Counselling in Chester

Photo of Yvette Sharpe - Eve Sharpe, Counsellor, PNCPS Acc.
Eve Sharpe
Counsellor, PNCPS Acc.
Online Only
You're ready to understand why you feel the way you do, why patterns repeat, why you struggle with confidence, boundaries, or burnout. You want to lead more fully in your life, your work, your parenting, but something keeps getting in the way. If you're tired of surviving and ready to feel more grounded, seen, and empowered, I’m here. Together, we’ll explore your past gently, make sense of what’s happening in your body, and support real change from the inside out.
You're ready to understand why you feel the way you do, why patterns repeat, why you struggle with confidence, boundaries, or burnout. You want to lead more fully in your life, your work, your parenting, but something keeps getting in the way. If you're tired of surviving and ready to feel more grounded, seen, and empowered, I’m here. Together, we’ll explore your past gently, make sense of what’s happening in your body, and support real change from the inside out.
01244 562121 View 01244 562121
Photo of Dr Marilena Hadjittofi - The Chester Psychology Clinic, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
The Chester Psychology Clinic
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Chester CH3
I offer evidence-based psychological therapy to children, young people and families that experience a range of mental health and emotional difficulties. My focus is to collaborate with individuals and communities, tailoring psychological therapies to meet the needs of the families I serve. My mission is to empower children, young people, and families to not only overcome challenges but to thrive and achieve their fullest potential.
I offer evidence-based psychological therapy to children, young people and families that experience a range of mental health and emotional difficulties. My focus is to collaborate with individuals and communities, tailoring psychological therapies to meet the needs of the families I serve. My mission is to empower children, young people, and families to not only overcome challenges but to thrive and achieve their fullest potential.
01829 700367 View 01829 700367
Photo of Dr Nadia Balmain, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Nadia Balmain
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Chester CH2
Hi, I’m Dr Nadia Balmain. Thank you for taking the time to look at my profile. I am a Chartered Clinical Psychologist and an accredited EMDR Practitioner. I have provided psychotherapy for over ten years both in the NHS and in private practice. I offer therapy for many different problems, but I have a special interest in providing therapy for PTSD, complex Trauma, Anxiety and Depression. EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing) is the gold standard treatment for PTSD and is recommended by NICE guidelines. EMDR helps clients to process traumatic and distressing experiences which are causing the present-day symptoms.
Hi, I’m Dr Nadia Balmain. Thank you for taking the time to look at my profile. I am a Chartered Clinical Psychologist and an accredited EMDR Practitioner. I have provided psychotherapy for over ten years both in the NHS and in private practice. I offer therapy for many different problems, but I have a special interest in providing therapy for PTSD, complex Trauma, Anxiety and Depression. EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing) is the gold standard treatment for PTSD and is recommended by NICE guidelines. EMDR helps clients to process traumatic and distressing experiences which are causing the present-day symptoms.
01244 735026 View 01244 735026
Photo of Deborah Crossfield, Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Deborah Crossfield
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Online Only
I provide counselling for adults and teenagers (16+) who want a supportive, professional space to work through challenges such as anxiety, depression, self-esteem and stress, whether these are familiar struggles or you're facing them for the first time. I support with navigating changes, health issues and bereavement, alongside work and relationships. My approach is collaborative and tailored to you, combining compassion with practical strategies that fit your life. Together, we begin with small, manageable steps towards the changes you’d like to see, helping you to feel grounded, and move forward in a way that feels right for you.
I provide counselling for adults and teenagers (16+) who want a supportive, professional space to work through challenges such as anxiety, depression, self-esteem and stress, whether these are familiar struggles or you're facing them for the first time. I support with navigating changes, health issues and bereavement, alongside work and relationships. My approach is collaborative and tailored to you, combining compassion with practical strategies that fit your life. Together, we begin with small, manageable steps towards the changes you’d like to see, helping you to feel grounded, and move forward in a way that feels right for you.
01244 566481 View 01244 566481
Photo of Dr Lucy Flitton, Psychologist, PhD, FMBPsS
Dr Lucy Flitton
Psychologist, PhD, FMBPsS
Online Only
If constant freeze, dissociation, or the weight of past trauma makes your body feel unsafe or your life feel disconnected, you're not broken — your nervous system has been protecting you. Healing begins with gentle, body-centred steps toward safety and meaning. As a somatic trauma specialist and psychologist (PhD), I guide survivors of complex trauma through embodied recovery using somatic practices (nervous system regulation, titration, pendulation), polyvagal-informed tools, and integrative depth approaches. Blending these tools, we thaw frozen states, release survival energy, and foster post-traumatic growth — at your pace.
If constant freeze, dissociation, or the weight of past trauma makes your body feel unsafe or your life feel disconnected, you're not broken — your nervous system has been protecting you. Healing begins with gentle, body-centred steps toward safety and meaning. As a somatic trauma specialist and psychologist (PhD), I guide survivors of complex trauma through embodied recovery using somatic practices (nervous system regulation, titration, pendulation), polyvagal-informed tools, and integrative depth approaches. Blending these tools, we thaw frozen states, release survival energy, and foster post-traumatic growth — at your pace.
01244 564148 View 01244 564148
Photo of Aniko Cullen - Best Self CBT, Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Best Self CBT
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
1 Endorsed
Chester CH2
Based in Chester and Wrexham, and providing online therapy, I aim to create a warm, inviting atmosphere to explore your thoughts, feelings, and any difficulties you experience and wish to change in your life. My approach is rooted in research evidence based cognitive behavioural therapy and it is delivered in a person-centred manner with empathy and understanding, recognising that each person's experience is unique. Together, with the power of collaboration, we devise personalised strategies tailored to your specific needs and therapeutic goals to navigate the complexities of your mind, helping you to reach your fullest potential.
Based in Chester and Wrexham, and providing online therapy, I aim to create a warm, inviting atmosphere to explore your thoughts, feelings, and any difficulties you experience and wish to change in your life. My approach is rooted in research evidence based cognitive behavioural therapy and it is delivered in a person-centred manner with empathy and understanding, recognising that each person's experience is unique. Together, with the power of collaboration, we devise personalised strategies tailored to your specific needs and therapeutic goals to navigate the complexities of your mind, helping you to reach your fullest potential.
01244 727269 View 01244 727269
Photo of Sam Horton, Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Sam Horton
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Chester CH2
Hello, I am Sam, a person-centred counsellor, registered member of the BACP (MBACP) and clinical supervisor. My predominant experience is with trauma, disability and anxiety, and working alongside individuals to re-find their sense of self after events or changes in circumstances, whether that be grief, diagnosis, retirement, anxiety, period of change, specific event etc. The pace and content of the sessions is client-led, and I know how important making a connection is to be able to provide the best support to you as an individual. I pride myself on a non-judgemental and individualised approach to counselling.
Hello, I am Sam, a person-centred counsellor, registered member of the BACP (MBACP) and clinical supervisor. My predominant experience is with trauma, disability and anxiety, and working alongside individuals to re-find their sense of self after events or changes in circumstances, whether that be grief, diagnosis, retirement, anxiety, period of change, specific event etc. The pace and content of the sessions is client-led, and I know how important making a connection is to be able to provide the best support to you as an individual. I pride myself on a non-judgemental and individualised approach to counselling.
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Photo of Timothy S Quick - Apex Therapy & Coaching , Psychotherapist, MSc
Apex Therapy & Coaching
Psychotherapist, MSc
Chester CH2
Worldwide Online / Chester/ Deeside / Flint - Feeling lost or stuck? You're not alone. Even the strongest among us can experience moments of uncertainty, ambivalence, or unhappiness. Life throws curveballs, and sometimes it feels like we're constantly navigating challenges. As an empathetic, non-judgmental, and professional Therapist, I understand these struggles first-hand. Since beginning my own practice, I've had the privilege of guiding individuals like you through their own unique journeys of self-discovery and growth. I believe that within each of us lies an incredible reservoir of strength and resilience.
Worldwide Online / Chester/ Deeside / Flint - Feeling lost or stuck? You're not alone. Even the strongest among us can experience moments of uncertainty, ambivalence, or unhappiness. Life throws curveballs, and sometimes it feels like we're constantly navigating challenges. As an empathetic, non-judgmental, and professional Therapist, I understand these struggles first-hand. Since beginning my own practice, I've had the privilege of guiding individuals like you through their own unique journeys of self-discovery and growth. I believe that within each of us lies an incredible reservoir of strength and resilience.
01244 727625 View 01244 727625
Photo of Samantha Wilkins, Psychotherapist, COSRT Accred
Samantha Wilkins
Psychotherapist, COSRT Accred
Chester CH2
Samantha brings a non-judgemental and open-minded approach to her practice, creating a safe space for individuals and couples to explore their sexual desires and preferences, including those that fall outside of the traditional norms. Samantha works with a range of sexual function issues and relationship problems, of which she has a deep understanding of empathy and acceptance. Samantha’s clients appreciate her warmth, understanding and her ability to integrate her diverse experiences into her therapeutic practice fostering a sense of safety and trust.
Samantha brings a non-judgemental and open-minded approach to her practice, creating a safe space for individuals and couples to explore their sexual desires and preferences, including those that fall outside of the traditional norms. Samantha works with a range of sexual function issues and relationship problems, of which she has a deep understanding of empathy and acceptance. Samantha’s clients appreciate her warmth, understanding and her ability to integrate her diverse experiences into her therapeutic practice fostering a sense of safety and trust.
01928 243257 View 01928 243257
Photo of Sophie Littler, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Sophie Littler
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
1 Endorsed
Chester CH1
I am a Consultant Clinical Psychologist and have had training and experience in many different types of psychological therapy. This enables me to offer individualised care based on the person i'm working with rather than treating people based on a generic diagnosis or label.
I am a Consultant Clinical Psychologist and have had training and experience in many different types of psychological therapy. This enables me to offer individualised care based on the person i'm working with rather than treating people based on a generic diagnosis or label.
01244 886961 View 01244 886961
Photo of Jane Archdeacon, Counsellor, MA, MBACP Accred
Jane Archdeacon
Counsellor, MA, MBACP Accred
Chester CH2
Some of the hardest things we face in life don’t have easy answers — losing someone we love, receiving a diagnosis that changes everything, or looking after someone who is seriously ill. If any of that is where you find yourself, I hope I can help. I’ve been a counsellor for over 13 years, and much of that time has been spent working with people going through exactly these kinds of experiences — in hospices, hospitals, and with the charities that support people at difficult times. It’s work I feel privileged to do. Sometimes what helps is having somewhere to say the things that are hard to say to the people closest to you.
Some of the hardest things we face in life don’t have easy answers — losing someone we love, receiving a diagnosis that changes everything, or looking after someone who is seriously ill. If any of that is where you find yourself, I hope I can help. I’ve been a counsellor for over 13 years, and much of that time has been spent working with people going through exactly these kinds of experiences — in hospices, hospitals, and with the charities that support people at difficult times. It’s work I feel privileged to do. Sometimes what helps is having somewhere to say the things that are hard to say to the people closest to you.
01244 727211 View 01244 727211
Photo of Rachel Cooper, Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
Rachel Cooper
Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
Chester CH1
As an art psychotherapist, I see clients of all ages and use creativity within therapy. I believe being creative is more powerful than just using words. This is not about art, but creatively expressing our difficulties to bring freedom. I help you to use creative ways to get to the root of a problem, allowing you to go at your own pace.
As an art psychotherapist, I see clients of all ages and use creativity within therapy. I believe being creative is more powerful than just using words. This is not about art, but creatively expressing our difficulties to bring freedom. I help you to use creative ways to get to the root of a problem, allowing you to go at your own pace.
0151 453 0191 View 0151 453 0191
Photo of Neal Edwards - Counselling & Psychotherapy in Chester, Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Making sense of life and our relationships can be challenging at times. We might find ourselves contemplating if we are causing ourselves unnecessary unhappiness, or if this is 'just the way things are'? Should I just keep sticking at 'it', or is it time for things to change? Might we be living our lives in 'survival mode' when we could be 'thriving' instead?
Making sense of life and our relationships can be challenging at times. We might find ourselves contemplating if we are causing ourselves unnecessary unhappiness, or if this is 'just the way things are'? Should I just keep sticking at 'it', or is it time for things to change? Might we be living our lives in 'survival mode' when we could be 'thriving' instead?
01244 667419 View 01244 667419
Photo of Jordan Schofield, Counsellor, MBACP
Jordan Schofield
Counsellor, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Chester CH1
I work with adults, older adults, children, and young people from all walks of life who may be struggling with anxiety, low mood, self-esteem, relationship difficulties, trauma, grief, stress, or feeling overwhelmed. Some clients come to counselling wanting support through a specific challenge, while others may simply feel stuck and unsure of why. I aim to provide a safe, supportive, and non-judgemental space where clients can explore their thoughts and emotions openly, helping them better understand themselves and move forward at their own pace.
I work with adults, older adults, children, and young people from all walks of life who may be struggling with anxiety, low mood, self-esteem, relationship difficulties, trauma, grief, stress, or feeling overwhelmed. Some clients come to counselling wanting support through a specific challenge, while others may simply feel stuck and unsure of why. I aim to provide a safe, supportive, and non-judgemental space where clients can explore their thoughts and emotions openly, helping them better understand themselves and move forward at their own pace.
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Photo of Andrew Price, Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Andrew Price
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Chester CH2
I am a qualified and experienced counsellor with over 13 years’ experience across private practise, the NHS and local and national charities. My experience informs me that understanding our past experiences affects the way we live and relate to others in the present. My therapy approach is trauma informed and integrates different therapeutic approaches which are applied flexibly to meet your individual needs. Alongside talking therapy I also offer EMDR therapy to help you process distressing past events.
I am a qualified and experienced counsellor with over 13 years’ experience across private practise, the NHS and local and national charities. My experience informs me that understanding our past experiences affects the way we live and relate to others in the present. My therapy approach is trauma informed and integrates different therapeutic approaches which are applied flexibly to meet your individual needs. Alongside talking therapy I also offer EMDR therapy to help you process distressing past events.
01928 243461 View 01928 243461
Photo of Haley Lewis - Haley Lewis - Listening Room Psychotherapy, Psychotherapist, UKCP Trainee
Haley Lewis - Listening Room Psychotherapy
Psychotherapist, UKCP Trainee
Chester CH3
Psychotherapist based online, or face-to-face near Wrexham and Chester (CH3). Many people come to therapy during the messy reality of trying to become, or being, a parent - navigating fertility treatment, pregnancy, birth trauma, relationship strain, separation, blended families, or co-parenting. Others feel overwhelmed, emotionally exhausted, stuck in patterns that no longer work, or disconnected from themselves beneath the pressure of carrying too much for too long. Therapy offers a steady space to slow down, understand yourself more deeply, and begin relating differently.
Psychotherapist based online, or face-to-face near Wrexham and Chester (CH3). Many people come to therapy during the messy reality of trying to become, or being, a parent - navigating fertility treatment, pregnancy, birth trauma, relationship strain, separation, blended families, or co-parenting. Others feel overwhelmed, emotionally exhausted, stuck in patterns that no longer work, or disconnected from themselves beneath the pressure of carrying too much for too long. Therapy offers a steady space to slow down, understand yourself more deeply, and begin relating differently.
01948 809450 View 01948 809450
Photo of Angharad Rees, Counsellor, MSc, MNCPS Acc.
Angharad Rees
Counsellor, MSc, MNCPS Acc.
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Many of the people I work with feel stuck, overwhelmed, or unsure how to move forward. You may be living with the effects of CPTSD or navigating relationship difficulties, grief, or struggling with intense emotions like anxiety or depression. You might notice old patterns repeating, a loss of direction, or a growing sense of disconnection from yourself. More than anything, you may be wanting clarity, relief, and a way back to feeling grounded, safe, and more like yourself. I welcome you to come as you are. I’m an integrative trauma psychotherapist, and I offer a supportive and caring space where you can explore these experiences.
Many of the people I work with feel stuck, overwhelmed, or unsure how to move forward. You may be living with the effects of CPTSD or navigating relationship difficulties, grief, or struggling with intense emotions like anxiety or depression. You might notice old patterns repeating, a loss of direction, or a growing sense of disconnection from yourself. More than anything, you may be wanting clarity, relief, and a way back to feeling grounded, safe, and more like yourself. I welcome you to come as you are. I’m an integrative trauma psychotherapist, and I offer a supportive and caring space where you can explore these experiences.
01244 727771 View 01244 727771
Photo of Amanda Jane Kinsella - Dr Amanda Kinsella: MindfulPsychology, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Dr Amanda Kinsella: MindfulPsychology
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Chester CH1
Mindful Psychology LTD is an independent private psychology practice. Our services are directed by Dr Amanda Kinsella and her team of counselling and clinical (HCPC) registered psychologists. All our psychologists have undergone rigorous doctorate training and bring together a wealth of experience from years of service and expertise within the NHS and the private sector. Within our individual clinical therapies we offer support to individuals and couples who seek solutions to their psychological and emotional difficulties. We offer a range of evidence based therapies: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Relational psychotherapy.
Mindful Psychology LTD is an independent private psychology practice. Our services are directed by Dr Amanda Kinsella and her team of counselling and clinical (HCPC) registered psychologists. All our psychologists have undergone rigorous doctorate training and bring together a wealth of experience from years of service and expertise within the NHS and the private sector. Within our individual clinical therapies we offer support to individuals and couples who seek solutions to their psychological and emotional difficulties. We offer a range of evidence based therapies: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Relational psychotherapy.
01244 470634 View 01244 470634
Photo of Dr Sophie Foster, Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Sophie Foster
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Chester CH2
I work with children, young people, families, and adults who might be feeling stuck, overwhelmed, or in need of some extra support. Many people come to me wanting to better understand themselves or their child and find a way forward. I provide a safe, welcoming space to explore what’s going on, build on strengths, and feel more connected, whether that’s through therapy or support for parents and carers.
I work with children, young people, families, and adults who might be feeling stuck, overwhelmed, or in need of some extra support. Many people come to me wanting to better understand themselves or their child and find a way forward. I provide a safe, welcoming space to explore what’s going on, build on strengths, and feel more connected, whether that’s through therapy or support for parents and carers.
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Photo of Annabelle Smith, Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Annabelle Smith
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Chester CH1
Hi there. Integrative therapist with many years experience. Working with ages 14+. Offering variable hours. Working in Chester, Heswall and online. Special interest and further training in Anxiety, OCD and all forms of childhood abuse/trauma. I’m committed to creating a safe and supportive space where you can explore your thoughts and feelings without judgment. I will be alongside you on your journey and together will explore what has been going on in your life and look at the bits you are not happy with. I will support you as you pick up new skills or adapt ones that you already had to find a way forward that feels better for you.
Hi there. Integrative therapist with many years experience. Working with ages 14+. Offering variable hours. Working in Chester, Heswall and online. Special interest and further training in Anxiety, OCD and all forms of childhood abuse/trauma. I’m committed to creating a safe and supportive space where you can explore your thoughts and feelings without judgment. I will be alongside you on your journey and together will explore what has been going on in your life and look at the bits you are not happy with. I will support you as you pick up new skills or adapt ones that you already had to find a way forward that feels better for you.
01244 667191 View 01244 667191

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Chester

100+

Average cost per session

£60

Counsellors in Chester who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
86% Self Esteem
76% Stress
70% Relationship Issues
70% Trauma and PTSD
64% Bereavement

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

63% Aviva
59% Bupa
50% WPA

How Counsellors in Chester see their clients

73% In Person and Online
27% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
17% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Chester?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.