Therapists in Ruthven, ON

Photo of Pamela Lyn Baker, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, BA(H), MSW, RSW, CAC-II, TITC-CT
Pamela Lyn Baker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, BA(H), MSW, RSW, CAC-II, TITC-CT
1 Endorsed
Ruthven, ON N0P
I am a registered Social Worker (RSW) with over 20+ years of counselling experience in mental health and addiction. I’ve got a diverse background having worked with clients in group homes, youth homes and corrections, victim services, addiction centres, and community health centres. I have unique expertise in trauma counselling, including the Traumatic Incident Reduction and Psychedelic-Assisted psychotherapy. I also have a holistic approach to counselling, and I like to explore the mind, body, and spirit using my certification as an Integrative Mental Health Professional. I also specialize in addictions and mood disorders.
I am a registered Social Worker (RSW) with over 20+ years of counselling experience in mental health and addiction. I’ve got a diverse background having worked with clients in group homes, youth homes and corrections, victim services, addiction centres, and community health centres. I have unique expertise in trauma counselling, including the Traumatic Incident Reduction and Psychedelic-Assisted psychotherapy. I also have a holistic approach to counselling, and I like to explore the mind, body, and spirit using my certification as an Integrative Mental Health Professional. I also specialize in addictions and mood disorders.
(519) 980-5365 View (519) 980-5365

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Rachel Hart VanDorsselaer, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MACP
Rachel Hart VanDorsselaer
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MACP
Wallaceburg, ON N8A
Grief can feel overwhelming, disorienting, and heavy, whether you're mourning a loved one, a relationship, a version of yourself, or navigating an unexpected change. Reaching out for support during such a vulnerable time takes courage—and if you’re here, you’ve already taken an important first step. There is no “right way” or timeline for grieving. As an RP (Qualifying), I offer a compassionate space where your grief is welcomed and understood. Together, we can slow things down, make sense of what you’re carrying, honour what has been lost, and explore ways to cope, rebuild, and move forward at a pace that feels right for you.
Grief can feel overwhelming, disorienting, and heavy, whether you're mourning a loved one, a relationship, a version of yourself, or navigating an unexpected change. Reaching out for support during such a vulnerable time takes courage—and if you’re here, you’ve already taken an important first step. There is no “right way” or timeline for grieving. As an RP (Qualifying), I offer a compassionate space where your grief is welcomed and understood. Together, we can slow things down, make sense of what you’re carrying, honour what has been lost, and explore ways to cope, rebuild, and move forward at a pace that feels right for you.
(226) 542-4302 View (226) 542-4302
Photo of Michelle Janevski, Registered Psychotherapist, RP
Michelle Janevski
Registered Psychotherapist, RP
2 Endorsed
Chatham, ON N7L
If you're feeling overwhelmed, stuck in patterns that no longer serve you, or are navigating the challenges of anxiety, depression, or a mental health diagnosis, you're not alone. I offer a safe, compassionate environment where you can begin to reconnect, heal, and thrive. Therapy is a collaborative journey. I’ll walk alongside you with empathy and curiosity, helping you reconnect with your strengths and build a life that feels more aligned with who you truly are. Together, we’ll create a path forward that feels authentic for you.
If you're feeling overwhelmed, stuck in patterns that no longer serve you, or are navigating the challenges of anxiety, depression, or a mental health diagnosis, you're not alone. I offer a safe, compassionate environment where you can begin to reconnect, heal, and thrive. Therapy is a collaborative journey. I’ll walk alongside you with empathy and curiosity, helping you reconnect with your strengths and build a life that feels more aligned with who you truly are. Together, we’ll create a path forward that feels authentic for you.
(519) 796-9947 View (519) 796-9947
Photo of Lisa Milloy (Allison), Registered Social Worker, MSW
Lisa Milloy (Allison)
Registered Social Worker, MSW
Serves Area
You’re doing your best to hold it all together—managing work, parenting, relationships, or just the weight of a busy mind. Some days you feel steady; other days, you’re anxious, overwhelmed, or running on empty. You might be a parent worried about your child or teen, or an adult who’s lost touch with your sense of self. You want to feel grounded, connected, and have a space where you don’t need to pretend you’re fine.
You’re doing your best to hold it all together—managing work, parenting, relationships, or just the weight of a busy mind. Some days you feel steady; other days, you’re anxious, overwhelmed, or running on empty. You might be a parent worried about your child or teen, or an adult who’s lost touch with your sense of self. You want to feel grounded, connected, and have a space where you don’t need to pretend you’re fine.
(226) 705-1026 View (226) 705-1026
Photo of Adnan Zoubi - Centre For Psychodynamic Insights, Registered Psychotherapist, MA, HBA, RP
Centre For Psychodynamic Insights
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, HBA, RP
Online Only
The Centre for Psychodynamic Insights is a virtual psychotherapy clinic specializing in Psychodynamic psychotherapy. This approach focuses on revealing, understanding, and resolving underlying emotions and root causes of symptoms through evidence-based interventions and a comprehensive treatment plan. With an in-depth collaborative discussion and analysis of unconscious thoughts and emotions from childhood until the present day, we can explore how they inform us today to help relieve symptoms and develop targeted strategies to foster change.
The Centre for Psychodynamic Insights is a virtual psychotherapy clinic specializing in Psychodynamic psychotherapy. This approach focuses on revealing, understanding, and resolving underlying emotions and root causes of symptoms through evidence-based interventions and a comprehensive treatment plan. With an in-depth collaborative discussion and analysis of unconscious thoughts and emotions from childhood until the present day, we can explore how they inform us today to help relieve symptoms and develop targeted strategies to foster change.
(437) 907-6850 View (437) 907-6850
Photo of Jaclyn Darling, Registered Psychotherapist, BA, MACP
Jaclyn Darling
Registered Psychotherapist, BA, MACP
1 Endorsed
Chatham, ON N7L
I am a Registered Psychotherapist with the College of Registered Psychotherapists of Ontario, working with teens (16+), adults, and couples who are navigating anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, low self-esteem and relationship issues. I hold a Bachelor of Arts (Honours) in Psychology with a minor in Women’s and Gender Studies from the University of Windsor, and a Master of Arts in Counselling Psychology from Yorkville University. I am especially passionate about supporting individuals in the perinatal period, and am certified in Perinatal Mental Health, Perinatal Grief and Loss, and Birth and Reproductive Trauma.
I am a Registered Psychotherapist with the College of Registered Psychotherapists of Ontario, working with teens (16+), adults, and couples who are navigating anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, low self-esteem and relationship issues. I hold a Bachelor of Arts (Honours) in Psychology with a minor in Women’s and Gender Studies from the University of Windsor, and a Master of Arts in Counselling Psychology from Yorkville University. I am especially passionate about supporting individuals in the perinatal period, and am certified in Perinatal Mental Health, Perinatal Grief and Loss, and Birth and Reproductive Trauma.
(226) 918-9200 View (226) 918-9200
Photo of Nicole Visser, Registered Psychotherapist, BA Hons, MA, RP
Nicole Visser
Registered Psychotherapist, BA Hons, MA, RP
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Welcome to therapy! Congratulations, you just took a huge and courageous step towards a happier, healthier you. There are many reasons you may have landed here. Perhaps you’re experiencing anxiety, depression, relationship conflict, burnout, trauma or a variety of overwhelming thoughts and feelings. Maybe you struggle to set healthy boundaries or communicate effectively with others. Perhaps you need extra support while navigating daily stressors or major life transitions. Together we will explore your life with curiosity and compassion.
Welcome to therapy! Congratulations, you just took a huge and courageous step towards a happier, healthier you. There are many reasons you may have landed here. Perhaps you’re experiencing anxiety, depression, relationship conflict, burnout, trauma or a variety of overwhelming thoughts and feelings. Maybe you struggle to set healthy boundaries or communicate effectively with others. Perhaps you need extra support while navigating daily stressors or major life transitions. Together we will explore your life with curiosity and compassion.
(226) 546-1724 View (226) 546-1724
Photo of Rune Bland, Registered Social Worker, BSW, MSW, RSW
Rune Bland
Registered Social Worker, BSW, MSW, RSW
2 Endorsed
Chatham, ON N7L
If you feel like you are navigating a world not set up for how your mind works, you are welcome here. As a neurodivergent, queer, and disabled social worker, I work with clients to co-create a space where we can address the struggles together. I work with youth 10+, adults, caregivers, and older adults, providing support that is trauma-focused, radically neurodiversity-affirming, and anti-oppressive. I hope to help you move through life with greater ease and confidence, working with your brain instead of against it.
If you feel like you are navigating a world not set up for how your mind works, you are welcome here. As a neurodivergent, queer, and disabled social worker, I work with clients to co-create a space where we can address the struggles together. I work with youth 10+, adults, caregivers, and older adults, providing support that is trauma-focused, radically neurodiversity-affirming, and anti-oppressive. I hope to help you move through life with greater ease and confidence, working with your brain instead of against it.
(226) 243-0874 View (226) 243-0874
Photo of Katey Coffey, Registered Psychotherapist, MACP, BA
Katey Coffey
Registered Psychotherapist, MACP, BA
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
I help perfectionists find balance in their relationships and work. I help burned out individuals heal from chronic stress. I work with intelligent, capable and anxious individuals and their caregivers/ family members. Whether it is perfectionism, burnout, undiagnosed neurodivergence or chronic illness, we can work together to understand and heal the anxious and depressive symptoms causing your daily distress.
I help perfectionists find balance in their relationships and work. I help burned out individuals heal from chronic stress. I work with intelligent, capable and anxious individuals and their caregivers/ family members. Whether it is perfectionism, burnout, undiagnosed neurodivergence or chronic illness, we can work together to understand and heal the anxious and depressive symptoms causing your daily distress.
(226) 773-2209 View (226) 773-2209
Photo of Emily Spagnolo, Registered Social Worker, BA Psyc, MSW, RSW
Emily Spagnolo
Registered Social Worker, BA Psyc, MSW, RSW
Chatham, ON N7M
Life can be challenging, but it shouldn’t be made harder by suffering. Each person experiences their own unique sources of pain. In our therapeutic relationship, I aim to help you identify the root causes of your suffering and guide you toward healing. Together, we’ll set goals, choose methods, and establish a pace that feels right for you. My focus is on supporting and empowering you to tackle your challenges and take charge of your life as you move toward a future shaped by your own aspirations, free from past pain and obstacles.
Life can be challenging, but it shouldn’t be made harder by suffering. Each person experiences their own unique sources of pain. In our therapeutic relationship, I aim to help you identify the root causes of your suffering and guide you toward healing. Together, we’ll set goals, choose methods, and establish a pace that feels right for you. My focus is on supporting and empowering you to tackle your challenges and take charge of your life as you move toward a future shaped by your own aspirations, free from past pain and obstacles.
(226) 806-0609 View (226) 806-0609
Photo of Angela Masse, RN, BScN
Angela Masse
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Every individual experiences life challenges at some time or another and it can be very difficult to reach out for help. I offer a client-centered and strengths-based approach. We will work collaboratively to discover new ways to cope with the life challenges you are facing. I have diverse practice experience within health and mental health settings. As a RN, psychotherapist I offer services to individuals, couples, and families, through the lifespan, who struggle with a variety of challenges, such as, anxiety, depression, digital dependency, and more.
Every individual experiences life challenges at some time or another and it can be very difficult to reach out for help. I offer a client-centered and strengths-based approach. We will work collaboratively to discover new ways to cope with the life challenges you are facing. I have diverse practice experience within health and mental health settings. As a RN, psychotherapist I offer services to individuals, couples, and families, through the lifespan, who struggle with a variety of challenges, such as, anxiety, depression, digital dependency, and more.
(226) 917-9265 View (226) 917-9265
Photo of Scott Alan Fleming - Quantum Life Changes, MNLP, CBGF, ADAC, RCC
Quantum Life Changes
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Tired of living an unauthentic life, trying to deal with addictions, anger issues, anxiety/depression or ongoing relationship issues? I CAN HELP. I have for over twenty five years worked with people from around the world on a myriad of LIFE issues, having international living, travel and study experience. If you , your son/daughter, spouse, or loved one are having difficulty please give me a call and speak with me personally- Scott Fleming.
Tired of living an unauthentic life, trying to deal with addictions, anger issues, anxiety/depression or ongoing relationship issues? I CAN HELP. I have for over twenty five years worked with people from around the world on a myriad of LIFE issues, having international living, travel and study experience. If you , your son/daughter, spouse, or loved one are having difficulty please give me a call and speak with me personally- Scott Fleming.
(519) 995-1264 View (519) 995-1264
Photo of Maritza Rodriguez-Arseneau, Counsellor, MEd, RP, CCC
Maritza Rodriguez-Arseneau
Counsellor, MEd, RP, CCC
Wallaceburg, ON N8A
I offer in person services as well as convenient online video appointments. I personalize my services to the needs of my clients as my philosophy is that every person recognizes the importance to self-determine their own choices in an empowering environment. I have practiced for over 25 years, helping individuals and couples overcome difficulties and challenges.
I offer in person services as well as convenient online video appointments. I personalize my services to the needs of my clients as my philosophy is that every person recognizes the importance to self-determine their own choices in an empowering environment. I have practiced for over 25 years, helping individuals and couples overcome difficulties and challenges.
(226) 640-4376 View (226) 640-4376
Photo of Josh Armstrong - Mindstrong Counselling (Josh Armstrong), Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MA, CCC
Mindstrong Counselling (Josh Armstrong)
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MA, CCC
1 Endorsed
Belle River, ON N0R
At Mindstrong Counselling, we strive to provide a relaxed, warm and safe atmosphere where our clients feel comfortable discussing their personal lives and what type of mental health symptoms have been impacting their daily functioning. Mindstrong takes pride in providing a client-centered approach where the client and counsellor work together to identify and achieve goals while improving overall mental wellness.
At Mindstrong Counselling, we strive to provide a relaxed, warm and safe atmosphere where our clients feel comfortable discussing their personal lives and what type of mental health symptoms have been impacting their daily functioning. Mindstrong takes pride in providing a client-centered approach where the client and counsellor work together to identify and achieve goals while improving overall mental wellness.
(226) 840-9184 View (226) 840-9184
Photo of Emily Toll, Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Emily Toll
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
5 Endorsed
Chatham, ON N7L
Reaching out for help & starting (or continuing) your healing journey is a big step. So first, I just wanted to say that I am proud of you for showing up for yourself! Whether you have a specific concern you want to discuss, a personal goal you want to work towards, or you are simply just feeling “off” – I would love the opportunity to work with you. In my practice, I strive to offer a safe, welcoming & non-judgmental space. I believe that each person is the expert of their own life and no two experiences are ever the same. I approach every interaction with curiosity and compassion, allowing my clients the space to tell their story.
Reaching out for help & starting (or continuing) your healing journey is a big step. So first, I just wanted to say that I am proud of you for showing up for yourself! Whether you have a specific concern you want to discuss, a personal goal you want to work towards, or you are simply just feeling “off” – I would love the opportunity to work with you. In my practice, I strive to offer a safe, welcoming & non-judgmental space. I believe that each person is the expert of their own life and no two experiences are ever the same. I approach every interaction with curiosity and compassion, allowing my clients the space to tell their story.
(226) 796-6667 View (226) 796-6667
Photo of Helen Margaret Northcott - Choose A Lifestyle Counselling, Registered Psychotherapist, MA, RP, CCC
Choose A Lifestyle Counselling
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, RP, CCC
Dresden, ON N0P
Clients with depression, anxiety, substance abuse and broken relationships find my person-centered approach helpful. I listen and guide one's feelings so that the root of the problem surfaces for healing. Planning goals together gives the best outcome. Choosing to take notes and following through with home work always gives an advantage to progress to meeting goals.
Clients with depression, anxiety, substance abuse and broken relationships find my person-centered approach helpful. I listen and guide one's feelings so that the root of the problem surfaces for healing. Planning goals together gives the best outcome. Choosing to take notes and following through with home work always gives an advantage to progress to meeting goals.
(289) 768-7912 View (289) 768-7912
Photo of Jennifer Johns, Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Jennifer Johns
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
1 Endorsed
Blenheim, ON N0P
Located within McLauchlin Wellness Clinic, my practice provides an opportunity for individuals to achieve overall wellness. Personal Counselling can support an individual's goals in resolving issues pertaining to mental health and/or life challenges. Within an anti-oppressive framework, various approaches to counselling may be used including: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Strength-Based, and Narrative Therapy. Personal improvement is possible through the use of a holistic, person centred approach. Therapy techniques utilized are based upon client needs.
Located within McLauchlin Wellness Clinic, my practice provides an opportunity for individuals to achieve overall wellness. Personal Counselling can support an individual's goals in resolving issues pertaining to mental health and/or life challenges. Within an anti-oppressive framework, various approaches to counselling may be used including: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Strength-Based, and Narrative Therapy. Personal improvement is possible through the use of a holistic, person centred approach. Therapy techniques utilized are based upon client needs.
(226) 781-3960 View (226) 781-3960
Photo of Jennifer L Andrews, Registered Social Worker, BA, BSW, RSW
Jennifer L Andrews
Registered Social Worker, BA, BSW, RSW
Chatham, ON N7M
You are not alone! I work with a variety of people from all circles of life who feel that there is more to their life than just going through the motions. Thoughts and feelings can hold people back from reaching their goals. I guide my clients through the clutter of the toxic thoughts and restricting beliefs and help them learn effective strategies to create the freedom they deserve and to lead a fulfilling, joyful life. I work with people who are tired of living their life by other people's rule and expectations. I help people who are ready to take action and create a life full of joy that they know is out there waiting for them.
You are not alone! I work with a variety of people from all circles of life who feel that there is more to their life than just going through the motions. Thoughts and feelings can hold people back from reaching their goals. I guide my clients through the clutter of the toxic thoughts and restricting beliefs and help them learn effective strategies to create the freedom they deserve and to lead a fulfilling, joyful life. I work with people who are tired of living their life by other people's rule and expectations. I help people who are ready to take action and create a life full of joy that they know is out there waiting for them.
(226) 916-5433 View (226) 916-5433
Photo of Maria Amato, Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Maria Amato
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I am accepting new clients and have availability on evenings and weekends. I have experience working with individuals who struggle with anxiety and depression, relationship or personal issues, and may have experienced trauma. We will work together to create momentum towards what you want for your life and get relief from present-day symptoms and restore control to your life.
I am accepting new clients and have availability on evenings and weekends. I have experience working with individuals who struggle with anxiety and depression, relationship or personal issues, and may have experienced trauma. We will work together to create momentum towards what you want for your life and get relief from present-day symptoms and restore control to your life.
(548) 290-9327 View (548) 290-9327
Photo of Laura Pageau - Lambton Counselling Services, Registered Psychotherapist, MA, RP, NLP
Lambton Counselling Services
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, RP, NLP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
As solution-focused therapists, our goal is to help you uncover your true potential and lead a life that is worth celebrating. Lambton Counselling Services is committed to making an inspired contribution to personal growth and encouraging health in all states: Mental, Emotional, Physical, and Spiritual. Our mandate is to support clients in identifying and resolving the issues that stop them from experiencing their lives to the fullest. Situated in downtown Sarnia, Lambton Counselling Services is designed to meet a wide range of needs through individual and couples therapy, group work, and workshops.
As solution-focused therapists, our goal is to help you uncover your true potential and lead a life that is worth celebrating. Lambton Counselling Services is committed to making an inspired contribution to personal growth and encouraging health in all states: Mental, Emotional, Physical, and Spiritual. Our mandate is to support clients in identifying and resolving the issues that stop them from experiencing their lives to the fullest. Situated in downtown Sarnia, Lambton Counselling Services is designed to meet a wide range of needs through individual and couples therapy, group work, and workshops.
(226) 212-4628 View (226) 212-4628

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Ruthven, ON

< 10

Counsellors in Ruthven, ON who prioritize treating:

100% Child
100% Relationship Issues
100% Domestic Abuse
100% ADHD
100% Eating Disorders
100% Depression
100% Addiction

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Great-West Life
100% Green Shield Canada
100% SunLife

How Counsellors in Ruthven, ON see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

100% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Ruthven?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postal code, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postal code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Most Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are certified by one of the main professional associations, mainly the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association (CCPA), and will have a Certified Canadian Counsellor (CCC) designation with their name. Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered members of the college specific to their province. To be listed in the directory, Psychologists must be registered with the psychological college specific to their province or territory.

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given the considerable variation in professional regulation and prerequisites across Canadian provinces, some providers may possess significant professional qualifications without necessarily holding professional memberships or being obliged to acquire them. As a result, they may be selectively included without the "Verified" seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors, psychotherapists and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in Canada.

Psychologists have a master's and/or doctoral degree and have passed both written and oral exams. Psychologists are able to complete mental health assessments and provide diagnostic information to clients as well as provide counselling therapy or psychotherapy. Counsellors and psychotherapists are expected to have a master's or doctoral degree in counselling psychology, social work, or a related mental health discipline and certification by a professional association, such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association. Registered Social Workers possess a Bachelor's or Master's degree in Social Work and where possible must be licensed or certified by the provincial government and/or regulatory college.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Canada could be between $100 and $200. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. Some types of outpatient mental health services are covered by Medicare, provided these are performed by a licensed mental health professional in the provinces or territory you reside in and who accepts the assignment.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postal code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Professionals licensed by regulatory colleges and those certified by associations such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association are obligated to uphold client confidentiality unless there is a legal reason that requires them to disclose information. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others, or a court order, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.