Therapists in Saskatoon, SK

Photo of Monique Roy, Registered Social Worker in Saskatoon, SK
Monique Roy
Registered Social Worker, BSW/RSW, SEP
Verified Verified
Saskatoon, SK S7H
Accepting new clients. I support individuals/couples who are being affected by their own or a loved one’s mental/emotional/spiritual health and/or addictions, codependency/other-centeredness issues, adult children of alcoholic related problems, individuals who are currently in an abusive (any type) relationship, and/or trying to leave an abusive relationship, trauma history (any type of trauma). Disordered eating, dysfunctional relationship w/ food & eating disorders. Specialize in narcissistic abuse/fallout of narcissistic abuse. Therapy approach - trauma informed CBT & SE.
Accepting new clients. I support individuals/couples who are being affected by their own or a loved one’s mental/emotional/spiritual health and/or addictions, codependency/other-centeredness issues, adult children of alcoholic related problems, individuals who are currently in an abusive (any type) relationship, and/or trying to leave an abusive relationship, trauma history (any type of trauma). Disordered eating, dysfunctional relationship w/ food & eating disorders. Specialize in narcissistic abuse/fallout of narcissistic abuse. Therapy approach - trauma informed CBT & SE.
(306) 403-8482 View (306) 403-8482
Photo of Dr. Michelle Gagnon, Psychologist in Saskatoon, SK
Dr. Michelle Gagnon
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Saskatoon, SK S7N
I am accepting new assessment clients. I am not currently accepting new therapy clients. I am a registered doctoral psychologist in the province of Saskatchewan. I primarily work with children and families. I currently offer psychodiagnostic and psychoeducational assessments for children and adolescents aged 6 to 16. I work with families who may wish to learn more about their child's thinking, learning, and emotional functioning; or are wondering if their child might have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, a learning disability, an intellectual disorder or delays, a behavioural disorder, or anxiety-related disorder.
I am accepting new assessment clients. I am not currently accepting new therapy clients. I am a registered doctoral psychologist in the province of Saskatchewan. I primarily work with children and families. I currently offer psychodiagnostic and psychoeducational assessments for children and adolescents aged 6 to 16. I work with families who may wish to learn more about their child's thinking, learning, and emotional functioning; or are wondering if their child might have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, a learning disability, an intellectual disorder or delays, a behavioural disorder, or anxiety-related disorder.
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Photo of Brendon Gibson, Counsellor in Saskatoon, SK
Brendon Gibson
Counsellor
Verified Verified
Saskatoon, SK S7H
I desire to help you imagine a better story, create healthier relationships, and experience greater flourishing in life. I am committed to being an empathic presence with you in your pain and struggle (emotional, relational, or spiritual), whose compassion, curiosity, and collaboration help you discover within yourself the resources to respond with courage and wisdom to the challenges you are facing.
I desire to help you imagine a better story, create healthier relationships, and experience greater flourishing in life. I am committed to being an empathic presence with you in your pain and struggle (emotional, relational, or spiritual), whose compassion, curiosity, and collaboration help you discover within yourself the resources to respond with courage and wisdom to the challenges you are facing.
(306) 988-7461 View (306) 988-7461
Photo of Insight Counselling & Holistic Therapy, Registered Social Worker in Saskatoon, SK
Insight Counselling & Holistic Therapy
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW, RYT 200
Verified Verified
Saskatoon, SK S7L
Are you looking to make a change in your life? Perhaps you're dealing with the impacts of trauma or a stressful situation? Your reasons for reaching out are valid. At Insight Counselling you will experience a compassionate, open-minded, trauma-sensitive approach to counselling. Holistic therapy combines traditional talk therapy with breath and body work, aiming to help you find balance by focusing on your mind-body connection.
Are you looking to make a change in your life? Perhaps you're dealing with the impacts of trauma or a stressful situation? Your reasons for reaching out are valid. At Insight Counselling you will experience a compassionate, open-minded, trauma-sensitive approach to counselling. Holistic therapy combines traditional talk therapy with breath and body work, aiming to help you find balance by focusing on your mind-body connection.
(306) 992-9029 View (306) 992-9029
Photo of Jill Barnstable, Registered Provisional Psychologist in Saskatoon, SK
Jill Barnstable
Registered Provisional Psychologist, MC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saskatoon, SK S7K
Not accepting new clients
Maybe you feel like something’s wrong, but you’re not sure exactly what. Lately it’s been harder to deal with the challenges of everyday life. You've lost your usual motivation and energy. It seems like your emotions can change from one minute to the next. And sometimes you let your emotions get the best of you. You’ve noticed a change in yourself, and your loved ones can see it too, but they're not sure how to help.
Maybe you feel like something’s wrong, but you’re not sure exactly what. Lately it’s been harder to deal with the challenges of everyday life. You've lost your usual motivation and energy. It seems like your emotions can change from one minute to the next. And sometimes you let your emotions get the best of you. You’ve noticed a change in yourself, and your loved ones can see it too, but they're not sure how to help.
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Photo of Pamela Hutchings, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saskatoon, SK
Pamela Hutchings
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, BSW, RSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saskatoon, SK S7K
Hello! My name is Pam, and I am proud to call Treaty 6 Territory – Homeland of the Metis – the place where I take up space. I am committed to creating a safe, inclusive, and non-judgemental environment to support you while you navigate your personal goals towards growth, healing, and a deeper understanding of self. I approach each person with curiosity, kindness, and compassion – walking alongside you through life’s challenges. I believe everyone has a deep sense of knowing – an intuitive guide that helps illuminate your path forward and that sometimes life circumstances dim the light that we have within.
Hello! My name is Pam, and I am proud to call Treaty 6 Territory – Homeland of the Metis – the place where I take up space. I am committed to creating a safe, inclusive, and non-judgemental environment to support you while you navigate your personal goals towards growth, healing, and a deeper understanding of self. I approach each person with curiosity, kindness, and compassion – walking alongside you through life’s challenges. I believe everyone has a deep sense of knowing – an intuitive guide that helps illuminate your path forward and that sometimes life circumstances dim the light that we have within.
(306) 992-2995 View (306) 992-2995
Photo of Carissa Lyn Seitz, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) in Saskatoon, SK
Carissa Lyn Seitz
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Saskatoon, SK S7L
Life - forever changing. How does one merge in with the change of time when they are stuck in the past with the stories that created such impact and varying degrees of trauma? How does one continue on trying to understand the experiences which led to behavioural addictions or substance use disorders? The battle to "be" and feel free and "okay" is so overwhelming they see no other option than to die - or feel such shame for thinking about it. What crisis has you gripped by the throat leaving you immobile or so dissociated you don't know where one self begins and the other ends?
Life - forever changing. How does one merge in with the change of time when they are stuck in the past with the stories that created such impact and varying degrees of trauma? How does one continue on trying to understand the experiences which led to behavioural addictions or substance use disorders? The battle to "be" and feel free and "okay" is so overwhelming they see no other option than to die - or feel such shame for thinking about it. What crisis has you gripped by the throat leaving you immobile or so dissociated you don't know where one self begins and the other ends?
(306) 992-0588 View (306) 992-0588
Photo of Michelle Buglas, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saskatoon, SK
Michelle Buglas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saskatoon, SK S7H
I have over 25 years of experience working in the field of mental health in a variety of areas, however, my passion has landed in the area of supporting individuals over the age of 50 as they navigate the many changes that come with this time of life. I believe that this age group is often overlooked when it comes to counselling support and services and yet it is a significant time in people’s lives where they experience many transitions, changes and personal growth.
I have over 25 years of experience working in the field of mental health in a variety of areas, however, my passion has landed in the area of supporting individuals over the age of 50 as they navigate the many changes that come with this time of life. I believe that this age group is often overlooked when it comes to counselling support and services and yet it is a significant time in people’s lives where they experience many transitions, changes and personal growth.
(306) 500-9054 View (306) 500-9054
Photo of Hannah Povey, Counsellor in Saskatoon, SK
Hannah Povey
Counsellor, She/Her, BA, MC, CCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saskatoon, SK S7N
I have a Masters Degree in Counselling. I work with Youth, Young Adults, and Adults in the areas of anxiety, depression, life transitions, personal growth, and healthy relationships. I am passionate about helping people author their life story with meaning and purpose despite challenging life circumstances. My goal is to be a fellow traveller empowering others as they navigate their way through life; helping clients define problems, identifying strengths and potential steps in their own wellness. I provide a non-judgmental setting open to all.
I have a Masters Degree in Counselling. I work with Youth, Young Adults, and Adults in the areas of anxiety, depression, life transitions, personal growth, and healthy relationships. I am passionate about helping people author their life story with meaning and purpose despite challenging life circumstances. My goal is to be a fellow traveller empowering others as they navigate their way through life; helping clients define problems, identifying strengths and potential steps in their own wellness. I provide a non-judgmental setting open to all.
(306) 801-7657 View (306) 801-7657
Photo of Sara I Mancuso, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) in Saskatoon, SK
Sara I Mancuso
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MACP, HBASc
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Saskatoon, SK S7K  (Online Only)
Accepting NEW Clients! - Struggling with feelings like anxiety, guilt, or shame that are holding you back? Feeling overwhelmed by tough thoughts or past negative experiences? Is that inner voice being extra harsh on you? Whether it's mood swings, stress, trauma, grief, ADHD, or big life changes, I'm here to help you find your way. I strongly believe everyone has the power to turn challenges, tough experiences, and painful feelings into chances to grow and discover more about yourself. I hold a Masters of Counselling Psychology and I am an EMDR practitioner and I work with individuals and couples.
Accepting NEW Clients! - Struggling with feelings like anxiety, guilt, or shame that are holding you back? Feeling overwhelmed by tough thoughts or past negative experiences? Is that inner voice being extra harsh on you? Whether it's mood swings, stress, trauma, grief, ADHD, or big life changes, I'm here to help you find your way. I strongly believe everyone has the power to turn challenges, tough experiences, and painful feelings into chances to grow and discover more about yourself. I hold a Masters of Counselling Psychology and I am an EMDR practitioner and I work with individuals and couples.
(306) 900-9593 View (306) 900-9593
Photo of The Practice ~ CM Counselling and Consulting, Registered Social Worker in Saskatoon, SK
The Practice ~ CM Counselling and Consulting
Registered Social Worker, MSW, SEP, RYT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saskatoon, SK S7T
Not accepting new clients
Hi, The Practice provides psycho social counselling services to individuals and couples with a special focus on women's life matter and relationship matters. Whether you are a women moving through the transitions of mid life, a new couple looking to create a secure functioning relationship or a woman or couple living through betrayal it is my intention to provide a safe space with evidence based care so that you can feel seen, heard, and connected. As humans we heal and grown in relationships.
Hi, The Practice provides psycho social counselling services to individuals and couples with a special focus on women's life matter and relationship matters. Whether you are a women moving through the transitions of mid life, a new couple looking to create a secure functioning relationship or a woman or couple living through betrayal it is my intention to provide a safe space with evidence based care so that you can feel seen, heard, and connected. As humans we heal and grown in relationships.
(306) 992-2038 x306 View (306) 992-2038 x306
Photo of Jennifer Ballantyne, Registered Social Worker in Saskatoon, SK
Jennifer Ballantyne
Registered Social Worker, BSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Saskatoon, SK S7K
Not accepting new clients
I’m committed to listening with an open heart and mind, and walking beside you as you navigate life’s most difficult challenges. I will create a safe space that empowers you. Together, we will explore the root cause of your difficulties, and develop coping strategies to address them.
I’m committed to listening with an open heart and mind, and walking beside you as you navigate life’s most difficult challenges. I will create a safe space that empowers you. Together, we will explore the root cause of your difficulties, and develop coping strategies to address them.
(306) 518-8322 View (306) 518-8322
Photo of Logan Scott Harland, Pre-Licensed Professional in Saskatoon, SK
Logan Scott Harland
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saskatoon, SK S7K
My passion for empowering individuals 12 and older stems from my own journey of navigating mental health challenges during adolescence. This experience fuels my commitment to helping others not only improve their mental well-being but also thrive in all aspects of their lives. Whether you're struggling with mood disorders, substance abuse, motivation, or the pressures of relationships, family, athletics, or life itself, I can offer a safe and supportive space to explore your challenges and work towards positive change.
My passion for empowering individuals 12 and older stems from my own journey of navigating mental health challenges during adolescence. This experience fuels my commitment to helping others not only improve their mental well-being but also thrive in all aspects of their lives. Whether you're struggling with mood disorders, substance abuse, motivation, or the pressures of relationships, family, athletics, or life itself, I can offer a safe and supportive space to explore your challenges and work towards positive change.
(306) 517-7176 View (306) 517-7176
Photo of Darcie Olson, Registered Social Worker in Saskatoon, SK
Darcie Olson
Registered Social Worker, BSW, RSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saskatoon, SK S7H
I am passionate about helping individuals and families to experience life to the fullest by finding a path that moves from enduring life, to thriving in it. I believe the core of the therapeutic relationship is autonomy and partnership. Wherever you are at, I will meet you there. I have experience working with children, youth, adults, caregivers, and families in a variety of roles/settings. I use a variety of therapeutic interventions including CBT, motivational interviewing, SFT, family systems theory, play-based approached, and narrative therapy. My practice is trauma informed, person-centered, and mindfulness based.
I am passionate about helping individuals and families to experience life to the fullest by finding a path that moves from enduring life, to thriving in it. I believe the core of the therapeutic relationship is autonomy and partnership. Wherever you are at, I will meet you there. I have experience working with children, youth, adults, caregivers, and families in a variety of roles/settings. I use a variety of therapeutic interventions including CBT, motivational interviewing, SFT, family systems theory, play-based approached, and narrative therapy. My practice is trauma informed, person-centered, and mindfulness based.
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Photo of Zach Wall, Counsellor in Saskatoon, SK
Zach Wall
Counsellor, MC, CCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Saskatoon, SK S7H
Are you or your child/teen struggling with depression, anxiety, behavioural issues, bed-wetting, childhood trauma, separated parents, addictions, relationships, aggression, faith, or academics? Treehouse Child and Youth Counselling is here to support you. My name is Zach and I have over 10 years of experience working with children and youth at summer camps and local non-profit organizations. Through this, I have developed a passion for supporting children, teens, and young adults as they navigate the often-tumultuous journeys of adolescence and emerging adulthood.
Are you or your child/teen struggling with depression, anxiety, behavioural issues, bed-wetting, childhood trauma, separated parents, addictions, relationships, aggression, faith, or academics? Treehouse Child and Youth Counselling is here to support you. My name is Zach and I have over 10 years of experience working with children and youth at summer camps and local non-profit organizations. Through this, I have developed a passion for supporting children, teens, and young adults as they navigate the often-tumultuous journeys of adolescence and emerging adulthood.
(306) 993-4393 View (306) 993-4393
Photo of Rebecca Peters, Counsellor in Saskatoon, SK
Rebecca Peters
Counsellor, LPC, LMHC
Verified Verified
Saskatoon, SK S7J  (Online Only)
Hi there! I'm here to support women in all stages of life. Whether you're dealing with general mental health issues, family caused pain or trauma, complicated relationships, abuse, postpartum, and/or sexual trauma. I'm here to support you as you work through these real, and sensitive issues. I want to help you find true healing, so you can thrive. ​ Together we'll work through your life experiences, find new perspectives, and bring the pieces together to help you move towards healing. ​ My goal is to create a safe space for you to feel supported, seen, and heard.
Hi there! I'm here to support women in all stages of life. Whether you're dealing with general mental health issues, family caused pain or trauma, complicated relationships, abuse, postpartum, and/or sexual trauma. I'm here to support you as you work through these real, and sensitive issues. I want to help you find true healing, so you can thrive. ​ Together we'll work through your life experiences, find new perspectives, and bring the pieces together to help you move towards healing. ​ My goal is to create a safe space for you to feel supported, seen, and heard.
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Photo of Joni Wiebe Macnab, Psychologist in Saskatoon, SK
Joni Wiebe Macnab
Psychologist, MEd, RPsych
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saskatoon, SK S7H
I am excited to offer virtual and in-person assessments through the Anderson Dupuis Wellness clinic in the areas of learning disabilities, intellectual disabilities, ADHD, mood, and anxiety disorders.
I am excited to offer virtual and in-person assessments through the Anderson Dupuis Wellness clinic in the areas of learning disabilities, intellectual disabilities, ADHD, mood, and anxiety disorders.
(306) 801-7327 View (306) 801-7327
Photo of Jayne Enns, Registered Social Worker in Saskatoon, SK
Jayne Enns
Registered Social Worker, BSW, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saskatoon, SK S7K
Is your child or teen struggling with emotional regulation? Do they feel stuck in feelings of anxiety, sadness and loss? Does your child struggle to feel good enough?
Is your child or teen struggling with emotional regulation? Do they feel stuck in feelings of anxiety, sadness and loss? Does your child struggle to feel good enough?
(306) 802-4992 View (306) 802-4992
Photo of Jenny Halbgewachs, Counsellor in Saskatoon, SK
Jenny Halbgewachs
Counsellor, MAC, CCC
Verified Verified
Saskatoon, SK S7N
Welcome! What can you expect when sitting with me in a counselling session? You will be met with compassion and acceptance, as you are unique. I genuinely want to hear your story, the struggles and successes. I am passionate about providing high quality therapeutic and professional care that will help you find solutions, while encouraging your innate strengths and resiliency. I have been working with couples, children, youth, and young adults for over 20 years and respect the distinctive aspects of each developmental stage and season of life. In counselling I currently am accepting adults, couples and children (8-12).
Welcome! What can you expect when sitting with me in a counselling session? You will be met with compassion and acceptance, as you are unique. I genuinely want to hear your story, the struggles and successes. I am passionate about providing high quality therapeutic and professional care that will help you find solutions, while encouraging your innate strengths and resiliency. I have been working with couples, children, youth, and young adults for over 20 years and respect the distinctive aspects of each developmental stage and season of life. In counselling I currently am accepting adults, couples and children (8-12).
(306) 985-0074 View (306) 985-0074
Photo of Amanda Johnson, Registered Social Worker in Saskatoon, SK
Amanda Johnson
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW, BA
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Saskatoon, SK S7J  (Online Only)
Work-life balance can be difficult to manage on your own, especially if you are struggling with mental health; whether that be from a recent traumatic event or historical trauma. Layered in this can be undiagnosed learning conditions and/or caregiving responsibility, which can lead to heightened emotional stress or crisis. It is helpful to have a support network; either in your personal life, in the community, or even medically. Creating boundaries for ones self is a big step and I can help through this by providing solution-focused, goal oriented strategies, hopefully creating more balance and getting back to your 'normal self'.
Work-life balance can be difficult to manage on your own, especially if you are struggling with mental health; whether that be from a recent traumatic event or historical trauma. Layered in this can be undiagnosed learning conditions and/or caregiving responsibility, which can lead to heightened emotional stress or crisis. It is helpful to have a support network; either in your personal life, in the community, or even medically. Creating boundaries for ones self is a big step and I can help through this by providing solution-focused, goal oriented strategies, hopefully creating more balance and getting back to your 'normal self'.
(306) 801-7544 View (306) 801-7544

See more therapy options for Saskatoon

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Saskatoon, SK

300+

Average cost per session

$150

Counsellors in Saskatoon, SK who prioritize treating:

87% Anxiety
78% Depression
71% Stress
68% Relationship Issues
68% Self Esteem
65% Trauma and PTSD
62% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

54% SunLife
48% Canada Life | Great-West Life
47% Blue Cross

How Counsellors in Saskatoon, SK see their clients

73% In Person and Online
27% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
14% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Saskatoon?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postal code, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postal code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Most Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are certified by one of the main professional associations, mainly the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association (CCPA), and will have a Certified Canadian Counsellor (CCC) designation with their name. Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered members of the college specific to their province. To be listed in the directory, Psychologists must be registered with the psychological college specific to their province or territory.

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given the considerable variation in professional regulation and prerequisites across Canadian provinces, some providers may possess significant professional qualifications without necessarily holding professional memberships or being obliged to acquire them. As a result, they may be selectively included without the "Verified" seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors, psychotherapists and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in Canada.

Psychologists have a master's and/or doctoral degree and have passed both written and oral exams. Psychologists are able to complete mental health assessments and provide diagnostic information to clients as well as provide counselling therapy or psychotherapy. Counsellors and psychotherapists are expected to have a master's or doctoral degree in counselling psychology, social work, or a related mental health discipline and certification by a professional association, such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association. Registered Social Workers possess a Bachelor's or Master's degree in Social Work and where possible must be licensed or certified by the provincial government and/or regulatory college.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Canada could be between $100 and $200. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. Some types of outpatient mental health services are covered by Medicare, provided these are performed by a licensed mental health professional in the provinces or territory you reside in and who accepts the assignment.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postal code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Professionals licensed by regulatory colleges and those certified by associations such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association are obligated to uphold client confidentiality unless there is a legal reason that requires them to disclose information. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others, or a court order, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.