Photo of Varshini Skantharajah, Registered Psychotherapist in M5P, ON
Varshini Skantharajah
Registered Psychotherapist, MEd, RP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5P  (Online Only)
As we explore, I may use different lenses such as: relational, emotion-focused, psychodynamic, person-centered and strengths-based, therapy within a trauma-informed framework.
There are times when life gets hard, messy or shaken up, leaving us feeling overwhelmed, or lost reckoning with somethings we didn’t expect to. There are also times when we simply get that nagging feeling that there’s something we want to address, and maybe start to feel curious about what healing can be for us. In this space I welcome working with different experiences, however big or small, present or past. Sometimes this may look like anxiety, depression, stress, burnout, impact of trauma, navigating relationships, sense of self (self-worth, self-love, inadequacy, etc.), student life, life transitions and loss.
As we explore, I may use different lenses such as: relational, emotion-focused, psychodynamic, person-centered and strengths-based, therapy within a trauma-informed framework.
There are times when life gets hard, messy or shaken up, leaving us feeling overwhelmed, or lost reckoning with somethings we didn’t expect to. There are also times when we simply get that nagging feeling that there’s something we want to address, and maybe start to feel curious about what healing can be for us. In this space I welcome working with different experiences, however big or small, present or past. Sometimes this may look like anxiety, depression, stress, burnout, impact of trauma, navigating relationships, sense of self (self-worth, self-love, inadequacy, etc.), student life, life transitions and loss.
(289) 312-0101 View (289) 312-0101
Photo of Katie Gosse, Registered Social Worker in M5P, ON
Katie Gosse
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5P  (Online Only)
Using a specialized psychodynamic approach, I'll help you access memories and emotions safely, which allows you to heal from your pain and live your life in freedom, joy, and peace.
As a Christian woman, it’s hard navigating your experiences of anxiety, depression, and loneliness. Your pain and suffering makes you question “If God is good, then why hasn’t he healed me? Is there something wrong with me? Do I not have enough faith?” Maybe past painful experiences of abuse or neglect haunt you and you can’t seem to forgive and move on. Depression and anxiety feel out of your control leaving you scared and hopeless. You pray and pray and pray and it doesn’t stop. Maybe you’ve tried therapy before and it didn’t help as you hoped. You desire and need the peace promised in the bible but it feels so far away.
Using a specialized psychodynamic approach, I'll help you access memories and emotions safely, which allows you to heal from your pain and live your life in freedom, joy, and peace.
As a Christian woman, it’s hard navigating your experiences of anxiety, depression, and loneliness. Your pain and suffering makes you question “If God is good, then why hasn’t he healed me? Is there something wrong with me? Do I not have enough faith?” Maybe past painful experiences of abuse or neglect haunt you and you can’t seem to forgive and move on. Depression and anxiety feel out of your control leaving you scared and hopeless. You pray and pray and pray and it doesn’t stop. Maybe you’ve tried therapy before and it didn’t help as you hoped. You desire and need the peace promised in the bible but it feels so far away.
(226) 702-8693 View (226) 702-8693
Photo of Anna Sherman, Registered Psychotherapist in M5P, ON
Anna Sherman
Registered Psychotherapist, RP, MFT, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5P
I use a variety of counselling techniques including Emotionally-Focused Therapy, Psychodynamic Therapy, Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy, Psychodynamic Therapy, IFS, and Somatic Therapeutic techniques.
Every day is another chance to change your life. Do you feel all alone with your problems? Hold painful feelings inside? Wish you could talk to someone? Do you ask yourself: How can I find happiness in my life? How can my partner and I work through our problems? How can I find a lasting and fulfilling relationship? I work with individuals, couples and families. I provide a calm, safe, nurturing environment for you to grow, change and heal. I offer support as you build on your strengths and continue to move forward in your life.
I use a variety of counselling techniques including Emotionally-Focused Therapy, Psychodynamic Therapy, Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy, Psychodynamic Therapy, IFS, and Somatic Therapeutic techniques.
Every day is another chance to change your life. Do you feel all alone with your problems? Hold painful feelings inside? Wish you could talk to someone? Do you ask yourself: How can I find happiness in my life? How can my partner and I work through our problems? How can I find a lasting and fulfilling relationship? I work with individuals, couples and families. I provide a calm, safe, nurturing environment for you to grow, change and heal. I offer support as you build on your strengths and continue to move forward in your life.
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Photo of Anita Owusu, Registered Social Worker in M5P, ON
Anita Owusu
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
11 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5P
Waitlist for new clients
While I am trained in numerous techniques and use a variety of methods (including Intensive Short-Term Psychodynamic Therapy, Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, EMDR, Emotional Focused Therapy, Positive Psychology & Mindfulness), I respect the uniqueness of every individual and will always implement a tailored approach that caters to specific individual needs.
In my years of practice, my focus has been centred around individuals from different walks of life (i.e race, religion, gender, sexual orientation etc). Particularly, ones who have trauma, body image issues, low self esteem, fibromyalgia, phobias and/or are anxious, depressed, stressed, destructive, angry, lonely, abused and in or have been in the child welfare system. In regards to my approach, I am genuine and compassionate, but remain equally honest and direct. Rather than bombarding clients with endless questions, I aim to engage them through meaningful methods and effective interventions.
While I am trained in numerous techniques and use a variety of methods (including Intensive Short-Term Psychodynamic Therapy, Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, EMDR, Emotional Focused Therapy, Positive Psychology & Mindfulness), I respect the uniqueness of every individual and will always implement a tailored approach that caters to specific individual needs.
In my years of practice, my focus has been centred around individuals from different walks of life (i.e race, religion, gender, sexual orientation etc). Particularly, ones who have trauma, body image issues, low self esteem, fibromyalgia, phobias and/or are anxious, depressed, stressed, destructive, angry, lonely, abused and in or have been in the child welfare system. In regards to my approach, I am genuine and compassionate, but remain equally honest and direct. Rather than bombarding clients with endless questions, I aim to engage them through meaningful methods and effective interventions.
(289) 206-1882 View (289) 206-1882
Photo of Emma Kleiman Psychotherapy, Registered Social Worker in M5P, ON
Emma Kleiman Psychotherapy
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M5P
For the past 15 years I have worked with youth and families who are struggling with a variety of mental health issues or relationship difficulties. Often the clients I support are families who are experiencing conflict, whose members are feeling disconnected or teenagers and young adults who are struggling with intense emotions and engaging in behaviours that are concerning to themselves or their caregivers. I work well with people who are interested in transforming themselves and their relationships rather than those who are focused on symptom reduction alone. In addition, I work with adults who have experienced childhood trauma.
For the past 15 years I have worked with youth and families who are struggling with a variety of mental health issues or relationship difficulties. Often the clients I support are families who are experiencing conflict, whose members are feeling disconnected or teenagers and young adults who are struggling with intense emotions and engaging in behaviours that are concerning to themselves or their caregivers. I work well with people who are interested in transforming themselves and their relationships rather than those who are focused on symptom reduction alone. In addition, I work with adults who have experienced childhood trauma.
(437) 747-6346 View (437) 747-6346
Photo of Ashley Carr, Registered Social Worker in M5P, ON
Ashley Carr
Registered Social Worker, BA, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5P
Have you been seeking relief from feelings of exhaustion, overwhelm, and anxiety? Maybe you've been experiencing burnout or succumbing to the pressures of perfectionism. If you are looking for a space to slow down, better understand yourself, and improve your mood and outlook on life, then I want to work with you. I strongly believe in the power of self-awareness and gaining insight into our experiences, feelings, and behaviours. My aim is to walk with you through self-discovery and growth, and provide a safe, collaborative, and creative space to explore and take steps towards uncovering your inner resources and authentic self.
Have you been seeking relief from feelings of exhaustion, overwhelm, and anxiety? Maybe you've been experiencing burnout or succumbing to the pressures of perfectionism. If you are looking for a space to slow down, better understand yourself, and improve your mood and outlook on life, then I want to work with you. I strongly believe in the power of self-awareness and gaining insight into our experiences, feelings, and behaviours. My aim is to walk with you through self-discovery and growth, and provide a safe, collaborative, and creative space to explore and take steps towards uncovering your inner resources and authentic self.
(289) 273-7911 View (289) 273-7911
Photo of Kim Alison Foster Yardley, Psychologist in M5P, ON
Kim Alison Foster Yardley
Psychologist, MA, C, Psych
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5P  (Online Only)
I work with high performing founders, executives, teams & pro athletes. I will help you identify how your mindset is affecting your productivity and work performance. I'll teach you how to get in charge of your emotional state, how to recover faster from setbacks and how to shift from self-doubt to confidence. I can also help your team handle stress, navigate conflict and maintain cohesion so they can get the job done under pressure.
I work with high performing founders, executives, teams & pro athletes. I will help you identify how your mindset is affecting your productivity and work performance. I'll teach you how to get in charge of your emotional state, how to recover faster from setbacks and how to shift from self-doubt to confidence. I can also help your team handle stress, navigate conflict and maintain cohesion so they can get the job done under pressure.
(647) 957-9198 View (647) 957-9198
Photo of Schuler Sports Performance , Registered Social Worker in M5P, ON
Schuler Sports Performance
Registered Social Worker, PhD, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M5P
Schuler Sports Performance is a highly specialized, clinically comprehensive private clinic. Sports Performance services are offered to youth, young adults and pro-athletes and their families in Toronto and across Ontario. We are a multidisciplinary performance service made-up of psychology, social work, child and youth care, and psychiatry support. We teach concepts and strategies that allow athletes to manage high-performance moments and win!
Schuler Sports Performance is a highly specialized, clinically comprehensive private clinic. Sports Performance services are offered to youth, young adults and pro-athletes and their families in Toronto and across Ontario. We are a multidisciplinary performance service made-up of psychology, social work, child and youth care, and psychiatry support. We teach concepts and strategies that allow athletes to manage high-performance moments and win!
(647) 370-2406 View (647) 370-2406
Photo of Wainer Psychology , Psychologist in M5P, ON
Wainer Psychology
Psychologist, PsyD, CPsych
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M5P
Life can be a struggle at times; it's part of the journey of being human. Are you feeling stressed and thinking about seeking psychotherapy? I am a Toronto, Ontario psychologist with 20+ years of experience, with a clinical focus on adults (anxiety, depression, pregnancy, post-partum, parenting issues, high achieving perfectionistic professionals, difficulties with life-work balance, impact on self-esteem), university students, adolescents and families (of all ages). As a clinician I strive to bring warmth, kindness and humour to the therapeutic dialogue, hoping to create a safe, respectful, collaborative and supportive environment.
Life can be a struggle at times; it's part of the journey of being human. Are you feeling stressed and thinking about seeking psychotherapy? I am a Toronto, Ontario psychologist with 20+ years of experience, with a clinical focus on adults (anxiety, depression, pregnancy, post-partum, parenting issues, high achieving perfectionistic professionals, difficulties with life-work balance, impact on self-esteem), university students, adolescents and families (of all ages). As a clinician I strive to bring warmth, kindness and humour to the therapeutic dialogue, hoping to create a safe, respectful, collaborative and supportive environment.
(647) 931-9538 View (647) 931-9538
Photo of Mila Arsenijevic, Toronto Therapy Practice, Registered Social Worker in M5P, ON
Mila Arsenijevic, Toronto Therapy Practice
Registered Social Worker, MSW RSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5P
I provide psychotherapy and counselling to clients who struggle with anxiety and depression which can often be a result of unresolved past trauma, relationship or work stress and confidence issues. Are you a highly achieving individual who struggles with self esteem? Does this affect your work performance, interpersonal relationships and ultimately takes away from your ability to enjoy life? If so, we will work together to help you understand yourself on a deeper level, change unhelpful thinking patterns, identify strengths, build coping skills and move towards professional and personal success.
I provide psychotherapy and counselling to clients who struggle with anxiety and depression which can often be a result of unresolved past trauma, relationship or work stress and confidence issues. Are you a highly achieving individual who struggles with self esteem? Does this affect your work performance, interpersonal relationships and ultimately takes away from your ability to enjoy life? If so, we will work together to help you understand yourself on a deeper level, change unhelpful thinking patterns, identify strengths, build coping skills and move towards professional and personal success.
(647) 372-5183 View (647) 372-5183
Photo of Siegi A Schuler, Registered Social Worker in M5P, ON
Siegi A Schuler
Registered Social Worker, PhD, RSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5P
For more than 30-years, I have specialized in the assessment and treatment of children, adolescents, and adults who have experienced various mental health concerns. In addition, I provide assessment and counselling in the area of parent-child/adolescent issues; father-son conflict; youth addictions (sexual and substance abuse), court involved/at risk youth; and issues related to adolescent depression, disordered eating, and self-injury. I also work in the area of men's health, addressing such issues as depression and anger management; trauma; addictions; fatherhood; and martial/relationship counselling.
For more than 30-years, I have specialized in the assessment and treatment of children, adolescents, and adults who have experienced various mental health concerns. In addition, I provide assessment and counselling in the area of parent-child/adolescent issues; father-son conflict; youth addictions (sexual and substance abuse), court involved/at risk youth; and issues related to adolescent depression, disordered eating, and self-injury. I also work in the area of men's health, addressing such issues as depression and anger management; trauma; addictions; fatherhood; and martial/relationship counselling.
(416) 362-7472 View (416) 362-7472
Photo of Jamie Cecere, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) in M5P, ON
Jamie Cecere
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), CCPA
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M5P  (Online Only)
Are you feeling overwhelmed by life's challenges, struggling to navigate through difficult emotions, or simply seeking a safe space to explore and grow? I'm Jamie, a Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) with the CRPO, and I'm here to support you on your journey towards healing and self-discovery. In my practice, I truly believe you have the inherent resilience and self-knowledge to overcome your difficulties; what may be missing is a supportive and empathetic environment in which you can feel safe enough to explore these parts of yourself.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by life's challenges, struggling to navigate through difficult emotions, or simply seeking a safe space to explore and grow? I'm Jamie, a Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) with the CRPO, and I'm here to support you on your journey towards healing and self-discovery. In my practice, I truly believe you have the inherent resilience and self-knowledge to overcome your difficulties; what may be missing is a supportive and empathetic environment in which you can feel safe enough to explore these parts of yourself.
(365) 607-5275 View (365) 607-5275
Photo of Leslie Ann Molnar, Registered Social Worker in M5P, ON
Leslie Ann Molnar
Registered Social Worker, BSW, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5P  (Online Only)
Life is a process and journey that takes us in several different directions; sometimes we come to a crossroads where we must reconsider the direction our life is taking. Navigating the countless opportunities and challenges in life can often be overwhelming. In my practice, I work with you to explore options and possibilities for change; I believe that knowing you have choices in your life can foster hope and confidence in reaching your desired goals. As a trained Mental Health Practitioner and Addiction Specialist my areas of specialty include addictions, trauma, mood and anxiety disorders and interpersonal conflict.
Life is a process and journey that takes us in several different directions; sometimes we come to a crossroads where we must reconsider the direction our life is taking. Navigating the countless opportunities and challenges in life can often be overwhelming. In my practice, I work with you to explore options and possibilities for change; I believe that knowing you have choices in your life can foster hope and confidence in reaching your desired goals. As a trained Mental Health Practitioner and Addiction Specialist my areas of specialty include addictions, trauma, mood and anxiety disorders and interpersonal conflict.
(437) 747-2885 View (437) 747-2885
Photo of Anthony Reynolds, Pre-Licensed Professional in M5P, ON
Anthony Reynolds
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M5P
As humans, we all face challenges in life, both internal and external. But by actively working to confront and overcome these challenges, we can create a life that is meaningful and fulfilling. Emotional hardships are tough, but they can be overcome through self-exploration and healing, which can lead to a deep sense of purpose and authenticity. With proper guidance and mentorship, this process can be navigated with grace and self-acceptance.
As humans, we all face challenges in life, both internal and external. But by actively working to confront and overcome these challenges, we can create a life that is meaningful and fulfilling. Emotional hardships are tough, but they can be overcome through self-exploration and healing, which can lead to a deep sense of purpose and authenticity. With proper guidance and mentorship, this process can be navigated with grace and self-acceptance.
(249) 505-0579 View (249) 505-0579
Photo of Julia Loewi, Registered Social Worker in M5P, ON
Julia Loewi
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5P  (Online Only)
On the outside, you look like you've got it altogether. On the inside, you feel anything but. Your thoughts are racing, disorganized, overwhelming, and you don't know how to make them stop. It's the bad kind of familiar and you can't believe you're back here again, or still stuck. Maybe you've even tried therapy before and it didn't work. I can help. I work to make therapy fit YOU and not the other way around. My approach is holistic, strengths-based, and grounded in therapeutic approaches supported by evidence and extensive training. While there's no magic bullet, personalized therapy is the best kind of help.
On the outside, you look like you've got it altogether. On the inside, you feel anything but. Your thoughts are racing, disorganized, overwhelming, and you don't know how to make them stop. It's the bad kind of familiar and you can't believe you're back here again, or still stuck. Maybe you've even tried therapy before and it didn't work. I can help. I work to make therapy fit YOU and not the other way around. My approach is holistic, strengths-based, and grounded in therapeutic approaches supported by evidence and extensive training. While there's no magic bullet, personalized therapy is the best kind of help.
(647) 931-6677 View (647) 931-6677
Photo of Marilyn Lerner, Counsellor in M5P, ON
Marilyn Lerner
Counsellor, BFA
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M5P  (Online Only)
If you are suffering from feelings of anxiety or depression, which can happen for so many reasons, then I would like to help you. I am an experienced and dedicated psychotherapist. In order to deepen my understanding and expertise I am also an analytic candidate at the Toronto Institute for Contemporary Psychoanalysis. I am particularly experienced and interested in working with members of LGBT community, arts workers, those caring for aging parents, those considering midlife change of direction. My office is located at the Spadina subway.
If you are suffering from feelings of anxiety or depression, which can happen for so many reasons, then I would like to help you. I am an experienced and dedicated psychotherapist. In order to deepen my understanding and expertise I am also an analytic candidate at the Toronto Institute for Contemporary Psychoanalysis. I am particularly experienced and interested in working with members of LGBT community, arts workers, those caring for aging parents, those considering midlife change of direction. My office is located at the Spadina subway.
(416) 944-2557 View (416) 944-2557
Photo of Jupiter Vaughan, Registered Psychotherapist in M5P, ON
Jupiter Vaughan
Registered Psychotherapist, RP
Verified Verified
14 Endorsed
York, ON M5P  (Online Only)
Sometimes life can become overwhelming. In the midst of the many challenges we face, it can be difficult to remember that it is okay to feel confused, frustrated, angry, sad, or apathetic. As a Registered Psychotherapist (RP), my approach is client-centred. I assist people with discovering and accepting all the unique aspects of themselves, encouraging self-care and to speak freely without fear of judgement. The simple act of sharing our experiences and trials in our lives in a safe, comfortable space can help to begin the healing process.
Sometimes life can become overwhelming. In the midst of the many challenges we face, it can be difficult to remember that it is okay to feel confused, frustrated, angry, sad, or apathetic. As a Registered Psychotherapist (RP), my approach is client-centred. I assist people with discovering and accepting all the unique aspects of themselves, encouraging self-care and to speak freely without fear of judgement. The simple act of sharing our experiences and trials in our lives in a safe, comfortable space can help to begin the healing process.
(647) 699-4296 View (647) 699-4296
Photo of Zoe Marissa Klein, Registered Social Worker in M5P, ON
Zoe Marissa Klein
Registered Social Worker, MEd, MSW
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M5P
Are you a mom of a baby or toddler and feeling overwhelmed by the enormity of parenthood? Are you feeling frustrated with one of your children and unsure where to take this thought for fear of being judged? Are you desperately trying to break cycles of abuse and having trouble understanding your triggers? Or maybe none of this applies, but you are a mom wanting support . Either way, I would love to chat.
Are you a mom of a baby or toddler and feeling overwhelmed by the enormity of parenthood? Are you feeling frustrated with one of your children and unsure where to take this thought for fear of being judged? Are you desperately trying to break cycles of abuse and having trouble understanding your triggers? Or maybe none of this applies, but you are a mom wanting support . Either way, I would love to chat.
(437) 344-2918 View (437) 344-2918
Photo of Private Practice, Registered Social Worker in M5P, ON
Private Practice
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5P
I am a psychoanalyst and have been a psychotherapist for the past 14 years. My practice is trauma-informed, collaborative, anti-oppressive, multicultural, multiracial, multiethnic, and spans sexual orientation, gender identity, economic status and religious affiliation. My perspective is psychoanalytic but we are all different so I don't limit my approach. I am also trained in CBT and EFT. I am warm, empathetic, nonjudgemental and hope to work with you to create movement in your life. My areas of expertise include depression and other mood disorders, anxiety disorders, addiction, trauma.
I am a psychoanalyst and have been a psychotherapist for the past 14 years. My practice is trauma-informed, collaborative, anti-oppressive, multicultural, multiracial, multiethnic, and spans sexual orientation, gender identity, economic status and religious affiliation. My perspective is psychoanalytic but we are all different so I don't limit my approach. I am also trained in CBT and EFT. I am warm, empathetic, nonjudgemental and hope to work with you to create movement in your life. My areas of expertise include depression and other mood disorders, anxiety disorders, addiction, trauma.
(844) 904-6981 View (844) 904-6981
Photo of Creative Psychological Services, Psychologist in M5P, ON
Creative Psychological Services
Psychologist, PhD, CPsych
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M5P  (Online Only)
My patients come to me because they struggle or are distressed. They struggle to find meaningful solutions to problems in their life or the life of their child. Included are stress or trauma, learning and school-related concerns, depression, anxiety, coping, and relationship problems. The distress people experience is often related to the time and effort they have already put in to find solutions that, at least initially, seem out of reach. Also related, is the fact that my patients are usually successful in life. It is uncomfortable to be generally competent and face a situation where that competence has seemingly vanished.
My patients come to me because they struggle or are distressed. They struggle to find meaningful solutions to problems in their life or the life of their child. Included are stress or trauma, learning and school-related concerns, depression, anxiety, coping, and relationship problems. The distress people experience is often related to the time and effort they have already put in to find solutions that, at least initially, seem out of reach. Also related, is the fact that my patients are usually successful in life. It is uncomfortable to be generally competent and face a situation where that competence has seemingly vanished.
(647) 245-3584 View (647) 245-3584

See more therapy options for M5P


Psychodynamic Counsellors

Is psychodynamic therapy evidence-based?

Studies have found psychodynamic therapy to be effective in treating conditions like social anxiety, eating disorders, chronic pain, some personality disorders, and depression; indeed, some studies have found it to be just as effective as CBT or medication. What’s more, several studies have found that the benefits of psychodynamic therapy tend to endure—even grow—long after treatment has ended.

How long does psychodynamic therapy last?

Unlike CBT and other more structured forms of therapy, psychodynamic therapy tends to be open-ended and may not be limited to a set number of sessions. It is common for clients to be in therapy for a year or longer and to see their therapist one to three times a week, though the exact schedule and timeline may vary depending on a client’s challenges and progress. However, brief psychodynamic therapy is available, which tends to be more goal-oriented and typically unfolds over 16 to 30 sessions.

Does psychodynamic therapy work?

Research finds that psychodynamic therapy can help someone manage or reduce symptoms of diagnosable mental health conditions like depression or anxiety. The modality may also offer a range of benefits that are harder to measure but just as valuable—such as increased self-worth or healthier relationships. While no therapy type will work for everyone, research and anecdotal evidence suggest that psychodynamic therapy can be highly effective.

What are the limitations of psychodynamic therapy?

Some meta-analyses have concluded that there is little evidence to suggest that psychodynamic therapy can effectively treat certain mental health conditions such as PTSD, OCD, or psychosis, though it is sometimes used to do so. More broadly, the open-ended, free-association structure of psychodynamic therapy may be frustrating for clients who prefer a more structured, time-limited, or goal-oriented approach.