Therapists in Bala, ON

Wendy Hogarth
Registered Psychotherapist, MPS, MTS, MBA, RP, CPST
2 Endorsed
Bala, ON P0C
Life can hand us twists and turns we don't expect or want. We can react in ways we don't understand and wish we could change. We wonder what it all means and how to find hope. As a Registered Psychotherapist and Certified Psychospiritual Therapist, I help with life's harder passages — grief, loss, and major transitions — the moments that ask who we are and what matters. Psychospiritual therapy speaks not to a particular belief but to how we answer 'why?' — especially in times of loss and change.
Life can hand us twists and turns we don't expect or want. We can react in ways we don't understand and wish we could change. We wonder what it all means and how to find hope. As a Registered Psychotherapist and Certified Psychospiritual Therapist, I help with life's harder passages — grief, loss, and major transitions — the moments that ask who we are and what matters. Psychospiritual therapy speaks not to a particular belief but to how we answer 'why?' — especially in times of loss and change.
(249) 701-0347 View (249) 701-0347
Ruth Wilgress
Registered Psychotherapist, BA, RP, ExAT, CPT
Serves Area
Children, teens and adults of all ages with a variety of issues come to see me for issues such as, trauma, anxiety/stress, depression, attachment issues, grief/loss, relationship difficulties, behavioural challenges, low self-esteem/confidence/self identity, life transitions, separation, eating disorders, sexual and physical assault, PTSD, and a variety of other issues. I am a registered psychotherapist, expressive arts therapist and certified play therapist. I use a strength-based, collaborative approach and use a variety of integrative evidence-based therapeutic techniques.
Children, teens and adults of all ages with a variety of issues come to see me for issues such as, trauma, anxiety/stress, depression, attachment issues, grief/loss, relationship difficulties, behavioural challenges, low self-esteem/confidence/self identity, life transitions, separation, eating disorders, sexual and physical assault, PTSD, and a variety of other issues. I am a registered psychotherapist, expressive arts therapist and certified play therapist. I use a strength-based, collaborative approach and use a variety of integrative evidence-based therapeutic techniques.
(249) 501-9160 View (249) 501-9160

More Therapists Nearby

Erica Wesley
Registered Psychotherapist, MSc, RP, RSW
4 Endorsed
Midland, ON L4R
You've done a lot of work on yourself. You understand your patterns — often the kind that have been there so long they just feel like personality — and maybe even where they came from. But understanding something in your head and actually feeling free from it in your body are two very different things. The people I work with are self-aware and reflective, and often frustrated that insight alone hasn't been enough to shift how they feel. That's not a failure. It's a sign the healing needs to happen somewhere deeper than language can reach — and it tends to ripple outward into how you parent, how you love, and how you show up.
You've done a lot of work on yourself. You understand your patterns — often the kind that have been there so long they just feel like personality — and maybe even where they came from. But understanding something in your head and actually feeling free from it in your body are two very different things. The people I work with are self-aware and reflective, and often frustrated that insight alone hasn't been enough to shift how they feel. That's not a failure. It's a sign the healing needs to happen somewhere deeper than language can reach — and it tends to ripple outward into how you parent, how you love, and how you show up.
(705) 806-8716 View (705) 806-8716
Cassandra Heins
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), RP(Q)
1 Endorsed
Midland, ON L4R
Life can feel overwhelming at times, and you don’t have to navigate it alone. I work with children, teens, and adults experiencing anxiety, depression, ADHD, stress, emotional regulation difficulties, grief, self-esteem concerns, life transitions, and relationship challenges. I also support parents and individuals through pregnancy and the postpartum period. Together, we’ll build understanding, practical coping strategies, and confidence so you can move toward a life that feels calmer, healthier, and more fulfilling.
Life can feel overwhelming at times, and you don’t have to navigate it alone. I work with children, teens, and adults experiencing anxiety, depression, ADHD, stress, emotional regulation difficulties, grief, self-esteem concerns, life transitions, and relationship challenges. I also support parents and individuals through pregnancy and the postpartum period. Together, we’ll build understanding, practical coping strategies, and confidence so you can move toward a life that feels calmer, healthier, and more fulfilling.
(705) 806-8952 View (705) 806-8952
Maheep Sehgal
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MA, HBCP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
You may look like you’re doing fine on the outside while feeling overwhelmed, disconnected, angry, stuck, or unsure what to do next. I work with adults and couples who are dealing with anxiety, relationship difficulties, emotional struggles, trauma, addiction, or major life changes. Therapy with me is collaborative, honest, and practical. We’ll slow things down, understand the patterns underneath what’s happening, and work toward changes that actually fit your life.
You may look like you’re doing fine on the outside while feeling overwhelmed, disconnected, angry, stuck, or unsure what to do next. I work with adults and couples who are dealing with anxiety, relationship difficulties, emotional struggles, trauma, addiction, or major life changes. Therapy with me is collaborative, honest, and practical. We’ll slow things down, understand the patterns underneath what’s happening, and work toward changes that actually fit your life.
(249) 501-6719 View (249) 501-6719
Janet Lynn
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, BA
3 Endorsed
Midland, ON L4R
Feeling the total opposite of empowered? Trauma and Grief are hard to process alone. Loss needs a safe place to be honoured with compassion. Trauma can be released in many ways. Recognizing everything you've been through, I am here to listen, validate today's pain, and help you reflect on where you want to be. Talking it out may make the way forward obvious. Post-traumatic growth is an incredible force. Discover your power. Every step of the way is client-driven so approaches will fit with who you are and work with your strengths. We can build a life that makes sense and fulfills you right now, creating a brilliant future.
Feeling the total opposite of empowered? Trauma and Grief are hard to process alone. Loss needs a safe place to be honoured with compassion. Trauma can be released in many ways. Recognizing everything you've been through, I am here to listen, validate today's pain, and help you reflect on where you want to be. Talking it out may make the way forward obvious. Post-traumatic growth is an incredible force. Discover your power. Every step of the way is client-driven so approaches will fit with who you are and work with your strengths. We can build a life that makes sense and fulfills you right now, creating a brilliant future.
(249) 559-1281 View (249) 559-1281
Northern Therapy Practice
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Serves Area
Hello, Aanii. At Northern Therapy Practice our compassionate team of therapists offers both online and in-person counselling services to support individuals, children, youth, couples, and families through life’s most difficult challenges. If you are struggling with trauma, anxiety, depression, addictions, relationship difficulties, emotional overwhelm, grief, stress, or painful life experiences, you do not have to navigate it alone. Our team understands how deeply emotional pain can impact your nervous system, relationships, daily functioning, and overall wellness. We provide a safe place to navigate life experiences.
Hello, Aanii. At Northern Therapy Practice our compassionate team of therapists offers both online and in-person counselling services to support individuals, children, youth, couples, and families through life’s most difficult challenges. If you are struggling with trauma, anxiety, depression, addictions, relationship difficulties, emotional overwhelm, grief, stress, or painful life experiences, you do not have to navigate it alone. Our team understands how deeply emotional pain can impact your nervous system, relationships, daily functioning, and overall wellness. We provide a safe place to navigate life experiences.
(249) 201-8641 View (249) 201-8641
Donna Gordon
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW, RYT
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Donna is a registered clinical social worker, practicing psychotherapist, and registered yoga teacher. She embraces the value of the therapeutic relationship and provides a relaxed, non-judgmental and supportive atmosphere in her practice. She believes that it is a privilege to work alongside clients and that healing is a collaborative endeavour where she assists clients in clarifying their goals for treatment on their journey to wellness. All work is client-centred and purposeful.
Donna is a registered clinical social worker, practicing psychotherapist, and registered yoga teacher. She embraces the value of the therapeutic relationship and provides a relaxed, non-judgmental and supportive atmosphere in her practice. She believes that it is a privilege to work alongside clients and that healing is a collaborative endeavour where she assists clients in clarifying their goals for treatment on their journey to wellness. All work is client-centred and purposeful.
(705) 529-2456 View (705) 529-2456
Trisha Obanor
Registered Social Worker, BScN, MSW, RSW, EMDR
Serves Area
Finding the right support for life challenges can be stressful and discouraging. I provide a non-judgemental and safe space in which you and I can work together towards your desired outcomes. With over 14 years of nursing experience and my social work background, I am in a unique position of being able to provide a truly holistic approach to therapy. I foster a collaborative and supportive therapeutic relationship to address concerns that are specific to each client. My approach focuses on developing life skills, building strengths and positive coping skills.
Finding the right support for life challenges can be stressful and discouraging. I provide a non-judgemental and safe space in which you and I can work together towards your desired outcomes. With over 14 years of nursing experience and my social work background, I am in a unique position of being able to provide a truly holistic approach to therapy. I foster a collaborative and supportive therapeutic relationship to address concerns that are specific to each client. My approach focuses on developing life skills, building strengths and positive coping skills.
(249) 505-0496 View (249) 505-0496
Kathleen Shaughnessy - Mariposa Therapy Services
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Serves Area
Does your teen or child seem to be overwhelmed, anxious, or struggling with friendships or big emotions? I work with children (8+), pre-teens, and teens navigating anxiety, depression, ADHD, peer and family challenges, and life transitions such as school stress, separation, or grief. Many feel stuck or unsure how to cope. I provide a warm, non-judgmental space where they can feel understood, build coping skills, and grow in confidence and self-awareness.
Does your teen or child seem to be overwhelmed, anxious, or struggling with friendships or big emotions? I work with children (8+), pre-teens, and teens navigating anxiety, depression, ADHD, peer and family challenges, and life transitions such as school stress, separation, or grief. Many feel stuck or unsure how to cope. I provide a warm, non-judgmental space where they can feel understood, build coping skills, and grow in confidence and self-awareness.
(705) 309-5846 View (705) 309-5846
Nicole Mee
Registered Psychotherapist, BA, RP
6 Endorsed
Bracebridge, ON P1L
Are you trying to make sense of your relationship, your brain, or the unexpected emotional shifts of midlife? My work focuses on couples therapy, supporting neurodivergent adults, and helping women navigate perimenopause. Many of the people I work with feel stuck, overwhelmed, or unsure how to move forward and are looking for both insight and practical change. - Many of the couples I work with feel stuck in the same arguments or painful patterns—having the same conversations over and over without feeling heard or understood. Together, we slow those moments down and look at what’s really happening underneath the conflict.
Are you trying to make sense of your relationship, your brain, or the unexpected emotional shifts of midlife? My work focuses on couples therapy, supporting neurodivergent adults, and helping women navigate perimenopause. Many of the people I work with feel stuck, overwhelmed, or unsure how to move forward and are looking for both insight and practical change. - Many of the couples I work with feel stuck in the same arguments or painful patterns—having the same conversations over and over without feeling heard or understood. Together, we slow those moments down and look at what’s really happening underneath the conflict.
(705) 809-5285 View (705) 809-5285
Dr. Jacqueline Rynard
Psychologist, PsyD, CPsych
5 Endorsed
Bracebridge, ON P1L
Many clients come to my clinic feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or uncertain about their next steps. They may struggle with anxiety, depression, intrusive thoughts, grief, relationship stress, work or school pressure, chronic pain, sleep issues, or trauma. They’re looking for relief, clarity, and effective strategies to regain control. We provide practical coping tools to help manage emotions and stress in the moment, while also supporting deeper insight into patterns that get in the way so they can build resilience and lasting change.
Many clients come to my clinic feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or uncertain about their next steps. They may struggle with anxiety, depression, intrusive thoughts, grief, relationship stress, work or school pressure, chronic pain, sleep issues, or trauma. They’re looking for relief, clarity, and effective strategies to regain control. We provide practical coping tools to help manage emotions and stress in the moment, while also supporting deeper insight into patterns that get in the way so they can build resilience and lasting change.
(249) 490-5434 View (249) 490-5434
Sawil Ghorany
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MA
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Is it me? Or is it them? Am I overreacting? Do I need therapy? Am I being gaslit? When relationships become difficult it's easy to get caught trying to figure out who the problem is. Add in stress, anxiety, becoming a parent, building a business, a major life transition, grief, trauma, or low confidence, and it becomes even harder to know what to trust. Not just about the relationships. About Ourselves. It can feel deeply isolating. One of the gifts therapy can offer isn't telling you whether to stay or leave, speak up or let go. It's helping you understand yourself well enough that you begin to trust your own experience again.
Is it me? Or is it them? Am I overreacting? Do I need therapy? Am I being gaslit? When relationships become difficult it's easy to get caught trying to figure out who the problem is. Add in stress, anxiety, becoming a parent, building a business, a major life transition, grief, trauma, or low confidence, and it becomes even harder to know what to trust. Not just about the relationships. About Ourselves. It can feel deeply isolating. One of the gifts therapy can offer isn't telling you whether to stay or leave, speak up or let go. It's helping you understand yourself well enough that you begin to trust your own experience again.
(249) 495-5999 View (249) 495-5999
Michelle Hoefler
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW, SEP
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you feeling overwhelmed? Do your thoughts keep racing from one thing to another? Do you find you are excellent at taking care of everyone else but keep neglecting yourself? I would like to help. I am passionate about helping people to move past the "shoulds" and move towards creating the kind of life they want to live. Most of the time when we are distressed we are worrying either too much about the past or the future, or are overly preoccupied by what we imagine other people are thinking about us.
Are you feeling overwhelmed? Do your thoughts keep racing from one thing to another? Do you find you are excellent at taking care of everyone else but keep neglecting yourself? I would like to help. I am passionate about helping people to move past the "shoulds" and move towards creating the kind of life they want to live. Most of the time when we are distressed we are worrying either too much about the past or the future, or are overly preoccupied by what we imagine other people are thinking about us.
(226) 887-1544 View (226) 887-1544
Tonya McKee
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
There are many life changes that bring people to meet with a counsellor. Whether you are seeking to manage your anger, depression, anxiety or to cope with a crisis in you and your family/marriage or build more interpersonal communication skills. I provide counselling for Individuals, marriage or couples therapy. There are many tools that can help you cope with stressful events. Together we can build a treatment plan that meets your goals. Taking the first step to call can be overwhelming, it can also be rewarding when you find that there are tools available to help with achieving your goals.
There are many life changes that bring people to meet with a counsellor. Whether you are seeking to manage your anger, depression, anxiety or to cope with a crisis in you and your family/marriage or build more interpersonal communication skills. I provide counselling for Individuals, marriage or couples therapy. There are many tools that can help you cope with stressful events. Together we can build a treatment plan that meets your goals. Taking the first step to call can be overwhelming, it can also be rewarding when you find that there are tools available to help with achieving your goals.
(249) 503-3693 View (249) 503-3693
Brittany Bull
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), RP(Q)
8 Endorsed
Serves Area
You don’t have to be in crisis to benefit from therapy. Many people reach out because they feel overwhelmed, emotionally drained, or stuck in patterns that no longer feel helpful. Therapy can offer a space to be heard, supported, and understood as you work toward greater clarity and balance. I’m Brittany, a Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) at Forest Lane Counselling, and I support individuals navigating stress, emotional overwhelm, life transitions, and personal growth.
You don’t have to be in crisis to benefit from therapy. Many people reach out because they feel overwhelmed, emotionally drained, or stuck in patterns that no longer feel helpful. Therapy can offer a space to be heard, supported, and understood as you work toward greater clarity and balance. I’m Brittany, a Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) at Forest Lane Counselling, and I support individuals navigating stress, emotional overwhelm, life transitions, and personal growth.
(249) 502-9190 View (249) 502-9190
Eastwind Psychotherapy
Registered Psychotherapist, BScPT, MACP, RP
5 Endorsed
Parry Sound, ON P2A
Hi, and welcome! My name is Lisa Ivany and I work with caregivers, couples (especially new and expecting parents), and individuals navigating transitions or trauma. You may feel overwhelmed, disconnected, anxious, or stuck in patterns that no longer serve you. With specialized training in infant mental health, emotional regulation, and birth and reproductive trauma, I offer support in rebuilding secure connections—with yourself, your partner, and your children. Together, we’ll explore what’s difficult in a grounded, collaborative space. You deserve meaningful support, and you don’t have to figure it out alone.
Hi, and welcome! My name is Lisa Ivany and I work with caregivers, couples (especially new and expecting parents), and individuals navigating transitions or trauma. You may feel overwhelmed, disconnected, anxious, or stuck in patterns that no longer serve you. With specialized training in infant mental health, emotional regulation, and birth and reproductive trauma, I offer support in rebuilding secure connections—with yourself, your partner, and your children. Together, we’ll explore what’s difficult in a grounded, collaborative space. You deserve meaningful support, and you don’t have to figure it out alone.
(249) 496-2692 View (249) 496-2692
Mariah Peardon
Registered Psychotherapist, MACP, BSc, CCTS-I
5 Endorsed
Serves Area
If you’ve found your way here, you may be seeking understanding, healing, or a path forward. It takes courage to take the first steps when you’re struggling, and I’m glad you’re here. My approach is rooted in warmth, empathy, honesty and deep respect for each person’s journey. I focus on supporting you as you navigate current challenges and heal from past wounds, creating a safe and nonjudgmental space where you can unravel and explore your experiences, heal and grow. Together, we will help you move towards the life you wish to live.
If you’ve found your way here, you may be seeking understanding, healing, or a path forward. It takes courage to take the first steps when you’re struggling, and I’m glad you’re here. My approach is rooted in warmth, empathy, honesty and deep respect for each person’s journey. I focus on supporting you as you navigate current challenges and heal from past wounds, creating a safe and nonjudgmental space where you can unravel and explore your experiences, heal and grow. Together, we will help you move towards the life you wish to live.
(705) 888-1635 View (705) 888-1635
Jay Sutton
Registered Psychotherapist, MDiv
While certainly open to journeying with any and all who may arrive at my door, I have a passion for helping create marriages & relationships that are enjoyed rather than endured; I love to help folks navigate the complexities of life's trauma(s), whether PTSD or otherwise; especially for those having dedicated their own lives to serving others (Military, First Responders, Medical Personnel, Pastors, Therapists, etc.); and I also hold a strong desire to help men overcome the various apprehensions they tend to experience around the notions of emotion and their own reaching out for help.
While certainly open to journeying with any and all who may arrive at my door, I have a passion for helping create marriages & relationships that are enjoyed rather than endured; I love to help folks navigate the complexities of life's trauma(s), whether PTSD or otherwise; especially for those having dedicated their own lives to serving others (Military, First Responders, Medical Personnel, Pastors, Therapists, etc.); and I also hold a strong desire to help men overcome the various apprehensions they tend to experience around the notions of emotion and their own reaching out for help.
(249) 523-2413 View (249) 523-2413
Brittany Barratt
Registered Psychotherapist, MACP, RP
4 Endorsed
Serves Area
You’re in your 20s or 30s, and life feels like one big question mark. Career stress? Check. Life direction? TBD. Anxiety and overthinking? Off the charts. Maybe you’re stuck in decision paralysis, replaying every “what if” or comparing your life to everyone else’s highlight reel. You want to move forward, but the harder you try to figure everything out, the more overwhelmed you feel. Therapy for young adults can help you manage anxiety, quiet the overthinking, build confidence and get clear on what you actually want. Let’s get you off the hamster wheel and back to feeling like you can breathe again.
You’re in your 20s or 30s, and life feels like one big question mark. Career stress? Check. Life direction? TBD. Anxiety and overthinking? Off the charts. Maybe you’re stuck in decision paralysis, replaying every “what if” or comparing your life to everyone else’s highlight reel. You want to move forward, but the harder you try to figure everything out, the more overwhelmed you feel. Therapy for young adults can help you manage anxiety, quiet the overthinking, build confidence and get clear on what you actually want. Let’s get you off the hamster wheel and back to feeling like you can breathe again.
(365) 656-0254 View (365) 656-0254

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Bala, ON

< 10

Counsellors in Bala, ON who prioritize treating:

100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Geriatric
100% Grief
100% Trauma and PTSD
100% Self Esteem
100% Women's Issues

Average years in practice

13 Years

Gender breakdown

100% Female

How Counsellors in Bala, ON see their clients

100% In Person and Online
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Bala?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postal code, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postal code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Most Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are certified by one of the main professional associations, mainly the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association (CCPA), and will have a Certified Canadian Counsellor (CCC) designation with their name. Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered members of the college specific to their province. To be listed in the directory, Psychologists must be registered with the psychological college specific to their province or territory.

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given the considerable variation in professional regulation and prerequisites across Canadian provinces, some providers may possess significant professional qualifications without necessarily holding professional memberships or being obliged to acquire them. As a result, they may be selectively included without the "Verified" seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors, psychotherapists and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in Canada.

Psychologists have a master's and/or doctoral degree and have passed both written and oral exams. Psychologists are able to complete mental health assessments and provide diagnostic information to clients as well as provide counselling therapy or psychotherapy. Counsellors and psychotherapists are expected to have a master's or doctoral degree in counselling psychology, social work, or a related mental health discipline and certification by a professional association, such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association. Registered Social Workers possess a Bachelor's or Master's degree in Social Work and where possible must be licensed or certified by the provincial government and/or regulatory college.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Canada could be between $100 and $200. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. Some types of outpatient mental health services are covered by Medicare, provided these are performed by a licensed mental health professional in the provinces or territory you reside in and who accepts the assignment.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postal code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Professionals licensed by regulatory colleges and those certified by associations such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association are obligated to uphold client confidentiality unless there is a legal reason that requires them to disclose information. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others, or a court order, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.