Counselling in Broadbridge Heath

Photo of Katie Crouch, Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Katie Crouch
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
I am an experienced Psychodynamic Counsellor located near Horsham, West Sussex, with convenient access and private parking. I offer both short-term, focused work and longer-term therapy, available online or in person during weekday hours. In our sessions, we will explore the issues that have led you to seek counselling within a safe and non-judgmental environment. My approach is to listen empathetically and provide insight tailored to your unique situation, offering support for your individual needs.
I am an experienced Psychodynamic Counsellor located near Horsham, West Sussex, with convenient access and private parking. I offer both short-term, focused work and longer-term therapy, available online or in person during weekday hours. In our sessions, we will explore the issues that have led you to seek counselling within a safe and non-judgmental environment. My approach is to listen empathetically and provide insight tailored to your unique situation, offering support for your individual needs.
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More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Dr Ollie Hawthorne, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Ollie Hawthorne
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
2 Endorsed
London SE22
Not accepting new clients
I am a highly trained and registered clinical psychologist, with 14 years of experience in the NHS. Most of the people I see come because they are feeling unsatisfied with their life, are struggling to meet their expectations of themselves, or are finding that anxiety or depression is getting in the way of work or relationships. Some come because they just want to understand themselves better. My aim is to help you understand what is stuck and, in doing so, help you to feel more free to live life as you would choose.
I am a highly trained and registered clinical psychologist, with 14 years of experience in the NHS. Most of the people I see come because they are feeling unsatisfied with their life, are struggling to meet their expectations of themselves, or are finding that anxiety or depression is getting in the way of work or relationships. Some come because they just want to understand themselves better. My aim is to help you understand what is stuck and, in doing so, help you to feel more free to live life as you would choose.
020 4524 3140 View 020 4524 3140
Photo of Dr Yordan K. Zhekov, Counsellor, PhD, MBACP
Dr Yordan K. Zhekov
Counsellor, PhD, MBACP
Serves Area
Are you feeling depressed, anxious, stressed or struggling with everyday life? Perhaps you are experiencing feelings you can't quite identify? Are you looking for help with various life challenging issues/situations? Have you got to the point where you can't go on alone and need someone else to help you? Whatever you are facing, you no longer have to do this alone, I am here to provide you with relevant support and address your needs. As an integrative counsellor I am using a compilation of therapeutic methods tailored to the individual's needs and goals providing an environment for enablement and empowerment of their achievement.
Are you feeling depressed, anxious, stressed or struggling with everyday life? Perhaps you are experiencing feelings you can't quite identify? Are you looking for help with various life challenging issues/situations? Have you got to the point where you can't go on alone and need someone else to help you? Whatever you are facing, you no longer have to do this alone, I am here to provide you with relevant support and address your needs. As an integrative counsellor I am using a compilation of therapeutic methods tailored to the individual's needs and goals providing an environment for enablement and empowerment of their achievement.
01923 936765 View 01923 936765
Photo of Amna Khan, Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, MNCPS Acc.
Amna Khan
Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, MNCPS Acc.
London SW16
I am an Integrative relational psychotherapist and a mental well being coach. My approach is warm, gentle and authentic and I work at a pace suiting individual client needs. My working style is diverse and I use different therapeutic approaches/models bringing my coaching/NLP training into the sessions if needed to best serve my clients. I use self compassion as a core principle and offer my clients a safe space to talk and express themselves freely without any judgment. We all need to feel seen, heard and valued. I strive to establish trust with my clients to help them in their journey of growth, healing and self discovery
I am an Integrative relational psychotherapist and a mental well being coach. My approach is warm, gentle and authentic and I work at a pace suiting individual client needs. My working style is diverse and I use different therapeutic approaches/models bringing my coaching/NLP training into the sessions if needed to best serve my clients. I use self compassion as a core principle and offer my clients a safe space to talk and express themselves freely without any judgment. We all need to feel seen, heard and valued. I strive to establish trust with my clients to help them in their journey of growth, healing and self discovery
020 3376 6074 View 020 3376 6074
Photo of Danielle Nicole Phoenix, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Danielle Nicole Phoenix
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Uckfield TN22
It is a natural part of life to go through periods where it can feel really difficult to securely exist and to move through life comfortably, both in relation to body and mind. The extent to which this is experienced depends on the individual and their own set of life experiences, including personal and family history, ancestry, and each individual’s unique genetic-biological make-up. Thus, I incorporate all of these elements into my work.
It is a natural part of life to go through periods where it can feel really difficult to securely exist and to move through life comfortably, both in relation to body and mind. The extent to which this is experienced depends on the individual and their own set of life experiences, including personal and family history, ancestry, and each individual’s unique genetic-biological make-up. Thus, I incorporate all of these elements into my work.
01342 777703 View 01342 777703
Photo of Lisa Cook, Counsellor, MBACP
Lisa Cook
Counsellor, MBACP
Whether a couple or an individual, whatever troubles you…abuse, anxiety, low self-esteem, relationship issues, sex, sexuality and psychosexual issues, trauma or any other issue…the first step back to well-being is to reach out for support. Perhaps a counselling relationship is what you need to help you through. Although family, close friends and colleagues can offer valuable support, sometimes these very relationships can be barriers to exploring honestly and openly what you may be thinking or experiencing. This is where the therapeutic counselling relationship could help.
Whether a couple or an individual, whatever troubles you…abuse, anxiety, low self-esteem, relationship issues, sex, sexuality and psychosexual issues, trauma or any other issue…the first step back to well-being is to reach out for support. Perhaps a counselling relationship is what you need to help you through. Although family, close friends and colleagues can offer valuable support, sometimes these very relationships can be barriers to exploring honestly and openly what you may be thinking or experiencing. This is where the therapeutic counselling relationship could help.
01903 497579 View 01903 497579
Photo of Ivona Victoria Gordon, Counsellor, MBACP
Ivona Victoria Gordon
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
To take that first step and seek support outside your usual network may seem daunting for many. You may feel that sense of embarrassment, fear and uncertainty trusting somebody you have yet to meet and, with this in mind, my intention is to first build a trusting, empathetic and genuine client/counsellor relationship with you. This may take time yet I will work at your pace to ensure that you feel supported as we work together to explore your issues knowing that you would not be judged or ridiculed for what you share.
To take that first step and seek support outside your usual network may seem daunting for many. You may feel that sense of embarrassment, fear and uncertainty trusting somebody you have yet to meet and, with this in mind, my intention is to first build a trusting, empathetic and genuine client/counsellor relationship with you. This may take time yet I will work at your pace to ensure that you feel supported as we work together to explore your issues knowing that you would not be judged or ridiculed for what you share.
020 3948 8937 View 020 3948 8937
Photo of Phillip Ellington, Counsellor, MBACP
Phillip Ellington
Counsellor, MBACP
Online Only
To the outside observer the field of psychotherapy offers a bewildering array of approaches. My suggestion is that you don’t try to choose between them, but focus instead on the person you might work with. In many ways, your relationship with your counsellor is the key to getting the results you want. So, you need someone you can trust and be absolutely open with. Tune into your feelings. Let them to help you decide which candidates are empathic, respectful and honest. Did you feel treated as an equal? Did you leave a meeting feeling warm?
To the outside observer the field of psychotherapy offers a bewildering array of approaches. My suggestion is that you don’t try to choose between them, but focus instead on the person you might work with. In many ways, your relationship with your counsellor is the key to getting the results you want. So, you need someone you can trust and be absolutely open with. Tune into your feelings. Let them to help you decide which candidates are empathic, respectful and honest. Did you feel treated as an equal? Did you leave a meeting feeling warm?
020 4538 0381 View 020 4538 0381
Photo of Lorraine Gallagher, Counsellor, MBACP
Lorraine Gallagher
Counsellor, MBACP
I am passionate about providing a place that is confidential and safe, in a non judgemental way. I am a qualified integrative counsellor. (Integrative means I use different approaches depending on what the client needs). I am a member of the BACP (British Association of Counsellors and Psychotherapists). I am also an accredited member of the Counselling and Psychotherapy Society. I can offer you the time and space to reflect on difficult feelings. I offer empathy and congruence. I am here to support you with whatever is troubling you, whether it be relationship problems. a traumatic even or bereavement, anxiety/depression.
I am passionate about providing a place that is confidential and safe, in a non judgemental way. I am a qualified integrative counsellor. (Integrative means I use different approaches depending on what the client needs). I am a member of the BACP (British Association of Counsellors and Psychotherapists). I am also an accredited member of the Counselling and Psychotherapy Society. I can offer you the time and space to reflect on difficult feelings. I offer empathy and congruence. I am here to support you with whatever is troubling you, whether it be relationship problems. a traumatic even or bereavement, anxiety/depression.
01883 776042 View 01883 776042
Photo of Rachel Farrell, Counsellor, MBACP
Rachel Farrell
Counsellor, MBACP
Hi, I'm Rachel. I'm a BACP registered Integrative Relational Therapist based in Brighton UK, working in-person, online and over the phone. I can offer a non-judgemental and compassionate space to explore the following issues:
Hi, I'm Rachel. I'm a BACP registered Integrative Relational Therapist based in Brighton UK, working in-person, online and over the phone. I can offer a non-judgemental and compassionate space to explore the following issues:
01273 034745 View 01273 034745
Photo of Stefanie Marsh, Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Stefanie Marsh
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
1 Endorsed
London W4
I am a UKCP-registered psychotherapist and art psychotherapist. If you would like to explore how therapy might help you, my practice offers a safe and professional environment where you can speak openly to get to the root of problems you may be struggling with. I have a wide range of experience helping people work through what may feel like irresolvable challenges. Gaining insight, increased resilience, a stronger sense of self and better relationships are often key milestones. I specialise in anxiety, depression, neurodivergence including ADHD, trauma, family, work and family issues.
I am a UKCP-registered psychotherapist and art psychotherapist. If you would like to explore how therapy might help you, my practice offers a safe and professional environment where you can speak openly to get to the root of problems you may be struggling with. I have a wide range of experience helping people work through what may feel like irresolvable challenges. Gaining insight, increased resilience, a stronger sense of self and better relationships are often key milestones. I specialise in anxiety, depression, neurodivergence including ADHD, trauma, family, work and family issues.
020 3946 9953 View 020 3946 9953
Photo of Becky Shave, Counsellor, BACP
Becky Shave
Counsellor, BACP
Camberley GU15
In our modern society there are so many potential situations where life can become difficult without warning. Some people may have experienced difficulties throughout the whole of their lives, some may have experienced changes to their circumstances that have led to difficulties arising in their teens, 20s, 30s or further into adulthood. Some people may not even have been aware that their circumstances and experiences have led them to a place where they needed help. Whatever a person’s life experiences, everyone deserves an opportunity to heal, develop a stronger sense of self, or just understand themselves better.
In our modern society there are so many potential situations where life can become difficult without warning. Some people may have experienced difficulties throughout the whole of their lives, some may have experienced changes to their circumstances that have led to difficulties arising in their teens, 20s, 30s or further into adulthood. Some people may not even have been aware that their circumstances and experiences have led them to a place where they needed help. Whatever a person’s life experiences, everyone deserves an opportunity to heal, develop a stronger sense of self, or just understand themselves better.
01276 537711 View 01276 537711
Photo of Christopher Davies - Bounce Back Psychotherapy, Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
Bounce Back Psychotherapy
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
1 Endorsed
Hello and welcome to the page for Bounce Back Psychotherapy! My name is Chris and I am an independent accredited cognitive behavioural therapist, with over 20 years experience working in mental health, for individual and couples. Life is a juggling act, and therapy is not a 9-5 service, which is why I offer regular evening and weekend digital sessions. The primary focus of my work is depressive and anxiety disorders, including PTSD, complex PTSD and OCD. Additionally, I can adapt my CBT practice to include elements of Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (ACT), Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT) and Comprehend, Cope and Connect (CCC).
Hello and welcome to the page for Bounce Back Psychotherapy! My name is Chris and I am an independent accredited cognitive behavioural therapist, with over 20 years experience working in mental health, for individual and couples. Life is a juggling act, and therapy is not a 9-5 service, which is why I offer regular evening and weekend digital sessions. The primary focus of my work is depressive and anxiety disorders, including PTSD, complex PTSD and OCD. Additionally, I can adapt my CBT practice to include elements of Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (ACT), Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT) and Comprehend, Cope and Connect (CCC).
023 8272 1775 View 023 8272 1775
Photo of Eva Zsuzsanna Vass - Tranquil Nest, Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Tranquil Nest
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Bracknell RG12
I have been working with adult clients majority of whom have presented with issues like anxiety, depression, relationship issues, low confidence, loss and trauma. After exploring the current situation we aim to find the root cause of their feelings. This usually leads the client to have a deeper understanding of themselves, and also enables them to develop a new sense of self and create a set of tools to make lasting changes in their lives. Growing in self compassion I believe is the base of good mental health. My work with my clients also involves working on the new core beliefs they want their old ones to be replaced with.
I have been working with adult clients majority of whom have presented with issues like anxiety, depression, relationship issues, low confidence, loss and trauma. After exploring the current situation we aim to find the root cause of their feelings. This usually leads the client to have a deeper understanding of themselves, and also enables them to develop a new sense of self and create a set of tools to make lasting changes in their lives. Growing in self compassion I believe is the base of good mental health. My work with my clients also involves working on the new core beliefs they want their old ones to be replaced with.
01344 964807 View 01344 964807
Photo of Baanu Baghbani-Irvine, Psychotherapist, MSc, BACP
Baanu Baghbani-Irvine
Psychotherapist, MSc, BACP
I am a qualified Psychotherapist with degrees in number of different therapeutic modalities and over 20 years experience in Family and Children Services and private practice. I use effective evidence-based techniques, practices and therapeutic skills to tailor-make my approach. I use active-directive psychotherapy that promotes change by helping clients to identify, confront, and change their self-defeating thoughts and beliefs. I have extensive experience working with attachment, Childhood trauma and family relationships and in the treatment of many mental and emotional disturbances.
I am a qualified Psychotherapist with degrees in number of different therapeutic modalities and over 20 years experience in Family and Children Services and private practice. I use effective evidence-based techniques, practices and therapeutic skills to tailor-make my approach. I use active-directive psychotherapy that promotes change by helping clients to identify, confront, and change their self-defeating thoughts and beliefs. I have extensive experience working with attachment, Childhood trauma and family relationships and in the treatment of many mental and emotional disturbances.
020 3856 4052 View 020 3856 4052
Photo of Lysa Kelly, Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Lysa Kelly
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
3 Endorsed
Serves Area
As an integrative psychotherapist and trauma therapist, my approach is rooted in curiosity: seeking to understand what may be getting in the way of what you most want for yourself. I weave innovative contemporary approaches into how I work, including IFS, SE, NARM and Somatic EMDR. I work inclusively with all people, couples and groups in the exploration of personal and professional issues, relationships, low self-esteem, identity, diversity, addiction, compulsive behaviours, life transitions and trauma. While trauma is a reality for many people who seek therapy, experience has shown me it doesn't have to be a life sentence.
As an integrative psychotherapist and trauma therapist, my approach is rooted in curiosity: seeking to understand what may be getting in the way of what you most want for yourself. I weave innovative contemporary approaches into how I work, including IFS, SE, NARM and Somatic EMDR. I work inclusively with all people, couples and groups in the exploration of personal and professional issues, relationships, low self-esteem, identity, diversity, addiction, compulsive behaviours, life transitions and trauma. While trauma is a reality for many people who seek therapy, experience has shown me it doesn't have to be a life sentence.
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Photo of Maria Mizamidou, Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP Accred
Maria Mizamidou
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP Accred
Online Only
I support individuals struggling with emotions and challenging relationship dynamics across all areas of life—family, friends, partners, or colleagues. If you find yourself caught in repetitive patterns and confused by your own emotions and actions, I'm here to help. My aim is to guide you toward healthier, more rewarding relationships, enhancing your overall happiness. Together, we will dive into these patterns to better understand and transform your behaviors for a more fulfilling life. In addition, my practice includes working with people who are dealing with anxiety, depression, and trauma, helping them to heal and grow.
I support individuals struggling with emotions and challenging relationship dynamics across all areas of life—family, friends, partners, or colleagues. If you find yourself caught in repetitive patterns and confused by your own emotions and actions, I'm here to help. My aim is to guide you toward healthier, more rewarding relationships, enhancing your overall happiness. Together, we will dive into these patterns to better understand and transform your behaviors for a more fulfilling life. In addition, my practice includes working with people who are dealing with anxiety, depression, and trauma, helping them to heal and grow.
01767 661698 View 01767 661698
Photo of Kirsty Carmichael, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Kirsty Carmichael
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Online Only
I am Dr Kirsty Carmichael and I am a Practitioner Psychologist registered with the Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC) with more than 12 years experience of working in the NHS. I offer a range of psychological therapies for adults, young people, couples and families.
I am Dr Kirsty Carmichael and I am a Practitioner Psychologist registered with the Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC) with more than 12 years experience of working in the NHS. I offer a range of psychological therapies for adults, young people, couples and families.
020 3835 5282 View 020 3835 5282
Photo of Matthew Jadavji - LGBTQ+ and ADHD Psychotherapy: A New Hope Therapy, Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
LGBTQ+ and ADHD Psychotherapy: A New Hope Therapy
Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
5 Endorsed
Online Only
Hello, I’m Matthew (he/him), a therapist offering online and phone therapy for LGBTQ+ and neurodivergent adults — including those with ADHD, autism, or who are exploring identity, burnout, or relationship struggles. You don’t need to mask here. You don’t need to perform or explain yourself. This is a space to be fully you. You might be feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or unsure of where to go next in life. Maybe you're navigating big transitions, patterns that feel hard to shift, or a deep sense of being “too much” or “not enough.” Whatever brings you here, you’re welcome — exactly as you are.
Hello, I’m Matthew (he/him), a therapist offering online and phone therapy for LGBTQ+ and neurodivergent adults — including those with ADHD, autism, or who are exploring identity, burnout, or relationship struggles. You don’t need to mask here. You don’t need to perform or explain yourself. This is a space to be fully you. You might be feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or unsure of where to go next in life. Maybe you're navigating big transitions, patterns that feel hard to shift, or a deep sense of being “too much” or “not enough.” Whatever brings you here, you’re welcome — exactly as you are.
020 3823 6649 View 020 3823 6649
Photo of Mike Small
Mike Small
Verified Verified
I'm a qualified and registered psychosynthesis counsellor, I offer an integrative transpersonal approach, supporting the whole person - mind, body and emotions. Psychosynthesis places value on the unique journey of each individual and helps bring awareness to both present struggles and deeper potential. I've also trained with Cruse Bereavement Support, working alongside individuals who are navigating the challenges of grief and loss.
I'm a qualified and registered psychosynthesis counsellor, I offer an integrative transpersonal approach, supporting the whole person - mind, body and emotions. Psychosynthesis places value on the unique journey of each individual and helps bring awareness to both present struggles and deeper potential. I've also trained with Cruse Bereavement Support, working alongside individuals who are navigating the challenges of grief and loss.
01342 645082 View 01342 645082

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Broadbridge Heath

< 10

Counsellors in Broadbridge Heath who prioritize treating:

100% Relationship Issues
100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Bereavement
100% Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD)
100% Parenting
100% Spirituality

Average years in practice

3 Years

Gender breakdown

100% Female

How Counsellors in Broadbridge Heath see their clients

100% In Person and Online
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Broadbridge Heath?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.