Counselling in BR4

Photo of Kathryn Hunwick - BodyTalk Therapy - Kathryn Hunwick, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
BodyTalk is therapy, body education and goal support with a female body twist. It connects the dots between what happens in and to your body and your mind, moods and habits - so you feel better all round. Perhaps you’ve got a reproductive health condition? Trying to conceive? Maybe you’re perimenopausal? New parent? Perhaps you experience your body’s complexity but don't yet understand how to work with, rather than against or unaware of, it. You may be feeling low, anxious or stressed and are yet to connect these experiences with what’s going on in your body. For all this and more, BodyTalk is for you.
BodyTalk is therapy, body education and goal support with a female body twist. It connects the dots between what happens in and to your body and your mind, moods and habits - so you feel better all round. Perhaps you’ve got a reproductive health condition? Trying to conceive? Maybe you’re perimenopausal? New parent? Perhaps you experience your body’s complexity but don't yet understand how to work with, rather than against or unaware of, it. You may be feeling low, anxious or stressed and are yet to connect these experiences with what’s going on in your body. For all this and more, BodyTalk is for you.
020 3870 5465 View 020 3870 5465
Photo of Lauren Upjohn, Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
Lauren Upjohn
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
1 Endorsed
I understand the decision to access therapy can be a courageous but daunting one. I am passionate about helping individuals to manage their psychological needs and have had the privilege of helping many different individuals work through their issues since 2014.
I understand the decision to access therapy can be a courageous but daunting one. I am passionate about helping individuals to manage their psychological needs and have had the privilege of helping many different individuals work through their issues since 2014.
020 4572 8378 View 020 4572 8378
Photo of Dr Rachel Blundell, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Rachel Blundell
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
I am a Clinical Psychologist with extensive experience in the NHS, third sector as well as private therapy. I specialise in working with adults who experience anxiety, low mood or stress. I am trained in evidence based therapies such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Compassion Focused Therapy. Therapy is tailored to individual need and goals, using a person centred and strengths based approach. I also have experience adapting therapy for adults with a diagnosis of autism and learning disabilities.
I am a Clinical Psychologist with extensive experience in the NHS, third sector as well as private therapy. I specialise in working with adults who experience anxiety, low mood or stress. I am trained in evidence based therapies such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Compassion Focused Therapy. Therapy is tailored to individual need and goals, using a person centred and strengths based approach. I also have experience adapting therapy for adults with a diagnosis of autism and learning disabilities.
020 3984 8286 View 020 3984 8286
Photo of Christos Papalekas, Psychologist, MSc, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Christos Papalekas
Psychologist, MSc, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Welcome! As a qualified and experienced psychotherapist and Practitioner Psychologist , I can help you explore and process emotional difficulties that might be preventing you from having the quality of life you want. I can guide you to develop cognitive, emotional and behavioural strategies that will contribute towards preventing any further psychological problems as well as being more positive. You will be encouraged to explore both intrinsic and interpersonal problems and to develop new behavioral skills. I work with individuals and groups in the Mental Health sector. Psychotherapy is potentially a life changing process.
Welcome! As a qualified and experienced psychotherapist and Practitioner Psychologist , I can help you explore and process emotional difficulties that might be preventing you from having the quality of life you want. I can guide you to develop cognitive, emotional and behavioural strategies that will contribute towards preventing any further psychological problems as well as being more positive. You will be encouraged to explore both intrinsic and interpersonal problems and to develop new behavioral skills. I work with individuals and groups in the Mental Health sector. Psychotherapy is potentially a life changing process.
020 3667 2699 View 020 3667 2699
Photo of Norris Plummer, Counsellor, MBACP
Norris Plummer
Counsellor, MBACP
I have been working with clients in London who have been experiencing a range of issues, including bereavement, anxiety, depression, self-harm, suicidal thoughts, stress, relationship issues and trauma. Every client is unique. I seek to provide a professional, supportive, confidential environment for you to reflect on what is concerning you. One size does not fit all. This means listening very carefully and for you to be heard clearly; this allows you to begin to process your thoughts and feelings and to begin to be able to make sense of your feelings, difficulties and challenges. Contributing to you living life on your terms.
I have been working with clients in London who have been experiencing a range of issues, including bereavement, anxiety, depression, self-harm, suicidal thoughts, stress, relationship issues and trauma. Every client is unique. I seek to provide a professional, supportive, confidential environment for you to reflect on what is concerning you. One size does not fit all. This means listening very carefully and for you to be heard clearly; this allows you to begin to process your thoughts and feelings and to begin to be able to make sense of your feelings, difficulties and challenges. Contributing to you living life on your terms.
07402 160578 View 07402 160578
Photo of Shelley Williams, Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Shelley Williams
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
I work with a broad range of issues including anxiety, depression, family and relationship issues, bereavement and trauma. Therapy can reveal new perspectives on your experiences and relationships, helping you to uncover previously unknown valuable aspects of yourself. Through exploring with you what is happening in the context of your unique life story, I aim to help you develop a greater sense of well-being and more fulfilling relationships. You can listen to me talk further about my approach on my website.
I work with a broad range of issues including anxiety, depression, family and relationship issues, bereavement and trauma. Therapy can reveal new perspectives on your experiences and relationships, helping you to uncover previously unknown valuable aspects of yourself. Through exploring with you what is happening in the context of your unique life story, I aim to help you develop a greater sense of well-being and more fulfilling relationships. You can listen to me talk further about my approach on my website.
020 4538 3715 View 020 4538 3715
Photo of Michelle Dada, Counsellor, MBACP
Michelle Dada
Counsellor, MBACP
Childhood trauma, unhealthy patterns, addiction and trauma can all result in unresolved pain. Being able to explore that pain in a non judgemental, confidential, empathic space can be an essential life changing experience. Many clients come to therapy wanting change and emotional health, awareness of where that pain comes from and the journey to understand its impact on our lives today is a crucial part of healing. Often our trauma is not recognised, believed or simply understood. Yet we're living with the impact of these issues. It takes courage to acknowledge our pain but for those who can it can give us the tools to change.
Childhood trauma, unhealthy patterns, addiction and trauma can all result in unresolved pain. Being able to explore that pain in a non judgemental, confidential, empathic space can be an essential life changing experience. Many clients come to therapy wanting change and emotional health, awareness of where that pain comes from and the journey to understand its impact on our lives today is a crucial part of healing. Often our trauma is not recognised, believed or simply understood. Yet we're living with the impact of these issues. It takes courage to acknowledge our pain but for those who can it can give us the tools to change.
020 4538 2484 View 020 4538 2484
Photo of Hatel Bhatt, Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Hatel Bhatt
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Hi, I'm Hatel, a Counselling Psychologist with over 10 years of experience working in both the NHS and voluntary sector. I provide evidence-based therapy for adults, creating a supportive, confidential, and professional environment to help you navigate life's challenges. If you’re feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, depression, stress, or relationship challenges, I’m here to support you. Together, we can create a safe space to explore what’s weighing on you and work towards understanding yourself better. My goal is to help you build the skills to manage life’s challenges and move towards a sense of balance, control, and fulfilment.
Hi, I'm Hatel, a Counselling Psychologist with over 10 years of experience working in both the NHS and voluntary sector. I provide evidence-based therapy for adults, creating a supportive, confidential, and professional environment to help you navigate life's challenges. If you’re feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, depression, stress, or relationship challenges, I’m here to support you. Together, we can create a safe space to explore what’s weighing on you and work towards understanding yourself better. My goal is to help you build the skills to manage life’s challenges and move towards a sense of balance, control, and fulfilment.
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Photo of Debbie M Wright, Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Debbie M Wright
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
I am an EMDR therapist, Counsellor and Trauma informed Therapist, with 20 years expereince. I offer psychological support across a variety of issues and my specilist areas are Trauma, complex PTSD, Grief and Loss, with an additional focus on Women’s health and the Menopause. I offer support on a short or long-term basis dependent on your specific needs. Whether your concern is in relation to recent or past events I offer you a safe and confidential environment to explore your issues working together to find solutions to help manage them better. I am BUPA and EAP recgisterred.
I am an EMDR therapist, Counsellor and Trauma informed Therapist, with 20 years expereince. I offer psychological support across a variety of issues and my specilist areas are Trauma, complex PTSD, Grief and Loss, with an additional focus on Women’s health and the Menopause. I offer support on a short or long-term basis dependent on your specific needs. Whether your concern is in relation to recent or past events I offer you a safe and confidential environment to explore your issues working together to find solutions to help manage them better. I am BUPA and EAP recgisterred.
020 4538 7147 View 020 4538 7147
Photo of Petra Simone Montaque-Haffmans, Counsellor, MBACP
You find yourself here because you want to share your burden. Whatever it is, grief, anxiety, depression. These are signs of things in our lives we cannot or have not been able to control. Loss of a loved one, miscarriage, abortion, breakdown of relationships, difficulty making sense of life after loss. Often we can turn to unhelpful and even harmful behaviours that leave us without hope. Through counselling, sharing the burden, speaking the unspeakable, we can find a way to untangle the struggles and give them a place. Finding words for feelings we don’t like, finding a way through the fog that stops us from seeing a way ahead.
You find yourself here because you want to share your burden. Whatever it is, grief, anxiety, depression. These are signs of things in our lives we cannot or have not been able to control. Loss of a loved one, miscarriage, abortion, breakdown of relationships, difficulty making sense of life after loss. Often we can turn to unhelpful and even harmful behaviours that leave us without hope. Through counselling, sharing the burden, speaking the unspeakable, we can find a way to untangle the struggles and give them a place. Finding words for feelings we don’t like, finding a way through the fog that stops us from seeing a way ahead.
020 3835 4083 View 020 3835 4083
Photo of Surma Bhupesh Shah - Shanti Counselling, Counsellor, MBACP
Shanti Counselling
Counsellor, MBACP
Hello, when emotions, thoughts, feelings or problems are becoming overwhelming and are holding you back, I offer an empathetic and warm-hearted counselling service, which can help your journey to find inner peace and personal growth. As an integrative counsellor and coach, I can use different approaches e.g psychodynamic, NLP, CBT, or Emotional Focus Therapy, to help you resolve your problems in a non-judgemental and confidential space. I will support you to express your worries and problems; as well as assist you when you are working through the barriers and difficulties that you are experiencing. I offer relationship therapy.
Hello, when emotions, thoughts, feelings or problems are becoming overwhelming and are holding you back, I offer an empathetic and warm-hearted counselling service, which can help your journey to find inner peace and personal growth. As an integrative counsellor and coach, I can use different approaches e.g psychodynamic, NLP, CBT, or Emotional Focus Therapy, to help you resolve your problems in a non-judgemental and confidential space. I will support you to express your worries and problems; as well as assist you when you are working through the barriers and difficulties that you are experiencing. I offer relationship therapy.
07533 402699 View 07533 402699
Photo of Seema Bhatti, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Seema Bhatti
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
I am an HCPC registered Counselling Psychologist and trained CBT and DBT therapist. I have been working in mental health for 9 years with both NHS and private health care experience. I work inline with my values of openness, integrity, non judgemental stance and positive regard. I have an interest in equality and diversity which is considered in the work I do and reflected in my academic research.
I am an HCPC registered Counselling Psychologist and trained CBT and DBT therapist. I have been working in mental health for 9 years with both NHS and private health care experience. I work inline with my values of openness, integrity, non judgemental stance and positive regard. I have an interest in equality and diversity which is considered in the work I do and reflected in my academic research.
01798 306635 View 01798 306635
Photo of John Moran, Psychologist, DCounsPsych, AFBPSsS
John Moran
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, AFBPSsS
1 Endorsed
My therapeutic approach is Integrative, identifying 'what works for whom' through a thorough assessment and a rigorous formulation of client difficulty. I am an experienced in CBT approaches including Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT), Person-Centred Therapy and Schema Therapy and work in private practice providing therapy to individuals and couples with a wide range of mental health difficulties including anxiety spectrum disorders, depression, relationship difficulties.
My therapeutic approach is Integrative, identifying 'what works for whom' through a thorough assessment and a rigorous formulation of client difficulty. I am an experienced in CBT approaches including Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT), Person-Centred Therapy and Schema Therapy and work in private practice providing therapy to individuals and couples with a wide range of mental health difficulties including anxiety spectrum disorders, depression, relationship difficulties.
020 4572 8861 View 020 4572 8861
Photo of Alistair McGill, Psychotherapist
Alistair McGill
Psychotherapist
Serves Area
Every client responds to a different balance of therapeutic help. It's your journey, and it's one along which you can discover what if anything is stopping you be the best you can be, or where your talents lie. With or without the aide of hypnosis, your life journey is one of self discovery and a pathway to the realisation that you have all the tools you need, right inside. Its a journey that would sometimes benefit from a pause and a think in a non judgemental, confidential environment and that what I provide to all my clients.
Every client responds to a different balance of therapeutic help. It's your journey, and it's one along which you can discover what if anything is stopping you be the best you can be, or where your talents lie. With or without the aide of hypnosis, your life journey is one of self discovery and a pathway to the realisation that you have all the tools you need, right inside. Its a journey that would sometimes benefit from a pause and a think in a non judgemental, confidential environment and that what I provide to all my clients.
020 4538 0158 View 020 4538 0158
Photo of Caroline Phillips - Caroline's Counselling, Counsellor, MBACP
Caroline's Counselling
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
It can be difficult to talk about what is worrying you, and you might not even be able to explain all of your feelings. I provide a safe, confidential, non-judgemental and empathetic space for you to explore thoughts, feelings and emotions that make you unique. I believe that you will have your own solutions, so I do not offer advice but will work with you for you to gain an insight into yourself, increasing self-awareness, developing greater inner strength and furthering personal growth and development. This, in turn, supports with anxiety, depression and other issues.
It can be difficult to talk about what is worrying you, and you might not even be able to explain all of your feelings. I provide a safe, confidential, non-judgemental and empathetic space for you to explore thoughts, feelings and emotions that make you unique. I believe that you will have your own solutions, so I do not offer advice but will work with you for you to gain an insight into yourself, increasing self-awareness, developing greater inner strength and furthering personal growth and development. This, in turn, supports with anxiety, depression and other issues.
07588 740425 View 07588 740425
Photo of Victoria Field, Counsellor, MA, MNCPS Acc.
Victoria Field
Counsellor, MA, MNCPS Acc.
Serves Area
I am a qualified and registered one-to-one and couples counsellor based in Downe, near Bromley and Orpington. I work with individuals, relationships and separation. I offer a compassionate and supportive space where you can feel truly heard and understood. I work at your pace, with your experiences, and what feels right for you. I am here to help you explore your thoughts and emotions, and support you as you work through your feelings. I believe that everyone has the potential to move forward, and my role is to support and guide you through that process.
I am a qualified and registered one-to-one and couples counsellor based in Downe, near Bromley and Orpington. I work with individuals, relationships and separation. I offer a compassionate and supportive space where you can feel truly heard and understood. I work at your pace, with your experiences, and what feels right for you. I am here to help you explore your thoughts and emotions, and support you as you work through your feelings. I believe that everyone has the potential to move forward, and my role is to support and guide you through that process.
01959 583032 View 01959 583032
Photo of Anita Evenden, Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Anita Evenden
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Do you want someone to listen and understand how things are for you? I am passionate about being with you in your concerns. if you are nervous about this, please give me a call and we arrange a 15 minute initial discussion. I work from my office in Hayes. I have a very open approach to my work and have experience in depression, loss, relational issues and self-esteem. I have lived experience and professional expertise in working with ADHD, Autism and other neurodivergence. I work with post 16 and above and have worked as a school counsellor previously.
Do you want someone to listen and understand how things are for you? I am passionate about being with you in your concerns. if you are nervous about this, please give me a call and we arrange a 15 minute initial discussion. I work from my office in Hayes. I have a very open approach to my work and have experience in depression, loss, relational issues and self-esteem. I have lived experience and professional expertise in working with ADHD, Autism and other neurodivergence. I work with post 16 and above and have worked as a school counsellor previously.
020 3909 8944 View 020 3909 8944
Photo of Dilya Mavlanova-August, Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Dilya Mavlanova-August
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
I’m a qualified counsellor based in London, offering online and in-person sessions. I specialise in significant identity changes, such as parenthood, pregnancy, immigration, marriage, divorce, and LGBTQIA+ identity. Specifically, work with challenges like fertility journey, miscarriage, termination, coming out, loss of meaning, mixed ethnicity, assimilation, feeling excluded, spirituality and loneliness. I also work with the unique challenges faced by LGBTQ+ individuals from Asian, Black, Muslim and mixed-race backgrounds. These difficulties may manifest in anxiety, loss of sleep, depression, and loss of meaning and connection.
I’m a qualified counsellor based in London, offering online and in-person sessions. I specialise in significant identity changes, such as parenthood, pregnancy, immigration, marriage, divorce, and LGBTQIA+ identity. Specifically, work with challenges like fertility journey, miscarriage, termination, coming out, loss of meaning, mixed ethnicity, assimilation, feeling excluded, spirituality and loneliness. I also work with the unique challenges faced by LGBTQ+ individuals from Asian, Black, Muslim and mixed-race backgrounds. These difficulties may manifest in anxiety, loss of sleep, depression, and loss of meaning and connection.
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Photo of Jeremy J. Pilkington, Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Jeremy J. Pilkington
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Serves Area
I am a psychotherapist qualified to Master level(s) in both psychodynamic counselling (MA) and cognitive behavioural therapy (MSc). How I work with you will be dependent on your needs and goals for counselling. We will identify this together during an assessment where I will aim to understand more about you, the challenges you have experienced and the particular issues you are struggling with. Our therapeutic relationship will be central to the healing that is possible for you in counselling. It will be a space where you will be 'heard' with empathy and without judgement and where the profound work of insight and change can occur.
I am a psychotherapist qualified to Master level(s) in both psychodynamic counselling (MA) and cognitive behavioural therapy (MSc). How I work with you will be dependent on your needs and goals for counselling. We will identify this together during an assessment where I will aim to understand more about you, the challenges you have experienced and the particular issues you are struggling with. Our therapeutic relationship will be central to the healing that is possible for you in counselling. It will be a space where you will be 'heard' with empathy and without judgement and where the profound work of insight and change can occur.
020 4538 1207 View 020 4538 1207
Photo of Jacqueline Doman, Counsellor, BACP
Jacqueline Doman
Counsellor, BACP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Whatever brings you here, you don't have to face it alone. I offer a warm, supportive space to explore what's going on and what you need. Whether you're struggling with anxiety, low self-worth, relationship difficulties, or grief, I'll help you make sense of things and move forward in a way that feels right for you.
Whatever brings you here, you don't have to face it alone. I offer a warm, supportive space to explore what's going on and what you need. Whether you're struggling with anxiety, low self-worth, relationship difficulties, or grief, I'll help you make sense of things and move forward in a way that feels right for you.
020 3006 8749 View 020 3006 8749

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in BR4

40+

Average cost per session

£65

Counsellors in BR4 who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
91% Depression
83% Self Esteem
83% Stress
70% Relationship Issues
68% Bereavement
53% Divorce

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

63% Bupa
58% Aviva
58% AXA PPP

How Counsellors in BR4 see their clients

83% In Person and Online
17% Online Only

Gender breakdown

88% Female
12% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in BR4?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.