of Mandi Weymes - A New Beginning Therapies, DCounsPsych, MBACP, Counsellor
A New Beginning Therapies
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hull HU10
Welcome to A New Beginning Therapies. We are a highly recommended team of qualified & experienced therapists providing counselling, therapy & life coaching for all types of emotional issues, to women, men, couples & children of all ages. We are proud to be here to help you with the difficult problems that are holding you back in your life. We have available appointments during the day, evening & weekend. Our fast booking system can get you booked in straight away. * WE OFFER THERAPY VIA ZOOM NATIONWIDE & FACE-FACE IN OUR HULL CITY CENTRE LOCATION *
Welcome to A New Beginning Therapies. We are a highly recommended team of qualified & experienced therapists providing counselling, therapy & life coaching for all types of emotional issues, to women, men, couples & children of all ages. We are proud to be here to help you with the difficult problems that are holding you back in your life. We have available appointments during the day, evening & weekend. Our fast booking system can get you booked in straight away. * WE OFFER THERAPY VIA ZOOM NATIONWIDE & FACE-FACE IN OUR HULL CITY CENTRE LOCATION *
01482 947739 View 01482 947739
Photo of Kerry Holden-Anderson - Kerneo Therapy Mental Health & Wellness Service, MNCPS Acc., Counsellor
Kerneo Therapy Mental Health & Wellness Service
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Hull HU3
The decision to have counselling is a really brave one, and it might be difficult to know if it’s the right time for you. You can have counselling for all sorts of reasons, and there’s no such thing as a right or wrong one. You might be feeling overwhelmed or anxious; perhaps you’ve experienced a bereavement or a relationship breakdown, or you might not know what the reason is, and that is okay. Sometimes therapy is difficult, and it can bring up things that are hard to face, but you don’t have to do so alone.
The decision to have counselling is a really brave one, and it might be difficult to know if it’s the right time for you. You can have counselling for all sorts of reasons, and there’s no such thing as a right or wrong one. You might be feeling overwhelmed or anxious; perhaps you’ve experienced a bereavement or a relationship breakdown, or you might not know what the reason is, and that is okay. Sometimes therapy is difficult, and it can bring up things that are hard to face, but you don’t have to do so alone.
01482 736137 View 01482 736137
Photo of Jo Gibson
Jo Gibson
Verified Verified
Hull HU5
Acknowledging that you are struggling to cope with the daily life is hard and the first step to taking control of your life. Often people don’t feel that their problems are worth contacting a therapist about, as "others have it worse" and try to push the uncomfortable feelings away and carry on. Therapy isn't about blaming yourself or passing responsibility it's about working together with another individual to validate your experiences and understand your patterns of behaviour. We will then work together to help you make positive changes for a more fulfilled life. I am a therapist and supervisor and work with teens and adults.
Acknowledging that you are struggling to cope with the daily life is hard and the first step to taking control of your life. Often people don’t feel that their problems are worth contacting a therapist about, as "others have it worse" and try to push the uncomfortable feelings away and carry on. Therapy isn't about blaming yourself or passing responsibility it's about working together with another individual to validate your experiences and understand your patterns of behaviour. We will then work together to help you make positive changes for a more fulfilled life. I am a therapist and supervisor and work with teens and adults.
01482 699740 View 01482 699740
Photo of Denise McCunnell - The Trauma Centre (Hull and East Riding), MSc, MNCPS Acc., Counsellor
The Trauma Centre (Hull and East Riding)
Counsellor, MSc, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Hull HU5
Waitlist for new clients
Co-founder, Denise McCunnell BEM, MSc, MNCS (Accred) and her colleagues at The Trauma Centre provide specialist counselling and psychotherapy for adult male survivors of psychological and sexual abuse in childhood, adult sexual violence, domestic abuse, sexual exploitation, slavery and human trafficking. Therapy is also available for Armed Forces personnel, including veterans.
Co-founder, Denise McCunnell BEM, MSc, MNCS (Accred) and her colleagues at The Trauma Centre provide specialist counselling and psychotherapy for adult male survivors of psychological and sexual abuse in childhood, adult sexual violence, domestic abuse, sexual exploitation, slavery and human trafficking. Therapy is also available for Armed Forces personnel, including veterans.
07966 941254 View 07966 941254
Photo of Ria White
Ria White
Verified Verified
Online Only
I work with individuals aged 18 years & over, offering you support through the challenges that life can bring, helping you to navigate your way through to feel better & more able to cope, whilst working through difficult feelings like overwhelm, anxiety & stress. I have a keen interest in working with relationship difficulties, having my own personal & professional experience & knowledge in this. I understand the turmoil and impact this can create in self & other relationships around you, whether this be with your partner, children, family, friendships or colleagues.
I work with individuals aged 18 years & over, offering you support through the challenges that life can bring, helping you to navigate your way through to feel better & more able to cope, whilst working through difficult feelings like overwhelm, anxiety & stress. I have a keen interest in working with relationship difficulties, having my own personal & professional experience & knowledge in this. I understand the turmoil and impact this can create in self & other relationships around you, whether this be with your partner, children, family, friendships or colleagues.
01482 428735 View 01482 428735
Photo of Suzanne Oades, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Suzanne Oades
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hull HU9
Choosing the right therapist can be quite the journey, can't it? Your therapy journey is deeply personal, so it's important to feel comfortable and confident in your choice. Wherever you are are and wherever you have come from, you are welcome here. Reach out to schedule a consultation to see if we're a good fit -you can ask questions, share concerns, and get a sense of our potential collaboration and see if we can create a path to your authentic self, together.
Choosing the right therapist can be quite the journey, can't it? Your therapy journey is deeply personal, so it's important to feel comfortable and confident in your choice. Wherever you are are and wherever you have come from, you are welcome here. Reach out to schedule a consultation to see if we're a good fit -you can ask questions, share concerns, and get a sense of our potential collaboration and see if we can create a path to your authentic self, together.
01482 736038 View 01482 736038
Photo of Lucy Robinson, MUKCP, Counsellor
Lucy Robinson
Counsellor, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Hull HU10
Sometimes we need to talk.... and to feel heard. I'm a UKCP registered Level 6 Integrative Transactional Analysis (TA) Psychotherapeutic Counsellor, based near Hull, East Yorkshire. Whilst TA is my core approach, I work integratively and incorporate many other techniques into my practice. I have worked in social care and mental health services for the past 20 years. supporting individuals to work through many and varied difficulties
Sometimes we need to talk.... and to feel heard. I'm a UKCP registered Level 6 Integrative Transactional Analysis (TA) Psychotherapeutic Counsellor, based near Hull, East Yorkshire. Whilst TA is my core approach, I work integratively and incorporate many other techniques into my practice. I have worked in social care and mental health services for the past 20 years. supporting individuals to work through many and varied difficulties
01482 428719 View 01482 428719
Photo of Mary Ablett - Cloud Counselling, MUKCP, Counsellor
Cloud Counselling
Counsellor, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Hull HU4
Hello my name is Mary, I am an Psychotherapeutic Counsellor. One of the hardest things is to admit you need help and then to ask for it, but we all need help at some point in our lives. I feel privileged to be able to work with both adults and teens. I pride myself in providing a supportive, friendly, non-judgemental, safe and confidential space for my clients. I will be by your side on your therapy journey which may feel uncomfortable at times but I also believe there is a place in the therapy room for smiles. My friendly private practice is run with Clinical Supervision, fully insured and have full clinical UKCP accreditation.
Hello my name is Mary, I am an Psychotherapeutic Counsellor. One of the hardest things is to admit you need help and then to ask for it, but we all need help at some point in our lives. I feel privileged to be able to work with both adults and teens. I pride myself in providing a supportive, friendly, non-judgemental, safe and confidential space for my clients. I will be by your side on your therapy journey which may feel uncomfortable at times but I also believe there is a place in the therapy room for smiles. My friendly private practice is run with Clinical Supervision, fully insured and have full clinical UKCP accreditation.
01482 251673 View 01482 251673
Photo of Jo Irvin, MBACP, Counsellor
Jo Irvin
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hull HU11
I help clients with their struggles, whatever they may be. I help them realise their own potential and make the changes they need to grow. I believe the relationship between the client and myself is THE most important thing in the therapy room. I hope I always provide a non-judgemental and safe environment in order for clients to sit and be their true selves.
I help clients with their struggles, whatever they may be. I help them realise their own potential and make the changes they need to grow. I believe the relationship between the client and myself is THE most important thing in the therapy room. I hope I always provide a non-judgemental and safe environment in order for clients to sit and be their true selves.
01482 947650 View 01482 947650
Photo of Stewart Scarr, MNCPS Acc., Counsellor
Stewart Scarr
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hull HU5
Hi, I think we all go through things in life that shape us and affect us in some way. Some of those things are very positive for us and some not so much. We can often feel stuck in a particular place or a pattern of thinking or behaviour perhaps. We know it doesn't feel right but we seem unable to do anything about it.
Hi, I think we all go through things in life that shape us and affect us in some way. Some of those things are very positive for us and some not so much. We can often feel stuck in a particular place or a pattern of thinking or behaviour perhaps. We know it doesn't feel right but we seem unable to do anything about it.
01482 947868 View 01482 947868
Photo of Jane Linley, PNCPS Acc., Counsellor
Jane Linley
Counsellor, PNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hull HU12
Life can leave us feeling "wounded". At times life can feel confusing, difficult, painful, miserable, and so much more. In those moments we need to talk because holding it all in can be even more agonising. It may be that you are unsure of what it is you would like to explore, or you are aware that something does not feel right, or you don't know who you are anymore. Talking about the things that are affecting your life can transform YOU, because talking aims to help you deal with and overcome things that are causing you emotional pain or making you feel uncomfortable. Talking can offer you a safe space to explore yourself.
Life can leave us feeling "wounded". At times life can feel confusing, difficult, painful, miserable, and so much more. In those moments we need to talk because holding it all in can be even more agonising. It may be that you are unsure of what it is you would like to explore, or you are aware that something does not feel right, or you don't know who you are anymore. Talking about the things that are affecting your life can transform YOU, because talking aims to help you deal with and overcome things that are causing you emotional pain or making you feel uncomfortable. Talking can offer you a safe space to explore yourself.
07935 116813 View 07935 116813
Photo of Dee Ingram, MA, MBACP, Counsellor
Dee Ingram
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hull HU5
Do you find yourself doing all the giving in relationships and not getting much back? Do you have empathy for others but find it difficult to express your own needs? Maybe you struggle with saying no and setting boundaries. Or you put down a boundary but then break it because you feel guilty. Do you feel anxious in social situations and compare yourself negatively against others? You might have tried tips from self-help books or social media with limited success or read about the importance of self-love without really knowing what this would look like or how to achieve it. Therapy can help.
Do you find yourself doing all the giving in relationships and not getting much back? Do you have empathy for others but find it difficult to express your own needs? Maybe you struggle with saying no and setting boundaries. Or you put down a boundary but then break it because you feel guilty. Do you feel anxious in social situations and compare yourself negatively against others? You might have tried tips from self-help books or social media with limited success or read about the importance of self-love without really knowing what this would look like or how to achieve it. Therapy can help.
01482 423003 View 01482 423003
Photo of Dr Claire Wilson, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Claire Wilson
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Hull HU1
I'm Dr Claire Wilson, Clinical Psychologist and Director of The Psychology Place. Covering Hull and East Riding we can offer a range of therapies by highly qualified and experienced Clinical Psychologists working with the full age range from children to adults. Our Director Dr Claire Wilson is a highly experienced Clinical Psychologist and trauma specialist having held senior NHS roles in adult and child mental health services. We offer a range of services including specialist therapy, assessment and expert witness work. In all areas Dr Wilson brings her specialist trauma skills and knowledge and considerable expertise.
I'm Dr Claire Wilson, Clinical Psychologist and Director of The Psychology Place. Covering Hull and East Riding we can offer a range of therapies by highly qualified and experienced Clinical Psychologists working with the full age range from children to adults. Our Director Dr Claire Wilson is a highly experienced Clinical Psychologist and trauma specialist having held senior NHS roles in adult and child mental health services. We offer a range of services including specialist therapy, assessment and expert witness work. In all areas Dr Wilson brings her specialist trauma skills and knowledge and considerable expertise.
View
Photo of Lidia Babas, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Lidia Babas
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Hull HU5
Acknowledging that you need to talk to someone else other than a family member or a friend is the first step, which can be very challenging. I understand it takes courage to share your vulnerable parts with someone you don’t know but I also believe that it can be very powerful, and a life changing experience. In my work I provide a space, where you can discover things about yourself you perhaps haven’t been aware of before. I am passionate about connecting with an inner child we sometimes dismiss or forget about due to demands, and responsibilities that life brings.
Acknowledging that you need to talk to someone else other than a family member or a friend is the first step, which can be very challenging. I understand it takes courage to share your vulnerable parts with someone you don’t know but I also believe that it can be very powerful, and a life changing experience. In my work I provide a space, where you can discover things about yourself you perhaps haven’t been aware of before. I am passionate about connecting with an inner child we sometimes dismiss or forget about due to demands, and responsibilities that life brings.
01482 947379 View 01482 947379
Photo of Corinne Beuzelin, MBACP, Counsellor
Corinne Beuzelin
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hull HU1
Not accepting new clients
Hello, welcome to my page. I am an experienced therapist, fluent in English and French, specialised in counselling Autistic individuals aged 16+ and couples where one or both partners are Autistic. I am Autistic myself. I offer counselling to parents, carers. I run a group for young people and adults age 18+ on the more independent end of the spectrum called GAP-Giving Autistics power. Please contact me if you are interested in attending. I also offer more general counselling for issues like depression and anxiety. I offer face to face and online counselling Please Note : I will reply to weekend enquiries on Mondays.
Hello, welcome to my page. I am an experienced therapist, fluent in English and French, specialised in counselling Autistic individuals aged 16+ and couples where one or both partners are Autistic. I am Autistic myself. I offer counselling to parents, carers. I run a group for young people and adults age 18+ on the more independent end of the spectrum called GAP-Giving Autistics power. Please contact me if you are interested in attending. I also offer more general counselling for issues like depression and anxiety. I offer face to face and online counselling Please Note : I will reply to weekend enquiries on Mondays.
07480 785277 View 07480 785277
Photo of Debbie Thomson - Debbie Thomson Therapy, MUKCP, Counsellor
Debbie Thomson Therapy
Counsellor, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Hull HU10
Waitlist for new clients
Hello, I’m Debbie, a qualified Transactional Analysis (TA) Integrative Psychotherapist, accredited with UKCP. I prefer to work with clients face to face but I do work online too. Having worked in mental health services for almost 20 years, I developed significant experience and a genuine passion in helping people with mental health difficulties. In particular, adults and young people struggling with eating disorders or eating difficulties, and obsessive-compulsive behaviours. I am, however, open to working with any difficulty in life you may be facing. I mainly work with adults but will work with young people 16+.
Hello, I’m Debbie, a qualified Transactional Analysis (TA) Integrative Psychotherapist, accredited with UKCP. I prefer to work with clients face to face but I do work online too. Having worked in mental health services for almost 20 years, I developed significant experience and a genuine passion in helping people with mental health difficulties. In particular, adults and young people struggling with eating disorders or eating difficulties, and obsessive-compulsive behaviours. I am, however, open to working with any difficulty in life you may be facing. I mainly work with adults but will work with young people 16+.
01482 736095 View 01482 736095
1

See more therapy options for Hull

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Hull

70+

Average cost per session

£50

Counsellors in Hull who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
90% Depression
84% Self Esteem
78% Stress
77% Relationship Issues
73% Trauma and PTSD
71% Bereavement

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

70% Aviva
60% AXA PPP
55% Bupa

How Counsellors in Hull see their clients

88% In Person and Online
12% Online Only

Gender breakdown

90% Female
10% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Hull?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.