Therapists in Bowmanville, ON

Photo of Jordyn Schisler, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), BA
Jordyn Schisler
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), BA
1 Endorsed
Bowmanville, ON L1C
I am dedicated to supporting individuals, couples, and families as they navigate life’s emotional and relational challenges. I strive to create a warm, supportive, and non-judgmental therapeutic space where clients feel safe to explore their experiences, build self-awareness, and move toward meaningful healing. I specialize in working with individuals experiencing trauma, anxiety, depression, and low self-worth, as well as those recovering from narcissistic abuse and emotionally unhealthy relationship dynamics.
I am dedicated to supporting individuals, couples, and families as they navigate life’s emotional and relational challenges. I strive to create a warm, supportive, and non-judgmental therapeutic space where clients feel safe to explore their experiences, build self-awareness, and move toward meaningful healing. I specialize in working with individuals experiencing trauma, anxiety, depression, and low self-worth, as well as those recovering from narcissistic abuse and emotionally unhealthy relationship dynamics.
(365) 651-0578 View (365) 651-0578
Photo of Rayella Louise McEwen, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), BA, MACP
Rayella Louise McEwen
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), BA, MACP
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you constantly feeling anxious, stuck, angry, worried, carrying grief, overthinking, struggling with lack of confidence, low self-esteem or life transitions? Perhaps you feel overwhelmed and unsupported. True Reflections Psychotherapy can provide a space where you no longer have to carry everything alone. I am a bipoc therapist who helps individuals from all backgrounds and orientations. Clients often describe me as warm, compassionate, easy to talk to, supportive, understanding, insightful, patient, caring and genuine. My goal is to create a space where you feel seen, heard, supported, and understood.
Are you constantly feeling anxious, stuck, angry, worried, carrying grief, overthinking, struggling with lack of confidence, low self-esteem or life transitions? Perhaps you feel overwhelmed and unsupported. True Reflections Psychotherapy can provide a space where you no longer have to carry everything alone. I am a bipoc therapist who helps individuals from all backgrounds and orientations. Clients often describe me as warm, compassionate, easy to talk to, supportive, understanding, insightful, patient, caring and genuine. My goal is to create a space where you feel seen, heard, supported, and understood.
(365) 832-7205 View (365) 832-7205
Photo of Ashley Haigh, Registered Social Worker
Ashley Haigh
Registered Social Worker
5 Endorsed
Bowmanville, ON L1C
I enjoy working with individuals navigating challenges like anxiety, self-esteem, ADHD-related symptoms, relationships, trauma, or addiction. I understand the importance of creating a safe, supportive space where you can explore your experiences and uncover your strengths.
I enjoy working with individuals navigating challenges like anxiety, self-esteem, ADHD-related symptoms, relationships, trauma, or addiction. I understand the importance of creating a safe, supportive space where you can explore your experiences and uncover your strengths.
(365) 305-0248 View (365) 305-0248
Photo of Lesia Lee, Registered Social Worker, BSC, MSW, RSW
Lesia Lee
Registered Social Worker, BSC, MSW, RSW
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Welcome and congratulations on your first step in seeking support. You deserve it! As we know, life can get busy and at times it may be challenging to prioritize our mental health. However, it is of utmost importance to maintain a healthy mind. My hope is to offer you a safe and trusting space on this journey. I would like to extend my warm and empathetic support in working together to help you begin to feel better and stronger. Lets build on your strengths while acquiring new useful skills so that you can reach your full brilliant potential. "People Start To Heal The Moment They Feel Heard " - Cheryl Richardso.
Welcome and congratulations on your first step in seeking support. You deserve it! As we know, life can get busy and at times it may be challenging to prioritize our mental health. However, it is of utmost importance to maintain a healthy mind. My hope is to offer you a safe and trusting space on this journey. I would like to extend my warm and empathetic support in working together to help you begin to feel better and stronger. Lets build on your strengths while acquiring new useful skills so that you can reach your full brilliant potential. "People Start To Heal The Moment They Feel Heard " - Cheryl Richardso.
(289) 207-7911 View (289) 207-7911
Photo of Emilie Inzana, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Emilie Inzana
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Bowmanville, ON L1C
I am a holistic, integrative therapist, who works with clients of all ages, supporting them in developing emotional awareness, self-understanding, and resilience. My approach is grounded in empathy, respect, and collaboration, with a strong focus around building a safe and trusting therapeutic relationship as the foundation for meaningful growth.
I am a holistic, integrative therapist, who works with clients of all ages, supporting them in developing emotional awareness, self-understanding, and resilience. My approach is grounded in empathy, respect, and collaboration, with a strong focus around building a safe and trusting therapeutic relationship as the foundation for meaningful growth.
(289) 216-4463 View (289) 216-4463
Photo of Kaitlin Bautista, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Kaitlin Bautista
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Bowmanville, ON L1C
Hello! I've always been drawn to the power of human connection and the potential for growth. Choosing a therapist can feel like a big step, but it's often the first step toward healing and finding your way. I'm here to create a warm and welcoming space where you can explore your feelings, uncover your strengths, and learn new skills to navigate life's challenges.
Hello! I've always been drawn to the power of human connection and the potential for growth. Choosing a therapist can feel like a big step, but it's often the first step toward healing and finding your way. I'm here to create a warm and welcoming space where you can explore your feelings, uncover your strengths, and learn new skills to navigate life's challenges.
(365) 544-5274 View (365) 544-5274
Photo of Kelsie Malyon, Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Kelsie Malyon
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
4 Endorsed
Bowmanville, ON L1C
In times of hardship, having support is essential. I'm here to foster a caring, nonjudgmental atmosphere where you can openly discuss the difficulties you or your family are facing. Together, we'll work on gaining insights, building skills, and crafting strategies to help you move towards the life you envision.
In times of hardship, having support is essential. I'm here to foster a caring, nonjudgmental atmosphere where you can openly discuss the difficulties you or your family are facing. Together, we'll work on gaining insights, building skills, and crafting strategies to help you move towards the life you envision.
(289) 272-5332 View (289) 272-5332
Photo of Jessica DeMille, Registered Psychotherapist, MACP, BSc
Jessica DeMille
Registered Psychotherapist, MACP, BSc
7 Endorsed
Bowmanville, ON L1C
Life can feel heavy, especially when anxiety, trauma, relationship struggles, grief, or depression take over. You might find yourself in your head, stretched thin, or putting on a brave face while feeling disconnected and overwhelmed. Maybe you’re stuck in cycles of overthinking, feeling drained, or detached from the people and things that once brought joy. It could perhaps feel like you’re going through the motions, pretending you’re fine while quietly falling apart inside. Maybe your tired of carrying it alone and longing for a space where you can feel supported, understood, and gently uncover and embrace deeper parts of yourself.
Life can feel heavy, especially when anxiety, trauma, relationship struggles, grief, or depression take over. You might find yourself in your head, stretched thin, or putting on a brave face while feeling disconnected and overwhelmed. Maybe you’re stuck in cycles of overthinking, feeling drained, or detached from the people and things that once brought joy. It could perhaps feel like you’re going through the motions, pretending you’re fine while quietly falling apart inside. Maybe your tired of carrying it alone and longing for a space where you can feel supported, understood, and gently uncover and embrace deeper parts of yourself.
(365) 990-8405 View (365) 990-8405
Photo of Kelsey Rozema, Registered Psychotherapist, MC, RP
Kelsey Rozema
Registered Psychotherapist, MC, RP
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Have you been feeling stressed out about work, school, your family, your relationships, or major life changes? Does your anxiety get in the way of doing the things you want to do, or stop you from enjoying them? If you're feeling overwhelmed or like you're barely holding it together, you're not alone and you don’t have to figure it all out by yourself. I provide a warm, non-judgmental space to help you build coping skills, find balance, and reconnect with your strengths as you navigate life's up and downs. If you're ready to feel less anxious, more confident, and more at peace, you've come to the right place!
Have you been feeling stressed out about work, school, your family, your relationships, or major life changes? Does your anxiety get in the way of doing the things you want to do, or stop you from enjoying them? If you're feeling overwhelmed or like you're barely holding it together, you're not alone and you don’t have to figure it all out by yourself. I provide a warm, non-judgmental space to help you build coping skills, find balance, and reconnect with your strengths as you navigate life's up and downs. If you're ready to feel less anxious, more confident, and more at peace, you've come to the right place!
(289) 992-8720 View (289) 992-8720
Photo of Christine Johansen - Christine Johansen, Registered Psychotherapist, RP, MACP, OAMHP
Christine Johansen
Registered Psychotherapist, RP, MACP, OAMHP
4 Endorsed
Bowmanville, ON L1C
I am passionate about treating children, youth, and their families using approaches that are tailored to best meeting client’s unique needs and challenges. I am dedicated to meeting clients where they are at, and working with clients to create opportunity for them to be the person they want to be in life. I practice from a psychodynamic lens while including expressive arts and play therapy. It is a pleasure to be welcomed into a clients life, and be trusted with their experience, relationships and emotions. I take pride in offering a safe space for clients to explore these emotions freely, honestly and without judgment.
I am passionate about treating children, youth, and their families using approaches that are tailored to best meeting client’s unique needs and challenges. I am dedicated to meeting clients where they are at, and working with clients to create opportunity for them to be the person they want to be in life. I practice from a psychodynamic lens while including expressive arts and play therapy. It is a pleasure to be welcomed into a clients life, and be trusted with their experience, relationships and emotions. I take pride in offering a safe space for clients to explore these emotions freely, honestly and without judgment.
(289) 210-0581 View (289) 210-0581
Photo of Jenn Walker - Counselling Connection-Strong Body. Stronger Mind., Registered Psychotherapist, RP
Counselling Connection-Strong Body. Stronger Mind.
Registered Psychotherapist, RP
Bowmanville, ON L1C
Our Strong Body. Stronger Mind. athlete program supports performance, mental health, and overall well-being. Designed for athletes facing pressure, setbacks, or self-doubt, the program helps build confidence, strengthen emotional awareness and regulation, navigate injury and change, clarify goals, and deepen the mind-body connection.
Our Strong Body. Stronger Mind. athlete program supports performance, mental health, and overall well-being. Designed for athletes facing pressure, setbacks, or self-doubt, the program helps build confidence, strengthen emotional awareness and regulation, navigate injury and change, clarify goals, and deepen the mind-body connection.
(365) 413-5787 View (365) 413-5787
Photo of David Leung - David Leung @ Liminal Space, Registered Psychotherapist, BEd, MDiv, MACP
David Leung @ Liminal Space
Registered Psychotherapist, BEd, MDiv, MACP
4 Endorsed
Bowmanville, ON L1C
Availability Week of June 8th. Why do I do that? Wouldn’t it be helpful to know? What are the automatic thoughts, underlying feelings, or unconscious habits that keep life moving in a particular way? Why are some relationship patterns so hard to break? Why do we find ourselves stuck in the same spot over and over again? Could our past be showing up in our present? Why do we sometimes betray our values? Why do we feel anxious and react? Why do we feel depressed and shutdown? Why do we hesitate to even ask questions like these?
Availability Week of June 8th. Why do I do that? Wouldn’t it be helpful to know? What are the automatic thoughts, underlying feelings, or unconscious habits that keep life moving in a particular way? Why are some relationship patterns so hard to break? Why do we find ourselves stuck in the same spot over and over again? Could our past be showing up in our present? Why do we sometimes betray our values? Why do we feel anxious and react? Why do we feel depressed and shutdown? Why do we hesitate to even ask questions like these?
(289) 274-5955 View (289) 274-5955
Photo of Cassidy Jean Babcock, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Cassidy Jean Babcock
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Bowmanville, ON L1C
I provide a compassionate, collaborative, and non-judgmental space where you can feel heard and supported. I work with individuals navigating life transitions, anxiety, depression, relationship concerns, identity and self-esteem challenges, and everyday stress. My approach is holistic and tailored to your needs, integrating evidence-based therapies such as CBT, DBT, ACT, SFBT, emotion-focused therapy, motivational interviewing, and mindfulness practices. Together, we focus on building resilience, strengthening self-compassion, and creating meaningful, sustainable change that supports your well-being.
I provide a compassionate, collaborative, and non-judgmental space where you can feel heard and supported. I work with individuals navigating life transitions, anxiety, depression, relationship concerns, identity and self-esteem challenges, and everyday stress. My approach is holistic and tailored to your needs, integrating evidence-based therapies such as CBT, DBT, ACT, SFBT, emotion-focused therapy, motivational interviewing, and mindfulness practices. Together, we focus on building resilience, strengthening self-compassion, and creating meaningful, sustainable change that supports your well-being.
(365) 796-2055 View (365) 796-2055
Photo of Michelle Nicholson, Registered Psychotherapist, RP, MA, BSc
Michelle Nicholson
Registered Psychotherapist, RP, MA, BSc
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Suffering is a part of life. It is something we all have in common, yet can feel so alone and isolated in. For some, being resilient in the face of struggle comes naturally whereas for others, this is something we must actively work towards. Through the therapeutic process, I strive to help you to uncover your own resiliency and power. My approach to therapy is to provide you with a safe place to explore your life experiences while fostering a strong therapeutic connection. It is my belief that the therapeutic relationship is at the heart of healing, ensuring you find a non-judgemental, warm, and compassionate place to land.
Suffering is a part of life. It is something we all have in common, yet can feel so alone and isolated in. For some, being resilient in the face of struggle comes naturally whereas for others, this is something we must actively work towards. Through the therapeutic process, I strive to help you to uncover your own resiliency and power. My approach to therapy is to provide you with a safe place to explore your life experiences while fostering a strong therapeutic connection. It is my belief that the therapeutic relationship is at the heart of healing, ensuring you find a non-judgemental, warm, and compassionate place to land.
(289) 210-9376 View (289) 210-9376
Photo of Tsa Alexander, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MEd, BSc
Tsa Alexander
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MEd, BSc
3 Endorsed
Bowmanville, ON L1C
As a BIPOC individual, navigating life often means carrying invisible weight—unspoken expectations, cultural pressures, intergenerational wounds, or simply the exhaustion of being "on guard." Therapy should be a space where you don’t have to explain or shrink yourself.
As a BIPOC individual, navigating life often means carrying invisible weight—unspoken expectations, cultural pressures, intergenerational wounds, or simply the exhaustion of being "on guard." Therapy should be a space where you don’t have to explain or shrink yourself.
(647) 370-4384 View (647) 370-4384
Photo of Connor Curran, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Connor Curran
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
1 Endorsed
Bowmanville, ON L1C
I am currently completing my practicum in the Counselling Psychology program at Yorkville University. I work with individuals aged 16 and older, supporting concerns such as anxiety, depression, self-esteem, body image, relationships, self-care, and hormonal mental health challenges. I bring a genuine passion for mental health and well-being, along with a thoughtful, integrative approach to my work.
I am currently completing my practicum in the Counselling Psychology program at Yorkville University. I work with individuals aged 16 and older, supporting concerns such as anxiety, depression, self-esteem, body image, relationships, self-care, and hormonal mental health challenges. I bring a genuine passion for mental health and well-being, along with a thoughtful, integrative approach to my work.
(365) 387-3206 View (365) 387-3206
Photo of Linah Hashimi, Registered Psychotherapist, MA
Linah Hashimi
Registered Psychotherapist, MA
1 Endorsed
Bowmanville, ON L1C
In a world that often feels uncertain, overwhelming, or unjust, it’s understandable to feel off-balance. Whether you're navigating mood shifts, trauma, relational stress, burnout, or the emotional toll of systemic oppression and global crises—it’s a lot to carry. I take a holistic, decolonized, and systems-informed approach to therapy—one that honors the ways your emotions, thoughts, and behaviors are shaped not just by personal history, but by your culture, community, family, and the institutions around you.When we can understand these layers with compassion and curiosity, we open space for more clarity, resilience, and self-trust.
In a world that often feels uncertain, overwhelming, or unjust, it’s understandable to feel off-balance. Whether you're navigating mood shifts, trauma, relational stress, burnout, or the emotional toll of systemic oppression and global crises—it’s a lot to carry. I take a holistic, decolonized, and systems-informed approach to therapy—one that honors the ways your emotions, thoughts, and behaviors are shaped not just by personal history, but by your culture, community, family, and the institutions around you.When we can understand these layers with compassion and curiosity, we open space for more clarity, resilience, and self-trust.
(249) 294-4245 View (249) 294-4245
Photo of Julie Watson, Registered Psychotherapist, MACP, EMDR, B Ed, BA Hons
Julie Watson
Registered Psychotherapist, MACP, EMDR, B Ed, BA Hons
Bowmanville, ON L1C
Are you tired of feeling overwhelmed, sad, anxious, hopeless? Is your sleep being impacted? Feelings of frustration, anger? Struggling with your relationships? I work with clients struggling with many different mental health concerns (e.g. anxiety, depression, PTSD, trauma, childhood trauma, grief, etc.). I provided evidence-based therapy to help individual identify, understand, and work on the issues that are preventing them from happiness and fulfillment in their lives. It can be difficult taking that first step and reaching out. We offer a Free 15-Minute Consultation or you can book your first full appointment today.
Are you tired of feeling overwhelmed, sad, anxious, hopeless? Is your sleep being impacted? Feelings of frustration, anger? Struggling with your relationships? I work with clients struggling with many different mental health concerns (e.g. anxiety, depression, PTSD, trauma, childhood trauma, grief, etc.). I provided evidence-based therapy to help individual identify, understand, and work on the issues that are preventing them from happiness and fulfillment in their lives. It can be difficult taking that first step and reaching out. We offer a Free 15-Minute Consultation or you can book your first full appointment today.
(365) 305-0380 View (365) 305-0380
Photo of Danielle Giokas, Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Danielle Giokas
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
2 Endorsed
Bowmanville, ON L1C
My goal is to help you navigate life's hardships by creating a warm, safe, and validating space where you can feel seen, heard, and supported. Through a collaborative and client-centered approach, we will walk through this journey together to help you meet your goals and overcome any obstacles that may be hindering you from reaching your full potential.
My goal is to help you navigate life's hardships by creating a warm, safe, and validating space where you can feel seen, heard, and supported. Through a collaborative and client-centered approach, we will walk through this journey together to help you meet your goals and overcome any obstacles that may be hindering you from reaching your full potential.
(289) 272-5332 View (289) 272-5332
Photo of Christina Calderon, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Christina Calderon
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Bowmanville, ON L1C
Whether you’re a child or adult dealing with emotional challenges, someone navigating anxiety or identity concerns or an athlete facing performance pressure, I’m here to support you. I understand how overwhelming life’s challenges can feel, and I’m committed to helping individuals build resilience, develop coping strategies, and find emotional balance. As a former elite hockey player, I understand the unique mental health struggles that come with high-performance environments. My personal journey has shaped my approach to therapy—one that emphasizes empathy, collaboration, and personal growth.
Whether you’re a child or adult dealing with emotional challenges, someone navigating anxiety or identity concerns or an athlete facing performance pressure, I’m here to support you. I understand how overwhelming life’s challenges can feel, and I’m committed to helping individuals build resilience, develop coping strategies, and find emotional balance. As a former elite hockey player, I understand the unique mental health struggles that come with high-performance environments. My personal journey has shaped my approach to therapy—one that emphasizes empathy, collaboration, and personal growth.
(365) 607-0276 View (365) 607-0276

See more therapy options for Bowmanville

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Bowmanville, ON

100+

Average cost per session

$160

Counsellors in Bowmanville, ON who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
94% Social Anxiety
94% Health Anxiety
94% Driving Anxiety
87% Depression
84% Self Esteem
81% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

77% Canada Life | Great-West Life
75% Green Shield Canada
75% Manulife

How Counsellors in Bowmanville, ON see their clients

82% In Person and Online
18% Online Only

Gender breakdown

88% Female
12% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Bowmanville?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postal code, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postal code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Most Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are certified by one of the main professional associations, mainly the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association (CCPA), and will have a Certified Canadian Counsellor (CCC) designation with their name. Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered members of the college specific to their province. To be listed in the directory, Psychologists must be registered with the psychological college specific to their province or territory.

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given the considerable variation in professional regulation and prerequisites across Canadian provinces, some providers may possess significant professional qualifications without necessarily holding professional memberships or being obliged to acquire them. As a result, they may be selectively included without the "Verified" seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors, psychotherapists and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in Canada.

Psychologists have a master's and/or doctoral degree and have passed both written and oral exams. Psychologists are able to complete mental health assessments and provide diagnostic information to clients as well as provide counselling therapy or psychotherapy. Counsellors and psychotherapists are expected to have a master's or doctoral degree in counselling psychology, social work, or a related mental health discipline and certification by a professional association, such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association. Registered Social Workers possess a Bachelor's or Master's degree in Social Work and where possible must be licensed or certified by the provincial government and/or regulatory college.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Canada could be between $100 and $200. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. Some types of outpatient mental health services are covered by Medicare, provided these are performed by a licensed mental health professional in the provinces or territory you reside in and who accepts the assignment.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postal code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Professionals licensed by regulatory colleges and those certified by associations such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association are obligated to uphold client confidentiality unless there is a legal reason that requires them to disclose information. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others, or a court order, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.