Anxiety Counselling in East London, London

Photo of Kate Pryce, Psychologist in East London, London, England
Kate Pryce
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
East London, London E1
I am a clinical psychologist with over 10 years' experience of working in the NHS. As a clinical psychologist I am trained to provide a range of psychological therapies for many different problems. In my private practice I focus on using a form of psychological therapy called Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). Research evidence indicates that CBT can help with many difficulties which include: · Anxiety based problems including: · panic attacks · post-traumatic stress disorder · obsessive compulsive disorder · social anxiety · health anxiety · phobias · Depression and low mood · Sleep difficulties · Low self esteem · Problematic perfectionism · Eating disorders · Sleep difficulties · Anger
I am a clinical psychologist with over 10 years' experience of working in the NHS. As a clinical psychologist I am trained to provide a range of psychological therapies for many different problems. In my private practice I focus on using a form of psychological therapy called Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). Research evidence indicates that CBT can help with many difficulties which include: · Anxiety based problems including: · panic attacks · post-traumatic stress disorder · obsessive compulsive disorder · social anxiety · health anxiety · phobias · Depression and low mood · Sleep difficulties · Low self esteem · Problematic perfectionism · Eating disorders · Sleep difficulties · Anger
020 3870 3852 View 020 3870 3852
Photo of Jonathan Humphreys, Counsellor in East London, London, England
Jonathan Humphreys
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
East London, London E17
I have expertise in working with clients experiencing anxiety, depression, low self-worth, shame, bereavement, loss of meaning and major life transitions (such as illness, career change or parenthood).
I specialise in helping clients who feel stuck - in a way of being, a pattern of behaviour, a situation or with feelings they don't fully understand. I am a humanistic counsellor. Put simply, this means I work with you in a personalised, open and collaborative way, engaging deeply with your internal world. I pay close attention to what you want and help you understand, and perhaps change your relationship with, some of the obstacles that stand in your way.
I have expertise in working with clients experiencing anxiety, depression, low self-worth, shame, bereavement, loss of meaning and major life transitions (such as illness, career change or parenthood).
I specialise in helping clients who feel stuck - in a way of being, a pattern of behaviour, a situation or with feelings they don't fully understand. I am a humanistic counsellor. Put simply, this means I work with you in a personalised, open and collaborative way, engaging deeply with your internal world. I pay close attention to what you want and help you understand, and perhaps change your relationship with, some of the obstacles that stand in your way.
020 3763 1726 View 020 3763 1726
Photo of Annmarie Jean Moseley, Counsellor in East London, London, England
Annmarie Jean Moseley
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
East London, London E4
You may be feeling uncertain about relationships with others or about how to cope with life events or a bereavement. You may be fearful about the future in today's uncertain world. Stress, depression and anxiety are commonly experienced when facing family conflict, work/life balance issues, loss of a job, illness or disability. It may feel impossible to manage these new or difficult issues and to find a way forward. I will always listen and support you with whatever you are going through. I am a registered and accredited counsellor. Please visit my website: www.annmariemoseleycounselling.com
You may be feeling uncertain about relationships with others or about how to cope with life events or a bereavement. You may be fearful about the future in today's uncertain world. Stress, depression and anxiety are commonly experienced when facing family conflict, work/life balance issues, loss of a job, illness or disability. It may feel impossible to manage these new or difficult issues and to find a way forward. I will always listen and support you with whatever you are going through. I am a registered and accredited counsellor. Please visit my website: www.annmariemoseleycounselling.com
020 4538 8028 View 020 4538 8028
Photo of Joohyun Lee, Counsellor in East London, London, England
Joohyun Lee
Counsellor
Verified Verified
East London, London E14
So, you are taking that hardest first step to reach out for help. I am a qualified psychodynamic psychotherapeutic counsellor with a Master's degree in Psychodynamic Practice from the University of Oxford. I have over 10 years clinical experience in various settings, working with a wide range of issues including: • Addictive, Self-harming behaviours • Anxiety and Depression • Identity and Self-esteem • Loss and Trauma • Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) • Relationship difficulties • Sex or Sexuality related issues.
So, you are taking that hardest first step to reach out for help. I am a qualified psychodynamic psychotherapeutic counsellor with a Master's degree in Psychodynamic Practice from the University of Oxford. I have over 10 years clinical experience in various settings, working with a wide range of issues including: • Addictive, Self-harming behaviours • Anxiety and Depression • Identity and Self-esteem • Loss and Trauma • Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) • Relationship difficulties • Sex or Sexuality related issues.
020 3540 7327 View 020 3540 7327
Photo of Shivani Sidapra, Counsellor in East London, London, England
Shivani Sidapra
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
East London, London E18
Whether you are experiencing anxiety, depression, divorce, breakup, family issues or loss, counselling can be incredibly helpful and healing. We all require some support at a stage in our lives, and feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or lost is nothing to feel ashamed of, but can leave you wanting and searching for more. Helping to raise awareness of your experience in the present, I can facilitate and support your process towards developing a new unique perspective. I believe by incorporating the cognitive, physical and emotional experience, we can reach a deeper, more meaningful understanding of ourselves.
Whether you are experiencing anxiety, depression, divorce, breakup, family issues or loss, counselling can be incredibly helpful and healing. We all require some support at a stage in our lives, and feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or lost is nothing to feel ashamed of, but can leave you wanting and searching for more. Helping to raise awareness of your experience in the present, I can facilitate and support your process towards developing a new unique perspective. I believe by incorporating the cognitive, physical and emotional experience, we can reach a deeper, more meaningful understanding of ourselves.
07449 014906 View 07449 014906
Photo of Dr Kitty Clark-McGhee, Psychologist in East London, London, England
Dr Kitty Clark-McGhee
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
East London, London E9  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I specialise in individual and couples therapy for stress and anxiety, low mood and depression, grief and bereavement, relationship difficulties, and challenges at times of life transition (for example, severe illness, new parenthood, menopause, retirement).
Each one of us has times in life when we feel uncertain of how to move forward. Perhaps you’ve noticed yourself getting stuck in unhelpful patterns or cycles of behaviour and you’re finding it hard to see a way out? Or you’re experiencing difficult feelings that are getting in the way of living a more fulfilled, contented life? I work collaboratively with clients to make sense of, and work through, the challenges that have brought them to therapy, and I have witnessed profound psychological growth within my clients, as they have engaged in the often-challenging process of therapy.
I specialise in individual and couples therapy for stress and anxiety, low mood and depression, grief and bereavement, relationship difficulties, and challenges at times of life transition (for example, severe illness, new parenthood, menopause, retirement).
Each one of us has times in life when we feel uncertain of how to move forward. Perhaps you’ve noticed yourself getting stuck in unhelpful patterns or cycles of behaviour and you’re finding it hard to see a way out? Or you’re experiencing difficult feelings that are getting in the way of living a more fulfilled, contented life? I work collaboratively with clients to make sense of, and work through, the challenges that have brought them to therapy, and I have witnessed profound psychological growth within my clients, as they have engaged in the often-challenging process of therapy.
020 3835 2251 View 020 3835 2251
Photo of Charlotte Cox, Psychologist in East London, London, England
Charlotte Cox
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
East London, London E9
I have worked in therapy services for nearly 15 years and qualified as a Clinical Psychologist in 2015. During this time I have worked in a variety of settings, ranging from working with people with mild-moderate depression or anxiety to working with people who have needed care in a hospital setting. Through these experiences I have learnt how to tailor the therapy approach to suit each individual person based on their current struggles, their life stage, and their life goals. I understand how daunting it can be to ask for help and approach my work with kindness, curiosity and compassion.
I have worked in therapy services for nearly 15 years and qualified as a Clinical Psychologist in 2015. During this time I have worked in a variety of settings, ranging from working with people with mild-moderate depression or anxiety to working with people who have needed care in a hospital setting. Through these experiences I have learnt how to tailor the therapy approach to suit each individual person based on their current struggles, their life stage, and their life goals. I understand how daunting it can be to ask for help and approach my work with kindness, curiosity and compassion.
020 4538 0937 View 020 4538 0937
Photo of Naomi Twigden, Psychotherapist in East London, London, England
Naomi Twigden
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
East London, London E1
I'm Naomi. I identify as part of the LGBTQIA + community and use she/they pronouns. I trained as a therapist in Melbourne, Australia. Themes I have trained in and work with include grief, anxiety, depression, alcohol & drugs, cross-culture counselling, neurodiversity, trauma, family and relationships. I have extensive training and experience in working with young adults (18 - 35) and GSRD (gender, sexual and relationship diverse) clients. My experience includes working as a freelance psychotherapist for MIND, a university campus counsellor and as a LGBTQIA+ crisis line telephone counsellor.
I'm Naomi. I identify as part of the LGBTQIA + community and use she/they pronouns. I trained as a therapist in Melbourne, Australia. Themes I have trained in and work with include grief, anxiety, depression, alcohol & drugs, cross-culture counselling, neurodiversity, trauma, family and relationships. I have extensive training and experience in working with young adults (18 - 35) and GSRD (gender, sexual and relationship diverse) clients. My experience includes working as a freelance psychotherapist for MIND, a university campus counsellor and as a LGBTQIA+ crisis line telephone counsellor.
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Photo of Yulia Herzog, Psychotherapist in East London, London, England
Yulia Herzog
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
East London, London E2  (Online Only)
I specialise in treating issues such as anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship difficulties, and life transitions.
I am a BACP registered psychodynamic psychotherapist with a passion for helping individuals navigate the complexities of their inner worlds. I have over 10 years of experience working with adults of all ages and with people of all sexual and gender identities. My theoretical background is in Psychodynamic Psychotherapy but I work intuitively with what the client brings into the session. I offer a transpersonal and humanistic perspective and an opportunity to reflect on both past and current experiences in a secure and stable environment.
I specialise in treating issues such as anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship difficulties, and life transitions.
I am a BACP registered psychodynamic psychotherapist with a passion for helping individuals navigate the complexities of their inner worlds. I have over 10 years of experience working with adults of all ages and with people of all sexual and gender identities. My theoretical background is in Psychodynamic Psychotherapy but I work intuitively with what the client brings into the session. I offer a transpersonal and humanistic perspective and an opportunity to reflect on both past and current experiences in a secure and stable environment.
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Photo of Dr Francesca Katherine Turner, Psychiatrist in East London, London, England
Dr Francesca Katherine Turner
Psychiatrist
Verified Verified
East London, London E9
I have over 10 years of experience working with people who are finding life challenging. This may be due to emotional difficulties like depression, anxiety, OCD, PTSD, addiction difficulties or relational difficulties. Working through trauma is as the heart or what I do, this could be a single traumatic incident, or multiple challenging situations that may make you feel stuck and alone. I can help you make sense of your experiences and overcome unhelpful patterns and troubling symptoms.
I have over 10 years of experience working with people who are finding life challenging. This may be due to emotional difficulties like depression, anxiety, OCD, PTSD, addiction difficulties or relational difficulties. Working through trauma is as the heart or what I do, this could be a single traumatic incident, or multiple challenging situations that may make you feel stuck and alone. I can help you make sense of your experiences and overcome unhelpful patterns and troubling symptoms.
020 3893 2834 View 020 3893 2834
James Douglas Clague
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
East London, London E1
I can help with issues ranging from anxiety and depression to addiction and Relationship issues .
My name is Douglas Clague and I have been a practising psychotherapist in Pimlico for the past 5 years. I am committed to providing counselling and psychotherapy in a safe, confidential and non-judgemental environment. Having worked in Private practice, the NHS and institutions such as UCL I have a wide and varied experience and have worked with person of all ages with a large array of presenting problems. I work with individuals on an open-ended basis or for an agreed time period, with the aim of enabling you to enhance your life and to live it more fully.
I can help with issues ranging from anxiety and depression to addiction and Relationship issues .
My name is Douglas Clague and I have been a practising psychotherapist in Pimlico for the past 5 years. I am committed to providing counselling and psychotherapy in a safe, confidential and non-judgemental environment. Having worked in Private practice, the NHS and institutions such as UCL I have a wide and varied experience and have worked with person of all ages with a large array of presenting problems. I work with individuals on an open-ended basis or for an agreed time period, with the aim of enabling you to enhance your life and to live it more fully.
020 3962 1836 View 020 3962 1836
Photo of Abi Crossan, Counsellor in East London, London, England
Abi Crossan
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
East London, London E8
Issues often worked with: Depression, Anxiety, Work-related stress, Sexuality & Gender, Relationship issues, Self-esteem, finding meaning/feeling lost and Bereavement.
I offer long term and short term counselling either face to face or online. I work with you to explore your feelings and issues/struggles and aim to help you gain a greater sense of who you are, where you want to be and to gain self-awareness and self-acceptance. I believe the therapeutic relationship is an important one and I am committed to being alongside you in your journey to building self-confidence and helping you to resolve feelings in a safe and confidential space. Together, in a collaborative space, we will explore your experiences and what they mean to you.
Issues often worked with: Depression, Anxiety, Work-related stress, Sexuality & Gender, Relationship issues, Self-esteem, finding meaning/feeling lost and Bereavement.
I offer long term and short term counselling either face to face or online. I work with you to explore your feelings and issues/struggles and aim to help you gain a greater sense of who you are, where you want to be and to gain self-awareness and self-acceptance. I believe the therapeutic relationship is an important one and I am committed to being alongside you in your journey to building self-confidence and helping you to resolve feelings in a safe and confidential space. Together, in a collaborative space, we will explore your experiences and what they mean to you.
020 4538 4579 View 020 4538 4579
Photo of Robert Thompson, Psychotherapist in East London, London, England
Robert Thompson
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
East London, London E8
It's good to talk, but it’s better to be listened to. Carving out the space to focus on ourselves has never been more challenging. Psychotherapy is the chance to do exactly that, a place to build a relationship to safely explore where you are at and where you want to be. I am dedicated to helping you find ways forward that feel positive. I aim to support you in making decisions and to explore new possibilities where sometimes we find ourselves stuck in the same old patterns. I aim to instil confidence and help manage feelings of anxiety or low mood and to imagine a new way forward.
It's good to talk, but it’s better to be listened to. Carving out the space to focus on ourselves has never been more challenging. Psychotherapy is the chance to do exactly that, a place to build a relationship to safely explore where you are at and where you want to be. I am dedicated to helping you find ways forward that feel positive. I aim to support you in making decisions and to explore new possibilities where sometimes we find ourselves stuck in the same old patterns. I aim to instil confidence and help manage feelings of anxiety or low mood and to imagine a new way forward.
020 3974 1391 View 020 3974 1391
Photo of Bola Shonubi, Psychotherapist in East London, London, England
Bola Shonubi
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
East London, London E4
I have over 25 years experience working with individuals who have experienced PTSD, BPD, trauma, depression, child neglect, sexual abuse and anxiety. I work predominantly within the psychodynamic model of psychotherapy. This type of therapy focuses on revealing the unconscious impact that trauma and other difficulties have had and continue to have on our lives. It helps us to understand the root causes of difficult emotions, behaviours, feelings, bringing them into the conscious mind where they can be processed and understood. This helps to bring about healing and the resolution of destructive patterns of behaviours and thinking.
I have over 25 years experience working with individuals who have experienced PTSD, BPD, trauma, depression, child neglect, sexual abuse and anxiety. I work predominantly within the psychodynamic model of psychotherapy. This type of therapy focuses on revealing the unconscious impact that trauma and other difficulties have had and continue to have on our lives. It helps us to understand the root causes of difficult emotions, behaviours, feelings, bringing them into the conscious mind where they can be processed and understood. This helps to bring about healing and the resolution of destructive patterns of behaviours and thinking.
07492 882406 View 07492 882406
Photo of Silvia Melis, Counsellor in East London, London, England
Silvia Melis
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
East London, London E14
I have worked with diverse client groups facing a wide range of issues including relationship problems, sexuality, gender dysphoria trauma, sexual abuse, anxiety, depression, OCD, intrusive thoughts, gambling.
I am a qualified counsellor and a registered member of the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (MBACP). I work with adults on a one-to-one basis offering short-term and open-ended talking therapy. I use an integrative approach, which means that I draw from different models and techniques (psychodynamic, CBT and person centred) to best suit your individual needs. My aim is to help you find and change those repetitive unhelpful or destructive patterns in your behaviour and relationships, as well as providing you with a space for personal development, growth and exploration.
I have worked with diverse client groups facing a wide range of issues including relationship problems, sexuality, gender dysphoria trauma, sexual abuse, anxiety, depression, OCD, intrusive thoughts, gambling.
I am a qualified counsellor and a registered member of the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (MBACP). I work with adults on a one-to-one basis offering short-term and open-ended talking therapy. I use an integrative approach, which means that I draw from different models and techniques (psychodynamic, CBT and person centred) to best suit your individual needs. My aim is to help you find and change those repetitive unhelpful or destructive patterns in your behaviour and relationships, as well as providing you with a space for personal development, growth and exploration.
020 3871 8461 View 020 3871 8461
Photo of Henrietta Priddie, Psychotherapist in East London, London, England
Henrietta Priddie
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Verified Verified
East London, London E2
I have experience of working with clients of all ages on various issues affecting their well-being, including depression, anxiety, self-esteem, self-harm, anger, identity, body dysphoria, neurodiversity, trauma, abuse, PTSD, bereavement and loss, divorce and separation, family conflict, and fostering and adoption.
I am a UKCP-qualified integrative child, adolescent and adult psychotherapist working across a wide range of areas and interests and have over 20 years of experience working in the mental health sector. I offer a safe space to allow clients the opportunity to explore presenting issues freely and in depth. I believe that compassion, empathy and the alliance between the therapist and client are the keys to therapeutic change. I am also passionate about supporting women in their journey through life and parents struggling with the complexities of raising a child in an ever-changing world.
I have experience of working with clients of all ages on various issues affecting their well-being, including depression, anxiety, self-esteem, self-harm, anger, identity, body dysphoria, neurodiversity, trauma, abuse, PTSD, bereavement and loss, divorce and separation, family conflict, and fostering and adoption.
I am a UKCP-qualified integrative child, adolescent and adult psychotherapist working across a wide range of areas and interests and have over 20 years of experience working in the mental health sector. I offer a safe space to allow clients the opportunity to explore presenting issues freely and in depth. I believe that compassion, empathy and the alliance between the therapist and client are the keys to therapeutic change. I am also passionate about supporting women in their journey through life and parents struggling with the complexities of raising a child in an ever-changing world.
020 3987 1816 View 020 3987 1816
Photo of Susanne O'Driscoll, Psychotherapist in East London, London, England
Susanne O'Driscoll
Psychotherapist, MA, MBABCP
Verified Verified
East London, London E17
As a therapist, I specialise in providing high quality CBT and EMDR therapy. I have over 10 years of experience of supporting individuals with their mental health needs. I can support you to work through a range of issues, including Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depression, Anxiety (OCD, Social Anxiety, Health Anxiety), Anger and Adjustment disorder.
As a therapist, I specialise in providing high quality CBT and EMDR therapy. I have over 10 years of experience of supporting individuals with their mental health needs. I can support you to work through a range of issues, including Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depression, Anxiety (OCD, Social Anxiety, Health Anxiety), Anger and Adjustment disorder.
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Photo of Nick Anthony Wolstenholme, Psychotherapist in East London, London, England
Nick Anthony Wolstenholme
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Verified Verified
East London, London E2
People come to psychotherapy and counselling for many different reasons. Perhaps it is a time of crisis or difficulty when feelings have become overwhelming and difficult to share with people that you might normally. It could be that this is linked to a desire to gain a deeper self-understanding. Simply talking to the right therapist for you can provide relief. I have a wide experience of working with different conditions and situations, in particular depression, anxiety, anger and relationship issues. I work with an emphasis on facilitating your enquiry in a safe and effective way, within a supportive relationship.
People come to psychotherapy and counselling for many different reasons. Perhaps it is a time of crisis or difficulty when feelings have become overwhelming and difficult to share with people that you might normally. It could be that this is linked to a desire to gain a deeper self-understanding. Simply talking to the right therapist for you can provide relief. I have a wide experience of working with different conditions and situations, in particular depression, anxiety, anger and relationship issues. I work with an emphasis on facilitating your enquiry in a safe and effective way, within a supportive relationship.
020 4538 5537 View 020 4538 5537
Photo of Daniel McMillan, Psychotherapist in East London, London, England
Daniel McMillan
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
East London, London E18
Reaching out for help can be daunting so you have already made a positive first step. I am an experienced therapist who has helped people of all ages, genders and backgrounds overcome issues such as anxiety, depression, and anger management problems. My role is to help you understand the source of your current difficulties and find a solution.
Reaching out for help can be daunting so you have already made a positive first step. I am an experienced therapist who has helped people of all ages, genders and backgrounds overcome issues such as anxiety, depression, and anger management problems. My role is to help you understand the source of your current difficulties and find a solution.
020 8103 3875 View 020 8103 3875
Photo of Dr Sherylin Thompson, Psychologist in East London, London, England
Dr Sherylin Thompson
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
East London, London E14
anxiety, depression, loss).
Offering sessions in person in Canary Wharf as well as online therapy or a blend of face-to-face and virtual appointments. Whichever suits your circumstances. I am trained to doctoral level and recognised by leading professional organisations: The British Psychological Society (BPS), and the Health & Care Professions Council (HCPC), The British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) as well the United Kingdom Council for Psychotherapists (UKCP). I work generally with individuals facing common human struggles as well as couples seeking insight and change in their relationship.
anxiety, depression, loss).
Offering sessions in person in Canary Wharf as well as online therapy or a blend of face-to-face and virtual appointments. Whichever suits your circumstances. I am trained to doctoral level and recognised by leading professional organisations: The British Psychological Society (BPS), and the Health & Care Professions Council (HCPC), The British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) as well the United Kingdom Council for Psychotherapists (UKCP). I work generally with individuals facing common human struggles as well as couples seeking insight and change in their relationship.
020 8106 0846 View 020 8106 0846

See more therapy options for East London, London

Anxiety Counsellors

What are the most common treatments for anxiety?

Talk therapy, particularly cognitive behavioural therapy, is the most common treatment for anxiety. Studies have shown it is equally effective as medication. Other forms of therapy are popular, depending on a patient’s experience. Exposure therapy, for instance, can be useful for people dealing with fears and phobias, or who have experienced traumatic events. Dialectical Behavioural Therapy may be useful for patients who need help with emotion regulation. Anxiolytic medications, like benzodiazepines, can also help with calming a person enough to focus on the skills they’ve learned, and physical exercise has been shown to help symptoms of anxiety across the board.

How long does therapy for anxiety take to work?

The amount of time needed to alleviate symptoms depends on the severity of a person’s condition. Some therapies may take 5-20 weekly sessions to show results. Anti-depressant medications typically take two to four weeks before a benefit is felt. Anti-anxiety medications are felt typically within 20-30 minutes. Medications are best used to offer a patient a better headspace in which to work on techniques learned in therapy. Exercise, improved sleep habits, and meditation are effective, but takes weeks or months to show results.

When should I seek treatment for anxiety?

Everyone feels anxious at times, but when anxiety causes disruption to your daily life, it may be time to seek help. Such disruption can be mental, physical, or both: having fear dominate your thoughts, avoiding situations or objects that bring on feelings of anxiety, or experiencing shortness of breath, sweating, dizziness, or panic attacks. When these symptoms are recurrent and distressing, it may be time to talk to someone.

How effective is treatment for anxiety?

Treatment for anxiety has been shown to be moderately to highly effective, according to a large body of psychology studies and analyses. For some people, treatment using CBT or exposure therapy alone is effective. Others respond best to a combination of medication and therapy.