Counselling in Hove

Photo of Rich Taylor, Counsellor, MBACP
Rich Taylor
Counsellor, MBACP
3 Endorsed
Hove BN3
A warm hello to you, as you search for support. The search itself can be stressful, on top of whatever you're already struggling with. When life is difficult, some things can be too hard or futile to carry alone. 20 years of experience has consistently proven to me (and my clients) that talking with someone trained to really listen can make a profound difference. I’ve been accompanying people for a long time. I've heard, understood, supported and facilitated a lot. It's an honour to be someone you can lean on, who you can risk being honest with. I'm there as you find your way to a steadier, clearer, more peaceful sense of yourself.
A warm hello to you, as you search for support. The search itself can be stressful, on top of whatever you're already struggling with. When life is difficult, some things can be too hard or futile to carry alone. 20 years of experience has consistently proven to me (and my clients) that talking with someone trained to really listen can make a profound difference. I’ve been accompanying people for a long time. I've heard, understood, supported and facilitated a lot. It's an honour to be someone you can lean on, who you can risk being honest with. I'm there as you find your way to a steadier, clearer, more peaceful sense of yourself.
01273 110934 View 01273 110934
Photo of Stephanie West, Psychotherapist, MSc, BACP
Stephanie West
Psychotherapist, MSc, BACP
1 Endorsed
Hove BN3
I offer psychodynamic psychotherapy and meet with those I work with at least once a week for a fifty minute session. This type of psychotherapy encourages curiosity and reflection about the links between our present and our past, as well as thoughts, fears, and hopes that may be below the surface. Currently I have a vacancy for intensive (three times a week) psychotherapy for a reduced fee. Please get in touch if this is something you are interested in.
I offer psychodynamic psychotherapy and meet with those I work with at least once a week for a fifty minute session. This type of psychotherapy encourages curiosity and reflection about the links between our present and our past, as well as thoughts, fears, and hopes that may be below the surface. Currently I have a vacancy for intensive (three times a week) psychotherapy for a reduced fee. Please get in touch if this is something you are interested in.
01273 110483 View 01273 110483
Photo of Alison Newton, Counsellor, MBACP
Alison Newton
Counsellor, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Hove BN3
I understand how hard getting support can feel; not knowing how talking might help or if you’re ready to let someone share your inner world. Finding the right fit for you shouldn’t also be part of the struggle. Most people come to therapy to stop hiding. But for Neurodivergent and LGBTQ+ communities, the therapy can sometimes feel like another place where you must mask, explain yourself, or justify your sensory needs. Whether you’re processing or exploring ADHD/Autism/AuDHD, exploring your gender or sexuality, or just ‘managing’ living in an inhospitable world, I provide a space where you don't have to translate yourself.
I understand how hard getting support can feel; not knowing how talking might help or if you’re ready to let someone share your inner world. Finding the right fit for you shouldn’t also be part of the struggle. Most people come to therapy to stop hiding. But for Neurodivergent and LGBTQ+ communities, the therapy can sometimes feel like another place where you must mask, explain yourself, or justify your sensory needs. Whether you’re processing or exploring ADHD/Autism/AuDHD, exploring your gender or sexuality, or just ‘managing’ living in an inhospitable world, I provide a space where you don't have to translate yourself.
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Photo of Nadia Umwali, Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Nadia Umwali
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Hove BN3
I’m an integrative therapist supporting adults with anxiety, depression, OCD, ADHD-related difficulties, family issues, and emotional overwhelm. I offer a warm, non-judgmental space where you can feel genuinely seen and emotionally understood. Our work is trauma-informed, relational, and guided at a pace that feels right for you.
I’m an integrative therapist supporting adults with anxiety, depression, OCD, ADHD-related difficulties, family issues, and emotional overwhelm. I offer a warm, non-judgmental space where you can feel genuinely seen and emotionally understood. Our work is trauma-informed, relational, and guided at a pace that feels right for you.
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Photo of Charlotte Leyburn, Counsellor, MA, MBACP Accred
Charlotte Leyburn
Counsellor, MA, MBACP Accred
Hove BN3
Hello and welcome. Perhaps you are anxious, sad or overwhelmed. Maybe you want to make sense of confusing or painful experiences. Perhaps life is feeling really difficult right now and you're not sure how to move forward. I offer a space away from the pressures of everyday life where you can come to understand yourself better, find new perspectives and different ways of responding to life's inevitable challenges. Each counselling relationship is unique and I aim to work with whatever you bring in a way that feels supportive and empathic.
Hello and welcome. Perhaps you are anxious, sad or overwhelmed. Maybe you want to make sense of confusing or painful experiences. Perhaps life is feeling really difficult right now and you're not sure how to move forward. I offer a space away from the pressures of everyday life where you can come to understand yourself better, find new perspectives and different ways of responding to life's inevitable challenges. Each counselling relationship is unique and I aim to work with whatever you bring in a way that feels supportive and empathic.
01273 092418 View 01273 092418
Photo of Gabrielle Lake Mitchell, Counsellor, MBACP
Gabrielle Lake Mitchell
Counsellor, MBACP
Hove BN3
Everyday pressures and unexpected challenges can leave you feeling anxious, stressed, or overwhelmed. It can be hard to know where to start or who to talk to.
Everyday pressures and unexpected challenges can leave you feeling anxious, stressed, or overwhelmed. It can be hard to know where to start or who to talk to.
01273 934604 View 01273 934604
Photo of Chadia Marie Aboutaka, Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Chadia Marie Aboutaka
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Hove BN3
I offer psychodynamic psychotherapy for people experiencing anxiety, depression, low mood, and emotional overwhelm, particularly during times of transition such as menopause, solo parenting, relationship difficulties, and bereavement and loss. Many clients come when they feel they have been coping for a long time but are now feeling exhausted, stuck, or disconnected from themselves and unsure how to move forward. My approach is thoughtful and exploratory, helping you make sense of underlying emotional patterns and how past experiences, including childhood trauma, may continue to shape current feelings and relationships.
I offer psychodynamic psychotherapy for people experiencing anxiety, depression, low mood, and emotional overwhelm, particularly during times of transition such as menopause, solo parenting, relationship difficulties, and bereavement and loss. Many clients come when they feel they have been coping for a long time but are now feeling exhausted, stuck, or disconnected from themselves and unsure how to move forward. My approach is thoughtful and exploratory, helping you make sense of underlying emotional patterns and how past experiences, including childhood trauma, may continue to shape current feelings and relationships.
01273 115824 View 01273 115824
Photo of Lucienne Rosalie Billy, Counsellor, MA, UKCP Trainee
Lucienne Rosalie Billy
Counsellor, MA, UKCP Trainee
Hove BN3
When we take the time to turn inward, we often find old wounds that are still oozing, or outdated patterns that are unhelpful and keep us trapped. Rather than ruminating, reaching out for help can signify the start of a transformative journey towards healing and self-awakening. I would feel honoured to accompany you on this path, providing a safe container to explore your inner world. I am a therapist-in-training at the Institute of Psychosynthesis and offer a dynamic and non-judgemental space where you can show up as you are.
When we take the time to turn inward, we often find old wounds that are still oozing, or outdated patterns that are unhelpful and keep us trapped. Rather than ruminating, reaching out for help can signify the start of a transformative journey towards healing and self-awakening. I would feel honoured to accompany you on this path, providing a safe container to explore your inner world. I am a therapist-in-training at the Institute of Psychosynthesis and offer a dynamic and non-judgemental space where you can show up as you are.
01273 110815 View 01273 110815
Photo of Theresa de Prey, Counsellor, MBACP
Theresa de Prey
Counsellor, MBACP
Hove BN3
Hi, my name is Theresa. If emotions, behaviours or substances you use to cope are just not working for you any more please contact me. Perhaps you feel isolated, misunderstood, unheard or that you are hiding your real self from others. This may express itself in social anxiety, depression, substance use or avoiding difficult conversations. Together we can look at how your past experience continues to affect your present. If appropriate we can also look at developing tools to help you move towards a happier and heathier future. I work actively in sessions asking questions and suggesting links to your past when appropriate.
Hi, my name is Theresa. If emotions, behaviours or substances you use to cope are just not working for you any more please contact me. Perhaps you feel isolated, misunderstood, unheard or that you are hiding your real self from others. This may express itself in social anxiety, depression, substance use or avoiding difficult conversations. Together we can look at how your past experience continues to affect your present. If appropriate we can also look at developing tools to help you move towards a happier and heathier future. I work actively in sessions asking questions and suggesting links to your past when appropriate.
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Photo of Luke Beale, Counsellor, MBACP
Luke Beale
Counsellor, MBACP
Hove BN3
Can you imagine how it’d feel to be less overwhelmed, to ease your anxiety, to be less plagued by self-doubt, to find relationships easier? As a Humanistic counsellor I can help you change – to find calm, a clearer mind, to be more self-confident, and find more fulfilment in your relationships. Life can be difficult sometimes, and it might feel like you’ve been alone in this. But I promise you it doesn’t have to be this hard. Counselling can be a great way to help, so you’re doing the right thing by starting to reach out for help.
Can you imagine how it’d feel to be less overwhelmed, to ease your anxiety, to be less plagued by self-doubt, to find relationships easier? As a Humanistic counsellor I can help you change – to find calm, a clearer mind, to be more self-confident, and find more fulfilment in your relationships. Life can be difficult sometimes, and it might feel like you’ve been alone in this. But I promise you it doesn’t have to be this hard. Counselling can be a great way to help, so you’re doing the right thing by starting to reach out for help.
01903 497433 View 01903 497433
Photo of lisa miller williamson, Counsellor, MBACP
lisa miller williamson
Counsellor, MBACP
Hove BN3
I am a psychosexually-informed humanistic counsellor, offering support to individual adults with a diverse range of concerns. Human beings are fundamentally social creatures, shaped by core relationships during childhood and beyond. Together, we can explore how you relate to yourself and others, helping identify patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving that you would like to challenge in order to enjoy more fulfilling relationships. I offer a warm, safe and accepting space for becoming curious about how it feels to be you right now. Whatever you choose to share will be met with compassion and sensitivity.
I am a psychosexually-informed humanistic counsellor, offering support to individual adults with a diverse range of concerns. Human beings are fundamentally social creatures, shaped by core relationships during childhood and beyond. Together, we can explore how you relate to yourself and others, helping identify patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving that you would like to challenge in order to enjoy more fulfilling relationships. I offer a warm, safe and accepting space for becoming curious about how it feels to be you right now. Whatever you choose to share will be met with compassion and sensitivity.
01273 115055 View 01273 115055
Photo of Emma Alexander, Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Emma Alexander
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Hove BN3
You may be feeling lost, stuck, or unfulfilled, with a sense that life isn’t quite working in the way it once did. You might be navigating anxiety, low mood, trauma, sleep difficulties, or neurodivergence such as ADHD, and feeling unsure how this fits into your sense of self. I’m a BABCP-accredited CBT therapist with a professional background in social work and almost ten years’ experience across NHS and private practice. I offer thoughtful, integrative therapy that balances practical support with depth and exploration. I often draw on modalities such as Acceptance and Commitment therapy, compassion focussed therapy and mindfulness.
You may be feeling lost, stuck, or unfulfilled, with a sense that life isn’t quite working in the way it once did. You might be navigating anxiety, low mood, trauma, sleep difficulties, or neurodivergence such as ADHD, and feeling unsure how this fits into your sense of self. I’m a BABCP-accredited CBT therapist with a professional background in social work and almost ten years’ experience across NHS and private practice. I offer thoughtful, integrative therapy that balances practical support with depth and exploration. I often draw on modalities such as Acceptance and Commitment therapy, compassion focussed therapy and mindfulness.
01273 115419 View 01273 115419
Photo of Andrea Mills, Counsellor, MBACP
Andrea Mills
Counsellor, MBACP
Hove BN3
I work with adults presenting with all sorts of issues like anxiety and depression, feelings of being stuck, or alone, or simply a sense of not really knowing quite who you are. The main task of psychotherapy, in my view, is for us to work together to understand why you operate the way you do, what that means for you, and how it impacts your life. This will enable you to come to a more peaceful place of acceptance about who you are, and your history. Paradoxically, it is in accepting ourselves as who we really are that liberates our capacity for change.
I work with adults presenting with all sorts of issues like anxiety and depression, feelings of being stuck, or alone, or simply a sense of not really knowing quite who you are. The main task of psychotherapy, in my view, is for us to work together to understand why you operate the way you do, what that means for you, and how it impacts your life. This will enable you to come to a more peaceful place of acceptance about who you are, and your history. Paradoxically, it is in accepting ourselves as who we really are that liberates our capacity for change.
01273 110059 View 01273 110059
Photo of Iain McNulty-Ringshaw, Counsellor, BACP
Iain McNulty-Ringshaw
Counsellor, BACP
Hove BN3
Hello, I'm Iain - I work on line & in person in Brighton, Hove & Worthing. I work with clients 18+ including young adults & mature clients, both as individuals & as couples. My fees are from £50 online & £55 in person for individuals & £70 online & £75 in person for couples. I am an integrative humanistic counsellor with the ability to pull on other modalities to support the journey of my clients whom I work with in a relaxed, non-judgemental & confidential environment, very much working together as a team. I have a strong belief in the long-term benefits of therapy having experienced my own positive, personal journey.
Hello, I'm Iain - I work on line & in person in Brighton, Hove & Worthing. I work with clients 18+ including young adults & mature clients, both as individuals & as couples. My fees are from £50 online & £55 in person for individuals & £70 online & £75 in person for couples. I am an integrative humanistic counsellor with the ability to pull on other modalities to support the journey of my clients whom I work with in a relaxed, non-judgemental & confidential environment, very much working together as a team. I have a strong belief in the long-term benefits of therapy having experienced my own positive, personal journey.
01273 092541 View 01273 092541
Photo of Nicola McKirdy, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Nicola McKirdy
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Hove BN3
I work with adults experiencing anxiety, overthinking, and self-doubt. I use an integrative approach, combining evidence-informed therapy with practical mind–body tools such as breathwork and grounding to help you feel calmer, steadier, and more confident. Alongside private practice, I’ve worked within the NHS and currently a trauma service in Brighton, offering emotional stabilisation and longer-term support. My work is trauma-informed, drawing from Person-Centred, CBT, and psychodynamic approaches to offer a safe, reflective space for change.
I work with adults experiencing anxiety, overthinking, and self-doubt. I use an integrative approach, combining evidence-informed therapy with practical mind–body tools such as breathwork and grounding to help you feel calmer, steadier, and more confident. Alongside private practice, I’ve worked within the NHS and currently a trauma service in Brighton, offering emotional stabilisation and longer-term support. My work is trauma-informed, drawing from Person-Centred, CBT, and psychodynamic approaches to offer a safe, reflective space for change.
01273 944040 View 01273 944040
Photo of Claire Barnes, Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Claire Barnes
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Hove BN3
I am a psychotherapist and group analyst and have been a therapist for nearly 30 years in many different settings. In my approach, I am interested in making connections between experiences and difficulties in the present, with events and relationships from the past. In my experience, difficulties people experience as adults can often be part of a repeated pattern. I will be curious about relationships in your life but also the way you relate to yourself and to others. This will include how it is in the therapy relationship - whether individually or group.
I am a psychotherapist and group analyst and have been a therapist for nearly 30 years in many different settings. In my approach, I am interested in making connections between experiences and difficulties in the present, with events and relationships from the past. In my experience, difficulties people experience as adults can often be part of a repeated pattern. I will be curious about relationships in your life but also the way you relate to yourself and to others. This will include how it is in the therapy relationship - whether individually or group.
01273 092354 View 01273 092354
Photo of Marie-Louise Lowcock, Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Marie-Louise Lowcock
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Hove BN3
I am a warm and approachable therapist with an openness to understanding from your perspective what you are struggling with as well as tailoring treatment to meet your unique needs. My aim is to meet you right where you are and we will spend time in the initial sessions making sense of what you're currently experiencing and where you want to get to in therapy. I tend to use an integrative approach to therapy drawing on my varied experience and what we feel might best support you to move forwards. I have a special interest in the interaction between physical and mental wellbeing and presenting symptoms.
I am a warm and approachable therapist with an openness to understanding from your perspective what you are struggling with as well as tailoring treatment to meet your unique needs. My aim is to meet you right where you are and we will spend time in the initial sessions making sense of what you're currently experiencing and where you want to get to in therapy. I tend to use an integrative approach to therapy drawing on my varied experience and what we feel might best support you to move forwards. I have a special interest in the interaction between physical and mental wellbeing and presenting symptoms.
01273 087995 View 01273 087995
Photo of Philip Erritty, Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Philip Erritty
Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Hove BN3
I'm an accredited therapist with the BACP who provides psychodynamic psychotherapy, EMDR & CBT. I work with adults, teens and older age and have particular focus in anxiety/depression, OCD/intrusive thoughts, trauma, chronic illness/disability and LGBT+ issues. But maybe you’re experiencing a crisis, loss or bereavement that has come to dominate your life? Whatever the challenge is to your sense of safety, happiness and peace, I provide a containing and open space for you to explore yourself without judgment and to begin to meet the challenges in your life. BUPA/AXA approved.
I'm an accredited therapist with the BACP who provides psychodynamic psychotherapy, EMDR & CBT. I work with adults, teens and older age and have particular focus in anxiety/depression, OCD/intrusive thoughts, trauma, chronic illness/disability and LGBT+ issues. But maybe you’re experiencing a crisis, loss or bereavement that has come to dominate your life? Whatever the challenge is to your sense of safety, happiness and peace, I provide a containing and open space for you to explore yourself without judgment and to begin to meet the challenges in your life. BUPA/AXA approved.
01273 092666 View 01273 092666
Photo of Jo Hemmings, Psychologist, FMBPsS
Jo Hemmings
Psychologist, FMBPsS
Hove BN3
Shortlisted for BPS President Elect, 2024 - 26, I am based in welcoming counselling rooms in one of Brighton & Hove's famous Regency Squares, East Sussex, I specialise in relationship counselling, marriage counselling and singles coaching. I can help with a number of issues including confidence and self-esteem, online and app dating skills for singles and rescuing and repairing relationships for couples and have been described as the most intelligent, sensitive and effective relationship coach in the business. I offer both face to face sessions and Zoom sessions for all clients.
Shortlisted for BPS President Elect, 2024 - 26, I am based in welcoming counselling rooms in one of Brighton & Hove's famous Regency Squares, East Sussex, I specialise in relationship counselling, marriage counselling and singles coaching. I can help with a number of issues including confidence and self-esteem, online and app dating skills for singles and rescuing and repairing relationships for couples and have been described as the most intelligent, sensitive and effective relationship coach in the business. I offer both face to face sessions and Zoom sessions for all clients.
01273 037783 View 01273 037783
Photo of Lisa Haygarth, Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Lisa Haygarth
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Hove BN3
Do you feel anxious or stuck? Life can feel incredibly difficult at times, with past experiences of trauma, feelings of anxiety or low self-esteem keeping us stuck and uncertain of who we are or how to move forward. As a trauma-informed Humanistic therapist, I offer a safe, supportive space where we can help you explore and make sense of your past experiences in the present, without fear of judgment. Together, we can identify unhelpful beliefs and release patterns that no longer serve you, to create a greater awareness of your potential for growth, healing and self-acceptance.
Do you feel anxious or stuck? Life can feel incredibly difficult at times, with past experiences of trauma, feelings of anxiety or low self-esteem keeping us stuck and uncertain of who we are or how to move forward. As a trauma-informed Humanistic therapist, I offer a safe, supportive space where we can help you explore and make sense of your past experiences in the present, without fear of judgment. Together, we can identify unhelpful beliefs and release patterns that no longer serve you, to create a greater awareness of your potential for growth, healing and self-acceptance.
01273 110278 View 01273 110278

See more therapy options for Hove

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Hove

300+

Average cost per session

£68

Counsellors in Hove who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
85% Depression
82% Relationship Issues
82% Self Esteem
73% Stress
64% Trauma and PTSD
60% Bereavement

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

68% AXA PPP
67% Aviva
59% Bupa

How Counsellors in Hove see their clients

93% In Person and Online
7% Online Only

Gender breakdown

73% Female
25% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Hove?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.