Therapists in V9C

Photo of Danielle van Schaik, Counsellor, MA, RCC, CCC
Danielle van Schaik
Counsellor, MA, RCC, CCC
4 Endorsed
Victoria, BC V9C
Even when everything seems to be going well, something can happen to shift everything off balance. We are often dealing with all kinds of stress (ex. money, family, work), and I believe that with 1:1 support we are provided freedom to explore and identify practical tools to experience relief. Some clients I see are experiencing low mood, depression, anxiety, ADHD, or other life concerns and transitions. My practice also welcomes children and youth, who I truly enjoy working with. If you feel like we might be a good fit, please feel free to reach out!
Even when everything seems to be going well, something can happen to shift everything off balance. We are often dealing with all kinds of stress (ex. money, family, work), and I believe that with 1:1 support we are provided freedom to explore and identify practical tools to experience relief. Some clients I see are experiencing low mood, depression, anxiety, ADHD, or other life concerns and transitions. My practice also welcomes children and youth, who I truly enjoy working with. If you feel like we might be a good fit, please feel free to reach out!
(506) 306-5002 View (506) 306-5002
Photo of Michelle McElroy, Counsellor, MA:CP, RCC, RSW, BCRAT, BCRPT
Michelle McElroy
Counsellor, MA:CP, RCC, RSW, BCRAT, BCRPT
1 Endorsed
Victoria, BC V9C
I work with people 3 years old to adults, who are dealing with past or present trauma with PTSD or c-PTSD symptoms. This could include flashbacks, nightmares, avoidance, anxiety, sleep problems and dissociative symptoms. I also work with depression, aggression or mood swings and disordered eating.
I work with people 3 years old to adults, who are dealing with past or present trauma with PTSD or c-PTSD symptoms. This could include flashbacks, nightmares, avoidance, anxiety, sleep problems and dissociative symptoms. I also work with depression, aggression or mood swings and disordered eating.
(289) 812-5664 View (289) 812-5664
Photo of Lisa Mitchell, Counsellor, MACP, RCC, BCRPT, SPT, AutPlay
Lisa Mitchell
Counsellor, MACP, RCC, BCRPT, SPT, AutPlay
1 Endorsed
Victoria, BC V9C
At some point, every family will face challenges. Helping families come together to work through these challenges and promote positive outcomes is my goal. As a registered clinical Counsellor (RCC), I aim to help children, youth, and their families connect in new and meaningful ways.
At some point, every family will face challenges. Helping families come together to work through these challenges and promote positive outcomes is my goal. As a registered clinical Counsellor (RCC), I aim to help children, youth, and their families connect in new and meaningful ways.
(778) 700-1283 View (778) 700-1283
Photo of Joel Kroeker, Counsellor, MA, MMT, RCC
Joel Kroeker
Counsellor, MA, MMT, RCC
Victoria, BC V9C
Are you feeling overwhelmed, lost or stuck in a holding pattern? I offer a safe supportive approach to help you explore the underlying meaning of your concerns regarding anxiety, depression, life transitions, trauma, loss of meaning, issues around spirituality and addictions. After twenty years of working with people through creativity-based processes as a workshop facilitator and now more recently as a therapist I've seen that the creative process is a living thing in the human psyche and that each of us has deep resources to help us heal. Together we'll rediscover these vital restorative resources within you.
Are you feeling overwhelmed, lost or stuck in a holding pattern? I offer a safe supportive approach to help you explore the underlying meaning of your concerns regarding anxiety, depression, life transitions, trauma, loss of meaning, issues around spirituality and addictions. After twenty years of working with people through creativity-based processes as a workshop facilitator and now more recently as a therapist I've seen that the creative process is a living thing in the human psyche and that each of us has deep resources to help us heal. Together we'll rediscover these vital restorative resources within you.
(855) 982-0960 View (855) 982-0960
Photo of Karolien Vandersmissen, Counsellor, MACP, RCC
Karolien Vandersmissen
Counsellor, MACP, RCC
Victoria, BC V9C
I provide therapy for individuals and couples who are navigating life’s challenges and want to create meaningful change. Issues rarely stand alone, but are connected to other aspects of daily life, such as our physical wellbeing, relationships, work, environmental and societal factors. I offer a judgment-free environment in which clients feel welcome, safe and heard. My approach is collaborative and holistic. Together, we explore the challenges you are facing while incorporating and developing your inner strengths and resources and finding ways to increase your control.
I provide therapy for individuals and couples who are navigating life’s challenges and want to create meaningful change. Issues rarely stand alone, but are connected to other aspects of daily life, such as our physical wellbeing, relationships, work, environmental and societal factors. I offer a judgment-free environment in which clients feel welcome, safe and heard. My approach is collaborative and holistic. Together, we explore the challenges you are facing while incorporating and developing your inner strengths and resources and finding ways to increase your control.
(548) 490-2198 View (548) 490-2198
Photo of Rachel Kjearsgaard, Counsellor, RCC, MA
Rachel Kjearsgaard
Counsellor, RCC, MA
1 Endorsed
Victoria, BC V9C
Life can be just plain hard. It can leave us with a host of emotions, good and bad. I am here to tell you there is always hope. Sometimes the bravest thing we can do is ask for help. It can be easy to feel “less than” or unworthy when you lose sight of who you are in the face of comparison. I believe it’s my role as a therapist to help cut through the distractions and false equivalencies and overall noise and build an impactful alliance with my clients that helps them recenter their perspectives and power to begin healing.
Life can be just plain hard. It can leave us with a host of emotions, good and bad. I am here to tell you there is always hope. Sometimes the bravest thing we can do is ask for help. It can be easy to feel “less than” or unworthy when you lose sight of who you are in the face of comparison. I believe it’s my role as a therapist to help cut through the distractions and false equivalencies and overall noise and build an impactful alliance with my clients that helps them recenter their perspectives and power to begin healing.
(506) 497-5666 View (506) 497-5666
Photo of John Murray, Counsellor, MA, CCC
John Murray
Counsellor, MA, CCC
Victoria, BC V9C
You may be feeling anxious, overwhelmed, disconnected, or stuck in patterns that no longer feel helpful. Maybe you’re moving through a life transition, facing relationship challenges, or sensing that something’s missing—even if things look ok on the outside. You want more clarity, steadiness, and a deeper connection to yourself and others. You may not know exactly what needs to change, only that you’re ready to feel more like yourself again. Therapy offers a space to explore, understand, and move forward with greater confidence and self-trust.
You may be feeling anxious, overwhelmed, disconnected, or stuck in patterns that no longer feel helpful. Maybe you’re moving through a life transition, facing relationship challenges, or sensing that something’s missing—even if things look ok on the outside. You want more clarity, steadiness, and a deeper connection to yourself and others. You may not know exactly what needs to change, only that you’re ready to feel more like yourself again. Therapy offers a space to explore, understand, and move forward with greater confidence and self-trust.
(431) 813-4128 View (431) 813-4128
Photo of Lorilee Keller - Womb Rise Healing, Counsellor, MEd, RCC
Womb Rise Healing
Counsellor, MEd, RCC
Victoria, BC V9C
As a registered clinical counsellor, I provide a safe and supportive space for women dealing with issues such as infertility, pregnancy loss, birth trauma, prenatal and postpartum depression and anxiety, and premenstrual dysphoric disorder. My approach involves holding space, actively listening, and providing holistic healing and emotional support. By offering a non-judgmental and compassionate environment, I empower women to share and explore their thoughts, feelings, and experiences. My goal is to help you create the opportunity to heal, grow, and find strength in your journey.
As a registered clinical counsellor, I provide a safe and supportive space for women dealing with issues such as infertility, pregnancy loss, birth trauma, prenatal and postpartum depression and anxiety, and premenstrual dysphoric disorder. My approach involves holding space, actively listening, and providing holistic healing and emotional support. By offering a non-judgmental and compassionate environment, I empower women to share and explore their thoughts, feelings, and experiences. My goal is to help you create the opportunity to heal, grow, and find strength in your journey.
(604) 229-5670 View (604) 229-5670
Photo of Ryan Marshall, Counsellor, M.A., C.C.C, CMPC
Ryan Marshall
Counsellor, M.A., C.C.C, CMPC
Victoria, BC V9C
Ryan has worked in embedded settings with the elite performers of the U.S. Special Operations community, helping those individuals and teams enhance readiness and excel under pressure in complex, high-stakes environments. In the domain of athletics, Ryan's experience spans collegiate, competitive youth levels including, high school, club, and development academies, as well as individuals across various types of sports. Ryan supports individuals in developing awareness, focus, and flexibility. Ryan helps individuals find balance between performance demands and personal well-being, to be successful on and off the field.
Ryan has worked in embedded settings with the elite performers of the U.S. Special Operations community, helping those individuals and teams enhance readiness and excel under pressure in complex, high-stakes environments. In the domain of athletics, Ryan's experience spans collegiate, competitive youth levels including, high school, club, and development academies, as well as individuals across various types of sports. Ryan supports individuals in developing awareness, focus, and flexibility. Ryan helps individuals find balance between performance demands and personal well-being, to be successful on and off the field.
(782) 819-3399 View (782) 819-3399
Photo of Katie Cross Chater, Counsellor, MC, RCC
Katie Cross Chater
Counsellor, MC, RCC
Victoria, BC V9C
Reaching out for support can be daunting and I work to make the process as easy as possible. As a relationship specialist, I support individuals, couples and families to develop meaningful, satisfying connections with themselves and others. I often support individuals and couples navigating life transitions, parenthood, infertility, pregnancy loss, responses to trauma and feelings of anxiety and depression. Whether you bring a specific concern or generally want to feel more connection and joy, I provide a compassionate space to find healing. My collaborative approach brings together my experience with your goals, hopes and needs.
Reaching out for support can be daunting and I work to make the process as easy as possible. As a relationship specialist, I support individuals, couples and families to develop meaningful, satisfying connections with themselves and others. I often support individuals and couples navigating life transitions, parenthood, infertility, pregnancy loss, responses to trauma and feelings of anxiety and depression. Whether you bring a specific concern or generally want to feel more connection and joy, I provide a compassionate space to find healing. My collaborative approach brings together my experience with your goals, hopes and needs.
(506) 300-3042 View (506) 300-3042
Photo of Steve Price, Counsellor, BEd, MCP, RCC
Steve Price
Counsellor, BEd, MCP, RCC
1 Endorsed
Victoria, BC V9C
Clients deserve to feel safe and have their emotional pain fully understood. I am adept at being able to resonate with my clients and help them feel seen. We all have such an important need to be validated.
Clients deserve to feel safe and have their emotional pain fully understood. I am adept at being able to resonate with my clients and help them feel seen. We all have such an important need to be validated.
(782) 222-8016 View (782) 222-8016
Photo of Vanessa Butler - Vanessa Butler, Registered Social Worker, MSW , BSW, RSW
Vanessa Butler
Registered Social Worker, MSW , BSW, RSW
2 Endorsed
Victoria, BC V9C
Life can be hard — and sometimes it helps to have someone walk alongside you while you make sense of why the things that once felt manageable now feel emotionally exhausting. My ideal clients are seniors, health professional's, first responders, adults and youth with ADHD who are seeking tools to manage focus, self-esteem, and daily demands. My true passion is working with older adults and those nearing end of life, as well as individuals and families navigating the profound transitions that come with aging.
Life can be hard — and sometimes it helps to have someone walk alongside you while you make sense of why the things that once felt manageable now feel emotionally exhausting. My ideal clients are seniors, health professional's, first responders, adults and youth with ADHD who are seeking tools to manage focus, self-esteem, and daily demands. My true passion is working with older adults and those nearing end of life, as well as individuals and families navigating the profound transitions that come with aging.
(778) 715-3356 View (778) 715-3356
Photo of Kelli Gherasim, Counsellor, MA, RCC, CCC
Kelli Gherasim
Counsellor, MA, RCC, CCC
2 Endorsed
Victoria, BC V9C
Kelli is a Registered Clinical Counsellor and a Canadian Certified Counsellor. She works with a wide range of youth and adult clients. Previously, Kelli worked in the helping profession and has experience working with youth and adults in mental health and addictions. Currently Kelli’s focus is on helping clients recover from anxiety, depression, trauma, disordered eating, and OCD. She uses a wide variety of treatment modalities and believes that every individual requires a unique path to recovery and healing. Schedule a free meet and greet appointment with Kelli to learn more about how she can support you.
Kelli is a Registered Clinical Counsellor and a Canadian Certified Counsellor. She works with a wide range of youth and adult clients. Previously, Kelli worked in the helping profession and has experience working with youth and adults in mental health and addictions. Currently Kelli’s focus is on helping clients recover from anxiety, depression, trauma, disordered eating, and OCD. She uses a wide variety of treatment modalities and believes that every individual requires a unique path to recovery and healing. Schedule a free meet and greet appointment with Kelli to learn more about how she can support you.
(587) 840-8757 View (587) 840-8757
Photo of Zarine Vogel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, RSW
Zarine Vogel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, RSW
Victoria, BC V9C
How well do we know ourselves and our ability to cope with life's challenges? This is a question I have assisted many people answer. My focus is to help people see their intrinsic strengths and deal with challenges in an empowered way. Having worked in the counseling field for over 30 years, has allowed me to gain a unique perspective on human resiliency. I work with individuals and couples in areas such as stress related issues, depression/anxiety, grief/loss, post-traumatic stress, career direction and cross cultural counseling.
How well do we know ourselves and our ability to cope with life's challenges? This is a question I have assisted many people answer. My focus is to help people see their intrinsic strengths and deal with challenges in an empowered way. Having worked in the counseling field for over 30 years, has allowed me to gain a unique perspective on human resiliency. I work with individuals and couples in areas such as stress related issues, depression/anxiety, grief/loss, post-traumatic stress, career direction and cross cultural counseling.
(647) 492-5403 View (647) 492-5403
Photo of Stefania Evangelista, Pre-Licensed Professional
Stefania Evangelista
Pre-Licensed Professional
Victoria, BC V9C
I am dedicated to creating a compassionate environment where individuals can explore their feelings without judgment. I emphasize the importance of mindfulness, allowing individuals to reflect on their experiences. My person-centered approach involves actively listening and adapting techniques to suit the unique needs of each individual. I value the therapeutic relationship as a collaborative journey, encouraging individuals to share their stories at their own pace. ​I look forward to supporting those who seek guidance, helping them build a foundation of safety and trust that allows for self-exploration and healing.
I am dedicated to creating a compassionate environment where individuals can explore their feelings without judgment. I emphasize the importance of mindfulness, allowing individuals to reflect on their experiences. My person-centered approach involves actively listening and adapting techniques to suit the unique needs of each individual. I value the therapeutic relationship as a collaborative journey, encouraging individuals to share their stories at their own pace. ​I look forward to supporting those who seek guidance, helping them build a foundation of safety and trust that allows for self-exploration and healing.
(438) 805-6578 View (438) 805-6578
Photo of JoAnn Hill, Counsellor
JoAnn Hill
Counsellor
2 Endorsed
Victoria, BC V9C
You don't have to go through it alone. Hi, I’m a Registered Clinical Counsellor who believes in meeting you exactly where you’re at. My approach is person-centred, blending different counselling styles to fit your unique needs. As a Somatic Experiencing Practitioner, I help you reconnect with your body, release stress, and heal from life’s challenges. I work with adults and children, creating a safe, compassionate space to explore, grow, and build resilience. Wherever you are in your journey, I’m here to walk alongside you.
You don't have to go through it alone. Hi, I’m a Registered Clinical Counsellor who believes in meeting you exactly where you’re at. My approach is person-centred, blending different counselling styles to fit your unique needs. As a Somatic Experiencing Practitioner, I help you reconnect with your body, release stress, and heal from life’s challenges. I work with adults and children, creating a safe, compassionate space to explore, grow, and build resilience. Wherever you are in your journey, I’m here to walk alongside you.
(506) 502-5491 View (506) 502-5491
Photo of Lycia Rodrigues, Counsellor, RCC
Lycia Rodrigues
Counsellor, RCC
1 Endorsed
Victoria, BC V9C
For more than a decade, I’ve had the privilege of walking alongside women navigating moments of change, loss, and rediscovery. My work is guided by empathy, compassion, and deep respect for each person’s story. I offer counselling for women facing burnout, anxiety, depression, infertility, motherhood challenges, grief, and identity transitions. I also support family caregivers and immigrant women who are rebuilding their sense of belonging in a new place. In my sessions, you’ll find a space of safety and reflection, a place where you can breathe, explore, and reconnect with yourself.
For more than a decade, I’ve had the privilege of walking alongside women navigating moments of change, loss, and rediscovery. My work is guided by empathy, compassion, and deep respect for each person’s story. I offer counselling for women facing burnout, anxiety, depression, infertility, motherhood challenges, grief, and identity transitions. I also support family caregivers and immigrant women who are rebuilding their sense of belonging in a new place. In my sessions, you’ll find a space of safety and reflection, a place where you can breathe, explore, and reconnect with yourself.
(867) 675-5460 View (867) 675-5460
Photo of Nadine Weis, Counsellor, MA, RCC
Nadine Weis
Counsellor, MA, RCC
Victoria, BC V9C
Welcome to my private practice in the Westshore! I help ordinary human beings deal with everyday struggles in order to live a more fulfilling life. You may be struggling with relationship stress, anxiety, a life transition, depression, or wanting to improve your physical health and wellness. Whatever you are going through, my specialty lies in hearing and understanding your unique story, meeting you where you are, and helping you get to where you want to be in your life!
Welcome to my private practice in the Westshore! I help ordinary human beings deal with everyday struggles in order to live a more fulfilling life. You may be struggling with relationship stress, anxiety, a life transition, depression, or wanting to improve your physical health and wellness. Whatever you are going through, my specialty lies in hearing and understanding your unique story, meeting you where you are, and helping you get to where you want to be in your life!
(587) 742-7172 View (587) 742-7172
Photo of Kate Davison, Board Certified Behavior Analyst, BCaBA
Kate Davison
Board Certified Behavior Analyst, BCaBA
Victoria, BC V9C
I love working with children of all ages. I have been working with children with Autism for over 17 years now; first as an interventionist and now as a Behaviour Consultant. Whether it's working on self help skills, acedemic skills or social skills, I work hard with ASD clients and their families to help them reach their fullest potential through a fun, play based therapy. I like my clients to feel comfortable with me so I like to play games and make them laugh a lot. Sometimes they don't even realise that I'm teaching specific skills. Please feel free to reach out, I would love to hear from you.
I love working with children of all ages. I have been working with children with Autism for over 17 years now; first as an interventionist and now as a Behaviour Consultant. Whether it's working on self help skills, acedemic skills or social skills, I work hard with ASD clients and their families to help them reach their fullest potential through a fun, play based therapy. I like my clients to feel comfortable with me so I like to play games and make them laugh a lot. Sometimes they don't even realise that I'm teaching specific skills. Please feel free to reach out, I would love to hear from you.
(548) 761-2066 View (548) 761-2066
Photo of Kathleen Krznaric, Counsellor, MACP, RCC, IMHAPDD, BA
Kathleen Krznaric
Counsellor, MACP, RCC, IMHAPDD, BA
2 Endorsed
Victoria, BC V9C
Parenting, family dynamics, and relationships can be hard, but you are not alone. I work with individuals, couples, parents, and good kids experiencing a tough time who are looking to build confidence and skills. There are often big emotions, feelings of being overwhelmed, hopeless, burnt out, anxious, stressed, and disconnected. You may be looking to explore new ways of communicating, responding, and doing things. You want to find balance, calmer days, feel more in control of emotions, and create a more peaceful, tuned-in home, and empowered, confident self. I am here to help.
Parenting, family dynamics, and relationships can be hard, but you are not alone. I work with individuals, couples, parents, and good kids experiencing a tough time who are looking to build confidence and skills. There are often big emotions, feelings of being overwhelmed, hopeless, burnt out, anxious, stressed, and disconnected. You may be looking to explore new ways of communicating, responding, and doing things. You want to find balance, calmer days, feel more in control of emotions, and create a more peaceful, tuned-in home, and empowered, confident self. I am here to help.
(343) 321-5785 View (343) 321-5785

See more therapy options for V9C

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in V9C

40+

Average cost per session

$150

Counsellors in V9C who prioritize treating:

81% Depression
81% Anxiety
74% Trauma and PTSD
71% Self Esteem
62% Relationship Issues
62% Stress
57% Grief

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

53% CVAP | Crime Victim
47% Green Shield Canada
47% Canada Life | Great-West Life

How Counsellors in V9C see their clients

71% In Person and Online
29% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
17% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in V9C?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postal code, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postal code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Most Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are certified by one of the main professional associations, mainly the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association (CCPA), and will have a Certified Canadian Counsellor (CCC) designation with their name. Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered members of the college specific to their province. To be listed in the directory, Psychologists must be registered with the psychological college specific to their province or territory.

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given the considerable variation in professional regulation and prerequisites across Canadian provinces, some providers may possess significant professional qualifications without necessarily holding professional memberships or being obliged to acquire them. As a result, they may be selectively included without the "Verified" seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors, psychotherapists and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in Canada.

Psychologists have a master's and/or doctoral degree and have passed both written and oral exams. Psychologists are able to complete mental health assessments and provide diagnostic information to clients as well as provide counselling therapy or psychotherapy. Counsellors and psychotherapists are expected to have a master's or doctoral degree in counselling psychology, social work, or a related mental health discipline and certification by a professional association, such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association. Registered Social Workers possess a Bachelor's or Master's degree in Social Work and where possible must be licensed or certified by the provincial government and/or regulatory college.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Canada could be between $100 and $200. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. Some types of outpatient mental health services are covered by Medicare, provided these are performed by a licensed mental health professional in the provinces or territory you reside in and who accepts the assignment.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postal code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Professionals licensed by regulatory colleges and those certified by associations such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association are obligated to uphold client confidentiality unless there is a legal reason that requires them to disclose information. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others, or a court order, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.