Life Coaching Therapists in Roxboro, QC

Photo of Sandrine Aschour in Roxboro, QC
Sandrine Aschour
CCTP, CHC, CLC
Verified Verified
Roxboro, QC H8Y
Every person has the potential to thrive! Most people are able to handle life's challenges just fine most of the time.
Do you feel aspects of your life need improvement, direction, guidance, change, or growth? Is the old tried and true approach you take, not working anymore? Come improve your mood, reduce anxiety, strengthen self-esteem, manage stress, work through academic/social/professional challenges, improve your relationships and communication, strengthen parenting techniques, and have smoother life transitions. If you are feeling overwhelmed, anxious, having relational problems, abusing substances (drugs, alcohol, gambling, shopping, overeating), or have experienced trauma (abuse, violence, accident), I can help you. Free initial consult.
Every person has the potential to thrive! Most people are able to handle life's challenges just fine most of the time.
Do you feel aspects of your life need improvement, direction, guidance, change, or growth? Is the old tried and true approach you take, not working anymore? Come improve your mood, reduce anxiety, strengthen self-esteem, manage stress, work through academic/social/professional challenges, improve your relationships and communication, strengthen parenting techniques, and have smoother life transitions. If you are feeling overwhelmed, anxious, having relational problems, abusing substances (drugs, alcohol, gambling, shopping, overeating), or have experienced trauma (abuse, violence, accident), I can help you. Free initial consult.
(438) 230-0142 View (438) 230-0142
Photo of Savannagh Lassken, Counsellor in Roxboro, QC
Savannagh Lassken
Counsellor, MA, CCC
Verified Verified
Roxboro, QC H8Y
Hi, my name is Savannagh. My goal as a clinician is to guide clients to build safety and trust within themselves so that they can move through whatever is holding them back. Listening with empathy and creating space for self-discovery is key to my practice. I trust that individuals innately know what is necessary to bring transformation in their lives and that my role is to help them be with their feelings, acknowledge their choices, honour their strengths, and reach their goals.
Hi, my name is Savannagh. My goal as a clinician is to guide clients to build safety and trust within themselves so that they can move through whatever is holding them back. Listening with empathy and creating space for self-discovery is key to my practice. I trust that individuals innately know what is necessary to bring transformation in their lives and that my role is to help them be with their feelings, acknowledge their choices, honour their strengths, and reach their goals.
(438) 500-8872 View (438) 500-8872
Photo of RISE Anxiety & Depression Clinic in Roxboro, QC
RISE Anxiety & Depression Clinic
MA, CCC, MSW, BSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Roxboro, QC H8Y
We offer same-day or next-day appointments. Our services cater to adults, parents, teenagers, children, couples, and families, emphasizing empowerment, emotional support, collaboration, and a non-judgmental approach. We specialize in assisting individuals who have experienced acute trauma, such as sexual violence and victims of crime, as well as those dealing with complex PTSD. Our practice is LGBTQ+-inclusive and friendly to individuals with diverse sexual orientations, kinks, non-monogamous, and polyamorous lifestyles. We offer flexible appointment scheduling, allowing you to choose between male and female clinicians.
We offer same-day or next-day appointments. Our services cater to adults, parents, teenagers, children, couples, and families, emphasizing empowerment, emotional support, collaboration, and a non-judgmental approach. We specialize in assisting individuals who have experienced acute trauma, such as sexual violence and victims of crime, as well as those dealing with complex PTSD. Our practice is LGBTQ+-inclusive and friendly to individuals with diverse sexual orientations, kinks, non-monogamous, and polyamorous lifestyles. We offer flexible appointment scheduling, allowing you to choose between male and female clinicians.
(438) 230-0252 View (438) 230-0252

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Viviana Mauas, Psychologist in Roxboro, QC
Viviana Mauas
Psychologist, PhD, MBA, OPQ
Verified Verified
Dollard-des-Ormeaux, QC H9A
I provide a woman- centered approach to mental health, as a licensed psychologist and life coach, that is personalized to fit the needs and personality of each individual woman. Women's mental health may be affected by reproductive- related events (e.g., the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause). As such, the possible impact of biological factors need to be understood and incorporated in a holistic approach, that includes psychological, social, and cultural factors, for each woman to receive optimal treatment. Within this context I provide diagnostic evaluations, psychotherapy, and consultation for a wide variety of emotional, behavioral, and adjustment concerns.
I provide a woman- centered approach to mental health, as a licensed psychologist and life coach, that is personalized to fit the needs and personality of each individual woman. Women's mental health may be affected by reproductive- related events (e.g., the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause). As such, the possible impact of biological factors need to be understood and incorporated in a holistic approach, that includes psychological, social, and cultural factors, for each woman to receive optimal treatment. Within this context I provide diagnostic evaluations, psychotherapy, and consultation for a wide variety of emotional, behavioral, and adjustment concerns.
(514) 612-8290 View (514) 612-8290
Photo of Beverley Glazer, Drug & Alcohol Counsellor in Roxboro, QC
Beverley Glazer
Drug & Alcohol Counsellor, MA, CCC, ICCAC, ICADC
Verified Verified
Dollard-des-Ormeaux, QC H8Y
As an addiction specialist and life coach with over 30 years of experience, I've helped 1000s from all walks of like to end their struggles with emotional eating, co-dependency, substance abuse, stress, anger, gambling, sex, and family issues etc.
Are you fed up with spinning, & trying & failing; feeling hopeless that your life will always be the same? I help people to untwist their thinking and have the tools and stragegies that they need. Imagine your life free from co-dependency, substance abuse, anxiety, anger, gambling, sex, and family issues. What if you were finally in control? If you're thinking 'hell yes' I'm ready, then I'm honored and happy to help. And no, I'm not going to push you towards AA or rehab :) - it's not the best option for everyone. Instead, let's start with a free 15-minute conversation to figure out exactly what you need from there.
As an addiction specialist and life coach with over 30 years of experience, I've helped 1000s from all walks of like to end their struggles with emotional eating, co-dependency, substance abuse, stress, anger, gambling, sex, and family issues etc.
Are you fed up with spinning, & trying & failing; feeling hopeless that your life will always be the same? I help people to untwist their thinking and have the tools and stragegies that they need. Imagine your life free from co-dependency, substance abuse, anxiety, anger, gambling, sex, and family issues. What if you were finally in control? If you're thinking 'hell yes' I'm ready, then I'm honored and happy to help. And no, I'm not going to push you towards AA or rehab :) - it's not the best option for everyone. Instead, let's start with a free 15-minute conversation to figure out exactly what you need from there.
(514) 400-9375 View (514) 400-9375
Photo of Montreal Women's Psychology, Psychologist in Roxboro, QC
Montreal Women's Psychology
Psychologist, PhD, MBA
Verified Verified
Dollard-des-Ormeaux, QC H9B
The philosophy and unique approach at Montreal Women's Psychology is to empower women to achieve their potential and lead fulfilling lives. I obtained an MBA and worked for many years in the business world while raising a family prior to returning to my passion of Psychology and helping others reach their goals. I gained first hand insights regarding the challenges faced by women today. I tailor therapy plans and life coaching to each woman, taking into consideration family dynamics, work environment, social, romantic, cultural, stage of life, and reproductive-related events.
The philosophy and unique approach at Montreal Women's Psychology is to empower women to achieve their potential and lead fulfilling lives. I obtained an MBA and worked for many years in the business world while raising a family prior to returning to my passion of Psychology and helping others reach their goals. I gained first hand insights regarding the challenges faced by women today. I tailor therapy plans and life coaching to each woman, taking into consideration family dynamics, work environment, social, romantic, cultural, stage of life, and reproductive-related events.
(514) 700-1606 View (514) 700-1606
Photo of Benjamin F Armstrong, Psychologist in Roxboro, QC
Benjamin F Armstrong
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Montréal, QC H8Y  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Then, self-compassion soothes and brings a sense of warmth and comfort to all areas of life.
Change starts with the relationship that we form in the therapy and then continues by building useful skills in and outside of our sessions. In practice this means that I fit best with clients who are interested in (1) understanding more about their thoughts and emotions while also (2) taking clear steps to improve their mental and physical well-being. My job as the therapist is to provide a warm and caring environment to support the client in this process.
Then, self-compassion soothes and brings a sense of warmth and comfort to all areas of life.
Change starts with the relationship that we form in the therapy and then continues by building useful skills in and outside of our sessions. In practice this means that I fit best with clients who are interested in (1) understanding more about their thoughts and emotions while also (2) taking clear steps to improve their mental and physical well-being. My job as the therapist is to provide a warm and caring environment to support the client in this process.
View
Photo of Elizabeth Shoiry, Psychologist in Roxboro, QC
Elizabeth Shoiry
Psychologist, BSc, MEd, OPQ, CPA
Verified Verified
Dollard-des-Ormeaux, QC H9G
Are you overwhelmed, sad, angry, experiencing relationship/family issues, or unhappy at work? Feels like your life is spinning out of control with no real direction? Are you or your child struggling at school? Is reading, writing, math or homework time problematic? Is behavior a concern? In order to move forward, it is important to understand what is really going on in your or your child's life. Within a safe, nonjudgmental and confidential environment together we can explore, understand and develop the necessary steps needed to effect positive life changes. Career counseling, and customized workshops are also available.
Are you overwhelmed, sad, angry, experiencing relationship/family issues, or unhappy at work? Feels like your life is spinning out of control with no real direction? Are you or your child struggling at school? Is reading, writing, math or homework time problematic? Is behavior a concern? In order to move forward, it is important to understand what is really going on in your or your child's life. Within a safe, nonjudgmental and confidential environment together we can explore, understand and develop the necessary steps needed to effect positive life changes. Career counseling, and customized workshops are also available.
(514) 900-6029 View (514) 900-6029
Photo of Delia Noel in Roxboro, QC
Delia Noel
SCC, MA, NA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Pierrefonds, QC H9A
With more than 28 years of experience in leadership, group facilitation, family dynamics, adolescent issues, self-esteem, anxiety, professional development and coaching, I bring a evidence based work to life in a practical non-judgmental manner.
My personal passion is working with youth and young adults who want support in making changes in their lives. Additionally, working with adults who want to put ideas into action. From relationship obstacles to finding your voice, I aim to provide a supportive environment based on accountability and responsibility.
With more than 28 years of experience in leadership, group facilitation, family dynamics, adolescent issues, self-esteem, anxiety, professional development and coaching, I bring a evidence based work to life in a practical non-judgmental manner.
My personal passion is working with youth and young adults who want support in making changes in their lives. Additionally, working with adults who want to put ideas into action. From relationship obstacles to finding your voice, I aim to provide a supportive environment based on accountability and responsibility.
(438) 601-2246 View (438) 601-2246
Photo of Alain David Alterescu, Psychologist in Roxboro, QC
Alain David Alterescu
Psychologist, MPs, OPQ
Verified Verified
Pointe-Claire, QC H9R
After 20 years of practice, I am driven now more than ever to help individuals and couples achieve meaningful and courageous changes in their lives. Whether what ails you stems from symptoms of OCD, sexual addiction, depression, anxiety, relationship or other life challenges, I will take the time to listen to you with empathy and curiosity but without judgement. Our sessions will seek to enpower you to clearly articulate and implement the tangible changes you wish to effect in your life. I am well versed in cognitive behavioural therapies, mindfulness and brief solution-focused and intercultural therapies.
After 20 years of practice, I am driven now more than ever to help individuals and couples achieve meaningful and courageous changes in their lives. Whether what ails you stems from symptoms of OCD, sexual addiction, depression, anxiety, relationship or other life challenges, I will take the time to listen to you with empathy and curiosity but without judgement. Our sessions will seek to enpower you to clearly articulate and implement the tangible changes you wish to effect in your life. I am well versed in cognitive behavioural therapies, mindfulness and brief solution-focused and intercultural therapies.
(514) 806-6014 View (514) 806-6014
Photo of Anita Mehta, Registered Psychotherapist in Roxboro, QC
Anita Mehta
Registered Psychotherapist, PhD, CFT
Verified Verified
Dollard-des-Ormeaux, QC H9H
Are you feeling overwhelmed? Do you need some support? Perhaps therapy can help you cope with current stressors in your life. I can help you in managing a difficult situation, and to help you find strategies to manage distress, confusion, anxiety, and feelings of depression. It strives to improve overall well-being and mental health, to resolve or manage concerning behaviors, beliefs, thoughts, or emotions, and to improve relationships, interactions and social skills. Couple and family therapy can address the dynamics and challenges faced with the goal of understanding and positive change. I am offering secure online sessions.
Are you feeling overwhelmed? Do you need some support? Perhaps therapy can help you cope with current stressors in your life. I can help you in managing a difficult situation, and to help you find strategies to manage distress, confusion, anxiety, and feelings of depression. It strives to improve overall well-being and mental health, to resolve or manage concerning behaviors, beliefs, thoughts, or emotions, and to improve relationships, interactions and social skills. Couple and family therapy can address the dynamics and challenges faced with the goal of understanding and positive change. I am offering secure online sessions.
(438) 600-2236 View (438) 600-2236
Photo of Hani Kafoury Psychologist & Coach, Psychologist in Roxboro, QC
Hani Kafoury Psychologist & Coach
Psychologist, MPS
Verified Verified
Pointe-Claire, QC H9R
My approach to therapy and coaching is to help you gain valuable insight into your psychological functioning, re-frame your most daunting challenges in more productive ways, and help you uncover practical strategies so that you can achieve well-being at work and in life.
Whether you are unhappy in your current job or career, on sick leave, are between two jobs, entering the job market, struggling with your boss or your peers at work, or simply wanting to jump-start or refocus your career, I can help. Prior to becoming a licensed psychologist, I held several senior positions in large and family-owned organizations for nearly 30 years. My experience in the workforce and my training as a psychologist and as a certified coach has allowed me to help many people in your current situation reclaim their well-being at work and in life.
My approach to therapy and coaching is to help you gain valuable insight into your psychological functioning, re-frame your most daunting challenges in more productive ways, and help you uncover practical strategies so that you can achieve well-being at work and in life.
Whether you are unhappy in your current job or career, on sick leave, are between two jobs, entering the job market, struggling with your boss or your peers at work, or simply wanting to jump-start or refocus your career, I can help. Prior to becoming a licensed psychologist, I held several senior positions in large and family-owned organizations for nearly 30 years. My experience in the workforce and my training as a psychologist and as a certified coach has allowed me to help many people in your current situation reclaim their well-being at work and in life.
(514) 613-1160 View (514) 613-1160
Photo of Daniela Beer-Becker, Psychologist in Roxboro, QC
Daniela Beer-Becker
Psychologist, MA
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Pointe-Claire, QC H9R
Are you disappointed with the turn your life has taken? Do you find yourself overwhelmed by feelings of worry, sadness, loneliness, or anger? Do you find it hard to enjoy what you have today, but feel stuck in the past, or keep worrying about the future? Do you struggle to communicate your feelings effectively to others? When we don't learn to successfully deal with our thoughts and emotions, when past wounds are left unattended, they intensify, and get expressed in unproductive, angry, or hurtful ways towards yourself and the people you love.
Are you disappointed with the turn your life has taken? Do you find yourself overwhelmed by feelings of worry, sadness, loneliness, or anger? Do you find it hard to enjoy what you have today, but feel stuck in the past, or keep worrying about the future? Do you struggle to communicate your feelings effectively to others? When we don't learn to successfully deal with our thoughts and emotions, when past wounds are left unattended, they intensify, and get expressed in unproductive, angry, or hurtful ways towards yourself and the people you love.
(514) 319-1744 View (514) 319-1744
Photo of Johanne Godin, Psychologist in Roxboro, QC
Johanne Godin
Psychologist, MA, OPQ
Verified Verified
Pointe-Claire, QC H9B
When people feel overwhelmed by the pressures of life, they can feel stuck— unable to move forward. They are often so sad and anxious that they no longer enjoy the things they once did. I help people facing major life transitions clarify their issues, make important decisions and make the changes that are needed for them to get "unstuck" and live happier lives. I help people understand themselves better and make the changes they need to feel better. If you are dealing with difficult feelings, conflictual relationships, career indecision or questioning your sexuality or gender identity, I can help.
When people feel overwhelmed by the pressures of life, they can feel stuck— unable to move forward. They are often so sad and anxious that they no longer enjoy the things they once did. I help people facing major life transitions clarify their issues, make important decisions and make the changes that are needed for them to get "unstuck" and live happier lives. I help people understand themselves better and make the changes they need to feel better. If you are dealing with difficult feelings, conflictual relationships, career indecision or questioning your sexuality or gender identity, I can help.
View
Photo of David Bernstein in Roxboro, QC
David Bernstein
CCH
Verified Verified
Dollard-des-Ormeaux, QC H9A
David Bernstein offers effective hypnotherapy and life coaching for anxiety, stress, weight, smoking, phobias, academic and sports performance, memory, insomnia, concentration, pain and any bad habit. Women and men alike attend David's weight and smoking clinics with equal effectiveness. As a certified Hockey Canada coach, David's experience with helping athletes get in and stay in the zone applies equally well to entire teams at all levels. As well, soothing relaxation sessions are just a phone call away. I do not offer psychotherapy services.
David Bernstein offers effective hypnotherapy and life coaching for anxiety, stress, weight, smoking, phobias, academic and sports performance, memory, insomnia, concentration, pain and any bad habit. Women and men alike attend David's weight and smoking clinics with equal effectiveness. As a certified Hockey Canada coach, David's experience with helping athletes get in and stay in the zone applies equally well to entire teams at all levels. As well, soothing relaxation sessions are just a phone call away. I do not offer psychotherapy services.
(438) 795-2576 View (438) 795-2576
Photo of Vanessa Woods, Registered Social Worker in Roxboro, QC
Vanessa Woods
Registered Social Worker, RSW
Verified Verified
Dorval, QC H9P  (Online Only)
I am a warm Social Worker, who understands that life can be very difficult and overwhelming at times. I am dedicated to helping clients to successfully face, manage, and overcome these very real difficulties. I also support clients in building stronger and more useful coping strategies to deal with the difficult situations and elements of life that cannot be changed or controlled. I help clients to identify and set meaningful goals and to hold clients accountable for their development and for making progress toward their goals. In this way, I help clients to achieve greater balance, resilience, peace, and success in their lives.
I am a warm Social Worker, who understands that life can be very difficult and overwhelming at times. I am dedicated to helping clients to successfully face, manage, and overcome these very real difficulties. I also support clients in building stronger and more useful coping strategies to deal with the difficult situations and elements of life that cannot be changed or controlled. I help clients to identify and set meaningful goals and to hold clients accountable for their development and for making progress toward their goals. In this way, I help clients to achieve greater balance, resilience, peace, and success in their lives.
View
Photo of Dr. Lyane Trepanier, Psychologist in Roxboro, QC
Dr. Lyane Trepanier
Psychologist, PhD, MSc, OPQ
Verified Verified
Pointe-Claire, QC H9R
I help people suffering from sadness, anger, depression, feelings of loneliness. I offer a warm, empathetic, and non-judgmental presence to help you feel safe and accepted, while equipping you with the insight and the tools to help you feel better again. I provide psychotherapy to individuals dealing with trauma, sadness, anxiety, depression, anger, low self-esteem, relationships difficulties, and coaching for professional and career challenges. I adapt my approach according to your individual needs drawing from a mix of evidece-based approaches.
I help people suffering from sadness, anger, depression, feelings of loneliness. I offer a warm, empathetic, and non-judgmental presence to help you feel safe and accepted, while equipping you with the insight and the tools to help you feel better again. I provide psychotherapy to individuals dealing with trauma, sadness, anxiety, depression, anger, low self-esteem, relationships difficulties, and coaching for professional and career challenges. I adapt my approach according to your individual needs drawing from a mix of evidece-based approaches.
(438) 834-2765 View (438) 834-2765
Photo of Howard Gontovnick Psychotherapist, Counsellor in Roxboro, QC
Howard Gontovnick Psychotherapist
Counsellor, BA, MA, PhD, OPQ
Verified Verified
Dollard-des-Ormeaux, QC H9B
Whether you are an individual or part of a couple. my therapeutic relationship emphasizes a high-quality interpersonal connection grounded in honesty, genuineness and compassion. Each session is primarily concerned with your capacity to endure, cope and discover that which can help you thrive in whatever challenging life situation that is at the forefront of your world. Together we will uncover what is known as well as the unknown sources of your discontentment. More importantly, we need to seek out realistic solutions that are attainable and helpful. Perhaps now is the right time to begin and take a bold step forward for yourself
Whether you are an individual or part of a couple. my therapeutic relationship emphasizes a high-quality interpersonal connection grounded in honesty, genuineness and compassion. Each session is primarily concerned with your capacity to endure, cope and discover that which can help you thrive in whatever challenging life situation that is at the forefront of your world. Together we will uncover what is known as well as the unknown sources of your discontentment. More importantly, we need to seek out realistic solutions that are attainable and helpful. Perhaps now is the right time to begin and take a bold step forward for yourself
(450) 686-2440 View (450) 686-2440
Photo of Tina Romano Hypno-Coach in Roxboro, QC
Tina Romano Hypno-Coach
BComm, CH
Verified Verified
Dollard-des-Ormeaux, QC H9G
Searching for something beyond talk therapy alone? Are you struggling with how you feel? Tired of trying to figure it out? Hi, I'm the creator of "Way Beyond Talk". An approach that combines the best of Hypnosis, Meditation and Emotional Mindfulness. A powerful way to make change happen because it makes use of much more than thinking or talking ever can. It's the way to access matters that lie beneath the surface, not readily retrieved through thinking or talking. No need to figure it out, answers come to you. An alternative or adjunct approach to many therapies. Guiding you to feel better.
Searching for something beyond talk therapy alone? Are you struggling with how you feel? Tired of trying to figure it out? Hi, I'm the creator of "Way Beyond Talk". An approach that combines the best of Hypnosis, Meditation and Emotional Mindfulness. A powerful way to make change happen because it makes use of much more than thinking or talking ever can. It's the way to access matters that lie beneath the surface, not readily retrieved through thinking or talking. No need to figure it out, answers come to you. An alternative or adjunct approach to many therapies. Guiding you to feel better.
(514) 613-8634 View (514) 613-8634
Photo of Dr. Karen S Harutyunyan, Psychologist in Roxboro, QC
Dr. Karen S Harutyunyan
Psychologist, Psy D, MScP
Verified Verified
Laval, QC H7X
People seek help for specific reasons such as eating disorders, psycho-somatic conditions, obsessional behaviour, or phobic anxieties. At other times help is sought because of more general underlying feelings of depression or anxiety, difficulties in concentrating, dissatisfaction in work or inability to form satisfactory relationships. We believe in a mind-body connection so that improvements in psychological well-being translate into physical vitality. The benefits of our psychotherapy and counselling work include self-insight, inner fulfillment, raised self-esteem, a positive outlook and improved relationships.
People seek help for specific reasons such as eating disorders, psycho-somatic conditions, obsessional behaviour, or phobic anxieties. At other times help is sought because of more general underlying feelings of depression or anxiety, difficulties in concentrating, dissatisfaction in work or inability to form satisfactory relationships. We believe in a mind-body connection so that improvements in psychological well-being translate into physical vitality. The benefits of our psychotherapy and counselling work include self-insight, inner fulfillment, raised self-esteem, a positive outlook and improved relationships.
(438) 701-1239 View (438) 701-1239

See more therapy options for Roxboro


Life Coaching Counsellors

What can I expect from life coaching?

Clients and coaches will typically start by identifying the problem area(s) that the client hopes to address—then, the coach will help the client brainstorm potential solutions and explore concrete techniques to help the client attain their goals. Coaching is typically short-term and focused on finding solutions in the here and now, rather than exploring a client’s past. In addition to strategies aimed at the client’s specific concerns, coaches may encourage general stress management techniques such as meditation.

Can a life coach help treat anxiety?

Because the majority of life coaches are not licensed clinicians, they are not qualified to diagnose or treat anxiety. Anyone struggling with anxiety or another mental health condition should seek help from a licensed mental health practitioner. However, some coaching clients who struggle with subclinical anxiety report that working with their coach on other problems—such as career dissatisfaction or unhealthy habits—has a positive effect on their anxiety.

Can life coaching be done online?

Yes. While life coaching often happens in person, many coaches conduct sessions over the phone or via online platforms such as Zoom or Skype. Because life coaches are not subject to local licensing regulations in the same way that therapists are, they are able to see clients who live in other locations.

How long does life coaching last?

Life coaching tends to be a shorter-term process than therapy, though it does not always unfold over a specific period of time and is instead based on the coach’s or the client’s preferences. Coaching often takes place over three to 12 months but may be shorter or longer if necessary.