Counselling in Swansea

Photo of Karen Ford, Counsellor in Swansea, Wales
Karen Ford
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Swansea SA2
Hi my name is Karen, I am an experienced Integrative Counsellor and accredited member of the British Association of Counselling and Psychotherapy (MBACP Accred). I have over 16 years of counselling experience working with a wide range of issues including loss and bereavement, anxiety/stress, depression, relationships, abuse and trauma. Life can bring a variety of challenges which can sometimes leave us feeling confused, defeated and lost. My aim is to provide a safe, confidential space where I can support you with whatever difficulties and challenges you might be facing and find more positive ways of managing these.
Hi my name is Karen, I am an experienced Integrative Counsellor and accredited member of the British Association of Counselling and Psychotherapy (MBACP Accred). I have over 16 years of counselling experience working with a wide range of issues including loss and bereavement, anxiety/stress, depression, relationships, abuse and trauma. Life can bring a variety of challenges which can sometimes leave us feeling confused, defeated and lost. My aim is to provide a safe, confidential space where I can support you with whatever difficulties and challenges you might be facing and find more positive ways of managing these.
01792 949306 View 01792 949306
Photo of Tammy Allen, Counsellor in Swansea, Wales
Tammy Allen
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Swansea SA9
Hi I'm Tam. Firstly, I would like to say well done on finding the courage, and starting the process in searching and asking for help, this can at times be the most difficult part. The foundations of my work are built on the Person-Centred Approach and I aim to work and walk alongside you as we explore your problems, distresses or difficult situations you are experiencing. We will work together, to gain a better understanding of the difficulties that can present themselves regarding trauma and loss, self-identity, low self-esteem, anxiety, and making sense of the purpose of life ahead.
Hi I'm Tam. Firstly, I would like to say well done on finding the courage, and starting the process in searching and asking for help, this can at times be the most difficult part. The foundations of my work are built on the Person-Centred Approach and I aim to work and walk alongside you as we explore your problems, distresses or difficult situations you are experiencing. We will work together, to gain a better understanding of the difficulties that can present themselves regarding trauma and loss, self-identity, low self-esteem, anxiety, and making sense of the purpose of life ahead.
01639 505117 View 01639 505117
Photo of Sally Jenkins, Counsellor in Swansea, Wales
Sally Jenkins
Counsellor, BACP
Verified Verified
Swansea SA2
It is ok to need help and support sometimes, I provide a warm and confidential space where clients can talk openly and freely, without judgment. As an integrative therapist I have many different models of working to suit each client as I believe that all of us are unique. I can help you learn about yourself and the relationships around you, seeing a different perspective is often very powerful. I believe in empowering my clients with the tools they need for change and moving forward. I am positive and nurturing, I use humour and occasional challenging to build a trusting relationship where clients can explore their thoughts
It is ok to need help and support sometimes, I provide a warm and confidential space where clients can talk openly and freely, without judgment. As an integrative therapist I have many different models of working to suit each client as I believe that all of us are unique. I can help you learn about yourself and the relationships around you, seeing a different perspective is often very powerful. I believe in empowering my clients with the tools they need for change and moving forward. I am positive and nurturing, I use humour and occasional challenging to build a trusting relationship where clients can explore their thoughts
01792 989360 View 01792 989360
Photo of Stuart Griffin, Psychotherapist in Swansea, Wales
Stuart Griffin
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Swansea SA2
Hello. I offer a safe and compassionate transitional relationship, supporting you to find more self-compassion and develop healthy relationships. The relationship that we create together can help you to understand how unhelpful (although originally useful) patterns of relating to ourselves and others endure in the present. This unique relationship can offer a world of possibilities for different ways of being in the world. Informed by up-to date neuroscience, I offer a safe relationship to empower you to manage enduring symptoms of past trauma.
Hello. I offer a safe and compassionate transitional relationship, supporting you to find more self-compassion and develop healthy relationships. The relationship that we create together can help you to understand how unhelpful (although originally useful) patterns of relating to ourselves and others endure in the present. This unique relationship can offer a world of possibilities for different ways of being in the world. Informed by up-to date neuroscience, I offer a safe relationship to empower you to manage enduring symptoms of past trauma.
01792 342448 View 01792 342448
Photo of C and F Counselling, Counsellor in Swansea, Wales
C and F Counselling
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Swansea SA1
My aims as a counsellor are ​- To provide a fully confidential Service ​- To provide a safe and secure environment for my clients ​- I pride myself on being professional and non-judgemental in all aspects of my practice ​- Each session will be individual to my clients and their needs. I do not believe that 'one size fits all' and we will work together to identify the most appropriate treatment plan.
My aims as a counsellor are ​- To provide a fully confidential Service ​- To provide a safe and secure environment for my clients ​- I pride myself on being professional and non-judgemental in all aspects of my practice ​- Each session will be individual to my clients and their needs. I do not believe that 'one size fits all' and we will work together to identify the most appropriate treatment plan.
01792 966425 View 01792 966425
Photo of Timothy Dellard in Swansea, Wales
Timothy Dellard
Verified Verified
Swansea SA6
I am a Transactional Analysis Counsellor and offer online and face to face counselling for those presenting with issues such as relationship difficulties, bereavement and loss, anxiety, sexual difficulties, stress, anger management and loneliness. You may be feeling in a difficult place, perhaps unable to find the words to describe and understand your experience. Sometimes this can feel very lonely and isolating, and in this place we may feel that no one can relate to us and no one understands.
I am a Transactional Analysis Counsellor and offer online and face to face counselling for those presenting with issues such as relationship difficulties, bereavement and loss, anxiety, sexual difficulties, stress, anger management and loneliness. You may be feeling in a difficult place, perhaps unable to find the words to describe and understand your experience. Sometimes this can feel very lonely and isolating, and in this place we may feel that no one can relate to us and no one understands.
01792 949273 View 01792 949273
Photo of Bob Mattingly, Counsellor in Swansea, Wales
Bob Mattingly
Counsellor, MSc, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Swansea SA3
Sometimes in life we get stuck in patterns which, though once useful ways of being and relating, have now outgrown their usefulness to us, perhaps beginning to get in our way even. Psychotherapy can offer both the space to express, grasp and understand these patterns and then the support and challenge to grow in ways which seem right for you. I draw on a range of sources to bring my curiosity to meet you as a whole person. I am interested in your thoughts, your feelings, your actions and what may be going on in your body as well as what may emerge in the here and now of our relationship.
Sometimes in life we get stuck in patterns which, though once useful ways of being and relating, have now outgrown their usefulness to us, perhaps beginning to get in our way even. Psychotherapy can offer both the space to express, grasp and understand these patterns and then the support and challenge to grow in ways which seem right for you. I draw on a range of sources to bring my curiosity to meet you as a whole person. I am interested in your thoughts, your feelings, your actions and what may be going on in your body as well as what may emerge in the here and now of our relationship.
01962 571848 View 01962 571848
Photo of Masoumeh Minou, Psychotherapist in Swansea, Wales
Masoumeh Minou
Psychotherapist, PhD, MBACP
Verified Verified
Swansea SA2
Hi, my name is Dr Mas Minou and I'm a Behavioural Psychologist, Coach & Psychotherapist, MBACP. Our relationship with ourselves or with others, our health, financial situation, career, family, fitness can all get complicated. Within a safe and confidential space I offer effective and practical approaches to help you reach your desired outcomes. I apply relational approaches combined with psychologically-informed behaviour change techniques to help you work through any psychological problems you might be experiencing. Whether you are seeking change or want to leave behind shame, old hurt or work through your grief, I can help.
Hi, my name is Dr Mas Minou and I'm a Behavioural Psychologist, Coach & Psychotherapist, MBACP. Our relationship with ourselves or with others, our health, financial situation, career, family, fitness can all get complicated. Within a safe and confidential space I offer effective and practical approaches to help you reach your desired outcomes. I apply relational approaches combined with psychologically-informed behaviour change techniques to help you work through any psychological problems you might be experiencing. Whether you are seeking change or want to leave behind shame, old hurt or work through your grief, I can help.
01792 940896 View 01792 940896
Photo of Hayleigh Isaac, Counsellor in Swansea, Wales
Hayleigh Isaac
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Swansea SA2
Do you sometimes feel alone, with no one to lean on for support? Do you feel overwhelmed by difficult or challenging life events and want help to feel like yourself again? Within a counselling session, I can support you as you explore and understand your situation, identify helpful techniques or coping strategies, and set and work towards personal goals. I provide support for a wide range of physical and emotional difficulties. I have specialist experience in supporting people living with chronic/long-term health conditions, and those who are bereaved or preparing for a bereavement.
Do you sometimes feel alone, with no one to lean on for support? Do you feel overwhelmed by difficult or challenging life events and want help to feel like yourself again? Within a counselling session, I can support you as you explore and understand your situation, identify helpful techniques or coping strategies, and set and work towards personal goals. I provide support for a wide range of physical and emotional difficulties. I have specialist experience in supporting people living with chronic/long-term health conditions, and those who are bereaved or preparing for a bereavement.
01792 989464 View 01792 989464
Photo of Insideout Psychotherapy, Psychotherapist in Swansea, Wales
Insideout Psychotherapy
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Swansea SA3
Coming to therapy can seem like a big step. But in my experience with clients, it is usually the beginning of a liberating time when past and present concerns can be expressed and understood with emotions examined and transmuted. Learning how to accept and navigate difficult life situations can be really beneficial, as you discover what choices are available to you in how to handle difficult emotions and thought patterns. Many of our core beliefs were formed when we were young and not fully conscious of the choices we were making about our world. Therapy gives you the chance to look at yourself and your issues in new ways.
Coming to therapy can seem like a big step. But in my experience with clients, it is usually the beginning of a liberating time when past and present concerns can be expressed and understood with emotions examined and transmuted. Learning how to accept and navigate difficult life situations can be really beneficial, as you discover what choices are available to you in how to handle difficult emotions and thought patterns. Many of our core beliefs were formed when we were young and not fully conscious of the choices we were making about our world. Therapy gives you the chance to look at yourself and your issues in new ways.
01962 676199 View 01962 676199
Photo of David Lloyd-Brown, Counsellor in Swansea, Wales
David Lloyd-Brown
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Swansea SA1
Hello, my name is David and thank you for taking the time to read my profile. The fact that you’re considering seeing a counsellor means that you’re unhappy with a part of your life, whether it be an unfulfilling relationship, an uncertainty about career or lifestyle choices, or thoughts and behaviours that inhibit your ability to lead the life that you once dared to imagine. The pandemic has also forced people to look again at their life and reappraise what they really want from it.
Hello, my name is David and thank you for taking the time to read my profile. The fact that you’re considering seeing a counsellor means that you’re unhappy with a part of your life, whether it be an unfulfilling relationship, an uncertainty about career or lifestyle choices, or thoughts and behaviours that inhibit your ability to lead the life that you once dared to imagine. The pandemic has also forced people to look again at their life and reappraise what they really want from it.
01792 940497 View 01792 940497
Photo of Nicholas John Hopkins, Counsellor in Swansea, Wales
Nicholas John Hopkins
Counsellor, MA, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Swansea SA6
I am a qualified humanistic counsellor, where the goal is to support my client on the path to self-discovery and personal growth. No one person is the same and I believe this should be embraced when it comes to therapy. With a non-judgemental approach to counselling, my goal is to help you better understand yourself and empower you to deal with issues that life may create, to do this I try to be adaptive and find a process that suits you.
I am a qualified humanistic counsellor, where the goal is to support my client on the path to self-discovery and personal growth. No one person is the same and I believe this should be embraced when it comes to therapy. With a non-judgemental approach to counselling, my goal is to help you better understand yourself and empower you to deal with issues that life may create, to do this I try to be adaptive and find a process that suits you.
01792 966120 View 01792 966120
Photo of Mindrestwellbeingorg, Counsellor in Swansea, Wales
Mindrestwellbeingorg
Counsellor, MSc, PNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Swansea SA2  (Online Only)
I am an Integrative Therapeutic Counsellor with an interest and passion in supporting people with their mental health and wellbeing with twelve years’ experience. I am fully qualified and accredited with the National Counselling Society and work with adult,couples and groups. I work in an integrative style using humanistic, deep listening techniques combined with some Gestalt work, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Transactional Analysis. I work from my private practice situated in South Wales Swansea and am also happy to run zoom or telephone counselling sessions.
I am an Integrative Therapeutic Counsellor with an interest and passion in supporting people with their mental health and wellbeing with twelve years’ experience. I am fully qualified and accredited with the National Counselling Society and work with adult,couples and groups. I work in an integrative style using humanistic, deep listening techniques combined with some Gestalt work, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Transactional Analysis. I work from my private practice situated in South Wales Swansea and am also happy to run zoom or telephone counselling sessions.
01792 949436 View 01792 949436
Photo of Lynette Evans, Counsellor in Swansea, Wales
Lynette Evans
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Swansea SA7
I am a fully qualified and experienced accredited Integrative Counsellor and Psychotherapist (Level 7), providing a confidential and professional counselling service. My Counselling practice aims to give you the opportunity to explore your problems, distresses or any difficult situations that you are experiencing in a confidential, non-judgmental, safe and supportive environment. As a Counsellor I feel privileged to be part of your journey and work to facilitate you through your difficulties so that they become more manageable.
I am a fully qualified and experienced accredited Integrative Counsellor and Psychotherapist (Level 7), providing a confidential and professional counselling service. My Counselling practice aims to give you the opportunity to explore your problems, distresses or any difficult situations that you are experiencing in a confidential, non-judgmental, safe and supportive environment. As a Counsellor I feel privileged to be part of your journey and work to facilitate you through your difficulties so that they become more manageable.
07720 849263 View 07720 849263
Photo of Helen Rees-Morgan, Counsellor in Swansea, Wales
Helen Rees-Morgan
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Swansea SA2
I am an integrative counsellor with 16 years experience. I combine extensive knowledge from different theories and approaches to tailor the client experience to their needs. I work with the client to identify the issues they would like to work on and the timescale in which they would like to do this, whether it be short term or longer work. I work with all ages and an extensive list of issues, some common issues I work with are Autism and ADHD symptoms, anxiety, depression, self harm, suicide, stress, family issues, LGBTQ+ issues and Children and young people. Please contact me for a consultation to see if suitable.
I am an integrative counsellor with 16 years experience. I combine extensive knowledge from different theories and approaches to tailor the client experience to their needs. I work with the client to identify the issues they would like to work on and the timescale in which they would like to do this, whether it be short term or longer work. I work with all ages and an extensive list of issues, some common issues I work with are Autism and ADHD symptoms, anxiety, depression, self harm, suicide, stress, family issues, LGBTQ+ issues and Children and young people. Please contact me for a consultation to see if suitable.
01792 966172 View 01792 966172
Photo of Rebecca Jayne Morris, Psychotherapist in Swansea, Wales
Rebecca Jayne Morris
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Swansea SA1
I work with young people aged 12 onwards, using a Cognitive Behavioural Therapy to help treat symptoms of anxiety which will help them to see patterns in their thinking and behaviour which stop them living their best life!
I work with young people aged 12 onwards, using a Cognitive Behavioural Therapy to help treat symptoms of anxiety which will help them to see patterns in their thinking and behaviour which stop them living their best life!
View
Photo of Kristine Foden, Counsellor in Swansea, Wales
Kristine Foden
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Swansea SA5
As an Integrative Counsellor, I have the privilege of helping to support many clients with a range of life issues. Whether these challenges are related to anxiety and depression, bereavement or prolonged grief, anger, personal relationships and abuse or the ongoing effects of historical difficulties, to name just a few, my goal is to ensure that you feel safe and heard in a confidential, empathic and compassionate environment. It can be difficult to reach out and accept that you may benefit from external support. Vulnerability is not weakness, it is the most courageous thing that we can show to others.
As an Integrative Counsellor, I have the privilege of helping to support many clients with a range of life issues. Whether these challenges are related to anxiety and depression, bereavement or prolonged grief, anger, personal relationships and abuse or the ongoing effects of historical difficulties, to name just a few, my goal is to ensure that you feel safe and heard in a confidential, empathic and compassionate environment. It can be difficult to reach out and accept that you may benefit from external support. Vulnerability is not weakness, it is the most courageous thing that we can show to others.
01792 949385 View 01792 949385
Photo of Vanessa Margaret Evans, Counsellor in Swansea, Wales
Vanessa Margaret Evans
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Swansea SA1
Hello, and a warm welcome! I am a qualified Integrative Counsellor and EMDR therapist. I am a registered member with BACP, NCS and EMDR UK & Ireland. I have attended additional training in the Rewind Technique, DBT Essential Skills, PNMH, Trauma, CBT-T and Clinical Supervision. I have over 20 years experienced of counselling clients in different settings, presenting with a range of difficulties. For the past 9 years I have worked as Counsellor for the NHS, primary mental health and staff wellbeing across South Wales. I have a special interest in treating clients who have experienced Trauma & Work related issues/stress.
Hello, and a warm welcome! I am a qualified Integrative Counsellor and EMDR therapist. I am a registered member with BACP, NCS and EMDR UK & Ireland. I have attended additional training in the Rewind Technique, DBT Essential Skills, PNMH, Trauma, CBT-T and Clinical Supervision. I have over 20 years experienced of counselling clients in different settings, presenting with a range of difficulties. For the past 9 years I have worked as Counsellor for the NHS, primary mental health and staff wellbeing across South Wales. I have a special interest in treating clients who have experienced Trauma & Work related issues/stress.
01792 949464 View 01792 949464
Photo of Enlightened-therapy, Counsellor in Swansea, Wales
Enlightened-therapy
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Swansea SA3
I am committed to providing clients a safe, confidential space to explore your thoughts, feelings and behaviours without judgement. To explore issues that are causing challenges in your lives and look at how we might over come these. I offer counselling to individuals and couples of all genders. Short term or long term counselling. Whatever the issue is that brings you to counselling I work with you as an individual or couple. I have a special interest in relationship counselling. I can provide couples a safe space to have the conversation that really matters!
I am committed to providing clients a safe, confidential space to explore your thoughts, feelings and behaviours without judgement. To explore issues that are causing challenges in your lives and look at how we might over come these. I offer counselling to individuals and couples of all genders. Short term or long term counselling. Whatever the issue is that brings you to counselling I work with you as an individual or couple. I have a special interest in relationship counselling. I can provide couples a safe space to have the conversation that really matters!
01792 966125 View 01792 966125
Photo of Nia Ward, Counsellor in Swansea, Wales
Nia Ward
Counsellor, BACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Swansea SA4
Croeso! My aim as a counsellor is to provide a sense of hope and healing, empowering clients to find resilience and strength amidst life's challenges. A nurturing and transformative experience leaving a lasting impact on individuals seeking support, creating positive change and instilling a sense of empowerment and well-being. I am dedicated and committed, going above and beyond to ensure clients receive the care they deserve. My experience and knowledge in suicide prevention and self-harm has enhanced my ability to help individuals in crisis.
Croeso! My aim as a counsellor is to provide a sense of hope and healing, empowering clients to find resilience and strength amidst life's challenges. A nurturing and transformative experience leaving a lasting impact on individuals seeking support, creating positive change and instilling a sense of empowerment and well-being. I am dedicated and committed, going above and beyond to ensure clients receive the care they deserve. My experience and knowledge in suicide prevention and self-harm has enhanced my ability to help individuals in crisis.
01792 949913 View 01792 949913

See more therapy options for Swansea

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Swansea

80+

Average cost per session

£50

Counsellors in Swansea who prioritize treating:

82% Anxiety
78% Depression
78% Stress
75% Self Esteem
69% Trauma and PTSD
68% Relationship Issues
67% Bereavement

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

44% Aviva
39% Any/Out-of-network Insurance
39% AXA PPP

How Counsellors in Swansea see their clients

81% In Person and Online
19% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
23% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Swansea?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.