Counselling in Buckingham

Photo of Equine Enlightenment Psychological Services, Psychologist in Buckingham, England
Equine Enlightenment Psychological Services
Psychologist, GMBPsS
Verified Verified
Buckingham MK18  (Online Only)
Currently sessions are available online only. We are able to offer both short and long term therapy for a broad range of needs and goals. We can work together once weekly or more, for an hour or more, alternative weeks/ monthly and one off sessions. We tailor the therapy to your individual needs and goals, combining a structured professional approach that will feel comfortable and safe. As a team of psychologists, psychotherapists and counsellors, we can offer a range of psychological approaches and evidence based therapy to support your healing. Click here to book: https://connect-bacp.wellola.com/organisation/728/bookingform
Currently sessions are available online only. We are able to offer both short and long term therapy for a broad range of needs and goals. We can work together once weekly or more, for an hour or more, alternative weeks/ monthly and one off sessions. We tailor the therapy to your individual needs and goals, combining a structured professional approach that will feel comfortable and safe. As a team of psychologists, psychotherapists and counsellors, we can offer a range of psychological approaches and evidence based therapy to support your healing. Click here to book: https://connect-bacp.wellola.com/organisation/728/bookingform
07588 695348 View 07588 695348
Photo of Kimberley Bolton, Counsellor in Buckingham, England
Kimberley Bolton
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Buckingham MK18
At some point in our lives, we all encounter difficulties. We each have unique experiences of these struggles and at times they can feel overwhelming. This is where I can help. You may seek therapy if you feel stressed, anxious or struggle with low mood. You might find yourself affected by current or past experiences. Difficulties related to work, the home or relationships. Or it may be that you long for a confidential space to be heard and understood. Counselling and psychotherapy can help wherever you are in your life.
At some point in our lives, we all encounter difficulties. We each have unique experiences of these struggles and at times they can feel overwhelming. This is where I can help. You may seek therapy if you feel stressed, anxious or struggle with low mood. You might find yourself affected by current or past experiences. Difficulties related to work, the home or relationships. Or it may be that you long for a confidential space to be heard and understood. Counselling and psychotherapy can help wherever you are in your life.
01296 327584 View 01296 327584
Photo of Katie Ginger, Psychotherapist in Buckingham, England
Katie Ginger
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Buckingham MK18
Counselling and Psychotherapy offers a non judgment space to explore what is going on for you. It is your space to talk about issues you may be experiencing or have experienced that are causing you pain, worry or you want to make sense of. I work with an integrative approach which means you will always be at the centre of our sessions. My role in the session is to support you to explore what it is you may want to.
Counselling and Psychotherapy offers a non judgment space to explore what is going on for you. It is your space to talk about issues you may be experiencing or have experienced that are causing you pain, worry or you want to make sense of. I work with an integrative approach which means you will always be at the centre of our sessions. My role in the session is to support you to explore what it is you may want to.
01296 254516 View 01296 254516
Photo of Celia Flack, Counsellor in Buckingham, England
Celia Flack
Counsellor, BACP
Verified Verified
Buckingham MK18
There are times in our lives when things can become difficult or perhaps we do not feel content and we don't know why. I offer emotional warmth and empathy to help you explore your difficulties, make sense of your emotions and reconnect with yourself. I believe that most people can benefit from having some counselling, from being with someone who truly listens to your unique experience, understands it and helps you to understand it too. I am a registered member of BACP and as a qualified integrative therapist I will tailor my approach to best meet your individual needs. I am led by you and what you feel ready and able to work on.
There are times in our lives when things can become difficult or perhaps we do not feel content and we don't know why. I offer emotional warmth and empathy to help you explore your difficulties, make sense of your emotions and reconnect with yourself. I believe that most people can benefit from having some counselling, from being with someone who truly listens to your unique experience, understands it and helps you to understand it too. I am a registered member of BACP and as a qualified integrative therapist I will tailor my approach to best meet your individual needs. I am led by you and what you feel ready and able to work on.
01296 321187 View 01296 321187
Photo of Emma Spacek, Counsellor in Buckingham, England
Emma Spacek
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Verified Verified
Buckingham MK18
I believe, that it is one thing to listen to someone when they speak, but it is another to truly hear what they are saying. In sessions my aim is to offer true warmth and honesty so that we can work together in a trusting therapeutic relationship. My work with clients covers many different aspects such as trauma, abuse, self-harm, bereavement, long term and life changing health issues, relationship difficulties, job dissatisfaction, life changes, depression or simply unexplained feelings of loss, fear and anxiety. Working together, at your pace, we can explore what is troubling you, and uncover any root causes
I believe, that it is one thing to listen to someone when they speak, but it is another to truly hear what they are saying. In sessions my aim is to offer true warmth and honesty so that we can work together in a trusting therapeutic relationship. My work with clients covers many different aspects such as trauma, abuse, self-harm, bereavement, long term and life changing health issues, relationship difficulties, job dissatisfaction, life changes, depression or simply unexplained feelings of loss, fear and anxiety. Working together, at your pace, we can explore what is troubling you, and uncover any root causes
01225 435026 View 01225 435026
Photo of Rachael Graveley Person Centred Psychotherapy, Psychotherapist in Buckingham, England
Rachael Graveley Person Centred Psychotherapy
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Buckingham MK18
Anxious, depressed, stressed? Struggling to cope? Struggling to make changes? Lost sight of who you are and who you want to be? You’re not alone. We’re often harder on ourselves than on anyone else. With busy lives, work or family commitments, we forget to check in with ourselves – and don’t want to burden others with our problems. Are you are struggling with the impacts of trauma or abuse? Suffering with negative thought patterns? Finding it hard to make sense of the way you process life's events?
Anxious, depressed, stressed? Struggling to cope? Struggling to make changes? Lost sight of who you are and who you want to be? You’re not alone. We’re often harder on ourselves than on anyone else. With busy lives, work or family commitments, we forget to check in with ourselves – and don’t want to burden others with our problems. Are you are struggling with the impacts of trauma or abuse? Suffering with negative thought patterns? Finding it hard to make sense of the way you process life's events?
View
Photo of Dr Morvwen Duncan, Psychologist in Buckingham, England
Dr Morvwen Duncan
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Buckingham MK18
I am a Clinical Psychologist providing specialist psychological assessment and evidence-based treatment for a range of mental health, emotional and behavioural difficulties in children and young people. This includes supporting those who are experiencing low mood, anxiety and challenges in forming or maintaining relationships. ​I specialise in comprehensive neuropsychological assessments to understand a young person's learning strengths and areas of difficulty, and to identify general or specific learning difficulties, such as Dyslexia. I also provide assessment of neurodevelopmental difficulties, including Autism Spectrum Disorder.
I am a Clinical Psychologist providing specialist psychological assessment and evidence-based treatment for a range of mental health, emotional and behavioural difficulties in children and young people. This includes supporting those who are experiencing low mood, anxiety and challenges in forming or maintaining relationships. ​I specialise in comprehensive neuropsychological assessments to understand a young person's learning strengths and areas of difficulty, and to identify general or specific learning difficulties, such as Dyslexia. I also provide assessment of neurodevelopmental difficulties, including Autism Spectrum Disorder.
View
Photo of Kirsty Hayhoe in Buckingham, England
Kirsty Hayhoe
Verified Verified
Buckingham MK18
Waitlist for new clients
I work with adults, young people and children who are struggling with thoughts, feelings, memories or behaviours. I also have experience with neurodiversity particularly autistic individuals.
I work with adults, young people and children who are struggling with thoughts, feelings, memories or behaviours. I also have experience with neurodiversity particularly autistic individuals.
01327 226845 View 01327 226845
Photo of Donna West, Psychotherapist in Buckingham, England
Donna West
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Buckingham MK18  (Online Only)
Having undergone therapy myself I appreciate the importance of finding a therapist whom is able to facilitate a safe, warm and confidential environment to support the exploration of your story. I have worked with an array of clients whom have accessed therapy for varying reasons that they feel are inhibiting them from living an authentic life. My role within the therapeutic relationship is to work alongside an individual to facilitate self-exploration and consider alternative routes that may lay before them. I offer individual, group, relationship and family therapy. Please follow the link to my website for further information about these services in more detail. I have extensive knowledge of addiction in all of its forms and have worked with both those in the depths of their addiction as well as those whom are in recovery and have also supported friends and family members too.
Having undergone therapy myself I appreciate the importance of finding a therapist whom is able to facilitate a safe, warm and confidential environment to support the exploration of your story. I have worked with an array of clients whom have accessed therapy for varying reasons that they feel are inhibiting them from living an authentic life. My role within the therapeutic relationship is to work alongside an individual to facilitate self-exploration and consider alternative routes that may lay before them. I offer individual, group, relationship and family therapy. Please follow the link to my website for further information about these services in more detail. I have extensive knowledge of addiction in all of its forms and have worked with both those in the depths of their addiction as well as those whom are in recovery and have also supported friends and family members too.
01234 480628 View 01234 480628
Photo of Lydia Nightingale, Counsellor in Buckingham, England
Lydia Nightingale
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Buckingham MK18
Hello, I am a Person-Centred counsellor specialising in relationships, bereavement, abuse and work-related issues. I also work with anxiety, stress and depression. Person-Centred counselling means that I believe that you are in control and hold the keys to unlocking what is troubling you. I consider my role to be similar to that of a guide, who supports you in your unique situation to help you move forward. I have ten years’ experience of supporting diverse people, with a wide range of life challenges.
Hello, I am a Person-Centred counsellor specialising in relationships, bereavement, abuse and work-related issues. I also work with anxiety, stress and depression. Person-Centred counselling means that I believe that you are in control and hold the keys to unlocking what is troubling you. I consider my role to be similar to that of a guide, who supports you in your unique situation to help you move forward. I have ten years’ experience of supporting diverse people, with a wide range of life challenges.
01895 320801 View 01895 320801
Photo of Lisa Ann Bradford, Counsellor in Buckingham, England
Lisa Ann Bradford
Counsellor, BACP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Buckingham MK18
Life can be challenging and at times we may not have the capacity to deal with everything going on. I have created the garden room in Launton, the village I live in, where the outdoors comes in to promote healing. Private and overlooking its own garden, it’s a peaceful space within which to work through what is troubling you at this time.
Life can be challenging and at times we may not have the capacity to deal with everything going on. I have created the garden room in Launton, the village I live in, where the outdoors comes in to promote healing. Private and overlooking its own garden, it’s a peaceful space within which to work through what is troubling you at this time.
01869 943635 View 01869 943635
Photo of Joanne Blythen, Counsellor in Buckingham, England
Joanne Blythen
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Buckingham MK18
Hi, my name is JoJo and I am a qualified person-cantered counsellor based in Buckinghamshire - Milton Keynes. I work in person, online and offer walking sessions. I work with anyone over the age of 14 yrs, covering areas such as depression, anxiety, body image, disordered eating, self-harm, sexuality, LGBTQI, ADHD, neurodiversity and issues that may arise when we live in blended families. My approach is always to build up a relationship of trust, find common areas we can connect on and work at a pace that suits you. I have lived and worked in India and the US so have cross-cultural understanding.
Hi, my name is JoJo and I am a qualified person-cantered counsellor based in Buckinghamshire - Milton Keynes. I work in person, online and offer walking sessions. I work with anyone over the age of 14 yrs, covering areas such as depression, anxiety, body image, disordered eating, self-harm, sexuality, LGBTQI, ADHD, neurodiversity and issues that may arise when we live in blended families. My approach is always to build up a relationship of trust, find common areas we can connect on and work at a pace that suits you. I have lived and worked in India and the US so have cross-cultural understanding.
01908 103712 View 01908 103712
Photo of Karen Johnson, Counsellor in Buckingham, England
Karen Johnson
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Buckingham MK18
Do you wake up anxious, stressed and dread the beginning of each new day? Are you feeling overwhelmed from taking care of everyone else’s needs and feel guilty if you take time for yourself? Do you often feel that everyone else’s problems are greater than yours and don’t speak out about your own difficulties but will happily listen and support friends when they need help? Perhaps you feel that your work / life balance is out of control but just don't know where to start? Working together I will help you create healthier habits, feel better about yourself and learn techniques to feel more in control to begin enjoying life again.
Do you wake up anxious, stressed and dread the beginning of each new day? Are you feeling overwhelmed from taking care of everyone else’s needs and feel guilty if you take time for yourself? Do you often feel that everyone else’s problems are greater than yours and don’t speak out about your own difficulties but will happily listen and support friends when they need help? Perhaps you feel that your work / life balance is out of control but just don't know where to start? Working together I will help you create healthier habits, feel better about yourself and learn techniques to feel more in control to begin enjoying life again.
01788 229475 View 01788 229475
Photo of Hannah Green, Psychologist in Buckingham, England
Hannah Green
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Buckingham MK18
Have you experienced trauma or loss that is making it difficult to find meaning in your life? I understand that the experiences can be incredibly challenging, and it takes courage to seek support. That's why I want to assure you that you are not alone. I am a qualified Clinical Psychologist registered with the Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC) and I have extensive experience working across various settings within the NHS and private practice. I am here to provide a safe, compassionate, and non-judgmental space where you can explore your experiences and begin the journey towards healing.
Have you experienced trauma or loss that is making it difficult to find meaning in your life? I understand that the experiences can be incredibly challenging, and it takes courage to seek support. That's why I want to assure you that you are not alone. I am a qualified Clinical Psychologist registered with the Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC) and I have extensive experience working across various settings within the NHS and private practice. I am here to provide a safe, compassionate, and non-judgmental space where you can explore your experiences and begin the journey towards healing.
View
Photo of Clive Deeks, Counsellor in Buckingham, England
Clive Deeks
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Buckingham MK18
Back in the nineties when I went to my first counselling session when it seemed the only option left that I could face. In the UK back then ‘therapy’ was almost taboo and I was scared to tell a soul. Thank goodness I quickly felt safe enough to confide in my counsellor and to share with her my deepest fears for my sanity, my marriage, my high pressure job and indeed, my future (if there was to be one). I can’t remember too much about those sessions now but I always felt better just for having shared. Nowadays through counselling I help people to find and to love their inner selves, to handle whatever life throws at them and to grow.
Back in the nineties when I went to my first counselling session when it seemed the only option left that I could face. In the UK back then ‘therapy’ was almost taboo and I was scared to tell a soul. Thank goodness I quickly felt safe enough to confide in my counsellor and to share with her my deepest fears for my sanity, my marriage, my high pressure job and indeed, my future (if there was to be one). I can’t remember too much about those sessions now but I always felt better just for having shared. Nowadays through counselling I help people to find and to love their inner selves, to handle whatever life throws at them and to grow.
01296 254512 View 01296 254512
Photo of Jenny Lam, Psychotherapist in Buckingham, England
Jenny Lam
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
Verified Verified
Buckingham MK18  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I'm an experienced and fully accredited (by the BABCP) Cognitive Behavioural Psychotherapist. I'm also a Clinical Supervisor with extensive experience supervising Trainee Clinical Psychologists, and Trainee/Qualified CBT Therapists. I've worked in the mental health sector since 2007 and have always been naturally impassionate about mental health. I've worked within the mental health charity sector, in Forensic Psychiatry, as a University Clinical Lecturer (training and supervising CBT Clinicians and Supervisors), in the private mental health sector and in the NHS as a CBT Psychotherapist,Clinical Supervisor and in leadership roles.
I'm an experienced and fully accredited (by the BABCP) Cognitive Behavioural Psychotherapist. I'm also a Clinical Supervisor with extensive experience supervising Trainee Clinical Psychologists, and Trainee/Qualified CBT Therapists. I've worked in the mental health sector since 2007 and have always been naturally impassionate about mental health. I've worked within the mental health charity sector, in Forensic Psychiatry, as a University Clinical Lecturer (training and supervising CBT Clinicians and Supervisors), in the private mental health sector and in the NHS as a CBT Psychotherapist,Clinical Supervisor and in leadership roles.
01869 943692 View 01869 943692
Photo of Sian Thrasher, Psychologist in Buckingham, England
Sian Thrasher
Psychologist, PhD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Buckingham MK18  (Online Only)
CBT is a practical, present-focused and collaborative approach aimed at understanding problems in terms of the relationship between thoughts, feelings and behaviour. We will develop a list of personalised, time-limited treatment goals, and strategies for change. This approach can be used to help anyone, irrespective of ability, culture, race or gender.
CBT is a practical, present-focused and collaborative approach aimed at understanding problems in terms of the relationship between thoughts, feelings and behaviour. We will develop a list of personalised, time-limited treatment goals, and strategies for change. This approach can be used to help anyone, irrespective of ability, culture, race or gender.
01608 697318 View 01608 697318
Photo of Funmi Oni, Counsellor in Buckingham, England
Funmi Oni
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Buckingham MK18
I am a Relationship Counselor and offer a combination of Counselling and Life Coaching. Sometimes we find ourselves in situations that are beyond our control, and this can sometimes overwhelm us. Our power lies not in the matter but deep within us. Are you struggling or stressed out with a job that gives you little or no satisfaction and or stressed by life in general? Are you experiencing constant conflict in your relationship? Does it feel like no one understands you? I will help you deal with: Stress-related issues, conflict in relationships or marriage, miscarriage, low self-esteem or confidence.
I am a Relationship Counselor and offer a combination of Counselling and Life Coaching. Sometimes we find ourselves in situations that are beyond our control, and this can sometimes overwhelm us. Our power lies not in the matter but deep within us. Are you struggling or stressed out with a job that gives you little or no satisfaction and or stressed by life in general? Are you experiencing constant conflict in your relationship? Does it feel like no one understands you? I will help you deal with: Stress-related issues, conflict in relationships or marriage, miscarriage, low self-esteem or confidence.
0161 696 1203 View 0161 696 1203
Photo of Sally Hartley, Counsellor in Buckingham, England
Sally Hartley
Counsellor, PhD, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Buckingham MK18
A warm welcome from me. It can feel a daunting task to start therapy – finding the right person and making contact and meeting for the first time. It is a brave step, and it is the first step to finding a space where you can talk and feel listened to and not feel judged. I work with a people from all walks of life, who are facing a variety of issues.
A warm welcome from me. It can feel a daunting task to start therapy – finding the right person and making contact and meeting for the first time. It is a brave step, and it is the first step to finding a space where you can talk and feel listened to and not feel judged. I work with a people from all walks of life, who are facing a variety of issues.
01788 224982 View 01788 224982
Photo of The Launton Listening Lodge , Counsellor in Buckingham, England
The Launton Listening Lodge
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Buckingham MK18
Hi I’m Sarah, a qualified Psychotherapeutic Counsellor. I run a quiet private practice from Launton with free parking, where I provide confidential in-person counselling to adults. The therapeutic relationship is at the heart of my practice as I believe this is what enables us to heal. As my client, you are my priority and I strive to offer a therapeutic relationship where there is mutual trust, you feel heard, understood and valued, as a whole unique person. I understand how daunting deciding to see a counsellor can be. Often it’s the first difficult step, especially if you have never experienced counselling before.
Hi I’m Sarah, a qualified Psychotherapeutic Counsellor. I run a quiet private practice from Launton with free parking, where I provide confidential in-person counselling to adults. The therapeutic relationship is at the heart of my practice as I believe this is what enables us to heal. As my client, you are my priority and I strive to offer a therapeutic relationship where there is mutual trust, you feel heard, understood and valued, as a whole unique person. I understand how daunting deciding to see a counsellor can be. Often it’s the first difficult step, especially if you have never experienced counselling before.
01869 943658 View 01869 943658

See more therapy options for Buckingham

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Buckingham

20+

Average cost per session

£60

Counsellors in Buckingham who prioritize treating:

95% Depression
95% Anxiety
95% Self Esteem
82% Stress
77% Coping Skills
68% Relationship Issues
68% Bereavement

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

50% Aviva
50% Bupa
50% Vitality

How Counsellors in Buckingham see their clients

82% In Person and Online
18% Online Only

Gender breakdown

86% Female
10% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Buckingham?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.