Therapists in V4B

Photo of Arlene Marlo Geres - Arlene Geres Counselling Services, Counsellor, MA, RCC
Arlene Geres Counselling Services
Counsellor, MA, RCC
1 Endorsed
White Rock, BC V4B
You do not need to suffer one second longer! I was once crippled by grief, depression and anxiety. I found the path to freedom, and now live a joyful life full of love and laughter. I offer a mature perspective shaped by years of experience gleaned from my own emotional growth as well as that of my clients. I continue to grow and study healing modalities such as mindfulness, meditation, CBT, tapping, as well as the power of self compassion, attachment and spirituality through courses, conferences and literary research. My greatest joy is guiding others onto their own path of joy, love and laughter. I look forward to meeting you!
You do not need to suffer one second longer! I was once crippled by grief, depression and anxiety. I found the path to freedom, and now live a joyful life full of love and laughter. I offer a mature perspective shaped by years of experience gleaned from my own emotional growth as well as that of my clients. I continue to grow and study healing modalities such as mindfulness, meditation, CBT, tapping, as well as the power of self compassion, attachment and spirituality through courses, conferences and literary research. My greatest joy is guiding others onto their own path of joy, love and laughter. I look forward to meeting you!
(867) 992-1213 View (867) 992-1213
Photo of Vivian Tsai, Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Vivian Tsai
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
1 Endorsed
White Rock, BC V4B
Vivian Tsai is a registered social worker providing both in-person and virtual counselling services to individuals and families. With extensive experience and specialized training, Vivian supports clients facing a variety of life challenges, including healing from past trauma. She employs evidence-based therapeutic approaches such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Narrative Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), and Solution-Focused Therapy. Vivian is also trained in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). Her practice is grounded in delivering personalized, respectful, and client-centered care.
Vivian Tsai is a registered social worker providing both in-person and virtual counselling services to individuals and families. With extensive experience and specialized training, Vivian supports clients facing a variety of life challenges, including healing from past trauma. She employs evidence-based therapeutic approaches such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Narrative Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), and Solution-Focused Therapy. Vivian is also trained in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). Her practice is grounded in delivering personalized, respectful, and client-centered care.
(587) 326-6449 View (587) 326-6449
Photo of Leigh Alexandra Kankewitt, Counsellor, MC, RCC
Leigh Alexandra Kankewitt
Counsellor, MC, RCC
1 Endorsed
White Rock, BC V4B
I support individuals and families navigating the many shapes of grief and loss - from death and illness to non-death losses such as family estrangement, aging, and the major life transitions that change how we understand ourselves and the world around us. My approach is rooted in compassion and respect for each person's unique experience with loss.
I support individuals and families navigating the many shapes of grief and loss - from death and illness to non-death losses such as family estrangement, aging, and the major life transitions that change how we understand ourselves and the world around us. My approach is rooted in compassion and respect for each person's unique experience with loss.
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Photo of Debi Shannon - Debi Shannon Counselling & Consulting, Counsellor, MCP, RCC
We all have a fundamental need to connect and to be heard. I believe sharing our struggles and pain is often the first step towards healing. I provide a compassionate and safe space to support clients as they navigate life transitions, immediate and ongoing concerns, and personal growth. You don't have to do it alone. Together we will explore ways to harness your courage for change and work collaboratively, using your strengths, insights and life experiences to fulfill your goals. I am an optimist and believe change is possible at any stage of life. I'm here to help.
We all have a fundamental need to connect and to be heard. I believe sharing our struggles and pain is often the first step towards healing. I provide a compassionate and safe space to support clients as they navigate life transitions, immediate and ongoing concerns, and personal growth. You don't have to do it alone. Together we will explore ways to harness your courage for change and work collaboratively, using your strengths, insights and life experiences to fulfill your goals. I am an optimist and believe change is possible at any stage of life. I'm here to help.
(778) 764-1370 View (778) 764-1370
Photo of Maha Sarraf, Counsellor, MA, MEd, RPC-C, RTC
Maha Sarraf
Counsellor, MA, MEd, RPC-C, RTC
2 Endorsed
White Rock, BC V4B
Maha has a gentle, nurturing and collaborative approach in her work. She is skilled at holding a safe space for her clients—ensuring she meets them where they are. Maha strives to create real and deep relationships built on trust and safety. She does that by helping clients understand and become aware of their patterns. Maha helps clients gently dig into the layers of the past, shedding light, acceptance and understanding of self. Maha works with individuals and couples to improve the relationships in their life.
Maha has a gentle, nurturing and collaborative approach in her work. She is skilled at holding a safe space for her clients—ensuring she meets them where they are. Maha strives to create real and deep relationships built on trust and safety. She does that by helping clients understand and become aware of their patterns. Maha helps clients gently dig into the layers of the past, shedding light, acceptance and understanding of self. Maha works with individuals and couples to improve the relationships in their life.
(450) 915-5376 View (450) 915-5376
Photo of John Zak, Counsellor, MAMFT, RCC
John Zak
Counsellor, MAMFT, RCC
4 Endorsed
White Rock, BC V4B
Let me guess, there's a part of you that wants to try out counselling and another that is skeptical of whether it will work. Perhaps you tried it before and it seemed like a waste of time and money. As a skeptic myself, I'm amazed at the inner healing I've experienced after finding the right counsellor! As a trained trauma therapist, my aim is to connect with you on a deep level so you can feel safe, seen and secure in each session. Together, we can come up with a plan to achieve your goals and work through your deepest issues, whether that be unresolved PTSD, trauma, addiction, grief, anxiety, or depression.
Let me guess, there's a part of you that wants to try out counselling and another that is skeptical of whether it will work. Perhaps you tried it before and it seemed like a waste of time and money. As a skeptic myself, I'm amazed at the inner healing I've experienced after finding the right counsellor! As a trained trauma therapist, my aim is to connect with you on a deep level so you can feel safe, seen and secure in each session. Together, we can come up with a plan to achieve your goals and work through your deepest issues, whether that be unresolved PTSD, trauma, addiction, grief, anxiety, or depression.
(289) 301-7601 View (289) 301-7601
Photo of Leslie Breaks, Counsellor, RPC-C
Leslie Breaks
Counsellor, RPC-C
White Rock, BC V4B
I help clients seek balance and understanding in their lives. I specialize in working with individual adults that are struggling with anxiety, anger management, communication skills, grief, loss, self-esteem, nutrition, trauma and relationships.
I help clients seek balance and understanding in their lives. I specialize in working with individual adults that are struggling with anxiety, anger management, communication skills, grief, loss, self-esteem, nutrition, trauma and relationships.
(306) 900-4697 View (306) 900-4697
Photo of Tracy M Tillapaugh, Counsellor, BED, BA, MA
Tracy M Tillapaugh
Counsellor, BED, BA, MA
White Rock, BC V4B
When you notice there is something getting in the way of living your best life, remember that the “obstacle is the way”. This means that the way to the life you want is through this difficulty, which can become an entryway into more of what you want. I am here to help you move through obstacles until they become the way towards your best life. My goal as a therapist is to help people live a more balanced and connected life. I’m in my element as I create a safe, welcoming, and non-judgmental counseling environment, where people can explore the complexities of their lives. I work with clients from a holistic perspective.
When you notice there is something getting in the way of living your best life, remember that the “obstacle is the way”. This means that the way to the life you want is through this difficulty, which can become an entryway into more of what you want. I am here to help you move through obstacles until they become the way towards your best life. My goal as a therapist is to help people live a more balanced and connected life. I’m in my element as I create a safe, welcoming, and non-judgmental counseling environment, where people can explore the complexities of their lives. I work with clients from a holistic perspective.
(587) 818-6320 View (587) 818-6320
Photo of Laura Hamilton, Registered Clinical Counsellor, MEd , RCC
Laura Hamilton
Registered Clinical Counsellor, MEd , RCC
White Rock, BC V4B
I specialize in teens and young adults but welcome any clients over the age of 13. The adolescent years into early adulthood are full of changes and challenges that can be hard to navigate and often feel confusing. Dynamics can shift within families, friendship groups, and within us. These are the years where you begin to reshape and solidify your identity and values, and this can feel both exciting and overwhelming. I offer an objective point of view that encourages clients to consider different perspectives which helps them learn to become more self-aware, compassionate towards others and themselves and more resilient.
I specialize in teens and young adults but welcome any clients over the age of 13. The adolescent years into early adulthood are full of changes and challenges that can be hard to navigate and often feel confusing. Dynamics can shift within families, friendship groups, and within us. These are the years where you begin to reshape and solidify your identity and values, and this can feel both exciting and overwhelming. I offer an objective point of view that encourages clients to consider different perspectives which helps them learn to become more self-aware, compassionate towards others and themselves and more resilient.
(587) 570-9615 View (587) 570-9615
Photo of Aimee Siviter, Counsellor, MA, BEd
Aimee Siviter
Counsellor, MA, BEd
3 Endorsed
White Rock, BC V4B
Hello, my name is Aimee, and it would be my honour to support you on your healing journey. I am a licensed counsellor in South Surrey, BC that works from a wellness-based perspective, believing that creating a sense of empowerment and self-awareness are some of the ultimate goals for therapy. I believe that we all deserve to find a place where we can learn about ourselves in a space that is open and safe. Through this journey we can learn how to best support the parts of us that deserve to be loved, forgiven, and understood.
Hello, my name is Aimee, and it would be my honour to support you on your healing journey. I am a licensed counsellor in South Surrey, BC that works from a wellness-based perspective, believing that creating a sense of empowerment and self-awareness are some of the ultimate goals for therapy. I believe that we all deserve to find a place where we can learn about ourselves in a space that is open and safe. Through this journey we can learn how to best support the parts of us that deserve to be loved, forgiven, and understood.
(249) 544-0246 View (249) 544-0246
Photo of Nishi Banipal - White Rock Wellness Clinic, Counsellor, MEd, RCC, ACS-C
White Rock Wellness Clinic
Counsellor, MEd, RCC, ACS-C
White Rock, BC V4B
Sometimes we find it challenging to articulate what we are struggling with, but find that each day just doesn't bring the joy we are looking for. I hope to provide a safe, non-judgmental space, that will allow you to explore your thoughts and feelings. Therapy can provide insight and understanding into many of life’s experiences. I work closely with my clients to learn how they understand themselves. We then create a plan together so they are able to find the joy they are looking for.
Sometimes we find it challenging to articulate what we are struggling with, but find that each day just doesn't bring the joy we are looking for. I hope to provide a safe, non-judgmental space, that will allow you to explore your thoughts and feelings. Therapy can provide insight and understanding into many of life’s experiences. I work closely with my clients to learn how they understand themselves. We then create a plan together so they are able to find the joy they are looking for.
(778) 860-5750 View (778) 860-5750
Photo of Robert Bruce McLeod, Counsellor, MPCC
Robert Bruce McLeod
Counsellor, MPCC
White Rock, BC V4B
Many of my clients come from backgrounds of invalidation and trauma. They experience intense emotions and emotional dysregulation. I help clients learn more effective coping strategies and how to be more mindful, aware deliberate and intentional in their lives.
Many of my clients come from backgrounds of invalidation and trauma. They experience intense emotions and emotional dysregulation. I help clients learn more effective coping strategies and how to be more mindful, aware deliberate and intentional in their lives.
(639) 392-0290 View (639) 392-0290
Photo of Lorill Drummund, Counsellor, MEd, RCC, EFTcert, EMDR
Lorill Drummund
Counsellor, MEd, RCC, EFTcert, EMDR
White Rock, BC V4B
Do you and your partner get stuck in repetitive arguments, where neither one of you feels heard or understood? You both end up frustrated and hurt, but you still love each other. Are you struggling to keep your marriage together after an infidelity or some other betrayal? There may be nothing obviously wrong in your marriage, but you feel lonely and disconnected. Are you troubled by traumatic memories of assault or childhood abuse? Are you still grieving long after the loss of a loved one?
Do you and your partner get stuck in repetitive arguments, where neither one of you feels heard or understood? You both end up frustrated and hurt, but you still love each other. Are you struggling to keep your marriage together after an infidelity or some other betrayal? There may be nothing obviously wrong in your marriage, but you feel lonely and disconnected. Are you troubled by traumatic memories of assault or childhood abuse? Are you still grieving long after the loss of a loved one?
(604) 880-7416 View (604) 880-7416
Photo of Jermaine Kemp - Jermaine Kemp - Speakhopejk, Counsellor, MS, RCC, EMDR
Jermaine Kemp - Speakhopejk
Counsellor, MS, RCC, EMDR
4 Endorsed
Surrey, BC V4B
When my clients say, “I’m tired of holding it all together,” I get it. Life feels heavy sometimes—stress, anxiety, or past pain can take over. I’m Jermaine Kemp, and I help people rewrite their story with confidence and clarity. At SpeakHope Counselling, I use a trauma-informed, strengths-based approach, including EMDR and talk therapy. Your emotional safety comes first. One small step can lead to big change. Why not you? Why not now?
When my clients say, “I’m tired of holding it all together,” I get it. Life feels heavy sometimes—stress, anxiety, or past pain can take over. I’m Jermaine Kemp, and I help people rewrite their story with confidence and clarity. At SpeakHope Counselling, I use a trauma-informed, strengths-based approach, including EMDR and talk therapy. Your emotional safety comes first. One small step can lead to big change. Why not you? Why not now?
(587) 608-5803 View (587) 608-5803
Photo of Karen Reilly, Counsellor, EdD, MSc, RCC
Karen Reilly
Counsellor, EdD, MSc, RCC
1 Endorsed
White Rock, BC V4B
Dr. Karen Reilly is a Registered Clinical Counsellor who brings warmth, empathy and over 30 years of experience to help you improve relationships, reduce anxiety or depression, cope with loss, and manage major life transitions. Counselling is a place to build on your strengths and find solutions to the many challenges you face every day. It is also a place to be truly heard in a compassionate and nonjudgmental environment. People come for so many reasons, but often the most pressing is an overwhelming sense of unhappiness with the life they are living. I can help you find a way to live the life you truly want to live.
Dr. Karen Reilly is a Registered Clinical Counsellor who brings warmth, empathy and over 30 years of experience to help you improve relationships, reduce anxiety or depression, cope with loss, and manage major life transitions. Counselling is a place to build on your strengths and find solutions to the many challenges you face every day. It is also a place to be truly heard in a compassionate and nonjudgmental environment. People come for so many reasons, but often the most pressing is an overwhelming sense of unhappiness with the life they are living. I can help you find a way to live the life you truly want to live.
(343) 312-7494 View (343) 312-7494
Photo of Penney J. Hartsen - Hartsen Counselling, Registered Social Worker, MSW, RCSW
Hartsen Counselling
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RCSW
1 Endorsed
White Rock, BC V4B
Do you value relationships and feel you would like to be more confident in yourself? Our challenges can be our greatest teachers but they may feel overwhelming when we try to face them alone, especially if we have suffered through trauma. If you have emotional injuries in need of healing or a relationship you wish to bring closer, by exploring these issues we may uncover hidden resources and new possibilities. We may work through unconscious beliefs or hidden traumas along the way. By supporting ourselves in new ways, we can free ourselves from old fears and become more of who we truly are.
Do you value relationships and feel you would like to be more confident in yourself? Our challenges can be our greatest teachers but they may feel overwhelming when we try to face them alone, especially if we have suffered through trauma. If you have emotional injuries in need of healing or a relationship you wish to bring closer, by exploring these issues we may uncover hidden resources and new possibilities. We may work through unconscious beliefs or hidden traumas along the way. By supporting ourselves in new ways, we can free ourselves from old fears and become more of who we truly are.
(778) 760-4285 View (778) 760-4285
Photo of Amy Wasney - Strive to Thrive Counselling & Wellness, Counsellor, RPC
Everyone has a story. ​Your life experiences shape who you are, but they do not have to define who you will become. I believe that change is possible at any stage of life. My role as your therapist is to listen deeply to your story—on your terms, at your pace, in a space where you feel heard & supported.​​​ Together, we can work through the challenges & roadblocks that are standing in the way of your personal growth. Whether you’re navigating life transitions, dealing with stress, facing relationship struggles, or seeking personal development, I am here to support you as you uncover your inner strength & move toward your goals.
Everyone has a story. ​Your life experiences shape who you are, but they do not have to define who you will become. I believe that change is possible at any stage of life. My role as your therapist is to listen deeply to your story—on your terms, at your pace, in a space where you feel heard & supported.​​​ Together, we can work through the challenges & roadblocks that are standing in the way of your personal growth. Whether you’re navigating life transitions, dealing with stress, facing relationship struggles, or seeking personal development, I am here to support you as you uncover your inner strength & move toward your goals.
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Photo of Jennifer Vauthrin - Soulutions Counselling, Counsellor, MA, MPCC, RPC
Soulutions Counselling
Counsellor, MA, MPCC, RPC
White Rock, BC V4B
Compassionate Counselling for Healing and Growth I offer counselling with a compassionate, body-centered approach to help clients heal from trauma, stress, anxiety, and life challenges. Whether you’re recovering from an ICBC injury, navigating Workers’ Compensation, or receiving support through WorkBC or CVAP, I provide a holistic path toward emotional and physical recovery. Together, we’ll work to release stored tension, address underlying trauma, and restore balance to both body and mind—helping you move forward with greater resilience, clarity, and well-being.
Compassionate Counselling for Healing and Growth I offer counselling with a compassionate, body-centered approach to help clients heal from trauma, stress, anxiety, and life challenges. Whether you’re recovering from an ICBC injury, navigating Workers’ Compensation, or receiving support through WorkBC or CVAP, I provide a holistic path toward emotional and physical recovery. Together, we’ll work to release stored tension, address underlying trauma, and restore balance to both body and mind—helping you move forward with greater resilience, clarity, and well-being.
(604) 330-0749 View (604) 330-0749
Photo of Lorraine Hall, Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Lorraine Hall
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
1 Endorsed
White Rock, BC V4B
Whatever hardship, trauma or pain has happened in your life, your journey has brought you to this point along your life path. I believe all of us have an “inner healer” somewhere inside that is always endeavoring to heal itself which is why you are now seeking help. All of your highs and lows, twists and turns and acting out behaviours have been trying to fix something inside that feels broken. I will encourage you to extend the most generous possible interpretations to your words, intentions and actions. My approach is designed to provide the healing environment that is needed for the next steps on your journey. www.lorrainehall.ca
Whatever hardship, trauma or pain has happened in your life, your journey has brought you to this point along your life path. I believe all of us have an “inner healer” somewhere inside that is always endeavoring to heal itself which is why you are now seeking help. All of your highs and lows, twists and turns and acting out behaviours have been trying to fix something inside that feels broken. I will encourage you to extend the most generous possible interpretations to your words, intentions and actions. My approach is designed to provide the healing environment that is needed for the next steps on your journey. www.lorrainehall.ca
(819) 414-5531 View (819) 414-5531
Photo of Lola Opacic Lunot - Nirvana Counselling Lounge - Lola Opacic Lunot, Registered Social Worker
I am a Registered Social Worker with nearly 20 years of experience in the field. Currently, I work in Inpatient Psychiatry at a local hospital while also maintaining a private practice. I specialize in supporting individuals living with mental illness and addiction, as well as providing support to their family members. I bring extensive knowledge and expertise across a broad range of areas, including grief and loss, spousal conflict and abuse, child abuse, working with young adults, and parenting. I am especially passionate about supporting new blended families and guiding my clients toward achieving lasting family harmony.
I am a Registered Social Worker with nearly 20 years of experience in the field. Currently, I work in Inpatient Psychiatry at a local hospital while also maintaining a private practice. I specialize in supporting individuals living with mental illness and addiction, as well as providing support to their family members. I bring extensive knowledge and expertise across a broad range of areas, including grief and loss, spousal conflict and abuse, child abuse, working with young adults, and parenting. I am especially passionate about supporting new blended families and guiding my clients toward achieving lasting family harmony.
(581) 333-7252 View (581) 333-7252

See more therapy options for V4B

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in V4B

100+

Average cost per session

$150

Counsellors in V4B who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
85% Depression
82% Stress
80% Relationship Issues
77% Trauma and PTSD
77% Self Esteem
74% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

67% SunLife
63% Pacific Blue Cross
61% Manulife

How Counsellors in V4B see their clients

80% In Person and Online
20% Online Only

Gender breakdown

87% Female
12% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in V4B?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postal code, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postal code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Most Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are certified by one of the main professional associations, mainly the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association (CCPA), and will have a Certified Canadian Counsellor (CCC) designation with their name. Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered members of the college specific to their province. To be listed in the directory, Psychologists must be registered with the psychological college specific to their province or territory.

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given the considerable variation in professional regulation and prerequisites across Canadian provinces, some providers may possess significant professional qualifications without necessarily holding professional memberships or being obliged to acquire them. As a result, they may be selectively included without the "Verified" seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors, psychotherapists and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in Canada.

Psychologists have a master's and/or doctoral degree and have passed both written and oral exams. Psychologists are able to complete mental health assessments and provide diagnostic information to clients as well as provide counselling therapy or psychotherapy. Counsellors and psychotherapists are expected to have a master's or doctoral degree in counselling psychology, social work, or a related mental health discipline and certification by a professional association, such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association. Registered Social Workers possess a Bachelor's or Master's degree in Social Work and where possible must be licensed or certified by the provincial government and/or regulatory college.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Canada could be between $100 and $200. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. Some types of outpatient mental health services are covered by Medicare, provided these are performed by a licensed mental health professional in the provinces or territory you reside in and who accepts the assignment.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postal code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Professionals licensed by regulatory colleges and those certified by associations such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association are obligated to uphold client confidentiality unless there is a legal reason that requires them to disclose information. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others, or a court order, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.