Therapists in M5W

Photo of Jessica Findlay - Jessica Findlay - Grief & Trauma Counselling , Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Jessica Findlay - Grief & Trauma Counselling
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Toronto, ON M5W
Welcome to Findlay Grief Therapy. Currently, accepting new clients virtually across Ontario and Alberta and in-person in Cochrane, AB. I specialize in trauma and grief, particularly due to infertility, pregnancy or infant loss, loss of a child, birth trauma, termination of a pregnancy, prenatal and postpartum mental health, and difficulties arising from lengthy pediatric admissions for parents. For over 15 years, I have been passionate about providing high quality and compassionate support to individuals, couples, or families during some of the most devastating and difficult times in their lives.
Welcome to Findlay Grief Therapy. Currently, accepting new clients virtually across Ontario and Alberta and in-person in Cochrane, AB. I specialize in trauma and grief, particularly due to infertility, pregnancy or infant loss, loss of a child, birth trauma, termination of a pregnancy, prenatal and postpartum mental health, and difficulties arising from lengthy pediatric admissions for parents. For over 15 years, I have been passionate about providing high quality and compassionate support to individuals, couples, or families during some of the most devastating and difficult times in their lives.
(587) 912-2298 View (587) 912-2298
Photo of Olivia Jagoo, Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Olivia Jagoo
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I am a social worker who is passionate about creating a safe, supportive space where people can show up as their authentic selves and feel truly heard. I work with teens and adults navigating grief, stress, life transitions, health challenges, and other emotional experiences that can feel overwhelming or isolating. My goal is to walk alongside you — offering compassion, perspective, and tools to help you cope, find clarity, and reconnect with your inner strength. You don’t need to have everything figured out. Together, we’ll explore what you’re carrying and work toward finding steadiness, clarity, and connection again.
I am a social worker who is passionate about creating a safe, supportive space where people can show up as their authentic selves and feel truly heard. I work with teens and adults navigating grief, stress, life transitions, health challenges, and other emotional experiences that can feel overwhelming or isolating. My goal is to walk alongside you — offering compassion, perspective, and tools to help you cope, find clarity, and reconnect with your inner strength. You don’t need to have everything figured out. Together, we’ll explore what you’re carrying and work toward finding steadiness, clarity, and connection again.
(226) 602-8650 View (226) 602-8650
Photo of Krisha Séguin, Registered Psychotherapist, MA, CCC, (she, her)
Krisha Séguin
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, CCC, (she, her)
3 Endorsed
Serves Area
Whether you are navigating burnout, family disagreements, dual cultural expectations, romantic relationship differences, or work stress, you will experience an authentic space where you can bring your struggles to talk about and start new patterns of engagement with your lives.
Whether you are navigating burnout, family disagreements, dual cultural expectations, romantic relationship differences, or work stress, you will experience an authentic space where you can bring your struggles to talk about and start new patterns of engagement with your lives.
(844) 452-4147 View (844) 452-4147
Photo of Kimberly Gosselin, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MACP
Kimberly Gosselin
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MACP
Serves Area
Areas of Practice I provide personalized support across a wide range of concerns, including, anxiety, mood, relationship issues, grief and loss, self-esteem, life transitions, stress management, professional stress, burnout, attachment and relational trauma and more. I practice from a trauma-informed lens. Every individual’s journey is unique. My goal is to support you in discovering new perspectives and strategies, helping you navigate challenges and create a life that feels more aligned with your values and aspirations. Let’s work together to unlock insights, foster resilience, and chart a course toward a brighter future.
Areas of Practice I provide personalized support across a wide range of concerns, including, anxiety, mood, relationship issues, grief and loss, self-esteem, life transitions, stress management, professional stress, burnout, attachment and relational trauma and more. I practice from a trauma-informed lens. Every individual’s journey is unique. My goal is to support you in discovering new perspectives and strategies, helping you navigate challenges and create a life that feels more aligned with your values and aspirations. Let’s work together to unlock insights, foster resilience, and chart a course toward a brighter future.
(437) 747-7122 View (437) 747-7122
Photo of Samantha English, Registered Social Service Worker, HBCP, RSSW
Samantha English
Registered Social Service Worker, HBCP, RSSW
Serves Area
Have you found yourself feeling like you need to change to be in relationships that “work?” Do you struggle with feeling heard in conversation, or feeling blocked when trying to hear what your relationships might be trying to say? Are you grieving what used to be, or longing for something that feels missing? What would you say, If I were to tell you that it’s natural to be in relation with many moving things, and each one might be trying to speak to you. If I were to ask you about your relationships and what they want you to know, what do you think they might say?
Have you found yourself feeling like you need to change to be in relationships that “work?” Do you struggle with feeling heard in conversation, or feeling blocked when trying to hear what your relationships might be trying to say? Are you grieving what used to be, or longing for something that feels missing? What would you say, If I were to tell you that it’s natural to be in relation with many moving things, and each one might be trying to speak to you. If I were to ask you about your relationships and what they want you to know, what do you think they might say?
(705) 606-6030 View (705) 606-6030
Photo of Dr. Arden Corter - Dr Arden Corter, Balance Psychology and Wellness, PhD, C Psych
Dr Arden Corter, Balance Psychology and Wellness
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I work both in private practice and at Sunnybrook Hosital's Odette Cancer Centre. I specialize in working with adults who: are managing chronic or serious health conditions; want to make lifestyle changes; and/or who want to improve their mood and reduce stress. Of course, physical health doesn't operate in a vacuum and is often affected by state of mind, social relationships, finances, work situations, past trauma, family life and intimate relationships. With this in mind, I work holistically to support people to manage life stressors, conditions like anxiety and depression, relationship problems and more.
I work both in private practice and at Sunnybrook Hosital's Odette Cancer Centre. I specialize in working with adults who: are managing chronic or serious health conditions; want to make lifestyle changes; and/or who want to improve their mood and reduce stress. Of course, physical health doesn't operate in a vacuum and is often affected by state of mind, social relationships, finances, work situations, past trauma, family life and intimate relationships. With this in mind, I work holistically to support people to manage life stressors, conditions like anxiety and depression, relationship problems and more.
(437) 747-8264 View (437) 747-8264
Photo of Audrey Morrison, Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Audrey Morrison
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Life can get difficult at times and it's perfectly normal to reach out for help. Whether you have anxiety, depression or other mental health concerns, you have come to the right place. You will find me caring, compassionate and non-judgemental. I have a wealth of experience providing therapy to all age groups. I typically use therapies such as Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT), Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Solution Focused Therapy. We would decide together the best fit for you. I would be honoured to work with you to meet your goals.
Life can get difficult at times and it's perfectly normal to reach out for help. Whether you have anxiety, depression or other mental health concerns, you have come to the right place. You will find me caring, compassionate and non-judgemental. I have a wealth of experience providing therapy to all age groups. I typically use therapies such as Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT), Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Solution Focused Therapy. We would decide together the best fit for you. I would be honoured to work with you to meet your goals.
(902) 906-9161 View (902) 906-9161
Photo of Andrea Amaral, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), RCC, MA, CCC
Andrea Amaral
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), RCC, MA, CCC
7 Endorsed
Online Only
You may feel stuck, disconnected, or uncertain about how to move forward. What you need is a safe, supportive space where you can openly explore your thoughts and feelings. You deserve someone who listens without judgment and helps you gain clarity and confidence in navigating life's difficulties. Your goal is to develop healthier coping strategies, enhance your emotional resilience, and build a deeper sense of self-awareness.
You may feel stuck, disconnected, or uncertain about how to move forward. What you need is a safe, supportive space where you can openly explore your thoughts and feelings. You deserve someone who listens without judgment and helps you gain clarity and confidence in navigating life's difficulties. Your goal is to develop healthier coping strategies, enhance your emotional resilience, and build a deeper sense of self-awareness.
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Photo of Tina Pirvali, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Tina Pirvali
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
1 Endorsed
Online Only
FREE Consultation – start your healing journey today! If you're feeling overwhelmed by unresolved trauma, negative thought patterns, or compulsive behaviours, you don’t have to face it alone. Now offering couples therapy! I bring with me a background in supporting both intrapersonal and interpersonal relational wounds, helping individuals and partners deepen their understanding of themselves and each other. My approach is compassionate, collaborative, and solution-focused.
FREE Consultation – start your healing journey today! If you're feeling overwhelmed by unresolved trauma, negative thought patterns, or compulsive behaviours, you don’t have to face it alone. Now offering couples therapy! I bring with me a background in supporting both intrapersonal and interpersonal relational wounds, helping individuals and partners deepen their understanding of themselves and each other. My approach is compassionate, collaborative, and solution-focused.
(343) 513-1350 View (343) 513-1350
Photo of Euan Fraser Tait, Registered Psychotherapist, RP, MA
Euan Fraser Tait
Registered Psychotherapist, RP, MA
6 Endorsed
Online Only
Do you constantly criticize yourself but feel it never helps? Do your efforts never feel like enough? The treatment of self-criticism, perfectionism, and trauma are my specialties. My approach focuses on building your confidence, clarity, and resilience. In our sessions, we'll work together to understand, challenge, and quiet your inner critic. Through present day work and the exploration of past trauma, we can break through the emotional barriers that hold you back to help you achieve your personal goals. Let's embark on this journey towards a kinder and more fulfilling life together.
Do you constantly criticize yourself but feel it never helps? Do your efforts never feel like enough? The treatment of self-criticism, perfectionism, and trauma are my specialties. My approach focuses on building your confidence, clarity, and resilience. In our sessions, we'll work together to understand, challenge, and quiet your inner critic. Through present day work and the exploration of past trauma, we can break through the emotional barriers that hold you back to help you achieve your personal goals. Let's embark on this journey towards a kinder and more fulfilling life together.
(548) 489-1407 View (548) 489-1407
Photo of Jennifer Holt - Holt Counselling & Consulting Services, Registered Psychotherapist, MEd, CCC, RP
Holt Counselling & Consulting Services
Registered Psychotherapist, MEd, CCC, RP
Online Only
Over the past 27 years I have specialized in working with individuals (adults and youth, male and female) who have done something of a sexual nature that has gotten them into trouble, or have engaged in violent behaviour towards their intimate partner. I also support families with safety planning. I am a qualified expert in Criminal, Family, and Superior court to conduct risk assessments for individuals who have committed a sexual based offence, as well provide the courts with recommendations for treatment options for those individuals. I am also specialized in working with clients suffering with anger management issues.
Over the past 27 years I have specialized in working with individuals (adults and youth, male and female) who have done something of a sexual nature that has gotten them into trouble, or have engaged in violent behaviour towards their intimate partner. I also support families with safety planning. I am a qualified expert in Criminal, Family, and Superior court to conduct risk assessments for individuals who have committed a sexual based offence, as well provide the courts with recommendations for treatment options for those individuals. I am also specialized in working with clients suffering with anger management issues.
(519) 319-9491 View (519) 319-9491
Photo of Allison C. Restagno, PhD, MSc, B MUS, SummaCL, DMus
Allison C. Restagno
Verified Verified
Online Only
It is my firm belief that everyone deserves someone to talk to, and to pour out what has been long kept in their heart, body, mind, spirit, and soul. It is with that belief, that I offer my skills, and trained ear as a counselor, in order to help you navigate through this situation that you are finding yourself going through. You are never alone. Although it may feel like this at this very moment, you are stronger than you think that you are. Real strength, in my opinion, is being able to be vulnerable, being able to disclose a hidden problem or area of great pain, and to deal with this 'head on', and with someone who can help you.
It is my firm belief that everyone deserves someone to talk to, and to pour out what has been long kept in their heart, body, mind, spirit, and soul. It is with that belief, that I offer my skills, and trained ear as a counselor, in order to help you navigate through this situation that you are finding yourself going through. You are never alone. Although it may feel like this at this very moment, you are stronger than you think that you are. Real strength, in my opinion, is being able to be vulnerable, being able to disclose a hidden problem or area of great pain, and to deal with this 'head on', and with someone who can help you.
(365) 657-1027 View (365) 657-1027
Photo of Kerri Michelle Read, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MA
Kerri Michelle Read
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MA
3 Endorsed
Online Only
My ideal client is someone who feels stuck, overwhelmed, or disconnected from themselves, others, or their purpose. They’re craving clarity, balance, and emotional relief. They want to heal old patterns, feel more grounded, and start living in alignment with their true selves.
My ideal client is someone who feels stuck, overwhelmed, or disconnected from themselves, others, or their purpose. They’re craving clarity, balance, and emotional relief. They want to heal old patterns, feel more grounded, and start living in alignment with their true selves.
(226) 909-7079 View (226) 909-7079
Photo of Jennifer Barrett, Registered Psychotherapist, RP, PhD
Jennifer Barrett
Registered Psychotherapist, RP, PhD
Online Only
I provide an open, safe space for exploring feelings and meaning, coping with challenges, honouring uniqueness, recognizing strengths, and generating new understandings of the problems that come to define our lives. I support individuals with challenges involving mood, anxiety, identity, stress, self-esteem, relationships, grief, and life transitions (please see full list below).
I provide an open, safe space for exploring feelings and meaning, coping with challenges, honouring uniqueness, recognizing strengths, and generating new understandings of the problems that come to define our lives. I support individuals with challenges involving mood, anxiety, identity, stress, self-esteem, relationships, grief, and life transitions (please see full list below).
(289) 768-9291 View (289) 768-9291

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Steven Typa, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MPS, BES
Steven Typa
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MPS, BES
3 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M6S
Welcome to Steven’s profile! He is an active member in good standing with the College of Registered Psychotherapists of Ontario (CRPO). Steven completed his Masters in Psychospiritual Studies with a Certificate in Spiritual Care & Psychotherapy at the University of Toronto. He is a member of the Association for Contextual Behavioral Science (ACBS). Steven has training in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (ACT), and existential therapy. His blend of a behavioral framework and an existential emphasis enable an approach that is conscientious, collaborative, and customized to each client he supports.
Welcome to Steven’s profile! He is an active member in good standing with the College of Registered Psychotherapists of Ontario (CRPO). Steven completed his Masters in Psychospiritual Studies with a Certificate in Spiritual Care & Psychotherapy at the University of Toronto. He is a member of the Association for Contextual Behavioral Science (ACBS). Steven has training in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (ACT), and existential therapy. His blend of a behavioral framework and an existential emphasis enable an approach that is conscientious, collaborative, and customized to each client he supports.
(365) 990-3123 View (365) 990-3123
Photo of Dr. Jason Granzotto - Tri-Health Wellness Centre, Registered Social Worker, ND
Tri-Health Wellness Centre
Registered Social Worker, ND
Vaughan, ON L4L
Welcome to the Tri-Health Wellness Centre where compassionate care and expert guidance come together to support your well-being. At our clinic, we offer services in social work and psychotherapy, offering a safe and nurturing environment for you to explore and address life's challenges.
Welcome to the Tri-Health Wellness Centre where compassionate care and expert guidance come together to support your well-being. At our clinic, we offer services in social work and psychotherapy, offering a safe and nurturing environment for you to explore and address life's challenges.
(289) 212-8646 View (289) 212-8646
Photo of Mira Hamat, Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Mira Hamat
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Vaughan, ON L4L
I work with children and adolescents who are struggling with anxiety and depression to improve their quality of life . It is always gratifying to see how therapy can improve their functioning . My website is mirahamat.com.
I work with children and adolescents who are struggling with anxiety and depression to improve their quality of life . It is always gratifying to see how therapy can improve their functioning . My website is mirahamat.com.
(289) 312-6283 View (289) 312-6283
Photo of Buu Dao - Buu Dao - Immigrants & Child of Immigrants Therapy, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MACP
Buu Dao - Immigrants & Child of Immigrants Therapy
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MACP
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5V
You're an adult child of immigrants or an immigrant. You’re hard on yourself, likely a perfectionist, and constantly push yourself to do and achieve more, even though you're exhausted. You're caught between cultures, where you don't feel "Canadian enough" but you also don’t feel fully “enough” in your heritage culture. You struggle to set boundaries with your parents and to make decisions that prioritize what's important to you. Pursuing things like your career, partner, or parenting style, especially when you know your parents won’t approve, seems selfish and brings up a huge sense of guilt in you.
You're an adult child of immigrants or an immigrant. You’re hard on yourself, likely a perfectionist, and constantly push yourself to do and achieve more, even though you're exhausted. You're caught between cultures, where you don't feel "Canadian enough" but you also don’t feel fully “enough” in your heritage culture. You struggle to set boundaries with your parents and to make decisions that prioritize what's important to you. Pursuing things like your career, partner, or parenting style, especially when you know your parents won’t approve, seems selfish and brings up a huge sense of guilt in you.
(647) 584-0889 View (647) 584-0889
Photo of Shane Banner - Ontario Therapy Group (In-person + Direct Billing), Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Ontario Therapy Group (In-person + Direct Billing)
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
1 Endorsed
Mississauga, ON L4Z
You’re capable and caring, but lately life feels heavier than it should. Maybe communication at home is tense, you’re stuck in worry or burnout, or your teen is shutting down. You want practical strategies that work in real life—not lectures. You’re looking for a therapist who understands culture, family dynamics, and the pressures of Toronto life, and who can guide you with structure, warmth, and evidence-based tools so you can feel calmer, closer, and back in control of your days.
You’re capable and caring, but lately life feels heavier than it should. Maybe communication at home is tense, you’re stuck in worry or burnout, or your teen is shutting down. You want practical strategies that work in real life—not lectures. You’re looking for a therapist who understands culture, family dynamics, and the pressures of Toronto life, and who can guide you with structure, warmth, and evidence-based tools so you can feel calmer, closer, and back in control of your days.
(289) 806-3116 View (289) 806-3116
Photo of Kimberley Cross, Registered Psychotherapist, MEd, RP
Kimberley Cross
Registered Psychotherapist, MEd, RP
1 Endorsed
Aurora, ON L4G
I am a registered psychotherapist providing counselling to families, adults and couples. My specialized expertise is in anxiety, depression, neurodivergence (ADHD and ASD), giftedness, acute and chronic medical conditions, trauma for professionals and care-givers. I am a Level 1 graduate of the Internal Family Systems Insitute and have addtional training in IFS. I teach mindfulness as a way of finding peace in the present moment. Mindfulness strategies develop awareness of thoughts, feelings and automatic stress responses, so that we can learn to pause, stay calm, and choose how we respond in challenging interactions.
I am a registered psychotherapist providing counselling to families, adults and couples. My specialized expertise is in anxiety, depression, neurodivergence (ADHD and ASD), giftedness, acute and chronic medical conditions, trauma for professionals and care-givers. I am a Level 1 graduate of the Internal Family Systems Insitute and have addtional training in IFS. I teach mindfulness as a way of finding peace in the present moment. Mindfulness strategies develop awareness of thoughts, feelings and automatic stress responses, so that we can learn to pause, stay calm, and choose how we respond in challenging interactions.
(249) 492-9932 View (249) 492-9932

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in M5W

10+

Average cost per session

$145

Counsellors in M5W who prioritize treating:

100% Grief
100% Self Esteem
100% Stress
93% Anxiety
93% Coping Skills
86% Relationship Issues
86% Depression

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% SunLife
67% Canada Life | Great-West Life
50% Green Shield Canada

How Counsellors in M5W see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only

Gender breakdown

93% Female
7% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in M5W?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postal code, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postal code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Most Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are certified by one of the main professional associations, mainly the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association (CCPA), and will have a Certified Canadian Counsellor (CCC) designation with their name. Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered members of the college specific to their province. To be listed in the directory, Psychologists must be registered with the psychological college specific to their province or territory.

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given the considerable variation in professional regulation and prerequisites across Canadian provinces, some providers may possess significant professional qualifications without necessarily holding professional memberships or being obliged to acquire them. As a result, they may be selectively included without the "Verified" seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors, psychotherapists and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in Canada.

Psychologists have a master's and/or doctoral degree and have passed both written and oral exams. Psychologists are able to complete mental health assessments and provide diagnostic information to clients as well as provide counselling therapy or psychotherapy. Counsellors and psychotherapists are expected to have a master's or doctoral degree in counselling psychology, social work, or a related mental health discipline and certification by a professional association, such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association. Registered Social Workers possess a Bachelor's or Master's degree in Social Work and where possible must be licensed or certified by the provincial government and/or regulatory college.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Canada could be between $100 and $200. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. Some types of outpatient mental health services are covered by Medicare, provided these are performed by a licensed mental health professional in the provinces or territory you reside in and who accepts the assignment.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postal code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Professionals licensed by regulatory colleges and those certified by associations such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association are obligated to uphold client confidentiality unless there is a legal reason that requires them to disclose information. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others, or a court order, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.