Counselling in Borehamwood

Photo of Alison Tureck - Alison Play Therapy, MA
Alison Play Therapy
Verified Verified
My name is Alison and I have 13 years experience of working with vulnerable children and their families. I provide Play Therapy for children, which allows them to use toys and creative materials to safely play out and express, explore and make sense of their thoughts, feelings and painful life experiences and cope better with the future. I'm a registered member of the British Association of Play Therapy and DBS checked. I cover the areas of Hertfordshire, North London, and surrounding areas. Please view my website for more information and testimonials; www.alisonplaytherapy.com
My name is Alison and I have 13 years experience of working with vulnerable children and their families. I provide Play Therapy for children, which allows them to use toys and creative materials to safely play out and express, explore and make sense of their thoughts, feelings and painful life experiences and cope better with the future. I'm a registered member of the British Association of Play Therapy and DBS checked. I cover the areas of Hertfordshire, North London, and surrounding areas. Please view my website for more information and testimonials; www.alisonplaytherapy.com
020 4538 6745 View 020 4538 6745
Photo of Dale Conlon - UK Addiction Treatment Centres (UKAT)
Why choose UKAT? 160 beds across the UK; treatment for all addictions, including process addictions, eating disorders, age 16-18 treatment and dual diagnosis. Ranging from luxurious en-suite rehabs with gyms and on-site medical units to affordable rehabs. Catering for people from all walks of life. All rehabs have 24/7 on-site addiction professionals, ensuring clients have the highest level of care offered in the country. UKAT always addresses the individual as a whole and will tailor treatment to the addiction and long-term recovery of the client. All UKAT centres have a family programme dedicated to helping family members.
Why choose UKAT? 160 beds across the UK; treatment for all addictions, including process addictions, eating disorders, age 16-18 treatment and dual diagnosis. Ranging from luxurious en-suite rehabs with gyms and on-site medical units to affordable rehabs. Catering for people from all walks of life. All rehabs have 24/7 on-site addiction professionals, ensuring clients have the highest level of care offered in the country. UKAT always addresses the individual as a whole and will tailor treatment to the addiction and long-term recovery of the client. All UKAT centres have a family programme dedicated to helping family members.
020 3872 2432 View 020 3872 2432
Photo of Rochelle Newington, Counsellor, MBACP
Rochelle Newington
Counsellor, MBACP
It may not be visible but you are suffering inside, and you have taken the first courageous step, seeking a therapist. Life may seem OK and up to now you have managed but something inside is stirring, and its hard to carry on as you have been. You have been judged, not heard and felt worthless or invisible, and you may feel anxious, angry, depressed, detached, frightened, vulnerable, low self worth, unmotivated and unable to trust your own judgement right now. I believe you have an innate ability to be more, and can support you to work through these feelings. Take the next brave step if you are ready and call for a consultation.
It may not be visible but you are suffering inside, and you have taken the first courageous step, seeking a therapist. Life may seem OK and up to now you have managed but something inside is stirring, and its hard to carry on as you have been. You have been judged, not heard and felt worthless or invisible, and you may feel anxious, angry, depressed, detached, frightened, vulnerable, low self worth, unmotivated and unable to trust your own judgement right now. I believe you have an innate ability to be more, and can support you to work through these feelings. Take the next brave step if you are ready and call for a consultation.
07480 739692 View 07480 739692
Photo of Victoria Penfold, Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Victoria Penfold
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
1 Endorsed
You might be feeling overwhelmed, stuck in patterns you don’t fully understand, or disconnected from yourself despite trying hard to cope. You may be living with anxiety, low mood, trauma, disordered eating, or low self-esteem, and looking for support that feels both safe and grounded. I’m Victoria Penfold, a Psychosynthesis therapist and BACP-registered practitioner. I offer a warm, honest, and compassionate space where you don’t have to perform or have everything figured out. We go at your pace, with all parts of you welcome — including those that feel hidden, unsure, or worn down.
You might be feeling overwhelmed, stuck in patterns you don’t fully understand, or disconnected from yourself despite trying hard to cope. You may be living with anxiety, low mood, trauma, disordered eating, or low self-esteem, and looking for support that feels both safe and grounded. I’m Victoria Penfold, a Psychosynthesis therapist and BACP-registered practitioner. I offer a warm, honest, and compassionate space where you don’t have to perform or have everything figured out. We go at your pace, with all parts of you welcome — including those that feel hidden, unsure, or worn down.
020 3835 6127 View 020 3835 6127
Photo of Jane Newman, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP Accred
Jane Newman
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP Accred
Not everybody has been fortunate enough to have been heard. To talk and feel they are being listened to. I would like to be able to give you this opportunity. In a safe, reliable and comfortable setting I will offer you a non-judgemental space in which to explore difficult feelings and share your thoughts. Life is often fast paced and I would like to offer you the opportunity to slow down a little.
Not everybody has been fortunate enough to have been heard. To talk and feel they are being listened to. I would like to be able to give you this opportunity. In a safe, reliable and comfortable setting I will offer you a non-judgemental space in which to explore difficult feelings and share your thoughts. Life is often fast paced and I would like to offer you the opportunity to slow down a little.
020 4538 7257 View 020 4538 7257
Photo of Dr Naomi Coleman, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Naomi Coleman
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Are you or your child recently diagnosed with autism or ADHD and struggling to work out what that means for your life moving forwards? Are you considering diagnosis and want a therapeutic space to explore? Do you find yourself lying awake at night with an overactive mind? With over 25 years experience in the NHS, charity and independent sector, I've witnessed the long waiting lists and lack of access to meaningful support and the distress this brings. I help people live their lives fully, joyfully and free from overwhelm whether that's working through mental health distress through to wellness or navigating neurodivergence.
Are you or your child recently diagnosed with autism or ADHD and struggling to work out what that means for your life moving forwards? Are you considering diagnosis and want a therapeutic space to explore? Do you find yourself lying awake at night with an overactive mind? With over 25 years experience in the NHS, charity and independent sector, I've witnessed the long waiting lists and lack of access to meaningful support and the distress this brings. I help people live their lives fully, joyfully and free from overwhelm whether that's working through mental health distress through to wellness or navigating neurodivergence.
020 4634 7441 View 020 4634 7441
Photo of Duncan Yates, Psychologist, MA, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Duncan Yates
Psychologist, MA, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Online Only
Duncan Yates is an internationally registered counselling psychologist (United Kingdom- HCPC and South Africa- HPCSA) with over 17 years of counselling experience. He provides evidence-based therapy with a warm, down-to-earth approach, supporting individuals through life transitions, trauma recovery, anxiety, neurodiversity, and burnout.
Duncan Yates is an internationally registered counselling psychologist (United Kingdom- HCPC and South Africa- HPCSA) with over 17 years of counselling experience. He provides evidence-based therapy with a warm, down-to-earth approach, supporting individuals through life transitions, trauma recovery, anxiety, neurodiversity, and burnout.
020 4634 7588 x44 View 020 4634 7588 x44
Photo of Rochelle Newington, Counsellor, MBACP
Rochelle Newington
Counsellor, MBACP
Taking that first step, seeking help with difficult feelings, thoughts or experiences takes courage and strength. Offering a non judgemental, compassionate and supportive space I commit to ensuring you have control of the pace and subject matter you bring, and to work with you to find new perspectives, build trust in your own judgement and a stronger sense of self. With experience in hospital, private residential units, charitable organisations and private clients, with adolescents, young adults and adults or varying genders, I work with long and short term clients.
Taking that first step, seeking help with difficult feelings, thoughts or experiences takes courage and strength. Offering a non judgemental, compassionate and supportive space I commit to ensuring you have control of the pace and subject matter you bring, and to work with you to find new perspectives, build trust in your own judgement and a stronger sense of self. With experience in hospital, private residential units, charitable organisations and private clients, with adolescents, young adults and adults or varying genders, I work with long and short term clients.
020 4538 0457 View 020 4538 0457
Photo of Trudy Loughlin, Counsellor, MBACP
Trudy Loughlin
Counsellor, MBACP
1 Endorsed
I am an integrative and relational psychotherapeutic counsellor. This means that I believe the relationship between my client and myself is the most important, and healing agent for change. Working in an integrative way means that I draw from a range of theories to best suit my clients. Therapy is not one size fits all, we are all unique and I work with this in mind. I offer a safe space, warmth and non judgement for clients to explore their concerns, while working collaboratively with them. I work holistically with clients and recognise the importance of including mind, body and spirit.
I am an integrative and relational psychotherapeutic counsellor. This means that I believe the relationship between my client and myself is the most important, and healing agent for change. Working in an integrative way means that I draw from a range of theories to best suit my clients. Therapy is not one size fits all, we are all unique and I work with this in mind. I offer a safe space, warmth and non judgement for clients to explore their concerns, while working collaboratively with them. I work holistically with clients and recognise the importance of including mind, body and spirit.
020 4538 2528 View 020 4538 2528
Photo of Donna Karpel, Counsellor, MBACP
Donna Karpel
Counsellor, MBACP
Hello and welcome to my profile. If you feel life's pressures and anxieties are proving too difficult for you to cope with, I am able to offer you a safe, non-judgmental space to help you unburden yourself, and express difficult and painful emotions. I like to go at the clients pace and totally respect their privacy. We will work together to explore the past experiences, current difficulties and future possibilities. I am truly passionate about my work, and believe by helping you feel heard and understood, and by helping you find a new perspective on things, together we can facilitate positive change and personal growth.
Hello and welcome to my profile. If you feel life's pressures and anxieties are proving too difficult for you to cope with, I am able to offer you a safe, non-judgmental space to help you unburden yourself, and express difficult and painful emotions. I like to go at the clients pace and totally respect their privacy. We will work together to explore the past experiences, current difficulties and future possibilities. I am truly passionate about my work, and believe by helping you feel heard and understood, and by helping you find a new perspective on things, together we can facilitate positive change and personal growth.
020 3910 6043 View 020 3910 6043
Photo of Simon Ziff, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Simon Ziff
Psychotherapist, MBACP
I am a qualified and experienced therapist. I specialise in helping my clients who are experiencing problems relating to addiction, alcohol dependency, anxiety, depression, relationship issues and childhood trauma and other addictions. I offer a warm and empathetic approach in a comfortable and intimate environment. Life can bring its struggles which, for many can lead to the above issues. The impact of our behaviour and anxiety often tips from being manageable to suddenly interfering with daily life, affecting you, your work and the people around you. If you can relate to any of these situations, then let me help.
I am a qualified and experienced therapist. I specialise in helping my clients who are experiencing problems relating to addiction, alcohol dependency, anxiety, depression, relationship issues and childhood trauma and other addictions. I offer a warm and empathetic approach in a comfortable and intimate environment. Life can bring its struggles which, for many can lead to the above issues. The impact of our behaviour and anxiety often tips from being manageable to suddenly interfering with daily life, affecting you, your work and the people around you. If you can relate to any of these situations, then let me help.
020 4572 4994 View 020 4572 4994
Photo of Tricia McNamee - Call Us to Schedule Your Free Therapy Session!, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP Accred
Call Us to Schedule Your Free Therapy Session!
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP Accred
Online Only
Are you someone navigating the challenges of ADHD and struggling with focus, impulsivity, feelings of overwhelm and frustration? Have you been dealing with the stress of managing daily tasks, work, or relationships and often feel misunderstood? Are you looking for guidance to better understand your ADHD, tools to manage it, and ways to boost your confidence and self-esteem? Do you want to create structure, improve your focus, and feel more in control of your life while embracing your strengths?
Are you someone navigating the challenges of ADHD and struggling with focus, impulsivity, feelings of overwhelm and frustration? Have you been dealing with the stress of managing daily tasks, work, or relationships and often feel misunderstood? Are you looking for guidance to better understand your ADHD, tools to manage it, and ways to boost your confidence and self-esteem? Do you want to create structure, improve your focus, and feel more in control of your life while embracing your strengths?
020 3772 7299 View 020 3772 7299
Photo of Karen Bland - Snakes and Ladders Therapy & Coaching, Psychotherapist, MNCPS Acc.
Snakes and Ladders Therapy & Coaching
Psychotherapist, MNCPS Acc.
Online Only
Hi, I’m Karen - a trauma-informed coach and therapist offering a gentle, creative space for young people (11+) and adults navigating anxiety, trauma, relationship struggles, and life transitions. Whether you're feeling stuck, overwhelmed, or unsure of your next step, I will meet you with warmth, respect, and curiosity. Together, we explore what’s holding you back and build confidence from the inside out - at your pace, in your way. You don’t have to do this alone.
Hi, I’m Karen - a trauma-informed coach and therapist offering a gentle, creative space for young people (11+) and adults navigating anxiety, trauma, relationship struggles, and life transitions. Whether you're feeling stuck, overwhelmed, or unsure of your next step, I will meet you with warmth, respect, and curiosity. Together, we explore what’s holding you back and build confidence from the inside out - at your pace, in your way. You don’t have to do this alone.
07480 486829 View 07480 486829
Photo of Adam Diamond, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Adam Diamond
Psychotherapist, MBACP
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
As a psychodynamic psychotherapist, I am here to help you navigate the complexities of your emotional life. My work is centred on helping you understand how past experiences, unconscious patterns, and relationships shape your current reality. By bringing these influences to light, we can work together to create new, healthier ways of engaging with the world around you. I offer a calm, confidential space where you can explore your inner world at your own pace. Therapy is an opportunity to gain deeper insight into yourself, and while this can feel challenging, it can also be profoundly rewarding.
As a psychodynamic psychotherapist, I am here to help you navigate the complexities of your emotional life. My work is centred on helping you understand how past experiences, unconscious patterns, and relationships shape your current reality. By bringing these influences to light, we can work together to create new, healthier ways of engaging with the world around you. I offer a calm, confidential space where you can explore your inner world at your own pace. Therapy is an opportunity to gain deeper insight into yourself, and while this can feel challenging, it can also be profoundly rewarding.
020 7123 9501 View 020 7123 9501
Photo of Shoshana Rose Stern, Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
Shoshana Rose Stern
Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
Serves Area
Hi, I am Shoshana. I am an Art Psychotherapist. Whether you are struggling to cope with current events or longer term unresolved feelings, I can help you explore the meaning of these emotions and how to process through them to become healthier and happier in yourself. By using art in the therapy, we can explore deep rooted causes for why we feel the way we do. Art helps us reach our unconscious voice that wants to be heard. Through developing a relationship in a safe and confidential space, I will help you explore what it is that you need to process.
Hi, I am Shoshana. I am an Art Psychotherapist. Whether you are struggling to cope with current events or longer term unresolved feelings, I can help you explore the meaning of these emotions and how to process through them to become healthier and happier in yourself. By using art in the therapy, we can explore deep rooted causes for why we feel the way we do. Art helps us reach our unconscious voice that wants to be heard. Through developing a relationship in a safe and confidential space, I will help you explore what it is that you need to process.
020 3947 8942 View 020 3947 8942
Photo of Michael Feldman, Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Michael Feldman
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Serves Area
I am a very experienced counsellor working with a wide range of clients presenting with a broad spectrum of issues. I work with both individuals and couples and have a particular interest in working with relationships, depression and anxiety. I also specialise in working with porn and sex addiction. I have additional training in IAPT Counselling for Depression as well as a Level 5 Diploma in Sex Addiction Counselling.
I am a very experienced counsellor working with a wide range of clients presenting with a broad spectrum of issues. I work with both individuals and couples and have a particular interest in working with relationships, depression and anxiety. I also specialise in working with porn and sex addiction. I have additional training in IAPT Counselling for Depression as well as a Level 5 Diploma in Sex Addiction Counselling.
01727 227293 View 01727 227293
Photo of Jordana Brayam, Counsellor, MBACP
Jordana Brayam
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
I am an integrative psychotherapist/counsellor, meaning I have been trained to use a variety of approaches to be able to work fluidly with you and whatever issue has led you to seek therapy. Part of human experience is to encounter challenges in many different guises. Sometimes these challenges upset our inner equilibrium and that can feel very difficult and overwhelming to cope with. Maybe you have been coping with something for a long time? Perhaps you are looking for support beyond family and friends? My strength is in my ability to create a warm, supportive space in which you can talk without fear of being dismissed or judged.
I am an integrative psychotherapist/counsellor, meaning I have been trained to use a variety of approaches to be able to work fluidly with you and whatever issue has led you to seek therapy. Part of human experience is to encounter challenges in many different guises. Sometimes these challenges upset our inner equilibrium and that can feel very difficult and overwhelming to cope with. Maybe you have been coping with something for a long time? Perhaps you are looking for support beyond family and friends? My strength is in my ability to create a warm, supportive space in which you can talk without fear of being dismissed or judged.
020 3805 2493 View 020 3805 2493
Photo of Dr Annie McHugh, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Annie McHugh
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Not accepting new clients
Hello, I am a Senior Clinical Psychologist with over 13 years of experience specialising in working with adults, children, young people and their families. I help people to make sense of any challenges they are facing and support people experiencing a wide range of difficulties including anxiety, low mood, worries and fears, difficulties with behaviour and relationships, coping with life events and sleep problems. I offer an integrative approach informed by evidence-based therapies such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT), Narrative therapy, the Solihull Approach and Systemic approaches.
Hello, I am a Senior Clinical Psychologist with over 13 years of experience specialising in working with adults, children, young people and their families. I help people to make sense of any challenges they are facing and support people experiencing a wide range of difficulties including anxiety, low mood, worries and fears, difficulties with behaviour and relationships, coping with life events and sleep problems. I offer an integrative approach informed by evidence-based therapies such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT), Narrative therapy, the Solihull Approach and Systemic approaches.
020 3984 7745 View 020 3984 7745
Photo of Charlotte Stone, Counsellor, MBACP
Charlotte Stone
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
Dealing with difficult emotions can feel overwhelming and scary. Are you feeling anxious or stressed, or feel like you are trapped in a situation that you see no way out from? Whether it's your relationships, feelings about yourself or the world around you, seeking counselling can be the first steps to empowering yourself to make positive changes in your life. With the world feeling so precarious right now, and our lives being turned upside down, it can feel like the control you once had has now been taken away. Traumatic, upsetting experiences can all lead to adverse mental health.
Dealing with difficult emotions can feel overwhelming and scary. Are you feeling anxious or stressed, or feel like you are trapped in a situation that you see no way out from? Whether it's your relationships, feelings about yourself or the world around you, seeking counselling can be the first steps to empowering yourself to make positive changes in your life. With the world feeling so precarious right now, and our lives being turned upside down, it can feel like the control you once had has now been taken away. Traumatic, upsetting experiences can all lead to adverse mental health.
01923 750863 View 01923 750863
Photo of John Bassett, Psychotherapist, MBACP
John Bassett
Psychotherapist, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Clients are looking to unpick areas of their lives that have proved too difficult for them to tackle alone. It may be more tangible life events: a bereavement, the end of a relationship, job loss etc. or that the client has found themselves 'stuck' in a place they feel unable to work through with any clarity of thought.
Clients are looking to unpick areas of their lives that have proved too difficult for them to tackle alone. It may be more tangible life events: a bereavement, the end of a relationship, job loss etc. or that the client has found themselves 'stuck' in a place they feel unable to work through with any clarity of thought.
07480 537091 View 07480 537091

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Borehamwood

30+

Average cost per session

£85

Counsellors in Borehamwood who prioritize treating:

91% Depression
91% Anxiety
91% Self Esteem
80% Stress
77% Relationship Issues
77% Trauma and PTSD
69% Bereavement

Average years in practice

16 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

80% Bupa
67% Vitality
60% AXA PPP

How Counsellors in Borehamwood see their clients

86% In Person and Online
14% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
25% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Borehamwood?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.