Counselling in BA16

Photo of Nicola J Foster, Psychotherapist, COSRT General
Nicola J Foster
Psychotherapist, COSRT General
2 Endorsed
Online Only
My name is Nicola, I'm a qualified relationship and psychosexual therapist. For the foreseeable future I am working online. I am also a coach. I see couples and individuals for short or long-term psychosexual and relationship therapy. My approach is integrative. I help with rebuilding intimacy, mismatched desire, affairs and betrayals, loss, relationship difficulties, , open-relating, sexual problems, self esteem and confidence.
My name is Nicola, I'm a qualified relationship and psychosexual therapist. For the foreseeable future I am working online. I am also a coach. I see couples and individuals for short or long-term psychosexual and relationship therapy. My approach is integrative. I help with rebuilding intimacy, mismatched desire, affairs and betrayals, loss, relationship difficulties, , open-relating, sexual problems, self esteem and confidence.
020 3962 1378 View 020 3962 1378
Photo of Kay Aldous - Kvcounselling, Counsellor, MBACP
Kvcounselling
Counsellor, MBACP
Street BA16
I am a professionally qualified Counsellor working with individuals face-to-face and online. I am committed to providing therapy within a confidential and safe space in which you can allow yourself to talk about your concerns, issues and difficulties, which perhaps you feel unable to share with others. These issues may include anxiety, low self-esteem, depression, relationships, bereavement, abuse, or life changing decisions.
I am a professionally qualified Counsellor working with individuals face-to-face and online. I am committed to providing therapy within a confidential and safe space in which you can allow yourself to talk about your concerns, issues and difficulties, which perhaps you feel unable to share with others. These issues may include anxiety, low self-esteem, depression, relationships, bereavement, abuse, or life changing decisions.
01458 552322 View 01458 552322
Photo of Lou Turner, Counsellor, MBACP
Lou Turner
Counsellor, MBACP
Online Only
Navigating modern life can be challenging. As an experienced therapist, I specialise in helping individuals with issues such as anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, and more. Through collaborative, evidence-based therapy, we will explore the underlying causes of your struggles and work together to build a healthier, more resilient approach to life. I believe that our experiences, both genetic and environmental, shape our unconscious “life script.” By uncovering and understanding these patterns, we gain the ability to make conscious choices that support our growth and well-being.
Navigating modern life can be challenging. As an experienced therapist, I specialise in helping individuals with issues such as anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, and more. Through collaborative, evidence-based therapy, we will explore the underlying causes of your struggles and work together to build a healthier, more resilient approach to life. I believe that our experiences, both genetic and environmental, shape our unconscious “life script.” By uncovering and understanding these patterns, we gain the ability to make conscious choices that support our growth and well-being.
01458 552335 View 01458 552335
Photo of Sharon Hewett, Counsellor, BACP
Sharon Hewett
Counsellor, BACP
2 Endorsed
Street BA16
Hi and a warm welcome! My name is Sharon and I am a fully qualified person-centred counsellor. You may find yourself in need of help and support and have gathered the courage to reach out. Well done for making this step on your therapeutic journey. I am here to listen and support you. You may find that your previous coping strategies are no longer working for you, or you may wish to work through life experiences that have negatively impacted your life. Wherever you find yourself today, I will work with you so that you can explore your obstacles and reach the outcome that you hope to achieve.
Hi and a warm welcome! My name is Sharon and I am a fully qualified person-centred counsellor. You may find yourself in need of help and support and have gathered the courage to reach out. Well done for making this step on your therapeutic journey. I am here to listen and support you. You may find that your previous coping strategies are no longer working for you, or you may wish to work through life experiences that have negatively impacted your life. Wherever you find yourself today, I will work with you so that you can explore your obstacles and reach the outcome that you hope to achieve.
01747 449816 View 01747 449816
Photo of Nicola Rhodes, Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Nicola Rhodes
Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Street BA16
During those difficult moments in our lives, receiving unconditional support, understanding and genuine care are essential components to feeling better. Whether it’s an issue from your past, a present struggle or a fear about the future, I can provide this unique support to you within the therapeutic relationship we’ll build together session by session, helping you make sense of and move forward through these struggles. If you are experiencing grief and loss, are seeking healing from past trauma or have been impacted by shame, you’ll find the therapy I provide particularly useful, exploring all you wish to bring at your pace.
During those difficult moments in our lives, receiving unconditional support, understanding and genuine care are essential components to feeling better. Whether it’s an issue from your past, a present struggle or a fear about the future, I can provide this unique support to you within the therapeutic relationship we’ll build together session by session, helping you make sense of and move forward through these struggles. If you are experiencing grief and loss, are seeking healing from past trauma or have been impacted by shame, you’ll find the therapy I provide particularly useful, exploring all you wish to bring at your pace.
020 3835 2596 View 020 3835 2596
Photo of Rose Persson - Wessex Counselling and Psychotherapy
Wessex Counselling and Psychotherapy
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Our counselling offers help in addressing the difficult areas of your life. This might involve loss and grief, relationship troubles or problems at work. Equally, there are times when the cause is not clear but you still feel something is wrong. Colleagues, family and friends can be a great source of support but it's not always easy to confide in those closest to you. At times like these, talking to someone who is not personally involved can make a difference. A professional counsellor will listen to you without making judgments and can help you find new resources within yourself.
Our counselling offers help in addressing the difficult areas of your life. This might involve loss and grief, relationship troubles or problems at work. Equally, there are times when the cause is not clear but you still feel something is wrong. Colleagues, family and friends can be a great source of support but it's not always easy to confide in those closest to you. At times like these, talking to someone who is not personally involved can make a difference. A professional counsellor will listen to you without making judgments and can help you find new resources within yourself.
01373 800048 View 01373 800048
Photo of Frankie Pittwright - Somerset Psychotherapy, Psychotherapist, BACP
Somerset Psychotherapy
Psychotherapist, BACP
Serves Area
Are you struggling to make sense of your life? Have you lost track of who you are and what you want? Do you feel angry, sad, or hurt all the time without knowing what to do about it? You might not be able to pinpoint the reasons for your struggles, but deep down, you know that continuing as you are isn’t an option. I specialise in helping people confront and overcome a variety of challenges, such as anxiety, loss, childhood trauma, and relationship difficulties. I specialise in working with people who are neurodivergent (ADHD/Autistic/Dyslexic etc) or LGBTQ+ or both!
Are you struggling to make sense of your life? Have you lost track of who you are and what you want? Do you feel angry, sad, or hurt all the time without knowing what to do about it? You might not be able to pinpoint the reasons for your struggles, but deep down, you know that continuing as you are isn’t an option. I specialise in helping people confront and overcome a variety of challenges, such as anxiety, loss, childhood trauma, and relationship difficulties. I specialise in working with people who are neurodivergent (ADHD/Autistic/Dyslexic etc) or LGBTQ+ or both!
01373 480732 View 01373 480732
Photo of Emma Louise Summers
Emma Louise Summers
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
I am a certified Play Therapy UK play therapist and play and creative arts counsellor for children and young people, offering individual sessions for children and young people aged 5 to 18 years. I work with a range of issues including anxiety, depression, ADHD, autism, bereavement, parental separation, global developmental delay, emotional and behavioural difficulties, sensory differences, attachment disorders and trauma. My sessions offer the child or young person the opportunity to explore and process difficult experiences or feelings in a safe place with a friendly, non-judgmental and empathetic adult.
I am a certified Play Therapy UK play therapist and play and creative arts counsellor for children and young people, offering individual sessions for children and young people aged 5 to 18 years. I work with a range of issues including anxiety, depression, ADHD, autism, bereavement, parental separation, global developmental delay, emotional and behavioural difficulties, sensory differences, attachment disorders and trauma. My sessions offer the child or young person the opportunity to explore and process difficult experiences or feelings in a safe place with a friendly, non-judgmental and empathetic adult.
01935 313509 View 01935 313509
Photo of Debra Welsh, Counsellor, PNCPS Acc.
Debra Welsh
Counsellor, PNCPS Acc.
1 Endorsed
Online Only
If you’re feeling overwhelmed and anxious, especially as a neurodivergent individual, and want to cope better with life's challenges, I’m here to help. I specialise in working with people navigating their emotional struggles, assisting them in unmasking their true selves and cultivating self-compassion. Together, we can create a safe space to explore your feelings and find practical strategies to bring more calmness and clarity into your life. Counselling can help with any situation that has led you to feel anxious, sad, stressed, or frustrated. It can provide a fresh perspective and help you find solutions for your worries.
If you’re feeling overwhelmed and anxious, especially as a neurodivergent individual, and want to cope better with life's challenges, I’m here to help. I specialise in working with people navigating their emotional struggles, assisting them in unmasking their true selves and cultivating self-compassion. Together, we can create a safe space to explore your feelings and find practical strategies to bring more calmness and clarity into your life. Counselling can help with any situation that has led you to feel anxious, sad, stressed, or frustrated. It can provide a fresh perspective and help you find solutions for your worries.
01278 554608 View 01278 554608
Photo of Emma Pickerill, Psychotherapist, UKCP Trainee
Emma Pickerill
Psychotherapist, UKCP Trainee
Serves Area
Through open and honest dialogue I work with you to explore your inner world and uncover the root of your struggles, ultimately helping you to find new ways of being and relating to yourself and others. My approach is to create a safe and supportive space for you to explore your thoughts, feelings and experiences. Therapy is a process where we work together to uncover the underlying patterns and beliefs that may be holding you back. By fostering self-awareness and promoting self-acceptance I help you develop a deeper understanding of yourself and your relationships.
Through open and honest dialogue I work with you to explore your inner world and uncover the root of your struggles, ultimately helping you to find new ways of being and relating to yourself and others. My approach is to create a safe and supportive space for you to explore your thoughts, feelings and experiences. Therapy is a process where we work together to uncover the underlying patterns and beliefs that may be holding you back. By fostering self-awareness and promoting self-acceptance I help you develop a deeper understanding of yourself and your relationships.
01935 312715 View 01935 312715
Photo of Mike Jackson, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Mike Jackson
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Serves Area
I’m Mike, a qualified counsellor and supervisor with extensive experience supporting adults and young people for over 10 years. I work in a person-centred way using an integrative approach, drawing on humanistic, CBT, Mindfulness, solution-focused, and creative methods. I hold a Level 5 Diploma and am an accredited member of the National Counselling & Psychotherapy Society (MNCPS Acc.). I offer face-to-face sessions in Puriton, as well as online and telephone counselling. The sessional fees are sliding scale £30–£65.
I’m Mike, a qualified counsellor and supervisor with extensive experience supporting adults and young people for over 10 years. I work in a person-centred way using an integrative approach, drawing on humanistic, CBT, Mindfulness, solution-focused, and creative methods. I hold a Level 5 Diploma and am an accredited member of the National Counselling & Psychotherapy Society (MNCPS Acc.). I offer face-to-face sessions in Puriton, as well as online and telephone counselling. The sessional fees are sliding scale £30–£65.
07555 597600 View 07555 597600
Photo of Tony Humphreys, Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, PNCPS Acc.
Tony Humphreys
Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, PNCPS Acc.
Serves Area
Before I tell a little about myself, allow me to say, well done for getting this far! I appreciate that many people become a little anxious at the prospect of an intense atmosphere in a counselling room. Thats not how I work though. My first aim is to help you relax. To see that yes, it is a 'safe and confidential environment for you to talk about anything that you want'. But there's no need for it to be a heavy and intense atmosphere either. I believe we can be practical, pragmatic and make some real changes without sacrificing empathy or compassion.
Before I tell a little about myself, allow me to say, well done for getting this far! I appreciate that many people become a little anxious at the prospect of an intense atmosphere in a counselling room. Thats not how I work though. My first aim is to help you relax. To see that yes, it is a 'safe and confidential environment for you to talk about anything that you want'. But there's no need for it to be a heavy and intense atmosphere either. I believe we can be practical, pragmatic and make some real changes without sacrificing empathy or compassion.
01749 601178 View 01749 601178
Photo of Sara Bailey, Counsellor, BACP
Sara Bailey
Counsellor, BACP
Serves Area
Every so often life throws things at us that we struggle to deal with or understand. This can be anything from the loss of a loved one to break down in relationship with family members to receiving a life changing diagnosis. It can be because of these things that we begin to question things in our everyday life and who we are. Having suffered a grief which ultimately changed the course of my life, experienced breakdowns in relationships, supported my own child through an ADHD diagnosis and not understanding how my past had affected me I understand how it feels to go through these struggles.
Every so often life throws things at us that we struggle to deal with or understand. This can be anything from the loss of a loved one to break down in relationship with family members to receiving a life changing diagnosis. It can be because of these things that we begin to question things in our everyday life and who we are. Having suffered a grief which ultimately changed the course of my life, experienced breakdowns in relationships, supported my own child through an ADHD diagnosis and not understanding how my past had affected me I understand how it feels to go through these struggles.
01278 557622 View 01278 557622
Photo of Jessica L Rewse-Davies, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Jessica L Rewse-Davies
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Serves Area
Would you like to feel less fearful, not be held back by your thoughts, to feel more at ease in yourself and with others, and experience more confidence? Maybe you'd like to better understand how past experiences may be impacting you in the present, and how to change familiar and unhelpful patterns to improve your relationships? With skilled and focused support all of this is possible! You are unique so I aim to work with your experiences in a way that is suited to you. I work with a range of issues and have a particular passion for working with anger, depressive feelings, and communication issues that impede relationships.
Would you like to feel less fearful, not be held back by your thoughts, to feel more at ease in yourself and with others, and experience more confidence? Maybe you'd like to better understand how past experiences may be impacting you in the present, and how to change familiar and unhelpful patterns to improve your relationships? With skilled and focused support all of this is possible! You are unique so I aim to work with your experiences in a way that is suited to you. I work with a range of issues and have a particular passion for working with anger, depressive feelings, and communication issues that impede relationships.
01749 608468 View 01749 608468
Photo of Debra Henderson, Counsellor, MBACP
Debra Henderson
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
For you to be reading this something in your life has become difficult and you have recognised you need to talk to someone. I am a good listener and I can help you explore the things in your life that are confusing and painful. When life becomes difficult underlying issues often come to the surface such as low self-esteem and not feeling good enough. These may be disrupting your relationships, causing you to withdraw and feel alone, or lost, depressed or anxious and overwhelmed. These are things I am able to work on with you.
For you to be reading this something in your life has become difficult and you have recognised you need to talk to someone. I am a good listener and I can help you explore the things in your life that are confusing and painful. When life becomes difficult underlying issues often come to the surface such as low self-esteem and not feeling good enough. These may be disrupting your relationships, causing you to withdraw and feel alone, or lost, depressed or anxious and overwhelmed. These are things I am able to work on with you.
01278 554070 View 01278 554070
Photo of Julie Page, Counsellor, MBACP
Julie Page
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
Hi, I'm Julie, and I am passionate about working with people who have experienced abuse or trauma, whether it be sexual, physical or emotional. When we experience trauma we lose part of who we truly are because of the after effects, such as anxiety, depression, panic attacks, flashbacks and dissociation (when we feel distanced from our emotions or ‘spaced out’, as if we’re living on autopilot). I love helping people rediscover who they really are by creating an environment in which they feel safe and completely accepted. I don't analyse you but with careful listening will know what we need to work on.
Hi, I'm Julie, and I am passionate about working with people who have experienced abuse or trauma, whether it be sexual, physical or emotional. When we experience trauma we lose part of who we truly are because of the after effects, such as anxiety, depression, panic attacks, flashbacks and dissociation (when we feel distanced from our emotions or ‘spaced out’, as if we’re living on autopilot). I love helping people rediscover who they really are by creating an environment in which they feel safe and completely accepted. I don't analyse you but with careful listening will know what we need to work on.
01458 555909 View 01458 555909
Photo of Emmelaine Leighton-McCardell, Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Emmelaine Leighton-McCardell
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Serves Area
I offer walking and talking therapy in an outdoor setting as well as online sessions. I offer a supportive and safe space to talk. I specialise in clients with neurodivergence, anxiety and mood disorders. I hold individuality and autonomy at the centre of my practice and as a result, my work is very much tailored to meet individual needwhat you need. I choose to work flexibly and without judgment, so that you can feel free to express yourself in whatever way feels most comfortable.
I offer walking and talking therapy in an outdoor setting as well as online sessions. I offer a supportive and safe space to talk. I specialise in clients with neurodivergence, anxiety and mood disorders. I hold individuality and autonomy at the centre of my practice and as a result, my work is very much tailored to meet individual needwhat you need. I choose to work flexibly and without judgment, so that you can feel free to express yourself in whatever way feels most comfortable.
01458 552285 View 01458 552285

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Dawn Daly, Counsellor, MBACP
Dawn Daly
Counsellor, MBACP
2 Endorsed
Bristol BS6
Anxiety Counsellor - I work with adults and young people (aged 11+) experiencing all types of anxiety for all kinds of reasons. Whether the cause is school or work-related stress, a relationship issue, a bereavement, pregnancy, physical ill health, a traumatic event or something else - I offer you the opportunity to become more at ease within your body and mind - freeing you up to make the changes you want to see within yourself and your life.
Anxiety Counsellor - I work with adults and young people (aged 11+) experiencing all types of anxiety for all kinds of reasons. Whether the cause is school or work-related stress, a relationship issue, a bereavement, pregnancy, physical ill health, a traumatic event or something else - I offer you the opportunity to become more at ease within your body and mind - freeing you up to make the changes you want to see within yourself and your life.
0117 456 5132 View 0117 456 5132
Photo of louise Riley, Psychotherapist, MA
louise Riley
Psychotherapist, MA
Serves Area
My name is Louise and I’m a qualified Private practitioner holding a Masters Degree in Dance Movement Psychotherapy (DMP) and Internal Family Systems Level one trained. I specialise in working with children and adults with Anxiety and anxiety related issues, medically unexplained symptoms (MUS), Trauma, Low self esteem and confidence, Loss, Attachment, Dementia, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. I’m a member of ADMP (Association of dance movement psychotherapy) whose guidelines I follow.
My name is Louise and I’m a qualified Private practitioner holding a Masters Degree in Dance Movement Psychotherapy (DMP) and Internal Family Systems Level one trained. I specialise in working with children and adults with Anxiety and anxiety related issues, medically unexplained symptoms (MUS), Trauma, Low self esteem and confidence, Loss, Attachment, Dementia, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. I’m a member of ADMP (Association of dance movement psychotherapy) whose guidelines I follow.
01404 519470 View 01404 519470
Photo of Mark Hewitson, Counsellor, MBACP
Mark Hewitson
Counsellor, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Bristol BS6
I am a person-centred therapeutic counsellor. This means working with people by supporting them in an empathic, non-judgemental way to discover within themselves where their issues lie, and to find a path to change and relief from suffering.  ​Whether the issue is general mental health, anxiety, stress, relational issues, personal problems, grief and loss, existential issues, or any other difficulties we might be suffering from. We can work together to uncover some of the deeper roots of problems and find creative solutions that are tailored to you as a person and your needs.
I am a person-centred therapeutic counsellor. This means working with people by supporting them in an empathic, non-judgemental way to discover within themselves where their issues lie, and to find a path to change and relief from suffering.  ​Whether the issue is general mental health, anxiety, stress, relational issues, personal problems, grief and loss, existential issues, or any other difficulties we might be suffering from. We can work together to uncover some of the deeper roots of problems and find creative solutions that are tailored to you as a person and your needs.
01322 952166 View 01322 952166

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in BA16

10+

Average cost per session

£50

Counsellors in BA16 who prioritize treating:

94% Relationship Issues
88% Depression
88% Anxiety
82% Self Esteem
76% Stress
65% Domestic Abuse
65% Bereavement

Average years in practice

7 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Bupa
50% Any/Out-of-network Insurance
50% Aviva

How Counsellors in BA16 see their clients

83% In Person and Online
17% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
12% Male
5% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in BA16?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.