Counselling in Bolton

Photo of Andreia Fortes, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Andreia Fortes
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Bolton BL3
Reaching out can be difficult. Maybe you feel stuck, anxious, unsettled, lost your way, or uncomfortable with whom you have become. The difficulties within our lives can change who we are or how we see the world. It can lead to thoughts or behaviours that take us away from who we are, resulting in a feeling of something not being right, struggling to cope or to make sense of things. When entering therapy, our life experiences enter too, and healing occurs within the processing. We will work together to build trust and explore your emotions and thoughts within a non-judgemental and safe environment, working at your own pace.
Reaching out can be difficult. Maybe you feel stuck, anxious, unsettled, lost your way, or uncomfortable with whom you have become. The difficulties within our lives can change who we are or how we see the world. It can lead to thoughts or behaviours that take us away from who we are, resulting in a feeling of something not being right, struggling to cope or to make sense of things. When entering therapy, our life experiences enter too, and healing occurs within the processing. We will work together to build trust and explore your emotions and thoughts within a non-judgemental and safe environment, working at your own pace.
01204 584810 View 01204 584810
Photo of Esme Jane Mather - Therapy with Esme Jane, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Therapy with Esme Jane
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Bolton BL4
Are you feeling overwhelmed, low… anxious? I work with people who feel that things are getting a bit too much and want to get their lives back on track, their confidence back and their emotions understood and processed to move forward. I work in an informal, collaborative and non-judgemental way to help you feel comfortable and move at your own pace. I adapt my approach to your individual needs to help you explore thoughts and feelings safely and comfortably to improve wellbeing. I work with with Anxiety, Low mood, Grief, Bereavement, Low Self-esteem, Stress/ Work Related Stress, Relationship issues, Motivation and change.
Are you feeling overwhelmed, low… anxious? I work with people who feel that things are getting a bit too much and want to get their lives back on track, their confidence back and their emotions understood and processed to move forward. I work in an informal, collaborative and non-judgemental way to help you feel comfortable and move at your own pace. I adapt my approach to your individual needs to help you explore thoughts and feelings safely and comfortably to improve wellbeing. I work with with Anxiety, Low mood, Grief, Bereavement, Low Self-esteem, Stress/ Work Related Stress, Relationship issues, Motivation and change.
01204 961245 View 01204 961245
Photo of Amanda Ridyard, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP Accred
Amanda Ridyard
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP Accred
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
I think sometimes we just reach that place in life when we say 'enough is enough'. For some it can mean it is time to stop and face something, and to someone else it can mean it is maybe time to 'let it go'. There's no end to the potential meanings for reaching 'that point'. i think we've all been there at some stage or another. Does this sound familiar ? That's okay, i totally understand where you're coming from. What is important is acknowledging that you have had the energy and motivation to seek someone to support you through this - it takes courage and strength to take this step. Well done!
I think sometimes we just reach that place in life when we say 'enough is enough'. For some it can mean it is time to stop and face something, and to someone else it can mean it is maybe time to 'let it go'. There's no end to the potential meanings for reaching 'that point'. i think we've all been there at some stage or another. Does this sound familiar ? That's okay, i totally understand where you're coming from. What is important is acknowledging that you have had the energy and motivation to seek someone to support you through this - it takes courage and strength to take this step. Well done!
01204 589966 View 01204 589966
Photo of Tash Wild - Prism Therapy UK, Counsellor, MSc
Prism Therapy UK
Counsellor, MSc
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Offering support to those who feel squeezed out of traditional spaces or have fallen through the cracks in the system. It's time to reclaim your life. I specialise in working with: LGBTQIA+ adults, neurodivergent adults, eating disorders, supporters/families of above. You may want to come to me to talk about struggles around sexuality, gender or relationships or you may want to talk to me about something else safe in the knowledge that I’m not going to try to pin your struggles down to an aspect of your identity that you’re perfectly comfortable with (as many people have reported with non-queer therapists).
Offering support to those who feel squeezed out of traditional spaces or have fallen through the cracks in the system. It's time to reclaim your life. I specialise in working with: LGBTQIA+ adults, neurodivergent adults, eating disorders, supporters/families of above. You may want to come to me to talk about struggles around sexuality, gender or relationships or you may want to talk to me about something else safe in the knowledge that I’m not going to try to pin your struggles down to an aspect of your identity that you’re perfectly comfortable with (as many people have reported with non-queer therapists).
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Photo of Mia Hourigan, Counsellor, MBACP
Mia Hourigan
Counsellor, MBACP
Bolton BL2
My name is Mia I am the founder of MH Counselling, a space where you don’t have to carry everything on your own. Reaching out for support can feel hard, especially when life already feels heavy, but it can also be the first step toward understanding yourself more deeply and creating positive, lasting change. Together, we will work to understand what’s been happening for you, helping you make sense of your experiences so you can reconnect with your strengths and feel more grounded, capable, and in control, whatever challenges you’ve been facing. Offering remote counselling sessions/ In person offered Bolton, Radcliffe, Prestwich.
My name is Mia I am the founder of MH Counselling, a space where you don’t have to carry everything on your own. Reaching out for support can feel hard, especially when life already feels heavy, but it can also be the first step toward understanding yourself more deeply and creating positive, lasting change. Together, we will work to understand what’s been happening for you, helping you make sense of your experiences so you can reconnect with your strengths and feel more grounded, capable, and in control, whatever challenges you’ve been facing. Offering remote counselling sessions/ In person offered Bolton, Radcliffe, Prestwich.
07472 514830 View 07472 514830
Photo of Nicole Cook, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Nicole Cook
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I am an experienced, compassionate and qualified integrative counsellor with experience working with individuals of different ages, genders and ethnicities. I offer a safe, non-judgemental and confidential space for you to talk about your issues I. I can help you explore your thoughts, feelings and behaviours so you can develop a better understanding of yourself and of others. As an integrative practitioner, I draw on different approaches and techniques that suit the person you are and the issues that you present with. I am a qualified person-centred counsellor and use solution focused therapy.
I am an experienced, compassionate and qualified integrative counsellor with experience working with individuals of different ages, genders and ethnicities. I offer a safe, non-judgemental and confidential space for you to talk about your issues I. I can help you explore your thoughts, feelings and behaviours so you can develop a better understanding of yourself and of others. As an integrative practitioner, I draw on different approaches and techniques that suit the person you are and the issues that you present with. I am a qualified person-centred counsellor and use solution focused therapy.
01453 701681 View 01453 701681
Photo of Anita Carroll Carroll - Becoming You Counselling , Counsellor, DCounsPsych, BACP
Becoming You Counselling
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, BACP
1 Endorsed
Online Only
You may look like you’re coping on the outside while feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or quietly struggling inside. Perhaps you’re facing a life transition, questioning old patterns, or carrying something you’ve kept to yourself for a long time. My ideal client wants to understand themselves better — not to be fixed, but to feel more at ease, authentic, and in control. You don’t need clear goals; a willingness to explore at your own pace is enough. I often work with anxiety, low mood, addiction or unhealthy coping strategies, menopause-related changes, neurodiversity, and relationship difficulties. I offer a calm, non-judgemental space.
You may look like you’re coping on the outside while feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or quietly struggling inside. Perhaps you’re facing a life transition, questioning old patterns, or carrying something you’ve kept to yourself for a long time. My ideal client wants to understand themselves better — not to be fixed, but to feel more at ease, authentic, and in control. You don’t need clear goals; a willingness to explore at your own pace is enough. I often work with anxiety, low mood, addiction or unhealthy coping strategies, menopause-related changes, neurodiversity, and relationship difficulties. I offer a calm, non-judgemental space.
01942 946102 View 01942 946102
Photo of Dr Samantha Fox, Psychotherapist, PhD, MBACP
Dr Samantha Fox
Psychotherapist, PhD, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Bolton BL7
I provide a safe, supported space for clients to talk through whatever it is that has given rise to the thought: 'I could do with someone to help me out here'. Every person is unique, every individual brings their own story but the feeling that the problem is just too big to make any sense of is not so unusual. Often a client comes expressing feelings of aloneness and confusion as they try to find some order. It is not unusual for a client's first words to be: 'I don't know where to start'. Building trust in the therapy relationship is essential from the start and acceptance of the whole person is at the heart.
I provide a safe, supported space for clients to talk through whatever it is that has given rise to the thought: 'I could do with someone to help me out here'. Every person is unique, every individual brings their own story but the feeling that the problem is just too big to make any sense of is not so unusual. Often a client comes expressing feelings of aloneness and confusion as they try to find some order. It is not unusual for a client's first words to be: 'I don't know where to start'. Building trust in the therapy relationship is essential from the start and acceptance of the whole person is at the heart.
020 4572 5121 View 020 4572 5121
Photo of Rebecca Morris, Counsellor, MBACP
Rebecca Morris
Counsellor, MBACP
Online Only
Hello there, I’m Becky a qualified Person-Centred counsellor. I qualified nearly 2 years ago and have been continuing to volunteer where I did my placement, seeing a wide variety of clients with issues such as anxiety, PTSD, grief and other life challenges.
Hello there, I’m Becky a qualified Person-Centred counsellor. I qualified nearly 2 years ago and have been continuing to volunteer where I did my placement, seeing a wide variety of clients with issues such as anxiety, PTSD, grief and other life challenges.
01204 958013 View 01204 958013
Photo of Alison Downs - Your Time Counselling/Alison Downs , Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Your Time Counselling/Alison Downs
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Bolton BL1
I’m Alison, a qualified person‑centred counsellor registered with the BACP. I bring over 20 years of experience supporting older people, adults, young people, children, and families across local authorities and the voluntary sector. Your Time Counselling Services brings together everything I’ve learned professionally and personally to offer therapy and a range of support services tailored to each individual. My approach is warm, collaborative, and grounded in the belief that you are the expert in your own life. I hold an up‑to‑date Enhanced DBS check a current first aid certificate, I am trained in safeguarding.
I’m Alison, a qualified person‑centred counsellor registered with the BACP. I bring over 20 years of experience supporting older people, adults, young people, children, and families across local authorities and the voluntary sector. Your Time Counselling Services brings together everything I’ve learned professionally and personally to offer therapy and a range of support services tailored to each individual. My approach is warm, collaborative, and grounded in the belief that you are the expert in your own life. I hold an up‑to‑date Enhanced DBS check a current first aid certificate, I am trained in safeguarding.
01453 709236 View 01453 709236
Photo of Lauren Gordon - Power Therapy UK, Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Power Therapy UK
Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Online Only
Hi, I’m Lauren, a qualified therapist providing a safe, supportive space to explore your thoughts and emotions. My own experience as a client shaped my deep understanding of therapy’s challenges and transformations. Finding the right counsellor can feel overwhelming, but if you're reading this, you're already one step closer to beginning your counselling journey. I offer a free 15-minute consultation because I encourage you to explore your options and find the best fit—after all, therapy is an investment in yourself, and it should feel right for you.
Hi, I’m Lauren, a qualified therapist providing a safe, supportive space to explore your thoughts and emotions. My own experience as a client shaped my deep understanding of therapy’s challenges and transformations. Finding the right counsellor can feel overwhelming, but if you're reading this, you're already one step closer to beginning your counselling journey. I offer a free 15-minute consultation because I encourage you to explore your options and find the best fit—after all, therapy is an investment in yourself, and it should feel right for you.
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Photo of Lorraine Jervis, Counsellor, PsychD, MBACP
Lorraine Jervis
Counsellor, PsychD, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Bolton BL1
We all experience challenges in life but sometimes these can become overwhelming and we feel unable to work through them alone. Often people don't feel able to, or don't want to discuss their concerns with friends or family as they are afraid to upset or burden them. It is my role to listen to you - I choose to do that.
We all experience challenges in life but sometimes these can become overwhelming and we feel unable to work through them alone. Often people don't feel able to, or don't want to discuss their concerns with friends or family as they are afraid to upset or burden them. It is my role to listen to you - I choose to do that.
01204 238590 View 01204 238590
Photo of Jane Middlebrook, Counsellor, MA
Jane Middlebrook
Counsellor, MA
Bolton BL1
I help people with stressful situations, difficult emotions and long standing stuck patterns to experience greater FREEDOM in their lives. What does freedom mean to you? Maybe it is more financial freedom, freedom from chronic pain, emotional freedom, getting out of a situation that is not helpful to you, or clarifying and working towards goals for the future. Of course it if was that easy you would have done it already. My work helps you understand the roots of your issue in innovative, enlightening and grounded ways, showing you exactly where you stand right now, and giving you practical tools to take steps towards freedom.
I help people with stressful situations, difficult emotions and long standing stuck patterns to experience greater FREEDOM in their lives. What does freedom mean to you? Maybe it is more financial freedom, freedom from chronic pain, emotional freedom, getting out of a situation that is not helpful to you, or clarifying and working towards goals for the future. Of course it if was that easy you would have done it already. My work helps you understand the roots of your issue in innovative, enlightening and grounded ways, showing you exactly where you stand right now, and giving you practical tools to take steps towards freedom.
01453 702395 View 01453 702395
Photo of Rehmia Nawaz - Inner Strength Therapy , Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Inner Strength Therapy
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Bolton BL3
I am a CBT and EMDR psychotherapist, offering a compassionate, structured and culturally sensitive space to explore challenges and work towards meaningful personal change. My approach is integrative, drawing on evidence‑based methods while tailoring the work to each person’s needs, pace and lived experience. I have supported clients with a wide range of difficulties, including anxiety, depression, complex and diverse trauma, OCD, relationship and attachment issues, panic disorder, generalised anxiety, identity concerns, self‑esteem, parenting and family challenges, workplace stress and bullying, and life transitions.
I am a CBT and EMDR psychotherapist, offering a compassionate, structured and culturally sensitive space to explore challenges and work towards meaningful personal change. My approach is integrative, drawing on evidence‑based methods while tailoring the work to each person’s needs, pace and lived experience. I have supported clients with a wide range of difficulties, including anxiety, depression, complex and diverse trauma, OCD, relationship and attachment issues, panic disorder, generalised anxiety, identity concerns, self‑esteem, parenting and family challenges, workplace stress and bullying, and life transitions.
01204 961926 View 01204 961926
Photo of Clare Ann Cordingley - New Tide Counselling , Counsellor, MBACP
New Tide Counselling
Counsellor, MBACP
Bolton BL1
Hello and welcome, My name is Clare, a Counsellor with the BACP. I am a supportive and empathetic individual and believe in a safe, confidential environment for clients to offload and explore their problems/feelings.
Hello and welcome, My name is Clare, a Counsellor with the BACP. I am a supportive and empathetic individual and believe in a safe, confidential environment for clients to offload and explore their problems/feelings.
01706 577571 View 01706 577571
Photo of Helen Hyland, Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Helen Hyland
Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
1 Endorsed
Bolton BL1
I am an accredited Integrative therapist and clinical supervisor supporting children, adolescents & adults, either face to face, by telephone, online or home visits. Are you or your child finding it difficult to cope or manage with everyday situations and find life a struggle. Many of us can feel overwhelmed and unsure of how to deal with these thoughts, feelings and our behaviour. You may be feeling anxious or low about life in general. There may be physical health symptoms that are causing you concern. I would like to help and support you through this difficult time.
I am an accredited Integrative therapist and clinical supervisor supporting children, adolescents & adults, either face to face, by telephone, online or home visits. Are you or your child finding it difficult to cope or manage with everyday situations and find life a struggle. Many of us can feel overwhelmed and unsure of how to deal with these thoughts, feelings and our behaviour. You may be feeling anxious or low about life in general. There may be physical health symptoms that are causing you concern. I would like to help and support you through this difficult time.
01204 803181 View 01204 803181
Photo of Carla Edge, Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP Accred
Carla Edge
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP Accred
Bolton BL1
I am a down-to-earth counsellor, psychotherapist and hypnotherapist. I work with these therapies individually and also integrate them to suit your situation. You will be warmly welcomed and sincerely heard. You may want a life where it is easier to deal with painful events from your past or where you can cope with the difficulties of day-to-day life more effectively. Or perhaps, feel less daunted by the future. I can help you move forwards and feel happier.
I am a down-to-earth counsellor, psychotherapist and hypnotherapist. I work with these therapies individually and also integrate them to suit your situation. You will be warmly welcomed and sincerely heard. You may want a life where it is easier to deal with painful events from your past or where you can cope with the difficulties of day-to-day life more effectively. Or perhaps, feel less daunted by the future. I can help you move forwards and feel happier.
01204 238753 View 01204 238753
Photo of Zoe Marie Blakey - Hope Talk Therapy, Counsellor, MBACP
Hope Talk Therapy
Counsellor, MBACP
Bolton BL1
Thank you for taking the time to look at my profile especially during these difficult times. Thinking about therapy sessions is a huge decision, one that you could have been thinking of for quite some time, If you feel the time is now right for you to consider therapy then please don’t hesitate to get in touch. I offer a safe space to explore feelings, emotions and look at ways of working together within a therapeutic relationship. I offer discounted sessions to anyone aged 16/17, Blue light card holders & cancer warriors. Many thanks. Zoe
Thank you for taking the time to look at my profile especially during these difficult times. Thinking about therapy sessions is a huge decision, one that you could have been thinking of for quite some time, If you feel the time is now right for you to consider therapy then please don’t hesitate to get in touch. I offer a safe space to explore feelings, emotions and look at ways of working together within a therapeutic relationship. I offer discounted sessions to anyone aged 16/17, Blue light card holders & cancer warriors. Many thanks. Zoe
0113 519 7216 View 0113 519 7216
Photo of Julie O'Keeffe, Counsellor, MA, BACP
Julie O'Keeffe
Counsellor, MA, BACP
1 Endorsed
Bolton BL6
Hi I’m Julie I’m a qualified Integrative Counsellor and Supervisor, I have a passion for understanding and empowering individuals on their journey towards mental well-being. My therapeutic approach is rooted in empathy, evidence-based practices, and a genuine commitment to fostering positive change. I integrate a blend of person centred, cognitive-behavioural approaches to tailor therapy to your individual unique needs. I prioritize creating a warm, supportive, non judgmental environment where you can feel heard and understood.
Hi I’m Julie I’m a qualified Integrative Counsellor and Supervisor, I have a passion for understanding and empowering individuals on their journey towards mental well-being. My therapeutic approach is rooted in empathy, evidence-based practices, and a genuine commitment to fostering positive change. I integrate a blend of person centred, cognitive-behavioural approaches to tailor therapy to your individual unique needs. I prioritize creating a warm, supportive, non judgmental environment where you can feel heard and understood.
01204 952897 View 01204 952897
Photo of Kay Duffield, Counsellor, MBACP
Kay Duffield
Counsellor, MBACP
Bolton BL6
My practice offers support to anyone experiencing discomfort or distress from mental health issues. You may want to consider therapy if you have had a recent neurodiversity diagnosis and you are wanting to talk through what this means to you, If you have experienced trauma you may well be feeling "stuck". We can look at this, consider the past, triggers, feelings and emotions and work together towards a future without distress. I also offer counselling to people with addiction, in particular, alcohol use. I am a friend of LGBTQA+ community. Feel free to get in touch any way that suits you best, I will get back to you quickly.
My practice offers support to anyone experiencing discomfort or distress from mental health issues. You may want to consider therapy if you have had a recent neurodiversity diagnosis and you are wanting to talk through what this means to you, If you have experienced trauma you may well be feeling "stuck". We can look at this, consider the past, triggers, feelings and emotions and work together towards a future without distress. I also offer counselling to people with addiction, in particular, alcohol use. I am a friend of LGBTQA+ community. Feel free to get in touch any way that suits you best, I will get back to you quickly.
01204 329197 View 01204 329197

See more therapy options for Bolton

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Bolton

90+

Average cost per session

£60

Counsellors in Bolton who prioritize treating:

87% Anxiety
85% Depression
83% Self Esteem
81% Stress
74% Relationship Issues
74% Bereavement
68% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

56% WPA
52% Bupa
52% Aviva

How Counsellors in Bolton see their clients

77% In Person and Online
23% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
17% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Bolton?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.