Therapists in Vancouver, BC

View neighborhoods in Vancouver
Photo of Alex C Curtis, Counsellor in Vancouver, BC
Alex C Curtis
Counsellor, MCP, RCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, BC V6B  (Online Only)
You can expect me to be high energy, bubbly and talkative. I am definitely not a quiet therapist! If you are experiencing difficult relationship and familial dynamics, self-worth, or trauma, I think we would be a great fit! I am known for providing a relaxed environment so we can get deep into the root of the problem so you can experience profound healing. I have a very practical approach to therapy and often provide tangible tools that can be used in everyday life. I use my intuition which makes it easy for me to pick up on your energy and connect with my clients.
You can expect me to be high energy, bubbly and talkative. I am definitely not a quiet therapist! If you are experiencing difficult relationship and familial dynamics, self-worth, or trauma, I think we would be a great fit! I am known for providing a relaxed environment so we can get deep into the root of the problem so you can experience profound healing. I have a very practical approach to therapy and often provide tangible tools that can be used in everyday life. I use my intuition which makes it easy for me to pick up on your energy and connect with my clients.
(705) 996-4930 View (705) 996-4930
Photo of Ross Stogryn, Counsellor in Vancouver, BC
Ross Stogryn
Counsellor, MEd, RCC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, BC V6E  (Online Only)
I am a Registered Clinical Counsellor & the Owner/Director of Affirmation Wellness. I hold a Master’s of Education in Counselling Psychology from the University of BC & am a member in good standing with the BC Association of Clinical Counsellors. I've spent my career serving & supporting diverse populations of youth to elder clients in higher education, community non-profit & private practice settings. I also work extensively with the 2SLGBTQI+ community. In this role, I've gained experience supporting & working with people through stress, identity/sexuality concerns, depression, grief/loss, anxiety, trauma & relationship conflict.
I am a Registered Clinical Counsellor & the Owner/Director of Affirmation Wellness. I hold a Master’s of Education in Counselling Psychology from the University of BC & am a member in good standing with the BC Association of Clinical Counsellors. I've spent my career serving & supporting diverse populations of youth to elder clients in higher education, community non-profit & private practice settings. I also work extensively with the 2SLGBTQI+ community. In this role, I've gained experience supporting & working with people through stress, identity/sexuality concerns, depression, grief/loss, anxiety, trauma & relationship conflict.
(604) 239-0957 View (604) 239-0957
Photo of Andrea Barrowclough Counselling, Counsellor in Vancouver, BC
Andrea Barrowclough Counselling
Counsellor, MACP, RCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, BC V6Z  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I am a Registered Clinical Counsellor with over 20 years experience working with children, youth and adults in frontline and clinical settings offering individual, couple, and family counselling as well as coaching and consultation for parents and caregivers. I also bring my personal journey to my practice. I work collaboratively in exploring and understanding individuals, as well as developing a plan that is person centered.
I am a Registered Clinical Counsellor with over 20 years experience working with children, youth and adults in frontline and clinical settings offering individual, couple, and family counselling as well as coaching and consultation for parents and caregivers. I also bring my personal journey to my practice. I work collaboratively in exploring and understanding individuals, as well as developing a plan that is person centered.
View
Photo of Sean A Szutka, Counsellor in Vancouver, BC
Sean A Szutka
Counsellor, RPC-C
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Vancouver, BC V6B
Do you want to know yourself better? To know why you respond the way you do to certain life events? Do you feel the urge to better align your values to your actions? If you are self-responsible but also consider the needs of others, are someone that acknowledges that your actions affect others the way that others’ behaviour affects you, then we may find working together to be beneficial.
Do you want to know yourself better? To know why you respond the way you do to certain life events? Do you feel the urge to better align your values to your actions? If you are self-responsible but also consider the needs of others, are someone that acknowledges that your actions affect others the way that others’ behaviour affects you, then we may find working together to be beneficial.
(867) 794-4574 View (867) 794-4574
Photo of Lena Savic, Art Therapist in Vancouver, BC
Lena Savic
Art Therapist, EXAT, OEATA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Vancouver, BC V6J
Do you feel overwhelmed, pressured, worried, or trapped, disconnected, even absent from your own life? Are you feeling lost going through a transition, finding it challenging to see your path and place in the world? I'm here to support you deal with the anxiety and stress, to show you techniques that can help you reconnect to yourself, find your breath and needed insight, and to feel the ground again.
Do you feel overwhelmed, pressured, worried, or trapped, disconnected, even absent from your own life? Are you feeling lost going through a transition, finding it challenging to see your path and place in the world? I'm here to support you deal with the anxiety and stress, to show you techniques that can help you reconnect to yourself, find your breath and needed insight, and to feel the ground again.
(902) 912-2311 View (902) 912-2311
Photo of Serena Zhang, Counsellor in Vancouver, BC
Serena Zhang
Counsellor, MC, RCC, CCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, BC V5T
My name is Serena and I am a Registered Clinical Counsellor (RCC #18636) with a Master of Counselling degree from City University of Seattle. In my practice, I draw upon various theoretical approaches like Narrative, Mindfulness, and Solution Focused Therapies, along with my background in biology to ensure therapy is tailored to fit each individual client. I focus on developing safe, supportive, and collaborative relationships that promote empowerment and self-discovery.
My name is Serena and I am a Registered Clinical Counsellor (RCC #18636) with a Master of Counselling degree from City University of Seattle. In my practice, I draw upon various theoretical approaches like Narrative, Mindfulness, and Solution Focused Therapies, along with my background in biology to ensure therapy is tailored to fit each individual client. I focus on developing safe, supportive, and collaborative relationships that promote empowerment and self-discovery.
(438) 600-0911 View (438) 600-0911
Photo of Amie Anderson & Associates Counselling Group, Registered Social Worker in Vancouver, BC
Amie Anderson & Associates Counselling Group
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW, RCC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, BC V5K
I tend to see many physicians, psychiatrists, residents and medical students through word of mouth referrals. I also provide clinical supervision to other counsellors. I specialize in treating trauma and adverse events but common challenges such as burnout, low mood, feelings of insecurity, self-doubt, fears of rejection, abandonment, and failure are also routine in my work. I also work with many teens, post-secondary students, indigenous youth and do couples and family work.
I tend to see many physicians, psychiatrists, residents and medical students through word of mouth referrals. I also provide clinical supervision to other counsellors. I specialize in treating trauma and adverse events but common challenges such as burnout, low mood, feelings of insecurity, self-doubt, fears of rejection, abandonment, and failure are also routine in my work. I also work with many teens, post-secondary students, indigenous youth and do couples and family work.
(431) 306-2349 View (431) 306-2349
Photo of Azi Counselling & Associates, Counsellor in Vancouver, BC
Azi Counselling & Associates
Counsellor, MA, RCC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, BC V6B
Hello and welcome to my page! My name is Azi and I’m a Registered Clinical Counsellor. I have been a counsellor for the past 8 years and have been in the mental health field for more than 15 years. I am very passionate about what I do and I am a strong believer about the healing power of therapy. I have healed myself in therapy and I continue to do so and my goal is to help you heal as well. Because I believe you can. I believe that healing is possible. That no matter where you come from and how big your trauma wounds are, you can heal. That I’m certain of. I have centered my practice around healing our wounded parts due to traumas.
Hello and welcome to my page! My name is Azi and I’m a Registered Clinical Counsellor. I have been a counsellor for the past 8 years and have been in the mental health field for more than 15 years. I am very passionate about what I do and I am a strong believer about the healing power of therapy. I have healed myself in therapy and I continue to do so and my goal is to help you heal as well. Because I believe you can. I believe that healing is possible. That no matter where you come from and how big your trauma wounds are, you can heal. That I’m certain of. I have centered my practice around healing our wounded parts due to traumas.
(581) 221-1766 View (581) 221-1766
Photo of Homa Papaei, Counsellor in Vancouver, BC
Homa Papaei
Counsellor, MEd, RCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, BC V6B
Homa Papaei is a Registered Clinical Counsellor with a Master in Counselling Psychology from University of British Columbia (UBC). She is a wholehearted, centred and Compassionate counsellor with over fifteen years of experience supporting individuals to connect with themselves. Homa believes that each person can work through their negative thoughts or experiences to live life in a meaningful way. She believes that her role as a counsellor is to explore with the client the different pieces of their life and understand how those pieces function together.
Homa Papaei is a Registered Clinical Counsellor with a Master in Counselling Psychology from University of British Columbia (UBC). She is a wholehearted, centred and Compassionate counsellor with over fifteen years of experience supporting individuals to connect with themselves. Homa believes that each person can work through their negative thoughts or experiences to live life in a meaningful way. She believes that her role as a counsellor is to explore with the client the different pieces of their life and understand how those pieces function together.
(604) 719-1809 View (604) 719-1809
Photo of Courtney Orser, Counsellor in Vancouver, BC
Courtney Orser
Counsellor, MCP, RCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, BC V6J
There are times when we just don’t feel like ourselves. For some of us, this means feeling overwhelmed by our thoughts and emotions, while for others the disconnect can come from feeling nothing at all. This internal “ickiness” can show up through our emotions, thoughts, or in our body, and is often a scary, confusing, and unsettling experience. This intuitive feeling is typically caused by misalignment; whether it’s having conflict within ourselves, feeling out of step with those close to us, or feeling out of place in the world around us.
There are times when we just don’t feel like ourselves. For some of us, this means feeling overwhelmed by our thoughts and emotions, while for others the disconnect can come from feeling nothing at all. This internal “ickiness” can show up through our emotions, thoughts, or in our body, and is often a scary, confusing, and unsettling experience. This intuitive feeling is typically caused by misalignment; whether it’s having conflict within ourselves, feeling out of step with those close to us, or feeling out of place in the world around us.
(825) 606-0433 View (825) 606-0433
Photo of Emily Franklin, Counsellor in Vancouver, BC
Emily Franklin
Counsellor, MC, RCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, BC V5T
Working with me, you can expect a non-judgmental, compassionate space. I welcome folks exactly as they are. I practice with cultural humility and intersectionality to provide a safe and collaborative relationship that enables clients to get curious about themselves. I help clients deconstruct negative self-beliefs, explore identity conflicts, explore formative familial/cultural dynamics, and develop self-understanding. I combine talk therapy (exploring past and present experiences; and how our emotions, thoughts, and body interact with one another), with attachment theory, emotions-focused therapy, and parts work.
Working with me, you can expect a non-judgmental, compassionate space. I welcome folks exactly as they are. I practice with cultural humility and intersectionality to provide a safe and collaborative relationship that enables clients to get curious about themselves. I help clients deconstruct negative self-beliefs, explore identity conflicts, explore formative familial/cultural dynamics, and develop self-understanding. I combine talk therapy (exploring past and present experiences; and how our emotions, thoughts, and body interact with one another), with attachment theory, emotions-focused therapy, and parts work.
(672) 648-0420 View (672) 648-0420
Photo of Rhiannon Latimer, Counsellor in Vancouver, BC
Rhiannon Latimer
Counsellor, MC, RCC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, BC V6Z
At an early age and throughout my life, as I have struggled with life’s ebbs and flows, I have realized how support and connection can provide people with a space for discovery. Through my own personal experiences, I have learned how essential it is to have a space to be heard. I believe in supporting those who are struggling to have a voice, and for that voice to provide a pathway towards growth and wellness. I am passionate about people, healing, and supporting those who need it most. My personal and professional values are intertwined. I believe in empowerment and supporting individuals to be the best they can be.
At an early age and throughout my life, as I have struggled with life’s ebbs and flows, I have realized how support and connection can provide people with a space for discovery. Through my own personal experiences, I have learned how essential it is to have a space to be heard. I believe in supporting those who are struggling to have a voice, and for that voice to provide a pathway towards growth and wellness. I am passionate about people, healing, and supporting those who need it most. My personal and professional values are intertwined. I believe in empowerment and supporting individuals to be the best they can be.
(587) 315-0702 View (587) 315-0702
Photo of Anat Kelerstein, Registered Social Worker in Vancouver, BC
Anat Kelerstein
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Vancouver, BC V5K  (Online Only)
Hello, and welcome! My name is Anat and I am a registered social worker and a clinical counsellor. I believe in a client-centered and compassionate approach to healing that positions a client’s worldview, culture and social location as important parts of who they are. I have a background in mental health and addictions, and have supported people as they work towards healing and balance in the midst of various life challenges, including: young adulthood, life transitions, family conflict, sense of purposelessness/hopelessness, challenges in post-secondary education, and parenting a child with mental illness and addiction.
Hello, and welcome! My name is Anat and I am a registered social worker and a clinical counsellor. I believe in a client-centered and compassionate approach to healing that positions a client’s worldview, culture and social location as important parts of who they are. I have a background in mental health and addictions, and have supported people as they work towards healing and balance in the midst of various life challenges, including: young adulthood, life transitions, family conflict, sense of purposelessness/hopelessness, challenges in post-secondary education, and parenting a child with mental illness and addiction.
(343) 655-3606 View (343) 655-3606
Photo of Linah Kareem, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) in Vancouver, BC
Linah Kareem
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MA, BA
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Vancouver, BC V6B  (Online Only)
In life, change is the only constant. I heard that a lot in my life, but the only time it resonated with me was when the change was so difficult to bear. As a psychotherapist, I am mindful of how as humans, we encounter life experiences that could leave us in despair. I offer this safe space to support you as you go through your unique journey by highlighting and empowering you along the way and ensuring that your experiences are honoured, your voice is heard, your emotions are validated and most of all, your decisions are supported. My approach to therapy is focused on your needs, personal strengths, and desired goals.
In life, change is the only constant. I heard that a lot in my life, but the only time it resonated with me was when the change was so difficult to bear. As a psychotherapist, I am mindful of how as humans, we encounter life experiences that could leave us in despair. I offer this safe space to support you as you go through your unique journey by highlighting and empowering you along the way and ensuring that your experiences are honoured, your voice is heard, your emotions are validated and most of all, your decisions are supported. My approach to therapy is focused on your needs, personal strengths, and desired goals.
(672) 648-0879 View (672) 648-0879
Photo of Cherylyn Rolston, Counsellor in Vancouver, BC
Cherylyn Rolston
Counsellor, MCP, RCC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, BC V6B
Not accepting new clients
Life can be challenging and often we go through experiences, both internal and external, that leave us struggling and feeling overwhelmed, disconnected, and alone. As a therapist, I hope to create a place for you to feel welcomed, accepted, and understood so that together we can take on some of the challenges you might be wrestling with. My aim is for you to find hope, healing, and transformation through our work together so that you may rediscover joy and no longer have to face these challenges alone.
Life can be challenging and often we go through experiences, both internal and external, that leave us struggling and feeling overwhelmed, disconnected, and alone. As a therapist, I hope to create a place for you to feel welcomed, accepted, and understood so that together we can take on some of the challenges you might be wrestling with. My aim is for you to find hope, healing, and transformation through our work together so that you may rediscover joy and no longer have to face these challenges alone.
(778) 760-9074 View (778) 760-9074
Photo of Sam Squire, Counsellor in Vancouver, BC
Sam Squire
Counsellor
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, BC V6H  (Online Only)
I support clients in all areas of life including: anxiety, stress, overwhelm, depression, grief, trauma, burnout or any other challenges that come along with the human experience. My approach to counseling involves deep listening and powerful questions that empower you to discover answers and insight on your own. I remain deeply curious alongside of you and ask questions to help you find the insight you might be looking for. I will gently challenge you if there are limiting beliefs standing in your way of healing and we will work together in a compassionate way to resolve them and bring more ease into your life.
I support clients in all areas of life including: anxiety, stress, overwhelm, depression, grief, trauma, burnout or any other challenges that come along with the human experience. My approach to counseling involves deep listening and powerful questions that empower you to discover answers and insight on your own. I remain deeply curious alongside of you and ask questions to help you find the insight you might be looking for. I will gently challenge you if there are limiting beliefs standing in your way of healing and we will work together in a compassionate way to resolve them and bring more ease into your life.
(506) 308-2038 View (506) 308-2038
Photo of Shawna Dash, Counsellor in Vancouver, BC
Shawna Dash
Counsellor, MCP, RCC
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Vancouver, BC V6Z
You deserve a soft landing where you can express the unexpressed and explore the things that make you human. My intention is to assist you with accessing your deeper truth and authentic self - helping you find your way back home to you. My approach is to care for the soul with loving compassion and create a safe and supportive environment where you can improve your relationship with self and others. I use a trauma-informed approach and work with folks holistically on varying issues (anxiety, self-esteem, relationships, trauma, grief, burnout) to bring healing, understanding, and hope.
You deserve a soft landing where you can express the unexpressed and explore the things that make you human. My intention is to assist you with accessing your deeper truth and authentic self - helping you find your way back home to you. My approach is to care for the soul with loving compassion and create a safe and supportive environment where you can improve your relationship with self and others. I use a trauma-informed approach and work with folks holistically on varying issues (anxiety, self-esteem, relationships, trauma, grief, burnout) to bring healing, understanding, and hope.
(778) 655-3923 View (778) 655-3923
Photo of Christabelle Pausey, Pre-Licensed Professional in Vancouver, BC
Christabelle Pausey
Pre-Licensed Professional, RTCc
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, BC V6H  (Online Only)
Christabelle’s approach strives to create space for clients to connect with their own strength and expansive potential. She believes that learning to sense our inner and outer world improves our navigation through it, and loves to see clients’ capacity expand beyond what they thought was possible.
Christabelle’s approach strives to create space for clients to connect with their own strength and expansive potential. She believes that learning to sense our inner and outer world improves our navigation through it, and loves to see clients’ capacity expand beyond what they thought was possible.
View
Photo of Jennifer Harrison, Counsellor in Vancouver, BC
Jennifer Harrison
Counsellor, RTC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Vancouver, BC V6J
I work with individuals and couples who are struggling to communicate, and are wanting more connection, openness and intimacy in their relationships. I understand how our lives can be chaotic and how we can feel alone in that. My goal is to help you understand the root of your struggles and develop new strategies to help you find your way out of negative behaviors and thought patterns.
I work with individuals and couples who are struggling to communicate, and are wanting more connection, openness and intimacy in their relationships. I understand how our lives can be chaotic and how we can feel alone in that. My goal is to help you understand the root of your struggles and develop new strategies to help you find your way out of negative behaviors and thought patterns.
(778) 761-2472 View (778) 761-2472
Photo of Paula Foran, Counsellor in Vancouver, BC
Paula Foran
Counsellor, MEd, RCC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, BC V5L
Paula has worked with children and families for over twenty-five years, primarily in the school setting and started in private practice recently. She uses strength based modalities that emphasize renewal and hope in her practice. She has a vast array of training and experience working with diverse individuals and families. Her areas of interest are working with parents of teens and young people struggling with anxiety. She has specialized training in SPACE treatment (Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions), AEDP and ACT.
Paula has worked with children and families for over twenty-five years, primarily in the school setting and started in private practice recently. She uses strength based modalities that emphasize renewal and hope in her practice. She has a vast array of training and experience working with diverse individuals and families. Her areas of interest are working with parents of teens and young people struggling with anxiety. She has specialized training in SPACE treatment (Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions), AEDP and ACT.
View

See more therapy options for Vancouver

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Vancouver, BC

2,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Counsellors in Vancouver, BC who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
84% Depression
80% Self Esteem
79% Relationship Issues
77% Stress
72% Trauma and PTSD
70% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

54% SunLife
48% Pacific Blue Cross
44% Green Shield Canada

How Counsellors in Vancouver, BC see their clients

67% In Person and Online
33% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
20% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Vancouver?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postal code, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postal code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Most Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are certified by one of the main professional associations, mainly the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association (CCPA), and will have a Certified Canadian Counsellor (CCC) designation with their name. Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered members of the college specific to their province. To be listed in the directory, Psychologists must be registered with the psychological college specific to their province or territory.

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given the considerable variation in professional regulation and prerequisites across Canadian provinces, some providers may possess significant professional qualifications without necessarily holding professional memberships or being obliged to acquire them. As a result, they may be selectively included without the "Verified" seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors, psychotherapists and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in Canada.

Psychologists have a master's and/or doctoral degree and have passed both written and oral exams. Psychologists are able to complete mental health assessments and provide diagnostic information to clients as well as provide counselling therapy or psychotherapy. Counsellors and psychotherapists are expected to have a master's or doctoral degree in counselling psychology, social work, or a related mental health discipline and certification by a professional association, such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association. Registered Social Workers possess a Bachelor's or Master's degree in Social Work and where possible must be licensed or certified by the provincial government and/or regulatory college.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Canada could be between $100 and $200. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. Some types of outpatient mental health services are covered by Medicare, provided these are performed by a licensed mental health professional in the provinces or territory you reside in and who accepts the assignment.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postal code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Professionals licensed by regulatory colleges and those certified by associations such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association are obligated to uphold client confidentiality unless there is a legal reason that requires them to disclose information. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others, or a court order, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.