Counselling in Harrogate

Photo of Nina Louise Preston - Systemisk Psychology , Psychologist, MSc, CPsychol
Systemisk Psychology
Psychologist, MSc, CPsychol
1 Endorsed
Nina & Aiveen are Clinical Directors of Sytemisk Psychology. Our team is made up of experienced, HCPC registered Psychologists. We are skilled at identifying clients needs and tailor making evidence-based therapy, designed to have maximum impact. Choosing a therapist can feel more complex than it needs to be. We have extensive clinical training that enables us to work with you to design the approach that is right for you, and achieves the desired outcomes you want. Good quality therapy should be effective and value for money. Let us support you to make holistic, wellbeing gains that have the potential for life long impact.
Nina & Aiveen are Clinical Directors of Sytemisk Psychology. Our team is made up of experienced, HCPC registered Psychologists. We are skilled at identifying clients needs and tailor making evidence-based therapy, designed to have maximum impact. Choosing a therapist can feel more complex than it needs to be. We have extensive clinical training that enables us to work with you to design the approach that is right for you, and achieves the desired outcomes you want. Good quality therapy should be effective and value for money. Let us support you to make holistic, wellbeing gains that have the potential for life long impact.
01423 648790 View 01423 648790
Photo of Julia Henry, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Julia Henry
Psychotherapist, MBACP
You may be feeling overwhelmed with life's challenges, unable to cope with something or stuck and unable to move forwards. You may be experiencing difficulties in your relationships, either with others around you or with yourself. I believe a trusting relationship between therapist and client is fundamental to bringing about positive change. I can offer you a safe and confidential space to explore your thoughts and emotions. I can help you make sense of your difficulties, gain insight into your behaviours and better understand yourself. I can help you find ways of coping and make changes you wish to see if your life.
You may be feeling overwhelmed with life's challenges, unable to cope with something or stuck and unable to move forwards. You may be experiencing difficulties in your relationships, either with others around you or with yourself. I believe a trusting relationship between therapist and client is fundamental to bringing about positive change. I can offer you a safe and confidential space to explore your thoughts and emotions. I can help you make sense of your difficulties, gain insight into your behaviours and better understand yourself. I can help you find ways of coping and make changes you wish to see if your life.
01423 648863 View 01423 648863
Photo of Laura Keay Msc, Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Laura Keay Msc
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
We all need support at one time or another and the fact that you are reading this tells me that you are curious about reaching out for that support, either for yourself or a loved one. This can be a very worrying time, and one that needs to be dealt with gently and with great consideration. I've worked with clients ranging in age from 4 - 100, across a variety of locations and environments in my time. Physical and emotional change can happen at any age and that is the focus of my work - facilitating change for my clients. I work face-to face from Harrogate and also online with clients aged 12 and upwards.
We all need support at one time or another and the fact that you are reading this tells me that you are curious about reaching out for that support, either for yourself or a loved one. This can be a very worrying time, and one that needs to be dealt with gently and with great consideration. I've worked with clients ranging in age from 4 - 100, across a variety of locations and environments in my time. Physical and emotional change can happen at any age and that is the focus of my work - facilitating change for my clients. I work face-to face from Harrogate and also online with clients aged 12 and upwards.
01924 975489 View 01924 975489
Photo of Daniel Easton, Counsellor, MBACP
Daniel Easton
Counsellor, MBACP
Hello. My name is Daniel. I am an qualified and experienced Counsellor working from Harrogate, North Yorkshire. I can help with many issues including; Family and relationship issues, Anxiety and Stress, Depression, Grief and Loss Purpose, direction and motivation Addictions, Moderate mental health concerns Difficult and undesirable behaviour's Issues around Christian faith and spirituality .
Hello. My name is Daniel. I am an qualified and experienced Counsellor working from Harrogate, North Yorkshire. I can help with many issues including; Family and relationship issues, Anxiety and Stress, Depression, Grief and Loss Purpose, direction and motivation Addictions, Moderate mental health concerns Difficult and undesirable behaviour's Issues around Christian faith and spirituality .
01423 740536 View 01423 740536
Photo of Dan Crawford - Dan Crawford - CBT Therapy, Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Dan Crawford - CBT Therapy
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
I am a specialist in Depression & Anxiety. Treating these conditions effectively using CBT requires BABCP-level accreditation (not BACP). My average time to full recovery is 12 sessions. For some conditions (e.g. Panic) it is as little as 3 - 4 sessions! Call now. I meet a lot of people who believe that their condition is untreatable, and they are always astounded by the progress that is possible with CBT when provided by an accredited professional. I treat Depression, Phobias (using VR), Insomnia, Trauma, Grief, Worry (GAD), OCD, Self-esteem, Social & Performance Anxieties, Health Anxiety, Panic & more. Call now!
I am a specialist in Depression & Anxiety. Treating these conditions effectively using CBT requires BABCP-level accreditation (not BACP). My average time to full recovery is 12 sessions. For some conditions (e.g. Panic) it is as little as 3 - 4 sessions! Call now. I meet a lot of people who believe that their condition is untreatable, and they are always astounded by the progress that is possible with CBT when provided by an accredited professional. I treat Depression, Phobias (using VR), Insomnia, Trauma, Grief, Worry (GAD), OCD, Self-esteem, Social & Performance Anxieties, Health Anxiety, Panic & more. Call now!
07396 077085 View 07396 077085
Photo of Lucy Thompson, Counsellor, MBACP
Lucy Thompson
Counsellor, MBACP
I am an experienced Couples Counsellor and have helped many couples to get their relationship back on track. Couples I see are often struggling with a sense of 'Where has our love gone?' Feeling desperately disconnected from one another they have lost the ability to communicate without falling into old familiar patterns and arguments. Together we will work at looking at the cycle you get caught in and how to recognise this so you can stop it. We will find new ways of communicating so you can hear each other and respond differently. This will help strengthen bonds and connection so you can begin to enjoy life together again.
I am an experienced Couples Counsellor and have helped many couples to get their relationship back on track. Couples I see are often struggling with a sense of 'Where has our love gone?' Feeling desperately disconnected from one another they have lost the ability to communicate without falling into old familiar patterns and arguments. Together we will work at looking at the cycle you get caught in and how to recognise this so you can stop it. We will find new ways of communicating so you can hear each other and respond differently. This will help strengthen bonds and connection so you can begin to enjoy life together again.
01423 803633 View 01423 803633
Photo of Nicole Brook, Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Nicole Brook
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
I am a friendly and professionally qualified counsellor, psychotherapist and supervisor. I help people manage depression, anxiety, stress, anger and relationship issues. I also help people explore issues of gender and sexuality, offering a supportive and confidential space. I have a warm, relaxed approach and will try to help you feel as comfortable as possible. My aim is to understand you and your unique situation, and to help you with the issues that you may be struggling with, in order to help you resolve them. Counselling facilitates self awareness, enabling your own capacity for healing, growth and change.
I am a friendly and professionally qualified counsellor, psychotherapist and supervisor. I help people manage depression, anxiety, stress, anger and relationship issues. I also help people explore issues of gender and sexuality, offering a supportive and confidential space. I have a warm, relaxed approach and will try to help you feel as comfortable as possible. My aim is to understand you and your unique situation, and to help you with the issues that you may be struggling with, in order to help you resolve them. Counselling facilitates self awareness, enabling your own capacity for healing, growth and change.
01423 740187 View 01423 740187
Photo of Dr Philippa Sammons, Psychologist, PhD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Philippa Sammons
Psychologist, PhD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I am a registered psychologist dedicated to empowering adults and young people with learning disabilities, neurodiversity, and mental health conditions. With over 15 years of experience in NHS mental health services, I offer tailored support for psychological challenges such as anxiety, depression, trauma and adjustment difficulties. I use evidence-based therapies to provide, personalized and compassionate care. I offer a warm and non judgmental space, where individuals feel safe to explore their emotions and work toward greater well-being and fulfilment.
I am a registered psychologist dedicated to empowering adults and young people with learning disabilities, neurodiversity, and mental health conditions. With over 15 years of experience in NHS mental health services, I offer tailored support for psychological challenges such as anxiety, depression, trauma and adjustment difficulties. I use evidence-based therapies to provide, personalized and compassionate care. I offer a warm and non judgmental space, where individuals feel safe to explore their emotions and work toward greater well-being and fulfilment.
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Photo of Margaret Ann McGregor, Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Margaret Ann McGregor
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Hi my name is Margaret I am a 'Person Centred' therapeutic counsellor. My aim is to provide you with a safe, confidential, and non-judgemental space in which to explore your concerns. You may have specific needs such as help with distressing life events such as bereavement, loss, addictions or help with conditions such as anxiety or depression. Perhaps you need to explore personal experiences or you would like to enhance your personal effectiveness.
Hi my name is Margaret I am a 'Person Centred' therapeutic counsellor. My aim is to provide you with a safe, confidential, and non-judgemental space in which to explore your concerns. You may have specific needs such as help with distressing life events such as bereavement, loss, addictions or help with conditions such as anxiety or depression. Perhaps you need to explore personal experiences or you would like to enhance your personal effectiveness.
01423 222467 View 01423 222467
Photo of Andrew Kemp - Clear Mind CBT, Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
Clear Mind CBT
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
1 Endorsed
Do you ever notice a feeling of dread at the day ahead or that you’re constantly worrying and berating yourself? Do you struggle with sleep, or sleep too much but still wake never feeling properly rested? Do you find yourself playing over conversations, picking apart the things that you said and how people responded, worrying about what they think of you? How would you like to feel happier, more confident and energised? To sleep better, be kinder to yourself and look forward to your days? These are just some of the areas I can help you with.
Do you ever notice a feeling of dread at the day ahead or that you’re constantly worrying and berating yourself? Do you struggle with sleep, or sleep too much but still wake never feeling properly rested? Do you find yourself playing over conversations, picking apart the things that you said and how people responded, worrying about what they think of you? How would you like to feel happier, more confident and energised? To sleep better, be kinder to yourself and look forward to your days? These are just some of the areas I can help you with.
01423 226985 View 01423 226985
Photo of Sarah Williamson, Psychotherapist, UKCP Trainee
Sarah Williamson
Psychotherapist, UKCP Trainee
I offer a warm, supportive space for adults of all ages seeking short- or long-term therapy. At the heart of my approach is a commitment to building a safe, trusting relationship with you—one where we can explore your past experiences, current relationships, and the challenges you’re facing today. I believe that our emotional wellbeing is deeply shaped by the relationships we’ve had, especially early ones, and how those patterns continue to influence us. Together we can begin to make sense of these patterns. With greater self-awareness comes more freedom and choice in how you relate to yourself, others and the world around you.
I offer a warm, supportive space for adults of all ages seeking short- or long-term therapy. At the heart of my approach is a commitment to building a safe, trusting relationship with you—one where we can explore your past experiences, current relationships, and the challenges you’re facing today. I believe that our emotional wellbeing is deeply shaped by the relationships we’ve had, especially early ones, and how those patterns continue to influence us. Together we can begin to make sense of these patterns. With greater self-awareness comes more freedom and choice in how you relate to yourself, others and the world around you.
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Photo of Jo Cooper, Psychotherapist, MA, MNCPS Acc.
Jo Cooper
Psychotherapist, MA, MNCPS Acc.
Online Only
Hello, thank you for viewing my profile. I'm Jo Cooper, an experienced psychotherapist and counsellor educated to postgraduate level, holding a PGDip Professional Integrative Psychotherapy, and a Masters degree researching perinatal loss and reproductive trauma. I initially graduated as a registered midwife and have a clinical career in women's health spanning 30 years. My therapeutic approach is rooted in empathy, understanding and deep respect for the unique experiences of each individual dealing with emotional struggles.
Hello, thank you for viewing my profile. I'm Jo Cooper, an experienced psychotherapist and counsellor educated to postgraduate level, holding a PGDip Professional Integrative Psychotherapy, and a Masters degree researching perinatal loss and reproductive trauma. I initially graduated as a registered midwife and have a clinical career in women's health spanning 30 years. My therapeutic approach is rooted in empathy, understanding and deep respect for the unique experiences of each individual dealing with emotional struggles.
01924 943508 View 01924 943508
Photo of Michaela Hanna, Psychotherapist, UKCP Trainee
Michaela Hanna
Psychotherapist, UKCP Trainee
A warm welcome - I work with adults of all ages who are looking for long or short term therapy. If you find yourself feeling lost, confused, like something just isn't right, or something is missing, or you feel isolated, lonely or have low mood, then please get in touch with me. I will be right beside you as you journey towards feeling more complete, more whole, more yourself. Perhaps you've forgotten what that feels like, perhaps you are not sure if you have ever known. Life can really test us, whether that was from the moment we were born, or through things that have happened along the way. Please get in touch, I am here to help.
A warm welcome - I work with adults of all ages who are looking for long or short term therapy. If you find yourself feeling lost, confused, like something just isn't right, or something is missing, or you feel isolated, lonely or have low mood, then please get in touch with me. I will be right beside you as you journey towards feeling more complete, more whole, more yourself. Perhaps you've forgotten what that feels like, perhaps you are not sure if you have ever known. Life can really test us, whether that was from the moment we were born, or through things that have happened along the way. Please get in touch, I am here to help.
01765 532336 View 01765 532336
Photo of Claire Lloyd Talking Therapy, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Claire Lloyd Talking Therapy
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Not accepting new clients
Feeling sad, traumatised or disconnected from the world, or perhaps struggling with unhelpful behaviours leaving you feeling anxious and low. This often is a result of conflict with the relationship with ourselves or others, at work or at home. Relational conflict with partners, parents, friendships and colleagues can make us feel vulnerable, unsafe and unable to cope. Clients tend to be the best expert on their experience and often understand what's concerning them but are stuck and unable to find a way through. It takes courage to face into some of our issues but recognising we have them is the hardest part.
Feeling sad, traumatised or disconnected from the world, or perhaps struggling with unhelpful behaviours leaving you feeling anxious and low. This often is a result of conflict with the relationship with ourselves or others, at work or at home. Relational conflict with partners, parents, friendships and colleagues can make us feel vulnerable, unsafe and unable to cope. Clients tend to be the best expert on their experience and often understand what's concerning them but are stuck and unable to find a way through. It takes courage to face into some of our issues but recognising we have them is the hardest part.
01423 803318 View 01423 803318
Photo of Alexandra Bailey, Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Alexandra Bailey
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Online Only
Hello, I'm Alex and I'm an Integrative Therapist. Finding a therapist can be really daunting and bring up a lot of feelings, whether you're coming to therapy for the first time, or whether you've experienced therapy before. Finding the right therapist for you is so important, and the connection you can create with your therapist is so influential for healing. In every session with a client, I am always non-judgemental, empathetic and we take everything at the client's pace. In each session I offer a safe space for you as the client, where you can bring your complete, authentic self.
Hello, I'm Alex and I'm an Integrative Therapist. Finding a therapist can be really daunting and bring up a lot of feelings, whether you're coming to therapy for the first time, or whether you've experienced therapy before. Finding the right therapist for you is so important, and the connection you can create with your therapist is so influential for healing. In every session with a client, I am always non-judgemental, empathetic and we take everything at the client's pace. In each session I offer a safe space for you as the client, where you can bring your complete, authentic self.
01924 943918 View 01924 943918
Photo of Karen Rudd - West End Counseling, Counsellor, BACP
West End Counseling
Counsellor, BACP
Life can be overwhelming. Do you experience anxiety, depression, low self esteem or relationship issues and need guidance to move forward? Together, we will identify and explore these issues. We will create goals so you can better understand the changes needed to make a difference in your life.
Life can be overwhelming. Do you experience anxiety, depression, low self esteem or relationship issues and need guidance to move forward? Together, we will identify and explore these issues. We will create goals so you can better understand the changes needed to make a difference in your life.
01924 943494 View 01924 943494
Photo of Rachel Orr, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Rachel Orr
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Hello, my name is Dr Rachel Orr, I'm a Clinical Psychologist, qualified for 15 years, with substantial experience working with children and working age adults, both in the NHS and in private practice. I am understanding, and empathic and take time to get to know the person and their hopes for therapy. I have experience in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, as well as other approaches such as mindfulness, Dialectical Behavioural Therapy and compassion focused therapy. At the beginning of sessions, I undertake a detailed assessment to understand what your hopes are for therapy.
Hello, my name is Dr Rachel Orr, I'm a Clinical Psychologist, qualified for 15 years, with substantial experience working with children and working age adults, both in the NHS and in private practice. I am understanding, and empathic and take time to get to know the person and their hopes for therapy. I have experience in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, as well as other approaches such as mindfulness, Dialectical Behavioural Therapy and compassion focused therapy. At the beginning of sessions, I undertake a detailed assessment to understand what your hopes are for therapy.
01423 227362 View 01423 227362
Photo of Natascha Gonnermann, Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, MUKCP
Natascha Gonnermann
Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, MUKCP
Sometimes we can manage the mental, physical and emotional challenges of life, be it those that have come on suddenly or those that have left us struggling from the long-term exposure to or memories of. At others, we may experience feeling depressed, overwhelmed, anxious or stuck. These are normal responses, but they can leave us struggling to enjoy life, know which direction to take or even like there is something wrong with us. I can support you in gaining clarity and understanding around your thoughts, feelings and behaviour so that you can regain balance and direction for your future.
Sometimes we can manage the mental, physical and emotional challenges of life, be it those that have come on suddenly or those that have left us struggling from the long-term exposure to or memories of. At others, we may experience feeling depressed, overwhelmed, anxious or stuck. These are normal responses, but they can leave us struggling to enjoy life, know which direction to take or even like there is something wrong with us. I can support you in gaining clarity and understanding around your thoughts, feelings and behaviour so that you can regain balance and direction for your future.
01423 449167 View 01423 449167
Photo of Caroline Smith, Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP Accred
Caroline Smith
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP Accred
Most people feel overwhelmed and 'burned out' at some point in their life. Often we know what the problem is, it might be work related, personal or a combination of things. Maybe, it is less clear, a general awareness of feeling low and unhappy much of the time without really knowing why. It can be invaluable to have somewhere private and confidential to talk, to be able to think more clearly about what isn't working, the reasons why and how things could be different going forward.
Most people feel overwhelmed and 'burned out' at some point in their life. Often we know what the problem is, it might be work related, personal or a combination of things. Maybe, it is less clear, a general awareness of feeling low and unhappy much of the time without really knowing why. It can be invaluable to have somewhere private and confidential to talk, to be able to think more clearly about what isn't working, the reasons why and how things could be different going forward.
01423 803310 View 01423 803310
Photo of Lucy Edwards, Counsellor, MBACP
Lucy Edwards
Counsellor, MBACP
Online Only
Hello, my name is Lucy and I am a Psychotherapeutic Counsellor working in Harrogate, Ripon and online. I work with couples and individuals. My aim is to make you feel as comfortable and supported as possible which gives space for you to explore your thoughts, feelings and behaviours. Together we can navigate and untangle these feelings and challenge negative thoughts and behaviours that no longer serve you in your life. I understand the courage it takes to reach out for help and how daunting it can feel to embark on therapy. My role as your therapist is to walk with you at your pace and help you feel heard and safe.
Hello, my name is Lucy and I am a Psychotherapeutic Counsellor working in Harrogate, Ripon and online. I work with couples and individuals. My aim is to make you feel as comfortable and supported as possible which gives space for you to explore your thoughts, feelings and behaviours. Together we can navigate and untangle these feelings and challenge negative thoughts and behaviours that no longer serve you in your life. I understand the courage it takes to reach out for help and how daunting it can feel to embark on therapy. My role as your therapist is to walk with you at your pace and help you feel heard and safe.
01423 803297 View 01423 803297

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Harrogate

100+

Average cost per session

£60

Counsellors in Harrogate who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
86% Depression
84% Self Esteem
83% Stress
82% Relationship Issues
79% Bereavement
67% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

50% Bupa
48% Aviva
48% AXA PPP

How Counsellors in Harrogate see their clients

82% In Person and Online
18% Online Only

Gender breakdown

84% Female
16% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Harrogate?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.