Counselling in Enfield

Photo of Carima Nolten - Carima Nolten, Blue Butterfly Bamboo, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Carima Nolten, Blue Butterfly Bamboo
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Enfield EN2
Not accepting new clients
I am a trauma-informed, Neuro-affirming, Integrative psychotherapist with expertise in SEND and SEMH supporting children, young people and adults, both online and face-to-face . I offer a combination of Talking, Creative and Somatic therapies that are beneficial in working with trauma, stress management, anxiety and burnout. Life is full of opportunies and hurdles to overcome, and its vital that we all have a strong sense of self, to be able to draw from a toolkit of coping tools, in order to navigate life's challenges as best we can and reach our full potential- It's what we all deserve. Are you ready to take the first step...
I am a trauma-informed, Neuro-affirming, Integrative psychotherapist with expertise in SEND and SEMH supporting children, young people and adults, both online and face-to-face . I offer a combination of Talking, Creative and Somatic therapies that are beneficial in working with trauma, stress management, anxiety and burnout. Life is full of opportunies and hurdles to overcome, and its vital that we all have a strong sense of self, to be able to draw from a toolkit of coping tools, in order to navigate life's challenges as best we can and reach our full potential- It's what we all deserve. Are you ready to take the first step...
020 3835 2662 View 020 3835 2662
Photo of Katherine Sinclair, BPC, Psychotherapist
Katherine Sinclair
Psychotherapist, BPC
Verified Verified
Enfield EN2
I am a psychodynamic psychotherapist working with adults experiencing a range of emotional difficulties. You might be feeling stuck, as if you want something to change but do not know how or what. You might feel depressed, anxious, unfulfilled, and unable to reach your potential. A good therapeutic relationship can help you to understand yourself better, allowing more freedom to thrive.
I am a psychodynamic psychotherapist working with adults experiencing a range of emotional difficulties. You might be feeling stuck, as if you want something to change but do not know how or what. You might feel depressed, anxious, unfulfilled, and unable to reach your potential. A good therapeutic relationship can help you to understand yourself better, allowing more freedom to thrive.
020 4572 0684 View 020 4572 0684
Photo of Bianka Whynn, MA, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Bianka Whynn
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am an Integrative Counsellor and Psychotherapist, who is a free spirited and creative person. My professional background varies from working with mild to severe adult mental health, to working with special needs and hard to reach children and young people in education. During times of uncertainty surrounding us at the moment, where multiple challenges are thrown in our direction, feeling overwhelmed, out of sync, heightened stressed levels, and increased anxiety are very normal. These feelings may have been apparent beforehand and now feel more intense.
I am an Integrative Counsellor and Psychotherapist, who is a free spirited and creative person. My professional background varies from working with mild to severe adult mental health, to working with special needs and hard to reach children and young people in education. During times of uncertainty surrounding us at the moment, where multiple challenges are thrown in our direction, feeling overwhelmed, out of sync, heightened stressed levels, and increased anxiety are very normal. These feelings may have been apparent beforehand and now feel more intense.
020 4524 3011 View 020 4524 3011
Photo of Janie Donington, MBACP, Counsellor
Janie Donington
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Enfield EN2
If you are feeling troubled and are not sure how to move forward it may be a relief to talk things through. I specialise in working with people who have lost someone close, experienced a trauma that haunts them or an unexpected change in life such as a sudden loss, a health, work, or family problem. Difficulties in your relationships or work can cause anxiety, anger and loneliness in daily life and impact your sense of self. Often problems stem from the past, and unhealthy patterns can re-emerge. I can offer a safe space where together we can explore, locate, and work through what is troubling you so as to help you move forward.
If you are feeling troubled and are not sure how to move forward it may be a relief to talk things through. I specialise in working with people who have lost someone close, experienced a trauma that haunts them or an unexpected change in life such as a sudden loss, a health, work, or family problem. Difficulties in your relationships or work can cause anxiety, anger and loneliness in daily life and impact your sense of self. Often problems stem from the past, and unhealthy patterns can re-emerge. I can offer a safe space where together we can explore, locate, and work through what is troubling you so as to help you move forward.
07476 559901 View 07476 559901
Photo of Kate Hicks - Kate Hicks Counselling , MBACP Accred, Counsellor
Kate Hicks Counselling
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Enfield EN2
I am a BACP accredited counsellor & supervisor, working with individuals and with couples. with extensive experience (over 17 years) offering talking therapy on a short term or open ended basis to suit your individual needs and to support your emotional well being. I have a private practice based in Enfield (EN2) and I also work online.
I am a BACP accredited counsellor & supervisor, working with individuals and with couples. with extensive experience (over 17 years) offering talking therapy on a short term or open ended basis to suit your individual needs and to support your emotional well being. I have a private practice based in Enfield (EN2) and I also work online.
01992 932407 View 01992 932407
Photo of Anne McPherson, MA, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Anne McPherson
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Enfield EN1
Thank you for visiting my profile. I have acquired extensive experience of working alongside adults, adolescents, couples and families. During times of challenge, it can impact us in a variety of ways. Family and Systemic Psychotherapy can be beneficial in creating and supporting an understanding of experiences and views to employ useful changes in relationships.
Thank you for visiting my profile. I have acquired extensive experience of working alongside adults, adolescents, couples and families. During times of challenge, it can impact us in a variety of ways. Family and Systemic Psychotherapy can be beneficial in creating and supporting an understanding of experiences and views to employ useful changes in relationships.
01707 247356 View 01707 247356
Photo of Dr Kumar Birch, CPsychol, Psychologist
Dr Kumar Birch
Psychologist, CPsychol
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Enfield EN1
I am a Clinical Psychologist specialising in working with men and those struggling in their relationships with men. I provide a safe space where challenges can be voiced honestly and the strategies needed to manage them can be developed.
I am a Clinical Psychologist specialising in working with men and those struggling in their relationships with men. I provide a safe space where challenges can be voiced honestly and the strategies needed to manage them can be developed.
020 3322 1789 View 020 3322 1789
Photo of Kafele Tudor-Rosa, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Kafele Tudor-Rosa
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Enfield EN1
As a psychodynamic counsellor I provide a safe, non-judgemental space where experiences, thoughts, feelings and desires can be considered. I encourage individual modes of communication, so you can bring yourself and not an expectation of who you should be to our sessions. I am registered with the British Psychoanalytic Council (BPC) and British Psychotherapy Foundation (BPF) and am a Member of the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP). I have a MSc in Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy Clinical Practice and Research Methods from the University of Exeter.
As a psychodynamic counsellor I provide a safe, non-judgemental space where experiences, thoughts, feelings and desires can be considered. I encourage individual modes of communication, so you can bring yourself and not an expectation of who you should be to our sessions. I am registered with the British Psychoanalytic Council (BPC) and British Psychotherapy Foundation (BPF) and am a Member of the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP). I have a MSc in Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy Clinical Practice and Research Methods from the University of Exeter.
01992 940647 View 01992 940647
Photo of Noomi Sylvia Bates, MSc, MBACP, Counsellor
Noomi Sylvia Bates
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
Enfield EN1
I am a warm & empathic integrative counsellor working to help you with your everyday concerns and mental health challenges. I am committed to helping you build positive mental health & reach your full potential, whatever that looks like for you. You might wonder how I work; I am an Integrative counsellor combining three approaches; I am person centred at the core meaning that I am client led, you are in charge of the focus/concerns of your sessions. I also use a psychodynamic approach to explore your past and cognitive behavioural approach to think about how to deal with everyday unhelpful thinking, all according to your needs.
I am a warm & empathic integrative counsellor working to help you with your everyday concerns and mental health challenges. I am committed to helping you build positive mental health & reach your full potential, whatever that looks like for you. You might wonder how I work; I am an Integrative counsellor combining three approaches; I am person centred at the core meaning that I am client led, you are in charge of the focus/concerns of your sessions. I also use a psychodynamic approach to explore your past and cognitive behavioural approach to think about how to deal with everyday unhelpful thinking, all according to your needs.
01992 927813 View 01992 927813
Photo of Lesley Yvonne Taylor, MA, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Lesley Yvonne Taylor
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Enfield EN2
I am dual qualified as a Mental Health Social Worker and Psychotherapist with over 30 years’ experience working with an extensive range of mental health conditions in the NHS and Counselling services such as MIND, Solace Women’s Aid, Women and Health, NHS Community Mental Health Teams and Primary Talking Therapies Care.
I am dual qualified as a Mental Health Social Worker and Psychotherapist with over 30 years’ experience working with an extensive range of mental health conditions in the NHS and Counselling services such as MIND, Solace Women’s Aid, Women and Health, NHS Community Mental Health Teams and Primary Talking Therapies Care.
020 3667 9702 View 020 3667 9702
Photo of Burcu Akar, MSc, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Burcu Akar
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
Enfield EN2
Among the fast paced rush of day to day life it isn't hard to get lost. With so many things to keep up with be it finances, work, our family, relationships and everything else you might find that you put yourself low on your list of priorities while you make time for everything else. Each and every single one of us carry the desire to be seen, heard and understood as we are. Yet being yourself is no easy thing when you are faced with the judgement of others. Your therapy is time for yourself, for your needs, your thoughts and your feelings. A space for you as you are without any judgement.
Among the fast paced rush of day to day life it isn't hard to get lost. With so many things to keep up with be it finances, work, our family, relationships and everything else you might find that you put yourself low on your list of priorities while you make time for everything else. Each and every single one of us carry the desire to be seen, heard and understood as we are. Yet being yourself is no easy thing when you are faced with the judgement of others. Your therapy is time for yourself, for your needs, your thoughts and your feelings. A space for you as you are without any judgement.
020 3870 3516 View 020 3870 3516
Photo of Shivon Genus, MBACP, Counsellor
Shivon Genus
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Enfield EN1
Welcome to ReDiscover & Bloom Therapy where the focus is on you! Are you struggling right now and not knowing which way to turn? Reaching out and making changes to your life is not easy. I am passionate about helping people who are experiencing a wide range of difficulties and will support you on this journey by creating a safe, confidential and non-judgmental space for you to feel at ease to talk and feel heard. For some, life can feel like an emotional rollercoaster and as a consequence, you may be left feeling detached from your sense of self and experiencing triggers and want to understand why you feel this way.
Welcome to ReDiscover & Bloom Therapy where the focus is on you! Are you struggling right now and not knowing which way to turn? Reaching out and making changes to your life is not easy. I am passionate about helping people who are experiencing a wide range of difficulties and will support you on this journey by creating a safe, confidential and non-judgmental space for you to feel at ease to talk and feel heard. For some, life can feel like an emotional rollercoaster and as a consequence, you may be left feeling detached from your sense of self and experiencing triggers and want to understand why you feel this way.
01992 662570 View 01992 662570
Photo of Adrienne Kirk, DCounsPsych, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Adrienne Kirk
Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Verified Verified
Enfield EN2
I specialise in seeing individual clients who have experienced loss and grief, and couples who need support around their relationships. Even in situations where we do not experience bereavement explicitly – in divorce, for example, or when events conspire to permanently deny us certain opportunities – we can experience this shattering dimension of loss. It can be very difficult to talk about these issues, others do not know what to say to you, and may even minimise your loss. It can be a great relief to speak to someone non-judgmental, who really listens and can understand the world from your perspective.
I specialise in seeing individual clients who have experienced loss and grief, and couples who need support around their relationships. Even in situations where we do not experience bereavement explicitly – in divorce, for example, or when events conspire to permanently deny us certain opportunities – we can experience this shattering dimension of loss. It can be very difficult to talk about these issues, others do not know what to say to you, and may even minimise your loss. It can be a great relief to speak to someone non-judgmental, who really listens and can understand the world from your perspective.
01992 940505 View 01992 940505
Photo of Serif Ali, MBACP, Counsellor
Serif Ali
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Enfield EN1
Are you feeling stuck? Wanting to change and not knowing how. The decision to access therapy can be a daunting one. Embarking on a journey of self-discovery can be challenging and I am privileged to be able to guide others to their own transformation. My goal is to help clients find both the meaning for their behaviours as well as a clear understanding of what’s holding them back, always encouraging them to find the “gift of growth” in every situation. My aim is to provide a safe and nurturing space for you to tell your story with no fear of judgement.
Are you feeling stuck? Wanting to change and not knowing how. The decision to access therapy can be a daunting one. Embarking on a journey of self-discovery can be challenging and I am privileged to be able to guide others to their own transformation. My goal is to help clients find both the meaning for their behaviours as well as a clear understanding of what’s holding them back, always encouraging them to find the “gift of growth” in every situation. My aim is to provide a safe and nurturing space for you to tell your story with no fear of judgement.
07480 618624 View 07480 618624
Photo of Rebecca Ford, MSc, MBACP, Counsellor
Rebecca Ford
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
Enfield EN1
Imagine feeling overwhelmed by addiction, anxiety, or depression. You want to regain control of your life, find inner peace, and feel truly understood. You need a safe space to explore your thoughts and emotions without judgment, where your unique experiences are valued and respected. Your goal is to overcome these challenges and achieve personal growth. That's where I come in. As an integrative therapist, I specialize in addiction, anxiety, and depression, using a person-centred approach to focus on your individual needs.
Imagine feeling overwhelmed by addiction, anxiety, or depression. You want to regain control of your life, find inner peace, and feel truly understood. You need a safe space to explore your thoughts and emotions without judgment, where your unique experiences are valued and respected. Your goal is to overcome these challenges and achieve personal growth. That's where I come in. As an integrative therapist, I specialize in addiction, anxiety, and depression, using a person-centred approach to focus on your individual needs.
01992 927309 View 01992 927309
Photo of Mina Arvanitopoulou, MSc, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Mina Arvanitopoulou
Psychologist, MSc, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Enfield EN1
Within my 20 years of experience as a Clinical Psychologist, I have helped thousands of people feeling low, stressed, having work or relationships difficulties, struggling with their physical health, feeling angry, afraid or confused or wanting to make lasting changes in their lives. I offer psychological therapy for: • Stress, Anxiety, Burn out • Low mood, depression • Imposter syndrome •Work related stress • Panic attacks, phobias • Trauma • Relationship difficulties • Low self-esteem • Adjustment difficulties, coping with transition and life change, bereavement • Cardiac conditions, long covid, amongst other difficulties.
Within my 20 years of experience as a Clinical Psychologist, I have helped thousands of people feeling low, stressed, having work or relationships difficulties, struggling with their physical health, feeling angry, afraid or confused or wanting to make lasting changes in their lives. I offer psychological therapy for: • Stress, Anxiety, Burn out • Low mood, depression • Imposter syndrome •Work related stress • Panic attacks, phobias • Trauma • Relationship difficulties • Low self-esteem • Adjustment difficulties, coping with transition and life change, bereavement • Cardiac conditions, long covid, amongst other difficulties.
01992 929617 View 01992 929617
Photo of Dr Catherine Athanasiadou-Lewis, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Catherine Athanasiadou-Lewis
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I am a Counselling Psychologist in Clinical neuropsychology and a psychotherapist, with over 15 years of experience in the NHS and the private sector, helping individuals and couples navigate life's challenges. I hold academic positions at the University of Roehampton and Hertfordshire. My therapeutic work is grounded in empathy, active listening & evidence-based practices. I believe that each person’s journey is unique, and I am here to walk with you through moments of uncertainty, pain, stress or personal growth. When you come to me for therapy, you can expect a warm and safe space where you feel heard and understood.
I am a Counselling Psychologist in Clinical neuropsychology and a psychotherapist, with over 15 years of experience in the NHS and the private sector, helping individuals and couples navigate life's challenges. I hold academic positions at the University of Roehampton and Hertfordshire. My therapeutic work is grounded in empathy, active listening & evidence-based practices. I believe that each person’s journey is unique, and I am here to walk with you through moments of uncertainty, pain, stress or personal growth. When you come to me for therapy, you can expect a warm and safe space where you feel heard and understood.
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Photo of Dawn Elizabeth Burlton, MBACP, Counsellor
Dawn Elizabeth Burlton
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Enfield EN2
Welcome I’m Dawn, an experienced qualified integrative and trauma informed counsellor and clinical supervisor and registered member of the BACP. I am also trained in online and telephone working. I work with adults in an integrative way combining Humanistic, Psychodynamic and CBT approaches as this fits my own philosophy of not one approach fits all. I aim to provide you with a warm, compassionate, confidential counselling relationship within a safe therapeutic space where you can talk freely about what is troubling you and explore the challenges you are currently facing.
Welcome I’m Dawn, an experienced qualified integrative and trauma informed counsellor and clinical supervisor and registered member of the BACP. I am also trained in online and telephone working. I work with adults in an integrative way combining Humanistic, Psychodynamic and CBT approaches as this fits my own philosophy of not one approach fits all. I aim to provide you with a warm, compassionate, confidential counselling relationship within a safe therapeutic space where you can talk freely about what is troubling you and explore the challenges you are currently facing.
01992 662318 View 01992 662318
Photo of Vicki Smith, DCounsPsych, MBACP, Counsellor
Vicki Smith
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Verified Verified
Enfield EN1
Perhaps you feel unhappy and dissatisfied within your relationships. You may feel you are treading on eggshells or your thoughts and emotions are affected by other's behaviours. You may need help coming to terms with an upsetting event or support moving into a different chapter of your life. Perhaps you have experienced a loss causing feelings of grief and loneliness that comes in waves. Sometimes we can't figure out why we feel the way we do, we just want it to stop. I create a safe, non-judgemental and confidential space for you to be truly heard. Sharing what's on your mind brings clarity when there is confusion and worry.
Perhaps you feel unhappy and dissatisfied within your relationships. You may feel you are treading on eggshells or your thoughts and emotions are affected by other's behaviours. You may need help coming to terms with an upsetting event or support moving into a different chapter of your life. Perhaps you have experienced a loss causing feelings of grief and loneliness that comes in waves. Sometimes we can't figure out why we feel the way we do, we just want it to stop. I create a safe, non-judgemental and confidential space for you to be truly heard. Sharing what's on your mind brings clarity when there is confusion and worry.
020 3974 1553 View 020 3974 1553
Photo of Claire Ghassemi, MA, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Claire Ghassemi
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Enfield EN1
Therapy is one of the most positive things we can do for ourselves. It may seem like something other people do. But life isn’t easy and when it feels particularly overwhelming, talking to someone who listens without judgement, can really help us to trust ourselves and find perspective, meaning and confidence to enable a way forward. Clients I work with often find themselves in challenging and sometimes distressing situations and need a safe and confidential space to explore - at their own pace - what is going on for them, to rebuild, find healthier ways of coping and to experience hope.
Therapy is one of the most positive things we can do for ourselves. It may seem like something other people do. But life isn’t easy and when it feels particularly overwhelming, talking to someone who listens without judgement, can really help us to trust ourselves and find perspective, meaning and confidence to enable a way forward. Clients I work with often find themselves in challenging and sometimes distressing situations and need a safe and confidential space to explore - at their own pace - what is going on for them, to rebuild, find healthier ways of coping and to experience hope.
020 4572 2085 View 020 4572 2085

See more therapy options for Enfield

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Enfield

100+

Average cost per session

£65

Counsellors in Enfield who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
92% Depression
89% Self Esteem
85% Stress
75% Relationship Issues
66% Bereavement
63% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

67% AXA PPP
67% Vitality
63% Aviva

How Counsellors in Enfield see their clients

86% In Person and Online
14% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
17% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Enfield?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.