Counselling in Boroughbridge

Photo of Caroline Smith, Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP Accred
Caroline Smith
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP Accred
Serves Area
Most people feel overwhelmed and 'burned out' at some point in their life. Often we know what the problem is, it might be work related, personal or a combination of things. Maybe, it is less clear, a general awareness of feeling low and unhappy much of the time without really knowing why. It can be invaluable to have somewhere private and confidential to talk, to be able to think more clearly about what isn't working, the reasons why and how things could be different going forward.
Most people feel overwhelmed and 'burned out' at some point in their life. Often we know what the problem is, it might be work related, personal or a combination of things. Maybe, it is less clear, a general awareness of feeling low and unhappy much of the time without really knowing why. It can be invaluable to have somewhere private and confidential to talk, to be able to think more clearly about what isn't working, the reasons why and how things could be different going forward.
01423 803310 View 01423 803310
Photo of Chloe Straver, Counsellor, MBACP
Chloe Straver
Counsellor, MBACP
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Hi there, thank you for visiting my page and well done for making the first step on your journey. I know what it’s like to feel stuck in the dark. It can be lonely and scary, but we don’t need to stay there. Let’s work together to find your way out. I provide a safe and non-judgmental space for clients to gain a clearer perception of themselves and work towards positive psychological growth. It is through our relationships that we understand who we are and how we relate to others and the world. I therefore believe that, in order to change and grow, the therapeutic relationship is key.
Hi there, thank you for visiting my page and well done for making the first step on your journey. I know what it’s like to feel stuck in the dark. It can be lonely and scary, but we don’t need to stay there. Let’s work together to find your way out. I provide a safe and non-judgmental space for clients to gain a clearer perception of themselves and work towards positive psychological growth. It is through our relationships that we understand who we are and how we relate to others and the world. I therefore believe that, in order to change and grow, the therapeutic relationship is key.
01483 968711 View 01483 968711
Photo of Sarah Wilson - Dr Sarah Wilson Counselling Psychology, Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Dr Sarah Wilson Counselling Psychology
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Serves Area
I’m a Doctor in Counselling Psychology with 19 years of post-qualification experience supporting adults with a wide range of emotional and psychological difficulties. I offer both face-to-face and online therapy for individuals aged 18 and over. Whether you're looking for short-term support to manage a specific issue, or longer-term therapy to explore deeper patterns, I tailor my approach to suit your individual needs. I work integratively, drawing from different therapeutic models to ensure that our work together is meaningful and effective for you.
I’m a Doctor in Counselling Psychology with 19 years of post-qualification experience supporting adults with a wide range of emotional and psychological difficulties. I offer both face-to-face and online therapy for individuals aged 18 and over. Whether you're looking for short-term support to manage a specific issue, or longer-term therapy to explore deeper patterns, I tailor my approach to suit your individual needs. I work integratively, drawing from different therapeutic models to ensure that our work together is meaningful and effective for you.
01423 449121 View 01423 449121
Photo of Catherine Harris, Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Catherine Harris
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Hello, I'm Catherine. I am a fully qualified, UKCP registered Psychotherapist and Counsellor. I consider myself to be compassionate, humble and non-judgemental. I work relationally, tailoring the therapy to your individual needs. I understand that life can present various challenges and that seeking help can be a daunting step. I offer a supportive, safe and confidential environment for you to explore your thoughts and feelings. My hope is for you to feel safe, heard, understood and empowered to make decisions.
Hello, I'm Catherine. I am a fully qualified, UKCP registered Psychotherapist and Counsellor. I consider myself to be compassionate, humble and non-judgemental. I work relationally, tailoring the therapy to your individual needs. I understand that life can present various challenges and that seeking help can be a daunting step. I offer a supportive, safe and confidential environment for you to explore your thoughts and feelings. My hope is for you to feel safe, heard, understood and empowered to make decisions.
01765 530592 View 01765 530592
Photo of Daniel Easton, Counsellor, MBACP
Daniel Easton
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
Hello. My name is Daniel. I am an qualified and experienced Counsellor working from Harrogate, North Yorkshire. I can help with many issues including; Family and relationship issues, Anxiety and Stress, Depression, Grief and Loss Purpose, direction and motivation Addictions, Moderate mental health concerns Difficult and undesirable behaviour's Issues around Christian faith and spirituality .
Hello. My name is Daniel. I am an qualified and experienced Counsellor working from Harrogate, North Yorkshire. I can help with many issues including; Family and relationship issues, Anxiety and Stress, Depression, Grief and Loss Purpose, direction and motivation Addictions, Moderate mental health concerns Difficult and undesirable behaviour's Issues around Christian faith and spirituality .
01423 740536 View 01423 740536

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Eleanor Sophie McKone, Counsellor, MBACP
Eleanor Sophie McKone
Counsellor, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Hello, my name is Eleanor and I am a qualified counsellor/ psychotherapist for children, young people and adults. I provide an empathic, warm, non-judgemental space, where together we can explore what is going on for you. I am an integrative counsellor, whereby I use a range of methods to suit the clients needs, including talking therapy and play therapy. I am particularly interested in exploring attachment styles with my clients as I believe our early attachments can significantly shape the people that we become. I also have a keen interest and experience in working with neurodiversity.
Hello, my name is Eleanor and I am a qualified counsellor/ psychotherapist for children, young people and adults. I provide an empathic, warm, non-judgemental space, where together we can explore what is going on for you. I am an integrative counsellor, whereby I use a range of methods to suit the clients needs, including talking therapy and play therapy. I am particularly interested in exploring attachment styles with my clients as I believe our early attachments can significantly shape the people that we become. I also have a keen interest and experience in working with neurodiversity.
0113 519 1182 View 0113 519 1182
Photo of Abby B Maitland, Psychotherapist, MSc
Abby B Maitland
Psychotherapist, MSc
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Throughout my career, I have been drawn to the relational aspect of therapy, recognising that the therapeutic relationship is a powerful catalyst for change. I believe that a collaborative and empathetic approach is essential in fostering trust, understanding, and ultimately, lasting progress. My clients have come to rely on my active listening skills, emotional intelligence, and non-judgmental attitude, which allows them to feel safe and supported as they navigate their personal struggles. I take pride in my ability to establish strong therapeutic alliances, enabling me to tailor my approach to clients’ individual needs and goals.
Throughout my career, I have been drawn to the relational aspect of therapy, recognising that the therapeutic relationship is a powerful catalyst for change. I believe that a collaborative and empathetic approach is essential in fostering trust, understanding, and ultimately, lasting progress. My clients have come to rely on my active listening skills, emotional intelligence, and non-judgmental attitude, which allows them to feel safe and supported as they navigate their personal struggles. I take pride in my ability to establish strong therapeutic alliances, enabling me to tailor my approach to clients’ individual needs and goals.
01539 885310 View 01539 885310
Photo of Eli Pines - Hope and Success counselling, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Hope and Success counselling
Psychotherapist, MBACP
79 Endorsed
Online Only
In my opinion a free consultation is a must so you can get a chance to discuss what’s going on for you and how counselling could help. It’s also a chance to get a feel if we are a good match with no obligation to continue. I would be glad to hear from you to see if I can help you. "What to expect? I have a flexible approach to our sessions, I offer brief intervention work for short term problems which may be a reaction to a life event. Longer term therapy for difficulties you may have been experiencing over a long period of time.
In my opinion a free consultation is a must so you can get a chance to discuss what’s going on for you and how counselling could help. It’s also a chance to get a feel if we are a good match with no obligation to continue. I would be glad to hear from you to see if I can help you. "What to expect? I have a flexible approach to our sessions, I offer brief intervention work for short term problems which may be a reaction to a life event. Longer term therapy for difficulties you may have been experiencing over a long period of time.
020 4634 8717 View 020 4634 8717
Photo of Rachel H Hayes, Counsellor, BACP
Rachel H Hayes
Counsellor, BACP
I’m a person-centred Counsellor offering a warm, non-judgemental space where you can explore your thoughts and feelings at your own pace, in a way that feels right for you. You are not a problem to be solved. You are a person to be supported. I work with adults facing a wide range of issues, including: anxiety, low self-esteem, relationship difficulties, loss, trauma and life transitions I also have experience working with young people aged 15–18 and have found that the person-centred approach is especially effective for this age group. It offers a supportive space to explore thoughts and feelings without pressure or judgement.
I’m a person-centred Counsellor offering a warm, non-judgemental space where you can explore your thoughts and feelings at your own pace, in a way that feels right for you. You are not a problem to be solved. You are a person to be supported. I work with adults facing a wide range of issues, including: anxiety, low self-esteem, relationship difficulties, loss, trauma and life transitions I also have experience working with young people aged 15–18 and have found that the person-centred approach is especially effective for this age group. It offers a supportive space to explore thoughts and feelings without pressure or judgement.
0113 519 7258 View 0113 519 7258
Photo of Michael F Harris, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Michael F Harris
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Online Only
I'm Michael, a fully qualified therapist, governed by BACP, NCPS & BPS accredited counselling bodies. I offer Life and Wellness therapy in Bristol (and beyond) to individuals, couples, groups and companies. My Bristol Counselling practice (and beyond) is online, or by telephone, across English-speaking time zones, at a schedule that works for you. I help you find your Blazing Soul - balance and direction, clarity and focus, increased confidence and self-esteem, and improved mental, physical and emotional wealth.
I'm Michael, a fully qualified therapist, governed by BACP, NCPS & BPS accredited counselling bodies. I offer Life and Wellness therapy in Bristol (and beyond) to individuals, couples, groups and companies. My Bristol Counselling practice (and beyond) is online, or by telephone, across English-speaking time zones, at a schedule that works for you. I help you find your Blazing Soul - balance and direction, clarity and focus, increased confidence and self-esteem, and improved mental, physical and emotional wealth.
01454 803912 View 01454 803912
Photo of Tracey Helen Underwood - Tracey Underwood Talking Therapies, Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Tracey Underwood Talking Therapies
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Thank you for taking the time to look at my profile. Choosing a therapist can be a daunting process so it's important to know a little about me and how therapy can help. I have worked for the NHS for 27 years, firstly as a Registered Mental Health Nurse then extending my training to talking therapies. My aim is to provide a safe and welcoming environment for you to explore your difficulties, to feel heard and learn new ways to relate to yourself and others. I strongly believe that every person has the capacity to cultivate their own inner strength and resilience with the right guidance and support.
Thank you for taking the time to look at my profile. Choosing a therapist can be a daunting process so it's important to know a little about me and how therapy can help. I have worked for the NHS for 27 years, firstly as a Registered Mental Health Nurse then extending my training to talking therapies. My aim is to provide a safe and welcoming environment for you to explore your difficulties, to feel heard and learn new ways to relate to yourself and others. I strongly believe that every person has the capacity to cultivate their own inner strength and resilience with the right guidance and support.
01642 065515 View 01642 065515
Photo of Brian Padden, Counsellor, MA, BACP
Brian Padden
Counsellor, MA, BACP
2 Endorsed
Bingley BD16
I'm a counsellor with years of experience working with children, teenagers and young people as well as adults. I use a range of different counselling styles to help you with your issues in a way that works for you. I work in a non-judgemental way to help you untangle and unlock your issues. Often emotions and behaviours are caused by unknown and unmet needs. I work in a supportive person-centred way to help you to find whatever it is that makes you angry, worried, stressed, lacking in confidence and any other unwanted feeling. With support you will be able to change these negative feelings and find control over your emotions.
I'm a counsellor with years of experience working with children, teenagers and young people as well as adults. I use a range of different counselling styles to help you with your issues in a way that works for you. I work in a non-judgemental way to help you untangle and unlock your issues. Often emotions and behaviours are caused by unknown and unmet needs. I work in a supportive person-centred way to help you to find whatever it is that makes you angry, worried, stressed, lacking in confidence and any other unwanted feeling. With support you will be able to change these negative feelings and find control over your emotions.
01535 286045 View 01535 286045
Photo of Jeni Odonnell, Psychotherapist, MNCPS Acc.
Jeni Odonnell
Psychotherapist, MNCPS Acc.
Online Only
Hi, I'm Jeni - an accredited Psychotherapeutic Counsellor and Coach. I offer a warmly direct approach, helping you to cut through the noise and get to the heart of what's holding you back. By working in a Pluralistic way, I tailor our sessions to suit you, drawing from a range of approaches to find what works best for your unique needs and goals.
Hi, I'm Jeni - an accredited Psychotherapeutic Counsellor and Coach. I offer a warmly direct approach, helping you to cut through the noise and get to the heart of what's holding you back. By working in a Pluralistic way, I tailor our sessions to suit you, drawing from a range of approaches to find what works best for your unique needs and goals.
01226 664692 View 01226 664692
Photo of Hilary Cartmel-Batty, Counsellor, MBACP
Hilary Cartmel-Batty
Counsellor, MBACP
Selby YO8
People come to counselling a for a wide range of issues ranging from trauma, PTSD to making a decision that is proving difficult to navigate or simply needing a space to talk without judgement. You may have a goal in mind and are unsure how to achieve it or are in an unfulfilling relationship and need some guidance. I work pluralistically which means that I tailor therapy to your needs, for example you may like to work creatively or you may like to use traditional talking therapy, if it is within my training remit I am happy to give it a try!
People come to counselling a for a wide range of issues ranging from trauma, PTSD to making a decision that is proving difficult to navigate or simply needing a space to talk without judgement. You may have a goal in mind and are unsure how to achieve it or are in an unfulfilling relationship and need some guidance. I work pluralistically which means that I tailor therapy to your needs, for example you may like to work creatively or you may like to use traditional talking therapy, if it is within my training remit I am happy to give it a try!
01757 602058 View 01757 602058
Photo of Alan Bee, Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
Alan Bee
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
Serves Area
I offer a calm, thoughtful space to help you make sense of what’s been happening and find a way forward that feels right for you. I am an EMDR Europe Accredited Practitioner and BABCP-accredited CBT therapist with extensive experience of working with a wide range of problems including anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, intrusive thoughts and low self-esteem. My work places a strong emphasis on EMDR and a range of CBT-based approaches . I work collaboratively and tailor therapy to you, whether difficulties are long-standing or more recent. I work online across the UK and in person in Devon.
I offer a calm, thoughtful space to help you make sense of what’s been happening and find a way forward that feels right for you. I am an EMDR Europe Accredited Practitioner and BABCP-accredited CBT therapist with extensive experience of working with a wide range of problems including anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, intrusive thoughts and low self-esteem. My work places a strong emphasis on EMDR and a range of CBT-based approaches . I work collaboratively and tailor therapy to you, whether difficulties are long-standing or more recent. I work online across the UK and in person in Devon.
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Photo of Rabina Khaliq - Rabina Khaliq, Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Rabina Khaliq
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Serves Area
I offer a Professional Counselling and Psychotherapy Service. If you are searching for a Therapist then it is likely that you are feeling some kind of emotional distress, dissatisfaction, emptiness or a lack of purpose. From time to time virtually everyone will experience life events that cause significant distress. These events maybe recent or may have occurred many years ago. Counselling and Psychotherapy are not only helpful for big traumatic life events but can also be beneficial when you are feeling ‘stuck’ or at a ‘cross roads’ point in your life. I work with individuals and offer couples therapy.
I offer a Professional Counselling and Psychotherapy Service. If you are searching for a Therapist then it is likely that you are feeling some kind of emotional distress, dissatisfaction, emptiness or a lack of purpose. From time to time virtually everyone will experience life events that cause significant distress. These events maybe recent or may have occurred many years ago. Counselling and Psychotherapy are not only helpful for big traumatic life events but can also be beneficial when you are feeling ‘stuck’ or at a ‘cross roads’ point in your life. I work with individuals and offer couples therapy.
0121 752 9068 View 0121 752 9068
Photo of Josie McMaster, Counsellor, MBACP
Josie McMaster
Counsellor, MBACP
Bingley BD16
I qualified as a person-centred counsellor over twenty years ago, training in the relational approach which places great emphasis on respect, empathy and genuineness. I have worked as a counsellor in educational settings, charities and corporate settings. Counselling helps us to understand ourselves and, with this insight, it becomes possible to address difficult and painful issues and find comfort within ourselves and our lives. Working together in regular 1-1 sessions will allow you to explore your difficulties and challenges and help you to get back to your true self, bringing more of a sense of wholeness and peace to your life.
I qualified as a person-centred counsellor over twenty years ago, training in the relational approach which places great emphasis on respect, empathy and genuineness. I have worked as a counsellor in educational settings, charities and corporate settings. Counselling helps us to understand ourselves and, with this insight, it becomes possible to address difficult and painful issues and find comfort within ourselves and our lives. Working together in regular 1-1 sessions will allow you to explore your difficulties and challenges and help you to get back to your true self, bringing more of a sense of wholeness and peace to your life.
01535 288330 View 01535 288330
Photo of Ian Malcolm Cartwright, Counsellor, MA, PNCPS Acc.
Ian Malcolm Cartwright
Counsellor, MA, PNCPS Acc.
York YO23
My mission is to empower people to live healthy, compassionate, balanced, and fulfilling lives through compassion focussed therapy. I am a qualified and experienced Compassion Focussed Therapy Therapist. specialising in burnout, loss & bereavement.
My mission is to empower people to live healthy, compassionate, balanced, and fulfilling lives through compassion focussed therapy. I am a qualified and experienced Compassion Focussed Therapy Therapist. specialising in burnout, loss & bereavement.
07794 377321 View 07794 377321
Photo of Penny Mathern, Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Penny Mathern
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
1 Endorsed
Leeds LS20
I offer couples and individual counselling. Initially I trained with Relate and extended my experience and training to individual work. My specialisms include relationship work, anxiety, stress, depression, bereavement and loss and inner child work. Counselling helps you to explore and understand the issues making life difficult for you. I do not advise but I do share knowledge. Our first session would be for you to tell me what you are finding difficult, for me to answer your questions about counselling and tell you more about what is involved. Most importantly it is for you to see if you feel comfortable talking with me.
I offer couples and individual counselling. Initially I trained with Relate and extended my experience and training to individual work. My specialisms include relationship work, anxiety, stress, depression, bereavement and loss and inner child work. Counselling helps you to explore and understand the issues making life difficult for you. I do not advise but I do share knowledge. Our first session would be for you to tell me what you are finding difficult, for me to answer your questions about counselling and tell you more about what is involved. Most importantly it is for you to see if you feel comfortable talking with me.
01943 661928 View 01943 661928
Photo of Hannah Mitchell - Hannah Mitchell | ADHD, Autism & Trauma Therapist, Psychotherapist, MA, MNCPS Acc.
Hannah Mitchell | ADHD, Autism & Trauma Therapist
Psychotherapist, MA, MNCPS Acc.
Serves Area
I understand that starting therapy can feel daunting, especially if you’ve ever felt misunderstood or dismissed in traditional settings, or unsure how to express yourself. Many neurodivergent clients find that previous therapy hasn’t fully understood their experience. That’s why I’m dedicated to creating a warm, safe, and accommodating space where you can feel understood and valued exactly as you are. I work with an integrative approach, placing you at the heart of therapy in a safe, judgment-free space. My approach is flexible and fluid, adapting to your unique needs and preferences.
I understand that starting therapy can feel daunting, especially if you’ve ever felt misunderstood or dismissed in traditional settings, or unsure how to express yourself. Many neurodivergent clients find that previous therapy hasn’t fully understood their experience. That’s why I’m dedicated to creating a warm, safe, and accommodating space where you can feel understood and valued exactly as you are. I work with an integrative approach, placing you at the heart of therapy in a safe, judgment-free space. My approach is flexible and fluid, adapting to your unique needs and preferences.
01773 301543 View 01773 301543

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Boroughbridge

< 10

Counsellors in Boroughbridge who prioritize treating:

100% Relationship Issues
100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Bereavement
100% Divorce
100% Stress
80% Eating Disorders

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% WPA
67% Bupa
67% Aviva

How Counsellors in Boroughbridge see their clients

80% In Person and Online
20% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
20% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Boroughbridge?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.