ADHD Therapists in Elmira, ON

Photo of Carla Bertolin-Siegmund, Registered Psychotherapist, RP
Carla Bertolin-Siegmund
Registered Psychotherapist, RP
Elmira, ON N3B
Carla is Registered Psychotherapist (RP) with over a decade of experience helping individuals, couples and families facing a variety of mental health and life challenges including depression, anxiety, trauma, life transitions, relationship and marriage challenges, grief/loss, emotional regulation, and self-esteem/self-worth. She specializes in perinatal mental health and perinatal loss. Her therapeutic approach is deeply rooted in Internal Family Systems (IFS), a transformative model that views the mind as composed of distinct “parts.”
Carla is Registered Psychotherapist (RP) with over a decade of experience helping individuals, couples and families facing a variety of mental health and life challenges including depression, anxiety, trauma, life transitions, relationship and marriage challenges, grief/loss, emotional regulation, and self-esteem/self-worth. She specializes in perinatal mental health and perinatal loss. Her therapeutic approach is deeply rooted in Internal Family Systems (IFS), a transformative model that views the mind as composed of distinct “parts.”
(647) 493-2649 View (647) 493-2649
Photo of Mary Wilhelm - Woolwich Counselling Centre, Registered Social Worker, MSW RSW
Woolwich Counselling Centre
Registered Social Worker, MSW RSW
1 Endorsed
Elmira, ON N3B
Woolwich Counselling Centre is dedicated to providing the highest quality of professional counselling services to individuals in Woolwich / Wellesley Townships and surrounding areas. All therapists have a minimum of a Masters degree in Social Work, Psychology or a related field and are registered with their respective professional colleges. Counselling fees are often covered by extended health benefits. Our fees are geared to income, based on a sliding fee scale and service is offered regardless of ability to pay.
Woolwich Counselling Centre is dedicated to providing the highest quality of professional counselling services to individuals in Woolwich / Wellesley Townships and surrounding areas. All therapists have a minimum of a Masters degree in Social Work, Psychology or a related field and are registered with their respective professional colleges. Counselling fees are often covered by extended health benefits. Our fees are geared to income, based on a sliding fee scale and service is offered regardless of ability to pay.
(226) 773-1646 View (226) 773-1646
Photo of Kayla Holliday, Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Kayla Holliday
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
I have also worked with members of the LGBTQ community, Indigenous folks, those with ADHD, autism, depression, anxiety, personality disorders, and more.
I became a Social Worker because of this intrinsic desire to walk alongside people through their pain and into their growth. As I’ve continued my own growth, both personally and professionally, I have developed a deep passion for working with folks across the lifespan, from ages 8 to 90, as they work towards healing and peace. I have worked with folks with various neurotypes, substance use and addiction, those experiencing housing insecurity and poverty, intimate partner violence/domestic violence, trauma and attachment challenges, self-esteem, emotion regulation, self-harm, suicidal ideation/suicidality, Dementia, and TBI/ABIs.
I have also worked with members of the LGBTQ community, Indigenous folks, those with ADHD, autism, depression, anxiety, personality disorders, and more.
I became a Social Worker because of this intrinsic desire to walk alongside people through their pain and into their growth. As I’ve continued my own growth, both personally and professionally, I have developed a deep passion for working with folks across the lifespan, from ages 8 to 90, as they work towards healing and peace. I have worked with folks with various neurotypes, substance use and addiction, those experiencing housing insecurity and poverty, intimate partner violence/domestic violence, trauma and attachment challenges, self-esteem, emotion regulation, self-harm, suicidal ideation/suicidality, Dementia, and TBI/ABIs.
(548) 483-6734 View (548) 483-6734
Photo of Polina Fedotenko, Registered Psychotherapist, MA
Polina Fedotenko
Registered Psychotherapist, MA
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Accepting New Clients in person and virtually. Do you feel disheartened by your current circumstances? Maybe you’ve lost that spark of enthusiasm for your career, or stress from work is spilling into relationships with family and friends. From a lack of motivation to complete burnout, the stress of balancing work and personal life can feel overwhelming. You know you have more to offer the world but don’t know where to start. The courage and direction you need is within you, and I can help you explore the small shifts, or big changes, you can make to rediscover your purpose and move forward with confidence.
Accepting New Clients in person and virtually. Do you feel disheartened by your current circumstances? Maybe you’ve lost that spark of enthusiasm for your career, or stress from work is spilling into relationships with family and friends. From a lack of motivation to complete burnout, the stress of balancing work and personal life can feel overwhelming. You know you have more to offer the world but don’t know where to start. The courage and direction you need is within you, and I can help you explore the small shifts, or big changes, you can make to rediscover your purpose and move forward with confidence.
(226) 212-7078 View (226) 212-7078
Photo of Stone Silo - Stone Silo Counselling & Wellness, Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW, MA, RP, CRPO
Stone Silo Counselling & Wellness
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW, MA, RP, CRPO
Serves Area
Many of the individuals we counsel seek help with various issues, ranging from emotional to physical well-being. Our team provides support and guidance on these topics for our clients to understand and enhance their overall quality of life, such as emotional support, problem-solving, growth and self-improvement, empowerment, and relief from symptoms. Seeking guidance and understanding is a step towards self-exploration. At Stone Silo, clients can find the support they need to express their innermost distress in an environment of acceptance and security - allowing them to identify new paths for growth with confidence.
Many of the individuals we counsel seek help with various issues, ranging from emotional to physical well-being. Our team provides support and guidance on these topics for our clients to understand and enhance their overall quality of life, such as emotional support, problem-solving, growth and self-improvement, empowerment, and relief from symptoms. Seeking guidance and understanding is a step towards self-exploration. At Stone Silo, clients can find the support they need to express their innermost distress in an environment of acceptance and security - allowing them to identify new paths for growth with confidence.
(226) 444-9562 View (226) 444-9562
Photo of Jennifer Gould, Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Jennifer Gould
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
2 Endorsed
Online Only
I offer therapy to children, youth & adults of diverse backgrounds to provide support with a variety of mental health concerns, including anxiety, depression, OCD, ADHD, self-esteem issues, emotional dysregulation, executive functioning, chronic illness, identity exploration, end of life care & more.
have worked in both inpatient and outpatient hospital settings. In my practice, I incorporate evidence-based therapies, neuroscience, and a systems-level lens to acknowledge the realities and challenges of the world we all live in. My practice is culturally sensitive, LGBTQIA+ affirmative, and anti-ableist.
I offer therapy to children, youth & adults of diverse backgrounds to provide support with a variety of mental health concerns, including anxiety, depression, OCD, ADHD, self-esteem issues, emotional dysregulation, executive functioning, chronic illness, identity exploration, end of life care & more.
have worked in both inpatient and outpatient hospital settings. In my practice, I incorporate evidence-based therapies, neuroscience, and a systems-level lens to acknowledge the realities and challenges of the world we all live in. My practice is culturally sensitive, LGBTQIA+ affirmative, and anti-ableist.
(249) 209-5140 View (249) 209-5140
Photo of Sarah Allen, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MA
Sarah Allen
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MA
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Are you feeling overwhelmed by your emotions and/or disconnected from them? I am here to meet you where you are and support you in reconnecting to yourself in a gentle, meaningful way. Together, we’ll move through challenges at your own pace and create space for healing and growth. I work with children, youth/teens, adults of all ages, couples, and families. My approach is client-centred and flexible, shaped around what feels most comfortable and natural for you, whether that’s talking things through or exploring creative approaches (such as Sand Tray).
Are you feeling overwhelmed by your emotions and/or disconnected from them? I am here to meet you where you are and support you in reconnecting to yourself in a gentle, meaningful way. Together, we’ll move through challenges at your own pace and create space for healing and growth. I work with children, youth/teens, adults of all ages, couples, and families. My approach is client-centred and flexible, shaped around what feels most comfortable and natural for you, whether that’s talking things through or exploring creative approaches (such as Sand Tray).
View
Photo of Ezra Branderhorst, Registered Social Worker, MSW
Ezra Branderhorst
Registered Social Worker, MSW
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Including depression, anxiety, OCD, panic, phobias, anger, ADHD, addiction, and trauma.
I help people who are ready for change and have tried other methods with little success. Even small steps toward change can lead to significant progress. I offer a partnership with a relaxed approach that works at your pace, with you in control.
Including depression, anxiety, OCD, panic, phobias, anger, ADHD, addiction, and trauma.
I help people who are ready for change and have tried other methods with little success. Even small steps toward change can lead to significant progress. I offer a partnership with a relaxed approach that works at your pace, with you in control.
(226) 907-5027 View (226) 907-5027
Photo of Mary Emily Crome, Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW, PMH-C
Mary Emily Crome
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW, PMH-C
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Mary Crome BA, MSW, RSW is versatile and experienced individual and couples therapist who is also a internationally registered (PSI) perinatal mental health counsellor. She takes a strengths based, trauma informed approach to support individuals and/or couples navigate life's challenges. Mary's primary area of focus in Elora is those working to conceive, those who have experienced pregnancy or infant loss, post partem depression, post partem anxiety, new parents and couples navigating the transition into the next phase. Mary is also well equipped to support teens, couples, and individuals work through a variety of transitions.
Mary Crome BA, MSW, RSW is versatile and experienced individual and couples therapist who is also a internationally registered (PSI) perinatal mental health counsellor. She takes a strengths based, trauma informed approach to support individuals and/or couples navigate life's challenges. Mary's primary area of focus in Elora is those working to conceive, those who have experienced pregnancy or infant loss, post partem depression, post partem anxiety, new parents and couples navigating the transition into the next phase. Mary is also well equipped to support teens, couples, and individuals work through a variety of transitions.
(226) 640-8946 View (226) 640-8946
Photo of Rebecca Dupont, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MA, BEd, RP(Q), OCT
Rebecca Dupont
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MA, BEd, RP(Q), OCT
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Not accepting new clients
I work with individuals and couples, specializing in healthy relationships, ADHD management, women's health, career/ education support and trauma.
I personally know how it feels to be overwhelmed by the demands of school, work, everyday responsibilities and personal relationships. When challenged by the symptoms of AD(H)D, anxiety or depression everyone can become burdened by life's distractions, unable to prioritize and find the time to nurture relationships, pursue personal interests, meet desired goals and find peace and happiness in our day. To facilitate the changes you would like to see, I will create a safe place to process relationship issues, symptoms related to AD(H)D, trauma, depression, anxiety that have impacted your quality of life.
I work with individuals and couples, specializing in healthy relationships, ADHD management, women's health, career/ education support and trauma.
I personally know how it feels to be overwhelmed by the demands of school, work, everyday responsibilities and personal relationships. When challenged by the symptoms of AD(H)D, anxiety or depression everyone can become burdened by life's distractions, unable to prioritize and find the time to nurture relationships, pursue personal interests, meet desired goals and find peace and happiness in our day. To facilitate the changes you would like to see, I will create a safe place to process relationship issues, symptoms related to AD(H)D, trauma, depression, anxiety that have impacted your quality of life.
(226) 779-7726 View (226) 779-7726

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Victoria Smith, Registered Social Worker, MSW , RSW
Victoria Smith
Registered Social Worker, MSW , RSW
Waterloo, ON N2V
I have years of experience supporting children, youth and families with mental health diagnosis ( ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, Autism, Trauma) and related social, emotional and behavioural challenges.
Do you struggle with feeling disconnected from yourself and how you want to be living your life? Is it hard to find the motivation to do the things you know you should do? Ever wake up in the morning wondering what your purpose is or start your day with a sense of dread? Is your life not going the way you thought it would? Have you been through a traumatic event and are finding it hard to get back into the groove of things? Do you lack fulfillment in close relationships in your life? Do you wonder how you got here and if things could be better? In-Person in Kitchener and Barry's Bay, virtual and text-based therapy available!
I have years of experience supporting children, youth and families with mental health diagnosis ( ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, Autism, Trauma) and related social, emotional and behavioural challenges.
Do you struggle with feeling disconnected from yourself and how you want to be living your life? Is it hard to find the motivation to do the things you know you should do? Ever wake up in the morning wondering what your purpose is or start your day with a sense of dread? Is your life not going the way you thought it would? Have you been through a traumatic event and are finding it hard to get back into the groove of things? Do you lack fulfillment in close relationships in your life? Do you wonder how you got here and if things could be better? In-Person in Kitchener and Barry's Bay, virtual and text-based therapy available!
(226) 894-0605 View (226) 894-0605
Photo of Chloe Fansher, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), BA, MA
Chloe Fansher
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), BA, MA
1 Endorsed
Kitchener, ON N2H
Are you navigating life with ADHD, autism spectrum disorder, neurodivergence, or an intellectual disability?
I offer a personalized and integrative approach that draws from CBT, DBT, psychoanalytic, and psychodynamic therapies. Together, we’ll adapt these methods to your unique needs and goals. My priority is to create a supportive, collaborative space where we can explore your patterns, emotions, and what brings meaning to your life.
Are you navigating life with ADHD, autism spectrum disorder, neurodivergence, or an intellectual disability?
I offer a personalized and integrative approach that draws from CBT, DBT, psychoanalytic, and psychodynamic therapies. Together, we’ll adapt these methods to your unique needs and goals. My priority is to create a supportive, collaborative space where we can explore your patterns, emotions, and what brings meaning to your life.
(548) 490-0053 View (548) 490-0053
Photo of Anna Riddell 🌈 - Anna Riddell @ KCC 🌈, Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Anna Riddell @ KCC 🌈
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I have a special interest in working with folks who identify as neurodivergent ( ADHD, Autism, ADD, Learning Disabilities, etc.), 2S-LGBTQIA+ and allies!
Hey, I’m Anna (she/her), and it's nice to virtually meet you! As a therapist at Kaleidoscope Counselling Collective, I'm passionate about supporting couples struggling with communication, infidelity, intimacy, blended families and/or parenting, I’m here to support you and your partner(s) with healing, growing and repairing your connection. I work with monogamous and poly-amorous folks, of all sexualities and genders. I also support individual teens & adults with many different concerns, including issues with anxiety, depression, overwhelm, life transitions, etc.
I have a special interest in working with folks who identify as neurodivergent ( ADHD, Autism, ADD, Learning Disabilities, etc.), 2S-LGBTQIA+ and allies!
Hey, I’m Anna (she/her), and it's nice to virtually meet you! As a therapist at Kaleidoscope Counselling Collective, I'm passionate about supporting couples struggling with communication, infidelity, intimacy, blended families and/or parenting, I’m here to support you and your partner(s) with healing, growing and repairing your connection. I work with monogamous and poly-amorous folks, of all sexualities and genders. I also support individual teens & adults with many different concerns, including issues with anxiety, depression, overwhelm, life transitions, etc.
(855) 295-7003 View (855) 295-7003
Photo of Ioana Olteanu - Authentically You Counselling and Psychotherapy, Registered Psychotherapist, RP, CCTS
Authentically You Counselling and Psychotherapy
Registered Psychotherapist, RP, CCTS
7 Endorsed
Kitchener, ON N2H
You might describe your life as “fine,” or say you’re getting by, surviving, doing okay. That’s how a lot of people feel... and it works, until it doesn’t. Maybe you feel disconnected from your emotions but have learned to function anyway. Maybe you avoid discomfort or push yourself to cope through it. Maybe you’ve repeated the same behaviors for so long that they just feel like who you are, even if something inside you knows they don’t quite fit.
You might describe your life as “fine,” or say you’re getting by, surviving, doing okay. That’s how a lot of people feel... and it works, until it doesn’t. Maybe you feel disconnected from your emotions but have learned to function anyway. Maybe you avoid discomfort or push yourself to cope through it. Maybe you’ve repeated the same behaviors for so long that they just feel like who you are, even if something inside you knows they don’t quite fit.
(249) 488-1457 View (249) 488-1457
Photo of Alicia Sumner - Heart Horse Counselling, Registered Psychotherapist, RP
Heart Horse Counselling
Registered Psychotherapist, RP
Tavistock, ON N0B
My ideal client is ready for self-discovery, willing to confront hidden parts of themselves. They're struggling with trauma, depression, anxiety, or neurodivergence, seeking a supportive space to explore their authentic selves, break free from masks, and live more authentically, wholeheartedly, and resiliently, fostering a deeper understanding and compassion for who they truly are.
My ideal client is ready for self-discovery, willing to confront hidden parts of themselves. They're struggling with trauma, depression, anxiety, or neurodivergence, seeking a supportive space to explore their authentic selves, break free from masks, and live more authentically, wholeheartedly, and resiliently, fostering a deeper understanding and compassion for who they truly are.
(548) 490-0398 View (548) 490-0398
Photo of Amelia Jones - Amelia Jones | ADHD | Trauma | Self Esteem, Registered Psychotherapist, RP
Amelia Jones | ADHD | Trauma | Self Esteem
Registered Psychotherapist, RP
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Maybe you have late-diagnosed (or undiagnosed) ADHD, and chronic feelings of being “defective” loom over you constantly.
It's time to get back to basics: set better boundaries, regulate your emotions, calm your nervous system, and stop people pleasing. You need to work through your childhood trauma AND take action to creating the life you truly dream of. You want the confidence to show up as authentically you, and to uncover the blocks and patterns that have kept you stuck.
Maybe you have late-diagnosed (or undiagnosed) ADHD, and chronic feelings of being “defective” loom over you constantly.
It's time to get back to basics: set better boundaries, regulate your emotions, calm your nervous system, and stop people pleasing. You need to work through your childhood trauma AND take action to creating the life you truly dream of. You want the confidence to show up as authentically you, and to uncover the blocks and patterns that have kept you stuck.
(343) 801-4608 View (343) 801-4608
Photo of Amelia Doma, Registered Psychotherapist, MA, RP
Amelia Doma
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, RP
Guelph, ON N1H
Drawing on mind-body connections, I encourage individuals to dig deep as they learn to accept and trust their emotions. Focusing on the "here and now", I support individuals to see how the past is intricately linked to their present experience. I am passionate about helping adults and adolescents (16+) struggling with anxiety, depression, body image, and codependency. Having worked extensively with families, youth, and adults, I understand the challenges individuals can face in working through issues at home, at school/work, and between peers. I offer services both in-person and online to suit your preference.
Drawing on mind-body connections, I encourage individuals to dig deep as they learn to accept and trust their emotions. Focusing on the "here and now", I support individuals to see how the past is intricately linked to their present experience. I am passionate about helping adults and adolescents (16+) struggling with anxiety, depression, body image, and codependency. Having worked extensively with families, youth, and adults, I understand the challenges individuals can face in working through issues at home, at school/work, and between peers. I offer services both in-person and online to suit your preference.
(548) 483-6495 x121 View (548) 483-6495 x121
Photo of Brenda Atkin, Registered Social Worker, BA, RSW
Brenda Atkin
Registered Social Worker, BA, RSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I specialize in working with adults, struggling with mental health or substance use, with a particular interest and training in Adult ADHD.
You try so hard but some days it just feels like too much. Family, work, the house, relationships, kids...so much everyday and it all feels so overwhelming and you struggle just to get through the day. Other people make it look so easy and don't understand how these 'simple' things can be so hard for you. No matter how hard you try, something always falls through the cracks. How many times have you said to yourself, "what is wrong with me?" What if I told you that life does not have to feel this hard? That overwhelm does not have to rule your days and have you feeling bad about yourself? That there is nothing wrong with you.
I specialize in working with adults, struggling with mental health or substance use, with a particular interest and training in Adult ADHD.
You try so hard but some days it just feels like too much. Family, work, the house, relationships, kids...so much everyday and it all feels so overwhelming and you struggle just to get through the day. Other people make it look so easy and don't understand how these 'simple' things can be so hard for you. No matter how hard you try, something always falls through the cracks. How many times have you said to yourself, "what is wrong with me?" What if I told you that life does not have to feel this hard? That overwhelm does not have to rule your days and have you feeling bad about yourself? That there is nothing wrong with you.
(226) 602-8700 View (226) 602-8700
Photo of Christina Kahlou, Registered Social Worker, RSW, MSW
Christina Kahlou
Registered Social Worker, RSW, MSW
2 Endorsed
Cambridge, ON N3H
Have you been told by loved ones to go to therapy? On paper your life looks ‘fine’ - you excel at work, hobbies or school but deep down you feel disconnected. Growing up, you never felt like your problems were big enough to matter or that others had it worse. You always had food on the table but you never felt like you belonged or that you were good enough. You cruised through life, avoiding emotions and conflict until suddenly everything came crashing to the surface. You’re ready for change but you don’t know where to start. I’m here to help you uncover the real you and connect again.
Have you been told by loved ones to go to therapy? On paper your life looks ‘fine’ - you excel at work, hobbies or school but deep down you feel disconnected. Growing up, you never felt like your problems were big enough to matter or that others had it worse. You always had food on the table but you never felt like you belonged or that you were good enough. You cruised through life, avoiding emotions and conflict until suddenly everything came crashing to the surface. You’re ready for change but you don’t know where to start. I’m here to help you uncover the real you and connect again.
(226) 779-2475 View (226) 779-2475
Photo of Graham Watt, Registered Psychotherapist, MACP, RP
Graham Watt
Registered Psychotherapist, MACP, RP
2 Endorsed
Guelph, ON N1C
I work with with people who have ADHD symptoms or are diagnosed with ADHD.
I help adults who want to be confident and enjoy life but are feeling stuck and are experiencing anxiety, stress, depression or work and career challenges. I also help couples who want to feel closer and more connected but are having challenges in that regard. My areas of care include trauma, anxiety, panic attacks, shame, anger, grief, communication and vocational direction. My clinical focus uses an attachment-based, trauma informed approach in counselling. I am trained in the integration of different models of counselling. I work with individuals, couples and families.
I work with with people who have ADHD symptoms or are diagnosed with ADHD.
I help adults who want to be confident and enjoy life but are feeling stuck and are experiencing anxiety, stress, depression or work and career challenges. I also help couples who want to feel closer and more connected but are having challenges in that regard. My areas of care include trauma, anxiety, panic attacks, shame, anger, grief, communication and vocational direction. My clinical focus uses an attachment-based, trauma informed approach in counselling. I am trained in the integration of different models of counselling. I work with individuals, couples and families.
(548) 490-8971 View (548) 490-8971

See more therapy options for Elmira

ADHD Counsellors

When should I seek treatment for ADHD?

You should seek treatment for ADHD if you consistently have difficulty with attention, hyperactivity, or impulsivity that interferes with your daily life. Symptoms of ADHD include the inability to sustain attention during tasks, difficulty organizing tasks and activities, being easily distracted, frequent fidgeting or squirming, and talking or interrupting excessively. If these symptoms interfere with your career, academics, or relationships—for example, consistently failing to complete professional projects on time—you should seek an evaluation for ADHD.

How does treatment for ADHD work?

Effective treatment for ADHD often consists of medication, behavioral therapy, and lifestyle changes. Stimulant medications such as Adderall and Ritalin work by altering levels of neurotransmitters in the brain; higher levels of dopamine and norepinephrine are known to improve attention and focus. Therapy works by helping people with ADHD understand the condition, discuss their areas of difficulty, and develop behavioral strategies to manage their symptoms. In some cases, modifying one’s diet and exercise can also help improve symptoms.

Are there specific medications for ADHD?

Medications to treat ADHD are generally stimulants, the most common are Adderall and Ritalin. There are two categories of stimulants: Amphetamines include Adderall, Dyanavel, Vyvanse, and Dexedrine, and methylphenidates include Ritalin, Concerta, Daytrana, Focalin, Quillichew, Quillivant, and Metadate. Non-stimulants and antidepressants may be used as an alternative if stimulants aren’t effective or viable for a particular patient.

How long does treatment for ADHD take?

It’s tough to give an exact time frame because everyone varies. In terms of medications, stimulants begin to work very soon after you take them, generally within the hour. It may take time to identify the right medication and dosage, but the medication itself is fast-acting. In terms of therapy, it takes time to develop skills and put them into practice, but you will likely see improvements within a few weeks or months.